config root man

%!PS-Adobe-2.0
%%Creator: dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software
%%Title: bashref.dvi
%%Pages: 160
%%PageOrder: Ascend
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792
%%DocumentFonts: CMBX12 CMR10 CMTT10 CMSL10 CMSY10 CMBXTI10 CMTI10
%%+ CMCSC10 CMSLTT10 CMTT12 CMSY9 CMR8 CMTT9 CMTI9 CMR9
%%EndComments
%DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com)
%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -D 600 -t letter -o bashref.ps bashref.dvi
%DVIPSParameters: dpi=600, compressed
%DVIPSSource:  TeX output 2006.09.28:1026
%%BeginProcSet: texc.pro
%!
/TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S
N}B/A{dup}B/TR{translate}N/isls false N/vsize 11 72 mul N/hsize 8.5 72
mul N/landplus90{false}def/@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}ifelse 0
0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{
landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div hsize
mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR[
matrix currentmatrix{A A round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}forall round
exch round exch]setmatrix}N/@landscape{/isls true N}B/@manualfeed{
statusdict/manualfeed true put}B/@copies{/#copies X}B/FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]
N/FBB[0 0 0 0]N/nn 0 N/IEn 0 N/ctr 0 N/df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin
/FontType 3 N/FontMatrix fntrx N/FontBBox FBB N string/base X array
/BitMaps X/BuildChar{CharBuilder}N/Encoding IEn N end A{/foo setfont}2
array copy cvx N load 0 nn put/ctr 0 N[}B/sf 0 N/df{/sf 1 N/fntrx FMat N
df-tail}B/dfs{div/sf X/fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0]N df-tail}B/E{pop nn A
definefont setfont}B/Cw{Cd A length 5 sub get}B/Ch{Cd A length 4 sub get
}B/Cx{128 Cd A length 3 sub get sub}B/Cy{Cd A length 2 sub get 127 sub}
B/Cdx{Cd A length 1 sub get}B/Ci{Cd A type/stringtype ne{ctr get/ctr ctr
1 add N}if}B/id 0 N/rw 0 N/rc 0 N/gp 0 N/cp 0 N/G 0 N/CharBuilder{save 3
1 roll S A/base get 2 index get S/BitMaps get S get/Cd X pop/ctr 0 N Cdx
0 Cx Cy Ch sub Cx Cw add Cy setcachedevice Cw Ch true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 Cx
sub Cy .1 sub]/id Ci N/rw Cw 7 add 8 idiv string N/rc 0 N/gp 0 N/cp 0 N{
rc 0 ne{rc 1 sub/rc X rw}{G}ifelse}imagemask restore}B/G{{id gp get/gp
gp 1 add N A 18 mod S 18 idiv pl S get exec}loop}B/adv{cp add/cp X}B
/chg{rw cp id gp 4 index getinterval putinterval A gp add/gp X adv}B/nd{
/cp 0 N rw exit}B/lsh{rw cp 2 copy get A 0 eq{pop 1}{A 255 eq{pop 254}{
A A add 255 and S 1 and or}ifelse}ifelse put 1 adv}B/rsh{rw cp 2 copy
get A 0 eq{pop 128}{A 255 eq{pop 127}{A 2 idiv S 128 and or}ifelse}
ifelse put 1 adv}B/clr{rw cp 2 index string putinterval adv}B/set{rw cp
fillstr 0 4 index getinterval putinterval adv}B/fillstr 18 string 0 1 17
{2 copy 255 put pop}for N/pl[{adv 1 chg}{adv 1 chg nd}{1 add chg}{1 add
chg nd}{adv lsh}{adv lsh nd}{adv rsh}{adv rsh nd}{1 add adv}{/rc X nd}{
1 add set}{1 add clr}{adv 2 chg}{adv 2 chg nd}{pop nd}]A{bind pop}
forall N/D{/cc X A type/stringtype ne{]}if nn/base get cc ctr put nn
/BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{A A length 1 sub A 2 index S get sf div put
}if put/ctr ctr 1 add N}B/I{cc 1 add D}B/bop{userdict/bop-hook known{
bop-hook}if/SI save N @rigin 0 0 moveto/V matrix currentmatrix A 1 get A
mul exch 0 get A mul add .99 lt{/QV}{/RV}ifelse load def pop pop}N/eop{
SI restore userdict/eop-hook known{eop-hook}if showpage}N/@start{
userdict/start-hook known{start-hook}if pop/VResolution X/Resolution X
1000 div/DVImag X/IEn 256 array N 2 string 0 1 255{IEn S A 360 add 36 4
index cvrs cvn put}for pop 65781.76 div/vsize X 65781.76 div/hsize X}N
/p{show}N/RMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N/BDot 260 string N/Rx 0 N/Ry 0 N/V{}B/RV/v{
/Ry X/Rx X V}B statusdict begin/product where{pop false[(Display)(NeXT)
(LaserWriter 16/600)]{A length product length le{A length product exch 0
exch getinterval eq{pop true exit}if}{pop}ifelse}forall}{false}ifelse
end{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR 1 1 scale Rx Ry false RMat{BDot}imagemask
grestore}}{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR Rx Ry scale 1 1 false RMat{BDot}
imagemask grestore}}ifelse B/QV{gsave newpath transform round exch round
exch itransform moveto Rx 0 rlineto 0 Ry neg rlineto Rx neg 0 rlineto
fill grestore}B/a{moveto}B/delta 0 N/tail{A/delta X 0 rmoveto}B/M{S p
delta add tail}B/b{S p tail}B/c{-4 M}B/d{-3 M}B/e{-2 M}B/f{-1 M}B/g{0 M}
B/h{1 M}B/i{2 M}B/j{3 M}B/k{4 M}B/w{0 rmoveto}B/l{p -4 w}B/m{p -3 w}B/n{
p -2 w}B/o{p -1 w}B/q{p 1 w}B/r{p 2 w}B/s{p 3 w}B/t{p 4 w}B/x{0 S
rmoveto}B/y{3 2 roll p a}B/bos{/SS save N}B/eos{SS restore}B end

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: f7b6d320.enc
% Thomas Esser, Dec 2002. public domain
%
% Encoding for:
%     cmb10 cmbx10 cmbx12 cmbx5 cmbx6 cmbx7 cmbx8 cmbx9 cmbxsl10
%     cmdunh10 cmr10 cmr12 cmr17cmr6 cmr7 cmr8 cmr9 cmsl10 cmsl12 cmsl8
%     cmsl9 cmss10cmss12 cmss17 cmss8 cmss9 cmssbx10 cmssdc10 cmssi10
%     cmssi12 cmssi17 cmssi8cmssi9 cmssq8 cmssqi8 cmvtt10
%
/TeXf7b6d320Encoding [
/Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /Omega
/ff /fi /fl /ffi /ffl /dotlessi /dotlessj /grave /acute /caron /breve
/macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls /ae /oe /oslash /AE /OE /Oslash
/suppress /exclam /quotedblright /numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand
/quoteright /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen
/period /slash /zero /one /two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight
/nine /colon /semicolon /exclamdown /equal /questiondown /question /at
/A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N /O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X
/Y /Z /bracketleft /quotedblleft /bracketright /circumflex /dotaccent
/quoteleft /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h /i /j /k /l /m /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u
/v /w /x /y /z /endash /emdash /hungarumlaut /tilde /dieresis /suppress
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /space
/Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /.notdef
/.notdef /Omega /ff /fi /fl /ffi /ffl /dotlessi /dotlessj /grave /acute
/caron /breve /macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls /ae /oe /oslash /AE
/OE /Oslash /suppress /dieresis /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
] def

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: 09fbbfac.enc
% Thomas Esser, Dec 2002. public domain
%
% Encoding for:
%     cmsltt10 cmtt10 cmtt12 cmtt8 cmtt9
/TeX09fbbfacEncoding [
/Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi
/Omega /arrowup /arrowdown /quotesingle /exclamdown /questiondown
/dotlessi /dotlessj /grave /acute /caron /breve /macron /ring /cedilla
/germandbls /ae /oe /oslash /AE /OE /Oslash /visiblespace /exclam
/quotedbl /numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quoteright /parenleft
/parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one
/two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight /nine /colon /semicolon /less
/equal /greater /question /at /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N
/O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y /Z /bracketleft /backslash /bracketright
/asciicircum /underscore /quoteleft /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h /i /j /k /l
/m /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w /x /y /z /braceleft /bar /braceright
/asciitilde /dieresis /visiblespace /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /space /Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi
/Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /.notdef /.notdef /Omega /arrowup /arrowdown
/quotesingle /exclamdown /questiondown /dotlessi /dotlessj /grave /acute
/caron /breve /macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls /ae /oe /oslash /AE
/OE /Oslash /visiblespace /dieresis /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
] def

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: bbad153f.enc
% Thomas Esser, Dec 2002. public domain
%
% Encoding for:
%     cmsy10 cmsy5 cmsy6 cmsy7 cmsy8 cmsy9
%
/TeXbbad153fEncoding [
/minus /periodcentered /multiply /asteriskmath /divide /diamondmath
/plusminus /minusplus /circleplus /circleminus /circlemultiply
/circledivide /circledot /circlecopyrt /openbullet /bullet
/equivasymptotic /equivalence /reflexsubset /reflexsuperset /lessequal
/greaterequal /precedesequal /followsequal /similar /approxequal
/propersubset /propersuperset /lessmuch /greatermuch /precedes /follows
/arrowleft /arrowright /arrowup /arrowdown /arrowboth /arrownortheast
/arrowsoutheast /similarequal /arrowdblleft /arrowdblright /arrowdblup
/arrowdbldown /arrowdblboth /arrownorthwest /arrowsouthwest /proportional
/prime /infinity /element /owner /triangle /triangleinv /negationslash
/mapsto /universal /existential /logicalnot /emptyset /Rfractur /Ifractur
/latticetop /perpendicular /aleph /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K
/L /M /N /O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y /Z /union /intersection
/unionmulti /logicaland /logicalor /turnstileleft /turnstileright
/floorleft /floorright /ceilingleft /ceilingright /braceleft /braceright
/angbracketleft /angbracketright /bar /bardbl /arrowbothv /arrowdblbothv
/backslash /wreathproduct /radical /coproduct /nabla /integral
/unionsq /intersectionsq /subsetsqequal /supersetsqequal /section
/dagger /daggerdbl /paragraph /club /diamond /heart /spade /arrowleft
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/minus /periodcentered /multiply /asteriskmath /divide /diamondmath
/plusminus /minusplus /circleplus /circleminus /.notdef /.notdef
/circlemultiply /circledivide /circledot /circlecopyrt /openbullet
/bullet /equivasymptotic /equivalence /reflexsubset /reflexsuperset
/lessequal /greaterequal /precedesequal /followsequal /similar
/approxequal /propersubset /propersuperset /lessmuch /greatermuch
/precedes /follows /arrowleft /spade /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
] def

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: 74afc74c.enc
% Thomas Esser, Dec 2002. public domain
%
% Encoding for:
%     cmbxti10 cmff10 cmfi10 cmfib8 cmti10 cmti12 cmti7 cmti8cmti9 cmu10
%
/TeX74afc74cEncoding [
/Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /Omega
/ff /fi /fl /ffi /ffl /dotlessi /dotlessj /grave /acute /caron /breve
/macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls /ae /oe /oslash /AE /OE /Oslash
/suppress /exclam /quotedblright /numbersign /sterling /percent
/ampersand /quoteright /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma
/hyphen /period /slash /zero /one /two /three /four /five /six /seven
/eight /nine /colon /semicolon /exclamdown /equal /questiondown /question
/at /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N /O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W
/X /Y /Z /bracketleft /quotedblleft /bracketright /circumflex /dotaccent
/quoteleft /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h /i /j /k /l /m /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u
/v /w /x /y /z /endash /emdash /hungarumlaut /tilde /dieresis /suppress
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /space
/Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /.notdef
/.notdef /Omega /ff /fi /fl /ffi /ffl /dotlessi /dotlessj /grave /acute
/caron /breve /macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls /ae /oe /oslash /AE
/OE /Oslash /suppress /dieresis /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
] def

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: 0ef0afca.enc
% Thomas Esser, Dec 2002. public domain
%
% Encoding for:
%     cmr5
%
/TeX0ef0afcaEncoding [
/Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda /Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /Omega
/arrowup /arrowdown /quotesingle /exclamdown /questiondown /dotlessi
/dotlessj /grave /acute /caron /breve /macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls
/ae /oe /oslash /AE /OE /Oslash /suppress /exclam /quotedblright
/numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quoteright /parenleft
/parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one
/two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight /nine /colon /semicolon
/less /equal /greater /question /at /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K
/L /M /N /O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y /Z /bracketleft /quotedblleft
/bracketright /circumflex /dotaccent /quoteleft /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h
/i /j /k /l /m /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w /x /y /z /endash /emdash
/hungarumlaut /tilde /dieresis /suppress /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /space /Gamma /Delta /Theta /Lambda
/Xi /Pi /Sigma /Upsilon /Phi /Psi /.notdef /.notdef /Omega /arrowup
/arrowdown /quotesingle /exclamdown /questiondown /dotlessi /dotlessj
/grave /acute /caron /breve /macron /ring /cedilla /germandbls /ae /oe
/oslash /AE /OE /Oslash /suppress /dieresis /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
] def

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginProcSet: texps.pro
%!
TeXDict begin/rf{findfont dup length 1 add dict begin{1 index/FID ne 2
index/UniqueID ne and{def}{pop pop}ifelse}forall[1 index 0 6 -1 roll
exec 0 exch 5 -1 roll VResolution Resolution div mul neg 0 0]FontType 0
ne{/Metrics exch def dict begin Encoding{exch dup type/integertype ne{
pop pop 1 sub dup 0 le{pop}{[}ifelse}{FontMatrix 0 get div Metrics 0 get
div def}ifelse}forall Metrics/Metrics currentdict end def}{{1 index type
/nametype eq{exit}if exch pop}loop}ifelse[2 index currentdict end
definefont 3 -1 roll makefont/setfont cvx]cvx def}def/ObliqueSlant{dup
sin S cos div neg}B/SlantFont{4 index mul add}def/ExtendFont{3 -1 roll
mul exch}def/ReEncodeFont{CharStrings rcheck{/Encoding false def dup[
exch{dup CharStrings exch known not{pop/.notdef/Encoding true def}if}
forall Encoding{]exch pop}{cleartomark}ifelse}if/Encoding exch def}def
end

%%EndProcSet
%%BeginFont: CMTT12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT12 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:45:46
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-1 -234 524 695}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000833 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:59
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-39 -250 1036 750}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000792 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTI9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 18 21:08:07
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTI9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTI9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-35 -250 1148 750}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000827 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA0529731C99A784CCBE85B4993B2EEBDE
3B12D472B7CF54651EF21185116A69AB1096ED4BAD2F646635E019B6417CC77B
532F85D811C70D1429A19A5307EF63EB5C5E02C89FC6C20F6D9D89E7D91FE470
B72BEFDA23F5DF76BE05AF4CE93137A219ED8A04A9D7D6FDF37E6B7FCDE0D90B
986423E5960A5D9FBB4C956556E8DF90CBFAEC476FA36FD9A5C8175C9AF513FE
D919C2DDD26BDC0D99398B9F4D03D5993DFC0930297866E1CD0A319B6B1FD958
9E3948FFB3DF7BFF10C9BDA4EFE5F68A8CB1526990D1357AE6D2F7C2D2EF8496
4E47B39E6712EB8908A3265E5FAB40567E866C244814449F1E993AAB422C3F1D
DFA8C7118584F2E5197FD4BFA3A8AE9E953C6CD4672C0FF51E41C3A919749C1A
F06650DF4C5E17492164BDBCDF22609A74BFA7F69960A64B9F949FFC2A807458
8579366C4F41BDE1FDFBCC4845FA19BBB6963D65EE8532549274BAEBDFF24FA6
03235D1BE37C06B1938AF369DA75BF38DDBC87A1FF445EAA16E1895ABE9506B9
211955753E447865D33CEF007391D2666A046277A30A49804FFCED3FEA5EB2C3
E52EE14A9F75241EA10C91974CDA6236EB840FD44D6DDE4D9B3266C3B99BD38B
D835BCA8CB819C073480FB972CC028D218F6A1D344CE1B63F4FBF2C826F412E1
6E0B05A26125865A14FD7B7030B478BB8BC6BC395335C3BA940E1C348267F4F9
0AF97BBEE253511940F1048E175D3569F7D05A28851B6F50765FEB6C9654FEDC
1BF52F535DB5BB90C1BD5D2EBF75E0AEBE82B20507F3C28A03746781018D4EB2
298E4F2C27ACF73FA73EBE43F014BB575AAD516C0407B29E1653375135ECB74D
C91372F06FA8EF37C31AF3FA48AE65318EAA6C34830A5377ABB2DFA5DA53A574
433484BA1466709A4B186761655C8E482833B697673E847C691079E7F1DCB8D6
1AD91101D757B83E2090337D525AEECB028FB3C9F6A6E6AD2F322CFDC5A833E6
1CE4EDBF41FD34FD61630581D222F854A76C2EA9FD72796A7C9CC1F6C2FCCD16
E95CA05826A4ECFADA6A5FB83C41A7131E52BA6585DD6DD78515D8F7327DFC6F
9404F89293D6ACB433CD0802C43F0E74C6C4766A23A6AE3788FE6CAE82E1A104
BAEC8BEFDEFE4F292F625E60362F3886F602CE4121BF0AAD93526314BCBB5971
40091A7BBF7EFB3BA355B88C897D9C70C841DE41309348751EDFFA8675215988
49CB1599834A01EC6CD4FD813AFF97A614F56975775D5F48E9C1A9CE532FAEB1
4EBE20C3FA87CFE03664C428BFC5C894668E507950005BD8C2BCA8998C1FB92C
4E6B791BA05B79F332EB8AF5B0F851B8B7EE372EC0861B09C007CDF43F82D0B7
35446F682A0DA7F4112CDABE4F922EACFCB7B8C88BF550B60957E7
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSLTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSLTT10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:41:43
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSLTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSLTT10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-20 -233 617 696}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000800 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:46:24
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-6 -233 542 698}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000831 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR8
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR8 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:40
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR8) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR8 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-36 -250 1070 750}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000791 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:22:27
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSY9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-30 -958 1146 777}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000819 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMCSC10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMCSC10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 18 17:46:49
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMCSC10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMCSC10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{14 -250 1077 750}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000772 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX12 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:34:54
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMBX12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-53 -251 1139 750}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000769 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA052A014267B7904EB3C0D3BD0B83D891
016CA6CA4B712ADEB258FAAB9A130EE605E61F77FC1B738ABC7C51CD46EF8171
9098D5FEE67660E69A7AB91B58F29A4D79E57022F783EB0FBBB6D4F4EC35014F
D2DECBA99459A4C59DF0C6EBA150284454E707DC2100C15B76B4C19B84363758
469A6C558785B226332152109871A9883487DD7710949204DDCF837E6A8708B8
2BDBF16FBC7512FAA308A093FE5F0364CD5660F74BEE96790DE35AFA90CCF712
B1805DA88AE375A04D99598EADFC625BDC1F9C315B6CF28C9BD427F32C745C99
AEBE70DAAED49EA45AF94F081934AA47894A370D698ABABDA4215500B190AF26
7FCFB7DDA2BC68605A4EF61ECCA3D61C684B47FFB5887A3BEDE0B4D30E8EBABF
20980C23312618EB0EAF289B2924FF4A334B85D98FD68545FDADB47F991E7390
B10EE86A46A5AF8866C010225024D5E5862D49DEB5D8ECCB95D94283C50A363D
68A49071445610F03CE3600945118A6BC0B3AA4593104E727261C68C4A47F809
D77E4CF27B3681F6B6F3AC498E45361BF9E01FAF5527F5E3CC790D3084674B3E
26296F3E03321B5C555D2458578A89E72D3166A3C5D740B3ABB127CF420C316D
F957873DA04CF0DB25A73574A4DE2E4F2D5D4E8E0B430654CF7F341A1BDB3E26
77C194764EAD58C585F49EF10843FE020F9FDFD9008D660DE50B9BD7A2A87299
BC319E66D781101BB956E30643A19B93C8967E1AE4719F300BFE5866F0D6DA5E
C55E171A24D3B707EFA325D47F473764E99BC8B1108D815CF2ACADFA6C4663E8
30855D673CE98AB78F5F829F7FA226AB57F07B3E7D4E7CE30ED3B7EB0D3035C5
148DA8D9FA34483414FDA8E3DC9E6C479E3EEE9A11A0547FC9085FA4631AD19C
E936E0598E3197207FA7BB6E55CFD5EF72AEC12D9A9675241C7A71316B2E148D
E2A1732B3627109EA446CB320EBBE2E78281CDF0890E2E72B6711335857F1E23
337C75E729701E93D5BEC0630CDC7F4E957233EC09F917E5CA703C7E93841598
0E73843FC6619DE017C8473A6D1B2BE5142DEBA285B98FA1CC5E64D2ADB981E6
472971848451A245DDF6AA3B8225E9AC8E4630B0FF32D679EC27ACAD85C6394E
A6F71023B660EE883D8B676837E9EBA4E42BA8F365433A900F1DC3A9F0E88A26
31B84248049A4C7D49ACFC81E3E4FEF5F69FA691073C34351C95E8BACB6C51F1
F0A239823BF97F518E4B04A7F85F0AC7C6BE40E6FBCA328F96D0F9D9AC3C2A53
F5781366C50469C5386935E833FC248D8260AD6F72D2F2D3688E9A94F87E5F62
5DD3358365F85FBE367FA2769C7EAD5EC9BEF5292B14ADDC9683E8CFD76FDECB
CB72CC020BF223B29FF3A9538B04C9B9403B01CE4DE99EF7B0CCDDCDAA7AC5AA
8D7BFA69A836CFE988DDEF001303F7D58DD7E193171F7E9A23ADCB244AEDA2F9
642CBF8FDD62F6E91B80825292EDDDCD7496624B6C1D381A61E8C1AA0A00DC0F
2280242088F24D4129B4CF1320A2989A08765AC390CA76720FA030743CAD6846
F6E8789A5E3E96940C65CF0C9677DA1EA3162B71E99B770228070BB9A660909C
47F380B10F7DD5AB2BC23044B4175164A88BA16451EF494E5A1902F43E9FAFFC
3A60286E5561E16780F2115B85685E797E63731011E10EE1D64C148F65873F06
5DB9C32ADFCA9342F4A18E85BB905DD4AC45AA56B38EAFE3F1C9D17D689D8B0E
C6E91A7D42EE6BF82651E7BDB46BD65BFA57BE8E0A797E97BC1DECF2EA2DDAC3
CA6164F5AE380D6B2A23B5DE1B97C91D29E535A2274BBFCACFC10C12E554D0C4
EB97C43A3C752B5393154E9865685D33439FDDDC258860296047026EBF689762
A1067296C711A03086D178FEC65A2FB0BE917ACA96321BBBFA8458EFA0E14A4C
85AEB8EF6597D75D5BCCD1B0935DC1AFFB755BE6106162EFB60676735BE64564
B5DDDAA7C26ECE1690A043F2754103FA3F81E29DA762BFB50D4A3F3C8BB419FF
E9317E01EF54AF28B4F875896C7B8196A95707DC79F1C3538D4F162260AFCD90
61A3967C99F6F780646B5B2A97DD6649CACB141F76E10EFD1A7A9DE0D76705A5
AB7155D73ADEE46D19B6A7CFC58F614678D999A23C31E1C86CDBF7017DB90531
C14ACA1F11A9FEDD6C0AE413C7DD478AD99E7CEFF7785DD631552FACE5B0B428
5781E221364CCDEAA1AB3486990515939A9EDB065282DA4C5A837C81CDE67A52
97FA3936E332AD57319A0DCF95DD083934855AB5CC535EA4E9D9DAE662F7BB0A
6D45FBE3072DB42C1D27BC8DB5257FEB94D5CC9E7B944C1AE3F4B7322182690C
9541CA08810032516B71FA614EC6823210DF837B551624862C9D4A1A863500A2
A913E18C4298DB9EA02BDC2BACA79F0B57897AF2E486CDBEBE200FA42B0C2213
E577843CC8090A89B416F8D09827C62EA1756C82BCFDB38A7888DD1866DF0EB8
E45701027A28440A6DBADD0D1158BFB645F23DCF66205A14175E31281B1E5CE6
7BDAD0C786B0782E76044594F693B3546D0D807168833ACAFD06DC4B8CB05496
D8041FD42795FE58DC25E5C14E78FFFEDE3B48BA53C008C1FC1723551B65BAC9
155B82AA53A9475D2B62954504DFEDB3DB0A8912313978CDAA587619F64BB9BE
C99872DA229A8D5A282A92148A68DBEA0DA4B2F0A08D2A00F6BC04F793968D0B
7CB56E8AD3ABB9AB57A514A170F16EDA92F8176DE7CB42C4F23E504DFCAD2B20
2ED5863AAF337A28DAF9FFDAF578C029EE69B0A030CD6134DAEC4C0E71BB0851
E7753AE655AEA168919C087038417510DAF6C48C31886A2674E2487C2E226B99
585FB5225A704EAF95B54E688080E863FB94407DDBBDF259620A9BD9073640C5
ADBF23A33F705B852365912A262A40CB57FF109A87AF25466AE93C957DA63E5E
6DC474A4DAABBD9337A852206C50B645D28AC81A9F1848425DFCF6A10702F23A
1CDA1F43EFF11578D55C1380AA9DE2B0CB7BDCE13C78966FC614FBA1BF4F64F5
4B38ABC7919DA46D084DE5A435F006F127F3D1B232089ADA7B1705E03D727BA0
0F8BCB53E985AEF73B9D68B3DE0B1CD36E566072AF21BDE7D991E090D02E3239
E1E389F9F799BD17C453F0885D74FB9CA04E6DB6BE1EC840F8C1E7C117199177
A8BD4361E733E53210D3FD7B71825563EDA0D99153F1A81174D5850704559972
60D67F2A11FF9403C64D9F58F30C2A0E89C96281F8395E26B12C6EA61FEBFE63
737F0A33D7E37E3DCD245043BA1522729C6DBD5D78B2C8C58FA5BA77BFABCAE1
AAE7C36E70FFA3E83A906E8E63CF6F331499964299443B9C5F0EFB91DC4E675C
5784DBA5413F3DE861903D970018AC64CCB010133F2EFA4821ACD4474715F057
6FA8565AAD50B9F19F8DBB6E3AC72E1906423AB35A93D56E34CFD5F3B5863571
F654EA6D67B299A48185EE5DA4F873932B39C23F57764ED19EBBA923A51A2C6C
5CD7A59477341ABB5B5F21115D1774500B930AD6CD07638047F45A2AD8FFBA36
05C5CB6B7B97F88404462CC50EC5A75676E8F91E7D42C4DB59AA74E24848DFFE
B556A249D8E3D23137B60D9E8FE2A9641AF959A216C57A825B811C6E7522C443
69B8FA6395F7F3C628A3CA99FC5D8689C95E35EDD6B271F3FEED9D184F0B3AFA
8A7B6100E336589BDD6FBD03B782E36D809A64E9A94F5E9B3C9E7822D24D46D8
515CBAFB830CE3F1923F6156E29AD479301470DB9A9180FA7381C4A09E9D1ADB
51DA817559A37DE2615DF1AA2DD6B8C4BB1C9B27723DDE22C116B4E43ACE5463
71C4B79C1729EBF6F1ACABB12A3F596817827589E67879ED40DF7DDD403D45AA
021B11B11859CD7ED42A6C6F15021E04508C2CBF94CDA637A75ACB47D3A249B3
31DC550B331B22CE2191850799B2E0AF443ABB788CC6297929AF3D3BC9405C8F
2433C4BF18C250C2C15C442C10C119F543C101F60FEF1EE0F9558A8E2F6035B0
C5789E9248D846D2ECD3EC4E790A79D2817F5E612833FCDC360C6902F176E130
E70FC6E15E07ABF4FD6BE5F3EE3BD4A48DD38256706C25BF0E6D9A7C51DC80BA
72BC5F5243C1B49E3D75455BEA13195C093C47AAC6ED3EABFFA674F9E66207EB
98571BAA8C06389AD5402730DA846CDD6040CA84E0F27A65D1194D916A835275
4E99D6F6084F8EB0E34940F47C4D8700E1B46AAD46EE464D4E10C4E1259D2208
70D0EB1661EE28B7FBA067BAF8067480793B37D4C881678B2612531E87BC7243
0AC0B8A4B816F1670443C0A3E4FD631EB8B48DF3D4A03D9690408986E98F227E
05253E9BCCB8C61AA0B4E352B6B76FD9D785AC8823A4FBCEBD4574182D86382F
6CF90EE394506B1043FC4137E9FBE5D471F605E34B59AB3822ACF3B71730A79D
802486209B66D4AF6BCB7821CE4BBC447F66B35ED8BC949A935C335B9F61646B
AED373E141AEFCC868D068C2D133AC284885829718513ED5328EDF5230C38399
F97CE6F55004A89D21937914FC9CDEABC3837A63B658C1F96E1F6474420916CB
3197C6F107159EC20D34E13A8698BB04E9E8BBB59993776DA701148447D07F19
2E8FFF1160E89A82D07D58C7DFC3B71EEBF7A9E958572BAAC093568F5BA7C0BD
B118994D1A3A9F60CC96A1A996D369E7FC684244C07C3461C932ABF4C266B7A3
239D80C79F603449A0145D88AB24A4DD8B2D82F315AF8F05904EF22F09331D9E
D6340306D266B4283E919117D283918BF0B4D944BD0B7990DEA8859A690F011C
7C6843BFEFC9329CAE786F102EF0CF8A2D70050B264BF0D824E1647191D1AC13
C23E7F53BA73E1B3636C50BC33E2F8D0631C3A76789304A52DC48AB4BD9D6C9C
51D64DCF77AD95EFA09415A64B346B32D4189A9922B9514A26AD918667CE94DB
A631AAA4EABD64C71E9E954A40A16A66CC50F444350FBB77C1BF49868E2DF59F
5EEBB30170DD95B0D8D7530E3B613B70337239A47C582AB7E3E0EA6C6C908B16
5E89F0969A57D2AB5429DE5CABF2158AD4DDEBA86000C37DA9D859BA60A6A4B0
EC7C29E0B6E01D174EC741BD5989B5BE020C843A86ADCD2D6BA02CB524140D80
97FFC7AA43CD5ED3B6A4E7D4D90F3244A71598955428E310D2263394B807FF04
E102DD0203FC79B002D2458B4E29AEEB42CB757197316ECA9A21D5E8D0F1CA74
1B52DFB5FDC9EE0764E5A2F2CA7307050D13DFAA548514374CE8BFFFE8109F57
638DD8BFCA8F51079D9ED3621A6AE9CAF4BC163F79E283BC7D52E215E73B896E
7A208969AE5E6D2660B73891FE0C38D3F65A65117EFEA6C9008F006811ECABB3
ACED727AB8D25D9D6F7B12A630090675131BD7657017E0D1BEBA6C721D97E496
3113B14D6D8C6ECCE0C82CD092480BE17F5031FE21FA67AEBAFE90E2DE02F273
8B82E66CA84CE6210D492175BD6A0EB412240AA3799637142CB8F8E07033FC81
CAC9CC379FE10A0E444A373605647996A2AFF259B0A2332DC2C4C6AB519A102B
5A0EF3331915EF092F5ACF3CAB65F21DBD04986BE3DF862411E7EDFF32867B63
9891E06A0BDCDABCD7EFB0F8080CA30C79FEA9ED999B9B2D94CB3CD3ABC6C94B
1460CDB5C58247EE64C7B0A3896E86DFF036B3BACB489FCDE3C6B4926F7D6EF7
0166D4B404F3EEC540EB39B801F22B57F59F7E987F76E6BC8A61DC216557FF8F
98901298DD5571653CC29C5B7F2DA9FBB4D93B62CE43C06AEC1B942BA6A3E86D
7C1F83AC372F681EFCC95CC23149881FD1BF6951C669977722357026C481BD85
C8B79C02D35D6EDF2DA523EF97B32CA023C21B7C0E746DC61A4E062AFA6033E2
D1221BBB36256B230363B9B4E40E34272AB93C63D962D5BCFF652259E9EED617
38DB29D6521453834C876865FBA9AED8D6F740EFD3A0AC9DDDF999DEBFCE49B0
848E6B535C89DC288C1BC750B9FD923A74853E2EC884AF81499539BA9DA06041
89BFC782FB656E28F911EFFC5CD1AB78AD270D02AB7D129F1512EDAFF40E1895
4B9B7FD4D3F0669B1692B22690B08623D21318669D032E899617279149C08A48
E71DB761E6E25DAFA8B51755120DAB6C7D9AA16EE353A5A619EB659C974FC026
9558753A717D6F3928835038F32C0FDD63D4664BC97FFC8FD5378CDDC66A3CFA
093EE8063A0B09B9DF05F7564D65940FE9E6F1E9461355ACCA406A4B6E16FBCB
5A2C9BA2EF4FFE362FA6CA020F5DB489755D27557242393E50377C6945B64996
868A29A500C5D5772BDBED54B25DCD6C229F6D43290FDD5D410576511D907D3A
5BAFC90F329A4C861883FE8185ED5ABA95A7DF29623704DD4EF379ECDE1CEC4F
AC06577755135A1B5427D5DAD85485AF0741FF7F16884AD6509854D7944CC513
6EF45A4A3E3F1F4C2DC86682B7A62811F784C3B7A735BE518196E8E2CAD81E6B
2B8734FF26C91E988AA5B9E1E7FB42DE6B82FF6479AFBB7368A4260F67BDAB69
3E689082825E4FE7469CBA1B9B7177119C0825B100BE8E6F1A910DE8F92CB3A6
661B19BE5EC3B6DF6B04781432F40EDB678878FA51FB4F3DDE2076921CF3EEB8
AB9885EDE74E091F0A6C1583515C7C46828AB1487B18B84F8B85A439A6C8EE1E
3822776A0A1E25216B7BA38AE77EBC4FB706257290FCBDECBDC13BEB402F2C25
610AF618A12E7D229F6A83B8CA7D8A117E1EBAFE6C044F13D583223F4DC56E79
4C297063953E49AEC2428F1E96B1EAFAE79099FCA69EAC63E970F10512AE8B91
5BD5E11C20C0D65F637642E85058D8B2ECB4A5E6C6EBF6C7DEA6EADA0F978CB5
EDFE9D9A7E608088F791EC9A12612DD9C997C71BD0465B2D06AEF2DA48BD4C2C
ABA638772D5E614C726AC75F61823707B4F72F2D42146089FEFC3998D9C15521
27863929D103F46673B563712BF63819930CD03242F480A026F77B3FB17C8819
4F9FC69F0EE56E975EF3C545AB514B0E6DCB8E575388E0961CCE8D200F445B2A
4EC2A853EE7B2192526999A1C0AAE2A90A58DB58EC82A10661DC30134286FFEE
3EA512A024143D07A6C671AFEC84858B4828B2B772AAE09E9CA9F7882A4220C8
D618C9C5892FA5A36059B978EF8B26D6839EA8D9C679452810CC9E132C8E0274
117339DCEED2A92632DA2BA784AB19E90A938C9ABCEAE9296E0935F5F6309B16
1EC413004EC7E3CD2CEB4452AA657183E4733200C62A02914ECAC30FE556AF4A
1AF2B26101CFDA61F122B1F4353F9551E38FEA412DE7D0A8445B9D039A417861
5C373641A4B6532370C2E8C5257583484A065421EDB4E50EE8AEEDE46F557A6C
6CD994D162A969698AE100116344007A7B7F747391DA9796409D301E59C94148
F285929AF6B8C6A31D65594F63BFA0D352BCEC60D50E9232C8F28E73B2DDE881
DBC5F5DD8E88E8EF97828453D5095311B92409C532A1A549EFE3CAC1F3D91E5D
2EEC82CA6129FE9DB8CC6FBD6F4BC204CA9454C475BD8877597D75ECBCEACC97
9DC698CC7A064227CBA45EAD0AD850C45D059E2A4ABB0C830EBF95E61F8AC3B3
8A9389EE9E05EA091E64DB71863480D9E4312772FD9B4D6757556CC7C43FB03E
04EEA1C9A048ECEC4B7C465CDFCEAB707F67FFDC903F784CDB60CCA60CB3DA37
09CDEC7264AE28487F0042ED019070BA501C22685AD2EA7BB03EFD5D8728F672
E8FAEC9A5885461CE9F2FE3BEB7F64DDBDE5B0F2A6CF1FF0CB2BA0DFA2CBFA20
C539DBA84F0DDFD3E62AFA11CADD416CA921C2965093177B34DAC627D18442AD
3167DFA2688C2364C0AB3F2DC94D0867CCF22998ECFC568EC07F28161F401789
4F3A13987DCA67E0012D41C712F4515135DAB1405B77BC1C2C3B7CFB52BDE5B1
7E2EFF5C3F19195B778B0016ADF3FF0B11DBF0D674A412AA946167CE88D6B10C
3D77EC4BAE76A665329C977409D2AA8A8CB07325501FCCA2A295F83C21AD5582
09406FD233B02E25A465739986A6962ACC3FECCEA316A8C747B6CBA3B1C4C7F8
5A01B5BB008651EDAFC2A0AAB839EBDD14025BC19B9233D54CB5D400345106AB
E2D1617BC855A3AA6E2B60C50AFBC7FEA9DBA3D30EF2905D96A5F928011CAE86
B1C6FB92AC8BA20D7B15B40113BDCFD9A05B0F9293477C4695E6FF84AA54E779
AF7E19AFE02FE9A3DE310E6CDD4A2C612C227FBEA17CC5014AD9853A74BB6D05
5A64F1C4366DD4D807809FD02B29B8E455293104ED7187A3D4943C2643ADE321
3299D423DA71D017DEF79F33E499D5DEDC97120E91D0408ABA55CD77190E0964
F7B7FCD76DC3213CC9D6F5EF9A7456A181433712F1ED8FCC46BA54793C33F10B
F8BF3C7E8B59C058AA0A9C18CFCF23CCE06D71A146A34B5362CA8EE5DBA42690
1EE541CD07C043C565F803F5EB1E459807DE1380398989EE397D73EA7D142AED
B255F05A5BBFF1F73C05FFDD277EF060CA9E3C7318A58AC3BA0A335442BAB763
E725EDFAB0C984B14893F0050D0773F5037D763074D3CD9EDCFC92F17C3FB699
F7AF92090BAB4B356C4837B9ECB1D71BCC98ACE7F88448A2E2FFE1B96767F9C9
45FE6C13E93E0638B370D660FE15D1AD1B6BEEC26C04EC188641560733EB5C39
D19FE0D6CCADA8D7004F8132E7F535BCEC3C5D45321E59EEAB9576F7B4B39ADE
59A85AA8EA28B2C737F4368720E2AF82A7BC1B364FCB39588256017A745059BD
7C31D183495F63A7B4A76BC50C4A00EB2FE4EE0C512C3BD2573D2E6E415CC58D
E2933DB1BB194B005651138415593EB9EB4B9BD91D37A0CD576B218B6827EFC4
1D3F1D036C6DA66217EF92B6F349B918AA5E20B9D4BB950823BF7EB9FC07F78C
8574224AA93ED2064D7A00C98C41F732215ECC9DE1017CFA379A5B8569C3A496
C0CD61A6201D53177F2736DDF182379C671B38B16AF092D63450CA96C8E8084F
2DB8C8EBA732B5A84F540CC34A4AD3E9908B3DD149A10767999850D353EB7149
E2BD0102585AE07505B83FAE856F467310372205F79199BAE473893B723F7E21
88EE6659BE3088859D2FCEC1604FD568DDA45559DDF64EB10FDB19FE8C9D7C59
F0E7B781DB5FD80A3C7A73420D470F1256D683F92EE6A7A9DD241B66CE4FC35E
C6D69D2B66834D848437D45374829F5F1624722806B9E126B43A51B4FB9C27E9
D5EC07C90DFB7CDA30B53C0DDA3D1F93B7EE82DB6EBC14466F0FCA5149F13B4A
BD949717FB44FF8BFAFDAA7914240E43B0253E4F8ED5C481376C3B609A191670
1F2BDA2F6F6A466FD42FE9BE9EF7C3A5B20DCB2A7C18DACD0A75038DC30E3FD3
64F8389204FEEC67029A64FCC3E5FCF97AF24D98A455997D5667270A95BE2D13
ED87F410B35B52A2D3D89BF180B3EF83CF39B634A0C1CAFB62D76F373D675E86
856E7D0ECFD67A5C48A7FF4653B7A607622DBDE7CB434E145F9A4B0501456B86
3E99DF2570B034243861E4BB80E0F9CE2649329960A792F30913C967F9538E76
75B1591E075C10BB59139E2D1933F6BED658D704F623F8507B0E2A03C582B75D
657B577A72585B6926D51882ABE25C752824092C6A1F5A006512FFAB96700DCA
E2AD0C7D7A3AFFC4F823A02FAB788C32ABDFCDD56DDE65FBA63BF95E890573CB
EA28F7BB049BD3133DE22E8F4F05AD04133FE48785524A14041C73EAD6F60D7A
2CF1F8F3C7258172EAC2A9820F4C04DC34DECF2912182EDC86D7412A25A6FB25
F46341AC7889B645C36A85C8F10D22E41D4143D10EDFF014C00A7B1E4EFAAD1A
7E42EBC657CBA442E9B2DA0BF049E86D680C5E1C4B2588E99F24844E8EA639D3
A4CED6A0A7BE055856FD998BECB9DAADEFACA913A60AE501FDB6F035A2D300FB
FF13B510595A64A900DA5496B7CF1085676680008CE70D114082EBDB5B384058
06A99A26CBB247CFE8EDB6EA428D261602319D5EF03C9B6BB657E6D8A7632970
491BA80744BB5DF021382808F3F99ACDC4EBF26887523FA5EA81321D6EF2AA9A
55939200A4D011602FFF717AD90EB5E47807CB58370C40461591217C2A714DCD
2BE918A0177D068A21B5927C254643AE0B36EA772A3D2EFC25083B8291BF311D
74B95C21696904773C60760CBEE6F94638855697A1948221438456099589576A
AE5438C70C082D177905FB82FFDBD4BD94ECAC1B6FAF0D4D7578A1B6576B4F13
E3A6F814B4AB580ED09C916E20820DF0626FC1D9A925E8BB6A368E630AC6EBEB
933991990F4E49075B318B62CA8296CA43B77FBB16578839419929DC8A2AD819
F3C404FBAC9CE3CAE8AA904E39924C4B704272257DD3D0C8421A90D426376F9E
E2A4B6C868BA2884D7BAF0BADA6299E307ACA1A74B1D73D73F0150A6C560E65E
6C0D247AD55969C1FC5DD81C764338799892D391A254B3613F89D1A348A9BDAF
CCA171CC6E51DEF7A91C7929D6FA2BBC243DA7B1BEF9652F1D8FBCEB2D367187
9FD4B2C681820B2189A213866CE3456E2007FB3DFE2E362149177CD104444D0B
C026EAD4390AF141B33868DC5A49E0E1108DF1A6DBC81E2015969F66773BFF69
707FCD43DD72B483EA751FB1C840C917EAAE7447AEC688EB9922FAAACE7BC094
F617EFFA3199DD06552C72E53E67B0053A3BE5C5750EA0581B1A7692AEF0921A
859C7F04DB8AAB312D2480ABE8AAFF257469A555B5F983D277ECE041588E8F94
07ACAC0E3DDFF44817A21B86939E7787FA7772113699B0A4D9E5462D3E59CEFC
2798A0D70911F57BB068F9D11393D3F2A4161C26DC2F3C92A7D1F5FC32C6295D
9C6DFD5E9561DD4443F5CB7A356A9BDCBB61706ACF0C51670668C67DC0FFF754
286CF2BEF36A02F637DA2DAB10F4897FAB65E78A408C405B52C4F88C4F70CE20
9A27803EAE707C5E9BBEAEF09A2ACEE9986A64BC671BA9D638375ADEC6E83038
303B41BD653612FBE967C4B5A121032C73C085A237A561B860660D52FC408F3F
CCC694CED076A3F42CA1CA6C12A222BEF6850199F45E2354CC7E308D277CE2FF
F85076C0FF875911B86306112881047E688C5EA9CB6497EF84A659A54ACE4AE9
774EB2A9ECD4ABA95831E2B6DCF60E8CCD197670E2CA7B79FBBF3C9D9990E737
D8372E43DB9D4A1B488C630E86BB9B9E91012DAD1D7FD603D2DBBC732690B2A0
8295EB964EDC0197D6CE17CC3C71559962405AA1E21BB1A8C17EA1DB8911C970
4EFC85F0DB429C54FC4BDAE64F5BF4B5DD90236269894A180920BF30FED59182
6781F1602EFE3DFB2467EAB8B00CB5FC30B9669AADD4DAB5795E69F4B8703815
95F15C33DDF808D242BC2169FF88EB6D74E9E10B638658330EBC284C89442949
8F4658A6B3B0E70D1431E969676900E56D0773D36A7CD91CBA93C35EE3E07BB8
2124EA7CDAFD27C4EAB0C53754CD38D4A08C362E0479422E9042C8586BE74C21
FE71358084B5395DED53C62FEE8ED78460D8A9E8C39E49355E9F712142D3CC38
A62E9B7BA97061D2C70579E40A54C0962BFD0C5DC6B3338FE09770DE0910F9FC
4B35C0A307412BF77CB83E62BE74B4EDD3A6BBF2E2294477209F823F57B87452
778759BA065047FA61F3CF1853F60BF4600245237CAA359DBD88619EE2E948A7
FD380EE535751CEC58BEA1C0E48E098CAA97C0AB72A2BAD0B538D8D48A44CAC1
AEA3848BE1B68AA401F37A1E2C4361FE68EF65617237AEC00A37FDA5E826ABD3
291EEA47E3D9800F98665C75184247D4CEE91401411E53B8B48FD8CFA7147E05
3603F82AA77C3FB65E787AF953D88B897ABF206480083C171AD32AF26F927E7F
58F29406D9A4C64522378E3009AB2DDFA65F62ACBB25888F7244002324FCDD2C
D01D4E83F7D222DED9242922F1187FCFEDD0DC300E05C4508256AF9D8DF2141A
84265C77AE2034B7848A2078933229C180BB2176481EA46056610BC76B21B33E
B5792BB9A3C4AFDA74A7316CFDBC0F9C63625CAC268AD7A3B82A9E693F4A2CC1
6CD9E3499B943C6B6522F4DFF471B012E8BBC82E941CB87F1672669A7297DA94
1D05CBE1D1BA7E3749E59275B55C1893F0EACF28EA06567D4702EFA6328B4E06
A179896B168BEA4B248FF64884DA6B42EC4E49116F1BD06104C77E80DEE2B5B3
96476851455CBC7BA1F8D37E927F2B8AA5F6860070940F182B1643929C4A02C8
0D0CF40CBD295C8B5965CAF002D464D032209B83A69CDAC059D2C949A1CA48DC
93C3F287AB2FAAA8010D2B982AD7663E331752B23C82FC07E7F3EB7D72FCE84F
02EF6982C96FA3FCFCEA45BC433C3A1EAF91DA6BB03B8E6C22EB79958025C3D9
6BF93DD6421909607AC24B682E90C3E6F1559C58ADFC90350EB44CC159A69475
BD46BB4123F4AA935D836E5BE5AD399F13D35136933D47F980D19CCA98DC441A
351E2843395245E1A3412ABEAADCC1D314E61FD3F7C227804175717E50D4A553
F329D7D5B1D3ECA7C063471ECB6F72B2FCF5B31C18FCB1C92B013C502C36E795
4BEBEA3247CCA9989B9AFB2E0144C8FDB21E6611242D26DDEF38024E971E3BB8
2ED74172E32515C57A002275759AE8C59CC17AA0EB4A849BB434F1CFE128CF02
E5EF9D2A02279E03CFACBE546FEA176A9864EA3E2748CE7D6480C7BB1E8A469D
85DF3BBB2D98337E82B68BE7A8C2DFE8D6D86FF6BD205D332030679599B70AFD
8A002326707FB485B995826FC0D2F8C3588D1201446162A1F8FC7E75F9208B05
EFF017F40F429CBF0CDE769D14016514543752438D907B32F0C40398C0E0B246
B06E5C2740E7E5A6AF3182E0E0860A0B5158241D79F7F5FF174764D8351A89FD
0A7D99E40F317AEFAE208F3C463DB86593B91892F11C9BFDCC8D741ACA2A0BEE
B2C1A836EC39A8894B9097B194F980E7501608B1403CAC065E92B41AE18664ED
8D9A889C1653217FFDF6006CDAF20073DB4300CFA63025D381E4AE4FE969FBF4
1C66D6FBAA6C0BA67B91CE299044261708D93B15F30F685589FEF331733633D7
F90D071B2CAF4106C22DC5C7361AE88FC817DB8BF37FCF2E409D882F1FEAEF11
41DC3702D9B44DAD630071210E34D2E644101C7CB2AAF0892C497BB391146614
50AD23021FE8FDFF23A505B207A89803DADB5E0E16886FC382809EB0854346C3
5D4D7084F688EBC02DF2673AFF763801F90DBCF5B43FB0E8D57B3079A2C6B07A
69A462168B9FC750AD55E11A10724943B61F425344C8FAA924C87F31E07C3467
1002FDC8CCF3153405FD66EF0EB2FA0FF5E5E0A35FCF5052133B5550152BD88C
2700F1A7D05EAF25B6857615918BA5654925448B950BEFB9EA36073AA00E7B40
0D7E839AC159B8856EDC45FEE444945EA9C4DE984C68C9C1EE918A8CD45BEB50
58C8DA3508F5353B1EB83FD38BAB985608E08A0412A5C83C2CBFE295057EC58C
1C6B537EC6CBE44342700E114DF42ADD55E2FE7FDD9056908AF166ADDDDD93F7
DD5865C03E8FAAADEA4173E3213392D37A545B409211E2D30F2118B5183DBEBD
E7CAB3C1E3C17CDDC47BA80B2EEC36E47E9CF81A30780B0B50B231A7A4C5E3D8
4151DE0CF686095E2706850C90761CCF524D1B61B3E76F6E8611F0E4D993D87C
8A08A4809656DC07FDDFFCD8F5E60782F3160171BB025A6B736D4F4093BBB062
B2F3704B7A438495FD39CE9270411A5111B499A5B97AE75D94A56EBCBD013406
BD215B1A3526C8ECD4C745FA6384931D197EDF17C37BA19DCC3B0E0FB79C1946
53145487B08EF827AB1E4AE0BD7A0106CC4C1A61F2529CFEA254FA028D0D3DF8
48D762C42E711FDB0EDCC0D3D1DD6B4ABF4650856B8F275DF1C8179A8B4D3A28
94EC6376424A8F2462A99D1989AAAB1163A67D05D4EF46D07EADBF747BD56E9A
DC48E7E1B40A2FBDAF5D8CE2EB3AC9CDE96A6044160DA3D5B96B52ED82EE892D
CF600C28E53B9AAE89AA2FFD100EC94BEAE73FCFAB2F4FBC2CE26570C17AFC32
5B343E71769C190E8BB3CC4FAA48991930F7A5995F998D382A90C2A0C98AD6B1
57782EB0D16F191AAA1F04D2BAF1DB754D8543FBCD2B5D3E76591E5E6F1A2F80
6705E607D921873420D7A347215D7A522BAD6CAA9A2285D0353820C27D0834C2
B3BF27AA4704E1E8ADF303E3855D4447BA084098B6E37F578DE9D6C739D44353
10957E129D642D099B137C406524161A5CBF6619FAB7BDB4A1FEB5F69EC2D8C0
803685291E483C2A9DDB83D8F7D751AE6C69DB8297702D20BDD7E293F7DACFA7
E56F7B77F915221981C363DC170F6E04267CE593751908CAB3D95018E8CA038C
8BA4EA16A91A227F04552857B947B693B0DAA420C7D99B5BFD058677FEB15E61
EF1888A69C9E33CFB2E0010E1BA49CA8198242B9E025B988A9E6AB0A7D434C80
50CD2307B194DFB07FC8A827BF6239B3226935A32CCD429348E1789C8B3DFAF3
03B59B0905DF2EBE6C807F52A4811D10B8B10E967FED1853A6D4DB02A46DA4D5
05150D24118FFB7445C8CA17168BD332F32A78DD5211A37FCE92F8BC2142BAE5
FED439839A5F7D1FA4364A2F5F8B1BB4F4BFD27F0078EF167F247DDE2210128F
B927D08CB682DE3C8F954E064349C585376E84DD8D0A15FACFFBC5F54CDB2EA7
34728FE9B4A4D2B07FBF7C6598EE6A5CE1CBB7C0A176D890AD82F3E2F19D686D
75A6B5816D89FAEA212AA077AFEB0055AC44B4E9E639B7D7C8A2FD4C476F4A61
AFE52462E4B8352D98B3412DD494642AD5BF0D59050DE29A72F90838941C4BB7
8A826E48A9AA4AFFC93DBB77A7C8BF4787C47E54F24BD702A3459CD060E70429
5EE5A72C97BCC54F001241C7E0B1D5E0DF76DA82FBDDD294ED30876554BE1E88
DFAAD6D8DA75ECEC61588EDCB48E39A654CC3A8C5641A385B3E0590DE54E9EE2
65A85A1DAC0AAE90E1B131E7064006D5933D96A18235EA1CDE5662B14C393359
6F7995B833A671DC33B8ECCBEAE657004483AEDCB128D2D89DBBE7D87F56FBA8
091300D55B04A20C4ECED98B229A61D4A0ADFA6E7CB8EF07D92F69BA316F6690
02BAC63DF03E07BF5DDDF5C26EF67375032DD9E1CD0A4F9DEAE0AEB79D3BC2B2
A084661D6DA1DBF6B5AB2047BDF4C1A52856524E17ABE66E38A37711FFE2C3AB
0FAE88F096CECB55695970A1EB99491DADB601E0872543310D4335E11FC92DA0
EC1E364D1A81CB3CDCDA4ACD219104C828108D8F75EA0990D6F39F879A58A757
56709186B52D8BDD9205E22DCE70F81FF0DB0F73D7BF22906A9DC9A95AF8452B
40F60A11EDB522C9C8B1473C1B7409E95C520E660EF08F99BA405F44CBEF56B4
388ED1E816AAD6C5DFBA690C207D08DAE204826183FE0C18261EB2E51B594561
D88BCFB02E70054F35E0DE0F31B15191867079301EAA85D5FE398D83F08F9FF9
054E00968650A1546AAF86268CD31B5769B6CAB63D5539D67B426847A822468E
472A5BCFEA9DC15DDD0ECCBEFF03BEB6FA5ACBABEE7CF2A4CB7D85388BD84649
4ABAE15C9B52FED3B8C9AAAB550719309764625EBBD5434F4049309FCAF7571B
377C4DFD355A890803929CBC4596FCDC5875E36668E891E1FFD980B8FA734931
632D59F23D6A80FFDAB866B595A86E6EF798FBDF73C1B0F7073F1C671D641F55
9757E3459CEFF505F1F35CA640B572F985717C6E5CA9E6C006DD797B3F47E0E4
03AA2294E550C63651FA76B2C32ADBB897A3F6099D211A31081AC349B67C89FA
9D2BCDAE1BA92DF9F7B8AA9035783EAFA722A038AA94EBE8453B4A7C1C875090
3D13D7D2843E9E92FD2D55C5A31D7A0FB86A63E6F39D8A2E285AA7767EEBF42A
ADA62726BE511F7283FB148079086AE4A4148CD3B0BA71D2366D02DCEBC34EBB
278D4869B09CC8E191C28D212615125A7BF3C7ABD0ED0173EB04751EB4AEC783
3E781DE01956244B1502D5CCB14EC3C1558F44BD8A7B4C5235EE01EB9787E3F4
7633CF9ACF9D1B95CCD78FCBE8B015FADFF6961D960DFF37AC63E5FCB3BDB0FA
455935C1DD9D3D0D6B998E83E562A0CCECED8BCADB546D4298854C3E760A34E6
63AB4419351F5567DFA518340EA5E8DFF2C63E8A8862B992C3BF020A514EBA10
718183819DA30F6DCF7C47D94845835495E3B69FEF796728DDFE4C9E2E32D163
E02393F60133F2316BB88A3FDF7BCE977CD1F23B4735DA3DC10631D5716CDD84
A9E67B3A60493AB9589026321993D57CAA1E68A8E15BF7CAA67AC1C33A5458B5
4D6FDD851667B28F5E50EDFF7051F2A934BE94F86D5088412F5720D25A480D21
CBD723974537BD0D8EC45B84FE50B15548CC910BD0E91BEEAA1966F3CD79EB7F
5111A9E7597217524A812DD4C2FF71CD57EC7E368A13B56EF52BDE19E34561E6
58AC76FC258B6CAC1AB4A5564F90761D0A9EF18FFB33D27AFAA073B3228C22C9
E2D0106451552CDB212B28F3597D8B652F03B94DF3A980C6888D69BD8597C73C
5F9C6FD102453E2DE1DA43F0531BCD09873867BCCB7D2A78E8205BDDDF4F1602
6A9B9C370F9EB49AB46C6686BB5B74A65F0F7BC4A6028BCD93CA252785E8E27E
F0ED475B95D2819629AF5C08BCE99EE7F5AD89152FA4B6C5A06A15FF077911D0
F3D99CCAB72B83A877508AD5AA2D8551623E22B1CB39753D61099184D035B063
69B7D8FDD9AF3515AB4EB6D423E302EE2D0D6E402632D9FD28BDC27B40157940
809A7F580610903D5BB8D3AA9B2D7F7B6512C106267D41B3644A21F2D8770E4E
4A69BAC7DF73C94BDDCA5A54810FD0F4CB27E4583D1AF77A631DBD0F260296F4
E61B4CBD7641D80CB0FCBBCBB03229D6386111E927B91B128E601ADF44B8F481
99E9941A3E9E5C4E791D822C4DA3B6DDF7D8E01FF3F4264C61E8A779BEC51DA8
FAF47F90BFEF18B8A02E27C4F98A2413C659002232AD2FF6F556F90B634A4F3A
220E89D77C19E9D9AADABF338EDB3C0A0FBF2995C8BD1FF35826988935FEA5EC
C36D3994011F3FDC88581F9431335719FBEA6CA09E232F3D3723937C4EF79E04
C1026CF28D01A630044065B894C833F83254155E92B0B2EA97F1F262FAF419F6
7C665F1675CBE362A3848613677132FD9F8674B23937243BDA27D8C17521FE63
7950087A0D9E678AF1814B234127353D9C9BBDC7A156F8A67B45B3D7708B9AFD
4647790FF9E9AC3CD84D67CE96E98FE1FC45526F0B1CED5A8E6E1117342DE6B5
966B2B006F3475210B2293769BD5119042D8D610BF2A98A8A749F99F54537A76
BAE6FF65A536DF5C93F04CBBFE4736375CF9FE05CD4444D0DC75D5A19351AF7B
E3708E72FDB3246E2ED29E8E2D1DE84A547C72450185FA82E066369D37467725
6ECA1771A162DBE738F68EBE829C6F4297DCA6AC1C58072015551631C88DBFDF
1887D5CE0726800230AE561F8B37880C536F39C70FE9A3FECDAFC92DBF5726EC
8B4D486AFED75AB1FBE9468E449CAA33D450D68936A5DC20F9E179438318F5A8
CE9D51AFB937162E7DDD1AA3292C17BA791657A7EE7DC44E80D363B0A0A26E03
F6DD84E89D28D7C1C3ED347AF7FD4816B66FBF56A4A551776FD3DBBBAFBFAAA5
A99CBA77634AC5FBA9A02B8289E14FD064591A9C1DAFBBA02F44125B931ACC5F
B94304B22DF6D09845415B0FBAD0F206E809EB721B7D57B4538A364EC470CFBC
3D9D30311A4C98976498DE7B6FAF7EA6385B2F6BC3F913517083EA1A03BF3A37
28B17D9D90DDEEFFB6FED93911508F48424A2C7EF96FF5F7C2BE572C6BECEDAE
9895E3364C10ECF70C24CF1F16C4265E4AE26E8118AD1CA54D17E0E5E1DC3E54
25A65F2180CADDBD660CC16034A000CB321E3F55C07039A5DAE31B9AFFB2A33F
E85C43EBFF2216229FAFF16DA8B2E91272C20A3D44BD9D1613347B80FC96D23A
E84FB08E2C4AF42E48C6DBE656C1593E1DEC2E3C5C5719AE12B5507840D27383
5D8B266561EEEC730072BB24DC7E734DDF6B8E725E9205AD2DA26A517478AA2A
531AD334BC428F48586FC2DAEA9D262B673F5F3FCC1EE33C0FCA58955E739C58
75306B3CE28A091645670B38846F56D438561B84D7DDD7FCD31A7023916E0079
FF95D359F472198BAE4628F8097C984B094C5601B8BF3AE95BD8F7ABE1BAA6A6
A4E073756A2140A266B01B1D31253FA57BE714282F88960BAF37AA5DFE4FBBAE
9DC32332D7C578C5
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:16
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTI10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-163 -250 1146 969}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000828 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBXTI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBXTI10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 18 17:46:30
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMBXTI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMBXTI10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-29 -250 1274 754}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000771 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:20:57
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSY10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-29 -960 1116 775}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000820 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA052F09F9C8ADE9D907C058B87E9B6964
7D53359E51216774A4EAA1E2B58EC3176BD1184A633B951372B4198D4E8C5EF4
A213ACB58AA0A658908035BF2ED8531779838A960DFE2B27EA49C37156989C85
E21B3ABF72E39A89232CD9F4237FC80C9E64E8425AA3BEF7DED60B122A52922A
221A37D9A807DD01161779DDE7D31FF2B87F97C73D63EECDDA4C49501773468A
27D1663E0B62F461F6E40A5D6676D1D12B51E641C1D4E8E2771864FC104F8CBF
5B78EC1D88228725F1C453A678F58A7E1B7BD7CA700717D288EB8DA1F57C4F09
0ABF1D42C5DDD0C384C7E22F8F8047BE1D4C1CC8E33368FB1AC82B4E96146730
DE3302B2E6B819CB6AE455B1AF3187FFE8071AA57EF8A6616B9CB7941D44EC7A
71A7BB3DF755178D7D2E4BB69859EFA4BBC30BD6BB1531133FD4D9438FF99F09
4ECC068A324D75B5F696B8688EEB2F17E5ED34CCD6D047A4E3806D000C199D7C
515DB70A8D4F6146FE068DC1E5DE8BC57033D79919697C81395D5B94C3AAAB11
52D73937B8F82D3E2E764DA1B3BE273CBB84E4B1919CC1D5586C21F6FC23BF1D
82DE5A8DFA3E8F5C25622AAB9F7A588532D13C663079C8FB84DA6BD4D2DEDB2F
84CE30D0F188EEA26BAA650B1AA18C7D241CC179AE82933C45A82BD57808E2D8
032E1ABA37E4FD8E27AF35326011B8BD7FCA4EA71B5FDB60F7D63D0874B77656
F289B324BE95E33A9B732669966C96E64C4840A8EDE39410E6F6F0F027063530
B760AECC1594FED97FDAF84016D6D7CD8358E062040143593FD734B7EBEF810C
6B1B941E0676910D0A04466C27EB62523967DA65748264D137D8ED841E3D36A8
06761884C9AC0DE7C88FBA06B933E311EC28B17428C69C796E3F14C6E7CF97E7
9FF2559E5D1F9EA00554A5995096075ED8901E2F45E76B2C5566E947E41294B5
9BC17D2F1AB2C577F2710540F7235BB4569D2FEE06C8E45C8A1C0BDCA78A43D5
7A687297D36E269B9EC59754EDB5DE481018BA228AEC200DD877D3E5DA7159C6
50F4D7348BA64508F84DAF7FCF01B8C5ABFBE5861D4B32F9E32C7C4B2B6EA064
F179E8F62E3A59DC65FB475A3DB61C36E43AB3EEF286A50FD5F57277747CB7B7
78284143B3F0196437A1DEC9E61454F80C6720D8008EB945799236677E7FA331
E091CD5D924C48EF02DEB2B54D8EE02897C481C815C24F15A7548E2ED908E3DE
3763983CE2ED0A86B6BB97B4626F1AAFFAFF27CEF18947AF2EB40D7124A122C7
6A6ED9E0528A29F7A238DB73B95869018D40674CEDB9A993B6C117FADE48A8C5
C6ADAE4960C0D56F3E30ACB38CA8AA8443166BCFF6A5FC2177C6836859CDE55B
E0F1E80605C8670AC34DC8E8586ACA6E1CECE99C53A42C5730
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSL10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSL10 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:40:20
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSL10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSL10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-62 -250 1123 750}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000798 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Apr 26 10:42:42
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-4 -235 731 800}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000832 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
D9D66F633B846A97B686A97E45A3D0AA052A014267B7904EB3C0D3BD0B83D891
016CA6CA4B712ADEB258FAAB9A130EE605E61F77FC1B738ABC7C51CD46EF8171
9098D5FEE67660E69A7AB91B58F29A4D79E57022F783EB0FBBB6D4F4EC35014F
D2DECBA99459A4C59DF0C6EBA150284454E707DC2100C15B76B4C19B84363758
469A6C558785B226332152109871A9883487DD7710949204DDCF837E6A8708B8
2BDBF16FBC7512FAA308A093FE5F00F963068B8232429ED8B7CF6A3D879A2D19
38DD5C4467F9DD8C5D1A2000B3A6BF2F25629BAEC199AE8BD4BA6ED9BBF7DABF
D0E153BAB1C17900D4FCE209622ACD19E7C74C2807D0397357ED07AB460D5204
EB3A45B7AC4D106B7303AD8348853032A745F417943F9B4FED652B835AA49727
A8B4117AFF1D4BCE831EB510B6851796D0BE6982B76620CB3CE0C22CACDD4593
F244C14EEC0E5A7C4AC42392F81C01BC4257FE12AF33F4BFEA9108FF11CF9714
4DD6EC70A2C4C1E4F328A1EB25E43525FB1E16C07E28CC359DF61F426B7D41EA
6A0C84DD63275395A503AAE908E1C82D389FD12A21E86999799E7F24A994472E
A10EAE77096709BE0D11AAD24A30D96E15A51D720AFB3B10D2E0AC8DC1A1204B
E8725E00D7E3A96F9978BC19377034D93D080C4391E579C34FF9FC2379CB119F
1E5BBEA91AE20F343C6420BE1E2BD0636B04FCCC0BEE0DC2D56D66F06DB22438
452822CBEAF03EE9EAA8398F276EC0D92A7FB978C17805DB2F4A7DFBA56FD6AF
8670EB364F01DE8FCAFBAF657D68C3A03112915736CEABAA8BA5C0AC25288369
5D49BD891FABEFE8699A0AE3ED85B48ACB22229E15623399C93DE7D935734ADA
DA7A1462C111D44AD53EA35B57E5D0B5FC0B481820E43222DB8EFCD5D30E15F9
BA304FA879392EE0BCC0E1A61E74B3A1FC3A3D170218D7244580C7AA0DC65D19
741FA5FE6F8CBF60250ACC27454BBF0897CA4B909C83A56672958752ED4B5E79
E18660764F155E86F09EFA9F7685F2F5027EC85A775287B30E2069DE4E4D5712
E7D033481A53A2702BA7542C71062173039030CF28D8B9C63B5596A9B42B33E7
D922944A38713383D3648A4AF160A3B0C8F3379BA4372BE2E7EA49AABA75AEEE
C5DDE1D8BF68483C3D21271280ABB91D54CC819680322EAB72E1250A760BC8DA
726405EFE420635B5B7F0B48752C06083E92BDE06401C42A2C528C8A60381227
CEBEF0C9440DC034DAD9C19FB27DB399BDAEE22053591D6538587C768C1B7B0B
7D1E222D2D8AF3A6473CC4C0D6C3E0DB49068CEB8C9BD1C5CD486A50DAA10BC7
7D6286142355E3F21DD254E27C00C442728A0BAEC9D3F17AE9CE320D365152E9
EB0D5E3874F2BCEDA98521D23FCFC30B4B69DAD2ADBE80E5964ED0ABEF6C73B6
DAD30E2C5061E3747FE536E1A5D190D028F2130AF608F5DDF9DDDF1E77DC8437
ECB3EC93B33505DF47884DDBD1DC6BBE4098DF04A29AF6FA3AE344600D0AAB53
B3820DD7ECB600A3B8001C51AF2CA7A39AE1485A087FD1752DF68F55B52B4DA7
48030F2AA7E570B3D56C4EAD367B9B73FBC0A7356253233006178B9A6BC19081
B815B5988AE76FE6FAFD7AC239072B1106A3F509381AAEE79B2F2154CAC4727B
D199CDC8B4D05DF4BA006982512ABD7539E28D937B0F87FF79A3F84C29ECF943
A8DCB8BDF8EA9E7A0E7CD60BC2308C96B3E889C797D0FF28FF4847016B3DA141
E76FC6BE78A6EE9CE07E651FF86E720A1A1F075972D36E5C55162E3FE26BCE3A
814BFEB12D4C5FD24340CFFED499C7CA183E57EC4F12CFFBE3291D43F7270575
C6C3306F832EF182ADD0AA14C4D8669A17C09F632406AFA195F90C4DDC39779E
EC0A77E590211592D6EE19563963225C06C2F13265EBB5A6CFB7C17D9E77650D
11958305727AF662AE73AD0E3ED5F7E7086C5A0C3548A8129575980B06C715AF
DD55C8DF869BED0A7883491030B1A7E82C5EB04E5A7D952E716DD8F2EF6275EE
087614CFAB55FCE2BBECD7E8D9C90FD8359E929D5E0A416A23BD58158318B4FF
87B095EB63F7F052B3A77F136FD66EB2C52BD46CD7DB3091A4B78A607112B12C
4D171B2A00B78B0E1C44B0D90C20D9244281F5123DC1F6063F91E9E3E48DE78B
C862D848BAD073A4FCB5EEC9FF54B5AB8E234CCC3C7439C62ABC4A13EF1B8897
ABBF21F900C564C9A305FC36FC7224932F766E6E72C2EBB55953DFE2AFC2E3FD
33A0C6F0FDFF086E9FD796E7242596AE85B877223532667625E371D2156E4C04
0D7FFCD3337B93DF066CB6FE1E13960719EB7CB409EE805C08ACD2C06303ED9C
E34C898787A43C1B428B896551C6FEB50A831C6F8CE2073EFC662EC286CB7555
A3B42E58772E82FEE206948B8C439FEC5E4ECB9E11DC3A4CBC7611E30890E408
637A01A2118441B4F9467A98BB2A1B03BB2F5D8E3DB7D1D15C188D9E856088EC
B762F07B1C06024F7EF53A2FBD60C0A1F4C0275D07164545250ECEEF8CB15B04
A2D8AC44DDE818C4E3CBD2A5FA0FE49750886CD7CFAAF8B780255F89DF7F4F5C
BB594FE7C1597DA71813C2952AD3E811524459EB71D29696B450C924B6A5C843
8F36A0F1D7DFE796FB9564333666D74AE614D0D698FAFF20F83C86524C894BB0
272221C060544F3B653CB0E4E4F82B20D7530B3806E6A5830852C58070177815
E287C847F19F64E854F1463C23DDD80093D6FEB8BAA22C5F05C21F99FBA7193A
EB7CD49CFDF4308C6C68CC955A45FCFB54FCADA9A3BFBDE086B057DE88BE335D
280F5338D7E66AD39FD08F9B55884F1F377FB6869FBABE3EAA4B7ACCD85BE672
724B4B8F236B0889B6E7049CBA558A89F17863E82DF145DB8C7ED1F36332DE23
3C0053B74E850FA14F9EC9EFC23AF18E153CC96FB0FFD910347370E57F0D81E9
4A83E2D189EE5635E85A2BEAB5B1CB974546BFB2FC2ABA1E15DC0EC1BB3AF1DB
B2F93538B92F504CBD7AAFE36F5F3AD45EB16378F169B17869FE81464CB826CB
400D2F5441A496B6C60A4F15FD20ECCAC1F8F91015E7E1C1A10B7992A1554E52
9FBEE905A3005336E49CB04BA7223F1674C0BBDFA06ACA34F7BFDA56906E04A7
4DD79EC7E79B021A5008F3B1E04712D689366F520B0FA66A558F957011992728
561BF4B75C2BE07C4024C172085E51CCC5CFA439F570297154CDDBB3AA25CD6A
3004B936488851BA1E814260C06CD5479DCAB1A6AE21A5F4563024F973D738B4
0DDB6C6DD2E3AC21B4F6D95CF9AACA782919F5D3E613D61F3224A982AF485C8D
EA0037410EB70AB7D3EC174C6D5DE5C9C5A1220EF7C2B74499ADCEEFF077D1D3
50C1124535F88C3C3F66477E42F1932665AD323E06B398D2805B9CEA632F5B1E
50FA587B102A35E2F15EC22DD66E4DF06A3F4BB717A3ED7FBBE2458EB4D896DD
AF00D1BC71FE1CCA27890ECBF9F0AF01D3E65CAA29427FAF06B3BE1E640522E0
73B213D04491B93DB29113EF72211E31F4C5A7FD58451946CFC15FD805112FE2
547D1131A46710DFB75659A33695FFAF3CDD40AE5260AD6766DA81DAB0A6E96B
E89D57AAEF32B5EDBBE9F7CC033BB2595CA3FEDA2ABAC8E5395EBC35BC112FE9
67EAF1F123228538091483050847F8FB5194203609502D3A09CDE811EADC18B9
F039593782C27EFA7697182D6367E88E326AD5622C5A457FE2644FEADA88615D
9DE3E483BFD9329667953CDB86F9D2F0D4F02DAB8A98FDEB1D17CAAED9B6E2E6
0C55C1FEE25AB98FF59FC235876029CE03E4A713B75B3163BE3B2DC0D4472DBC
473E10400C0F57E627AE97FD0C1CB0F78FD8E2FA831A3D2B1C2BB3F2D4E812A4
194C8732B0C525361DC8480CB27C30CD4DCFF01318D2EB4F5234B4A42EA8C23E
7B3EECA41B8E4F54D5458B37EF0FB2F49EB19F4EA8AD2B53820FA36E93DD309E
48847F5C01B1118ECE7D0186E6B8953344EB775D655AAAD7BCDA642EA2E39A15
855C027CBC0E3FA752900EEB464E2D39404D1B85072B40834748C6F9C74C5B6C
3CEDE988343FD984CFE4B856A481E60E2E65D3BB41BAF2FA80AC0BFE381071C4
573C6ED65C524FF777F34D82E9661E4A75E3878CC77BC59218244612219C5A92
E95B90EC2C38614665550026F1730D11162F19D841681C04C401E102C047541B
97B9264D86F47E25A347696AE5EF0FF3ECD9BA32C92901DEDD816F7D73ED1216
0A98771892472CD625A8F7F19DEFCF5CA2AE57F8AD3898F2C1005B187DEC6F2A
A31C32720EBC934178E0E9979013B3C9AEDA4051DF63D8C903A399DC88F83DCB
A73F1B2083819D1BBEA5235F8FE1D098F32A2BA6274424A99A4975FE4BFD59AD
79B40A8003CC0AA728EA79D6BDCBBD73DF45B7918BC099C5BE4A068BF64A30B1
C39442CED98AAE1BD495F6CA32D564A72E3BF753B49E4178927E4BBC0F06048F
96DE7C30AF580B0BFFDB330B3B87D7F6532A24F403680BD9F15E758CDF04EB94
E83C7E644FDE5BEE7CE73EFAC75669E41BDFB20A5B8ADE1137378DD8102A0DBE
19499A623770417CBF5211395A6BA9F4490F4707A46F1F9B3FBE642DEA0CA053
9ABC307B1E71DC2B069DDDBB4EAE378BCC75AD61DA900AF8BA6DF0E27A8D2258
DC80205305AB6ABFE3726703E60869BFAFF1874F3C0E05FAD9C05D7D89ECECA9
DD2AF5F777D7514208697E712B52448B364D3ECEFD8127043DDC9D0757B7CC37
5CDE8001D007A6E961EA24D7FFC92410F3B13A32946F12A50DFFA256249BC8D7
C1842FB84AD51B41008EC4604F6B70990510EE13E6DA34F864A572D99A13FFC7
3609EF2BB1FCDEDF37A6018248C545E086EAD1BA1143E74AC60B684E755E59E7
36557B915F92EF78FC177621D49F777A2AF39F3C2AA6EC74750AAAE08BCC21CA
A71CCDC91DD45E6050D83ABA49ECE425B55EEE137C55619037F1C30530BD0A6E
CD2004B6A040405064D7E87C55536680364E09248BFAA3FDF95CDA0708E55F4C
F7D0A92A93DEE0C7B69638F171B28B7F854CCC6EBC6AEE14864BF5144EA36D46
A9C297225AB0325E28EF6BD06D7E40E3A724EA1E50C4C6163B195CFFD5DD291D
D7BBE9AF4324A69394117EFD62F08D6BA6A8F0AC3E2353492999AF28FBA758C3
A50B6840CC72054355E6CBDBD86F683537A4115049BC1616BA35C2B0B6F5CC32
3F6831DE4E6029310738DE23D36D2C6E82F04EB675FB89789F74AFE3B8854250
51812FBEFBCF162947554324FADAB765C74B6DA89F60A734076D44BBE45263B1
3FEFEEA90EC7948F23F34D4049087AF6563692417DDBCDD5A9552A373C2528F8
0318D3C0669279F292127CBA40B0ABE08A1476BC9EBFA8BD5D622BC5CE7DBA20
C689BDAF50D5B1EAA89E296787CC53845DB2BA54FDE363DCC98A7BA256663869
E9E02E09077884DF1A2A41AA698B7EDE8DAFA621B552DDA91AD1E671D636FB36
91C62B4D2D4112F2C169E0023EB7521F570CECC54ECA5EBA462049AABBE2ADEF
E3234BFD71B26DFDD9D34DFA69E5E80FD90406E6505A6798F030A4B5172A7BC2
C9B765A86ED55C0590E0432719BCD7BDE7CCC7F6B33BD467063D886276C8879D
E04897A4623111C14A1EDBBF69E2FEDDFEAEB2A785C6D2F0711DF4B93AAA291E
7F4E0CF9CC3FF0D31953C594DAD014097DA02CBD5AE8828C7E7B5BDA09188B05
0D7263F164E1E78CC430ACAD1E8FA71001E9BCEFAE47C79846916A5F819CA366
5734089BCDD458CA1A9E8E17BFF357A91F9A7A8A6E1DEFB121353AA80F1906A5
AF7CD2E59EE6776FC0DA6574DA0DE522918CAC4E566F13FB9B64EFE79F3A3BC0
689E3B0676741C90FF3BF85C7A0FA9716F4ED0E329512B66BFB8AEB56C3DD6B2
24F8D6E23751A8485F7EB46719E9D22618FEE86D5E01ECCF4C6E74368A8E9B49
245D80E7484DFBC916FB2447852B36EF3F99A82B6C106F786707D7689DCD7AEC
A0C51AC1A3F67034C16B74994403FAE7743BF02149BEBEF554814BEF31B79184
3FAB4D2C887E1BEE81B465D12DCDDAD03DE5ABE9E763C440B2CFD42FD16D96EB
C21FE788C8C2688F79F148AA7090BE64B0EA710D376222FD1590301BA9A2E715
D33B8C1D95F2589AB0EE476F7046537E27DBBCDADEA1E7357C9D7FA92C2F93A6
7BDDF58A44966590821023380C97CDE37EF6D449E35EF32BCA6E69DC8458511E
8DC8AB63171A6018AC9A334829E5978484C4C6E917A5F1C254E6669F4037C691
36980250A80673E0F18C9E0FBA1E5CCA3BE30B8E7B7188062B25F8E1E16528A2
F217C18D6A1955482E5463FBF097ABAF7314E449C6FEE56E2695407A8AA9648C
61AC2BF3B2D9CB6317A9B16CE931D318C8BC9676CD908505568C197D90C2BB46
06431C999EB68C8216409E4CABACB2BB34A05B697B9DD1E91471A404B4969519
E25209EF4EDD420944BED17B18DB3566FCB8059699FE416789191EC2B35086AA
2E10C139E3C9FA0A535DEE9255A867A26656213E85851DE5F51F9780D3A6E572
F1F5CE64DA176CA810799DC1C60A8FD2A5ED42E613021A19928EC4572059B2C1
EE441E79CDF7DD4AF7B6E3D3230419ACAED329388044B107DCB4DE91B71EB838
904B1F969738BBDA064FFE75C6623639BE9924602DDF0C166B433B9D54ACDA5E
018680477FB8F10621FF32319E58DB672D744959A33E7314A1B3CDE0C038F7D6
0C8A195AF191E36B0325334A711CD8E25D9C1D257E46A734779E486567481108
E0281DE96907D460546578DE83A0A01A9ABF64402B48DEF739F4308E14145753
719CEF720FE5CF8DAD7845E74D502B69DC18D172C3A27411259B8042F3FF82C3
B157BE242C351830255CF0EDA96577375A70657BD9A2E9FFC54AF0AE563D73F2
E510279FEF48D79F5F7745DBB492F1D74DA738E6A4FE4364799B5BEC93B4CAF6
B06B9B8C8D164F8FA1FBBA693204064F2C1806C39910910E02ECA8D092558CB8
33338B359D56483B7B99A1D8137204EC1AE70ED3D75881FC3B00BB9349AD934C
81A9F285312FDDC77FA923B18B1873D288C2AAF2E6D0AF90BF25A982B843789D
5662D6A2DD58E065026885601ABED4B09CAAA3116DEE6B430B15BE0A121FC1BB
FDEA5A501F0798CFFFFEAB5101E707F1A00C8E014A3561FD39972EA9AB108EBB
960AEA7FF60C301AD6CBFCAA7D35CBF6F8462A4D76C4FBA6F3DF6BB762DF7900
9F69529AB4EAF96C2866444B257160E8822533A7A1240C83EC18C364F577407B
4CB314678D2511735308A1660AD94B8B818CEA4A3DC00C5A1C978F8BB4E0491C
49328F6CDF95BF620AE53056364423841D84418B23C2A447B0CCF8D8633FE2E8
4A4AC1C6C74627EECDC994059F1BAE9E6B10FA80D767B3FE97BFFAD413DCB0A8
495039744B48266278194D60422D6E7C74D0DB45ACF217797D0C0678EEB60759
6231438CFEFB346553A7A447B50807EBB6E885B5A49CA9A350EC4A8C76EDFBB3
A4DA1C9E3EFA193CDF08553302998F20055C84420A4C5252F764CC4B7A4BEF6A
A09170EC417B296DD9E2301CD8EABE4A087E648E0525A9FFAF26374C47FDC123
82F18C9884843864F418ACB08041E7896FDD395225532460A8194A8DB4DBD824
1C68C6665F85059E365EC0972EC6465E2D8867449907DA6692A021F026F437BD
D02654BC11381BB6557663E0B0B8C4F2FF69E4776F4EABA69311BC1AF8155F7D
6D3A418BDC912CC7CF1A4BBC8A1376D8B4DEEB6585416959BCA4AA08D4520C33
EB054DE53140992D0707210593BE62B3659E3E493C4562C2E99CECA143791DAC
679896BCDA0699E405957E17DDBD243E65CDD7C9C8629F29A2078658746A7779
0F75BE24E2DDBB672B95F26366BAF036B3C23BE4132D7362E76D4183A469E0F7
29174711ECAF4FD9A923E72FE58DF2854C5537E3626317D471D1E8A922C9BBA4
CE9163A4086AC4A231C2BF35FBC39A5BBCFE41843CAC7D81A054509D31572BE1
596E0B0B563DF2BF0E57DB4943DAEE35CA26C8433FEE4FC61145C77F65DADE75
62DA18DFABC7F4194906F53884E62E77D8AB3E099776AB93B2B4D0C98FA44C71
597202A2643942795EE8CE098FE26F1AF8134F1E75FAE18D563B1FF43A511C9E
EAFB9EFCF61490A1A4FD2CF354927B72C5EDD5D62B2F3F5006D6130562A13BCB
1B988A994A8D68B051A5A821CCD5D0F8D9D49FE7CD04EECCFD7A554CCDFFD77E
27AC4AB5BF9FE40F90EBD066C483796CE1A364E95C5E0CF2154834760522F128
B2DBD1F4F73347D42635B2875A23597C35A0823CC6F71E49598125411BC9B2C2
72470D36DD967C947AFB031BFCF770FE50551A134DF8C5D1AB1F09819569A57E
E23D4E87C0B52CD02B0A2E3FAA7D27A94359E82AF047756BB769BC5950A75207
78ABD49D174F2F69810AFFA9336A52D6B93B004DCA5CDE58475C0210E0BA1D20
FD4FFD6838EC56A0922472D4C4EE0CC481574BC30618179E733EA40A48847E14
A75BE7717CC5DDCB5B0718074EAB6FF07CFFE794D335B3A13EB968EA8FC5B08A
13B38AD1C2C964E4B07E90B9732C458216B028E07DD593A5B767A2B415EFE7DA
951FC07800F11C7E2EF9BDD152BC6815B7F32117F49FE08BD79BEB949003512A
327F3F8FAE1767E7842348BA4373649F1A21DB2C56C081BCF9FA4EA86C8DFF00
FF45C4F1386CF8C2C4120F3F6019CEBB639F2D272D08C1763A470D4BF6330DC8
43C069A6333113C3A0C93471486EFE9BFC02B760C7CBB2E9156087D09EE8A178
5EF50B34994094C3F0015EA2ADB6C920F4302FDEF128711994875551C4E883E2
DDEFFAAE11F2234AFDD96400BB69C1B4E6EFD75734C586A10A54A98E7D790F28
DEF7C7DF61FB23BF91AA700AE585EBDE74E215DA49F4ED466F46129022722086
8884D8E026F35C4BEE7E866DF8E0846D5EC3534069B713FAB02D4B4EE3B44E1B
656F30D629D40AA1337786C1FDA08EA1217AFA4A6E2498B334DAB5461A70DFBB
5AA5686C89FFA4EE82D81CE2B28334DC5C032487CCE998616F48150BA1281911
076E626E5BFCC56A0A4CDC559F878F14C2BD7A5148C1D8CC303FF9EC473354D2
D4FB0F0F2AD0CF182A28074ED6552E179222570DE0E0D44E8FF4DB36C3AD6487
C4BA53C8548714A69FCF8E3E5202F09469D7447C6519AE902C1D611A720BAFB5
59E27A6DBA73624F44B4ABE0988BA3450F82E03521CCE8EDE8BE7EE1223B575A
DF9A52650E85545525E6F121FF2D1531F156EA9D5594239AEA2CD09EE28ACB15
A445E11FD1C031188DB61881F474D49425C084489A88A47D681EA68E7FC4B1F9
DBB552063A02A0EB51125E9B2CC646B940D46FF457415F9565892DEAC030F08B
E4C10DC38D825C7597394C844CB863CE6C843F67F2E1C42C4EF86AC7FB727BF0
224B5E91BAD99CC6638AB2C64469A81D8B1789981872ED037B3A34BDF3130137
80FE80FDA65EFBC11A08B98A1AE595F980B577E22D3CB7FED1D4016F5290ADF5
47D7D9BAFE39F294582F2C084003E9C83FDB9EBC87C8B477CB8BB359EDD9BBC9
9368D6605E1468A20909831BF602EFCEC0D5EBA99A2223E5A269275C8B221B3A
F9226654185929F794E1979ED18B4CD36152F973433AC67BE24B9D953254FBBD
B644CDF3BF0E29A2C72113DC486E46DED2CE8F8DFA8B0F8478D1F18C9AA8E054
A31C3DBE84ECEDD85DF6AF9467AC2990ECAA3384FBCA1BBE598AA0D6813C859E
1520B88BF30ADA910A6AC3068A5B8CFD76B7F0F6F4AF4C32450D628B5320C384
F23A2B5E8756895584155226A30F8B0437E028978491DCD00E79C0ED58DF261E
79B9DA17E57AEE03EE92102EAB2D63E69A88EE0B1E2087ED0C0CF6475EBDC3BE
0324D1FC8F7B90D8D807533E5436F2C2583B9629EC390403437FDAC908557894
03054A6DD6A3586043A9C8BFD0C7EDE1229DBB9F69F7A5D20F55664D061F6517
0051C6B3CD7338241FB403F2AF77DAB1A8EBE1650156D40863EC1957372BFDEA
BA8D0BB1193CC5BEB5A68C8274802E14FFA3ADCEBE19070325B1BDB960CF2988
C0F5A9BFD843C515ADEC8B8AB02B2891EDD7502D9F28F4E58D8F67D1ACAFD0C3
3531E0C7D1554344CCF90AC8696E83A3F968252981CAC09653956F4343B99D3D
4F17CB8BBE4506B354439B70F2024871D16668F9DECD8EDB872BE5E6ACC406F1
1DF4E3ADF60EFED57D1C426292970199BB663405236C6A907B6891C6190E87F2
78D9142220FF295C7BF44AF61470798FB8CFBEE6973C69DA1CC24ECB058AA753
DDBFD92FBB15560EA19D5D92F0005B74F06F0EA5901D231996E0866389DCA433
E62BE48479687084C1D67BC592E592939F806FA8BF5F0D3F644B1FA6F056DE0D
51D3F212C6818CB6166317058C2A0C07AE2E324CD90D4EC83CF4819B10CC348C
6DBABA024A5FCDAE6E288F82DA060BCD16437F07DCA43BF1E5A1B402F16C78FC
075BEE900B4021A1019C4A5ADC33230047FF11FDE8FB775DDA267040A22B4E5D
6012F7E72B8BC8DD3A81369A08FB81C6C4873C2147D03D4181D6D8032DD2B610
9C44CAB50C5BD8F489EBF01C72D4198B66EEA4E976462F8874143640B82AE57C
A51EDEDE75A9A55D31587C14F8DEFFE69F75EA7B95BF725CE9991FB2F07AF568
5AFEB39447B728B99BE0502BF28DE1D92B15926BE4E3DA2E7BB44A24836A97C6
EE3A2080E01DC6514180DAF9C055F4C94929D34F193920020505E62804461630
9F42C652F9D5681C91BE23DCB0C634247E739135F925EF3D5424767D5F5C5879
C46F2E3395E2B49D282622FA4C18475FC52BA7AC4DB7C1AAD65352E66DB9D962
AB975C01CC6490490F35CB358D77DF26703B356F5C5D80E25091CDE93B39BC22
AC7F7CC6FBCBD39C39F7F8B41B3286CD39D6DE2E6B2A9AC1D2EE8AD1FF53AA85
C34B2BB3A2E385B980FB5F35A1BECB5596FC2FB2209828F3C54D01B3D867B391
033A752F4AA80C91775F9CB9BE939C850B2B322FA948907302D670F2302DAE93
B5F8D2B835DDE001ECEA3B67BD3D620BC6D1E325C4B355985A129CBD6AFFD2D3
5147E4CEC0209A8DF23ED77AE818B88A3696257268536CEF2DA90202ADF21C34
07A0383E17206532F5F71061E625F3199D72E461D04F4AF18AD91B8A09E37E5A
46D2E5D3634C508197C6CBD81F3E2BB8C759E331AD1CD54FCA815B92207579D5
B248F2A1BD2B725117C76FE754F5D3CAA9F642D29AFE61DD78ACEB9F1DD67764
0AE3E795C8016E150C92CC4D2EA682D6808DCCB4F24724541F856C29B3ED24D6
64F1BFA439DD155E53F06FEBD8DD73C7C2D933CF70D9001707870C2D06EAB2F1
649B32FFF09C7A1FA4C2E7EC2B3CEAEF12515CD401C582A315906EAE1A0D51B8
1BF625E07761AC2BF59A28B7840E8833410C7A3CCFA16E32A0E90E0FDFDC46B6
7E073A5957E59E58B33CDC146394FB7C860EF5CB1CC9871D3783D189B1A5EDB4
1BD462A5AF1CE8BA67D096CCBA709C49A6EA7C1233C125155D8FC7E9482C8EED
E15A207196E74C9D2C19CA96CB1B4852C3DB5ACFE88246F0325169DCCC88F4B8
8BC213413EC95D2E3F39329B2165A0D1E3B4643C8AC58C126AD9E71B02B8A04E
D5ED3F93B60A7D1D142A4CAEFDE0FD1C0778B3F9E2CEB4E0058D714FED13EFC0
F4BC2FA09A125652BD936BDFB3B9C83C182DF3C329E060E983D054410928E4E2
DA66453101A4D23BB5FDF7D67051BC92152A687620C9B653CBE6160929FBC393
BCDD07F0010CB35BD030CB5E13A4AFEB7DC0DD5D89F9A638509AA2A4DCB83CF5
DFC0873FCAA432F351D88B35DBC6129A44A35CB2CE4308979F474921590FE9B5
45A4F50C799BFB555A1674D1E49CD81DD2EFF2A409626569C64B9C80B5341EAE
50A011D7BC615F2BD6270981E2D66BEBB017EA4B5E9DC2EF8A7D059C94CDD2D1
2C2C80FE9E086DFF9682C1BBD31EFC52E60625FD854280CB6717225D2FF35582
CC3B9924635593248420EE48AC47332745597A5E542C2C375E947BB80F463C8D
54FADB19A7B5993F39D9E07875785DF6342617F718A660F6A27C9642717CEC01
D9DECD957E3C8CE1C0CFA3F2F02796EDC1CBE35E7F12C3CAF968D8EFB5F09588
4277CDD2FB8DB2CF43C82980C9CD75599416218D7F88077B6B7CB579B7331D1E
2ADCFF01EBB0A43FF5C78B5F4CE0F183FA66DD45BD9E950738FC3E78AB286B70
FC45C628DD2DD70F8C33E99AD2F3A82389FAE546138FD8609EE51BF337C50EDF
A4666AE87E764F38A99EA91F0CE63D72CBCB7B8EDDFB72AB57270F33599BE69B
8C7A9F15B6704240A719A1B2B8E662B5F479ED331FDCD7EA86179971E0F193DA
27DB7DDD61EEB68D5F5ADDF0827E7A961D0F35D943C89E46909EC09B3D02FA88
10E8D8B85474248CBEE142D33C5CC24CA4923CDED8A4A5028D585392DD1BC8AD
61CCE83D7D2371A5AA76F87642C10253D00EF336FF8C5B14BCBEA473577333D5
5A858CCDC4D51A715859FE3DC0B79BEDD3187ED7C579615394354C46AB860C4E
13D26ADD1D09B3B86FDDEF1D5232B618B6A8636BDBE04E7187F4CC624CF2BC9E
38D39A393A0A6E42654329BB2F5735AEA951A1642CF093B06BB7656A23B9A9C5
487947A4419B1AC4EDD7FDAF7FD0DB8FBA10E65AAFCECEEDA53D3CA4C5F381CF
8A15DE4D52EA901171C5AC8D8D402F6EC75E898E0756BAD7F206311E74101055
730DA667F74E9AD40BBDA833EA7439EC939381EFE8DE64917CBFC4E4C0A96A2A
069053049D14A8CA33ACC6900C37CE589DEEC5CDCBC4153C0DEDE51266091DE5
E417ACF812AC380EFB7523EAECEDC133D2368C3916A92B85EAAE86CE9CE912AC
94749AF7E040CDFFA2EA2B78875EC3BF0E72C228B2C68ABA783E9EA17663CD76
70CAD683E416E6863D21FC2A42F1BD447CAA62A66CAB6DE56B193B3D83FB521A
82A7C3F08190BC10217F7EAB6876354320F1A63885479B1EC91750A247CB51B9
1D22EF0D19D48C9893E0716A64ABF1A54700DD9BF0BB498EC874B2266B6E86C3
2D273A2969F184B9023E83CB245FF9F484C9C37E70BFF61AD20EDB3C2DCCBD3C
38716C5AEA8465E87C3E9F4B9884AC9E213817E102B30691D25D808388A3C4DC
8894BA463F8E0F5E3406BAEA54BECA95E934C8E019AB014B13A618D68A89CBC8
3F76AD4C46060C0FF3D0BEE87082294BCEC05BED477BF02BD9F8D62ACF3AB816
30A0846A3FDCD885E4F310D56C332CED12A279154275A682438ADA6970E18CFF
F66012252726FC421A3D772DDF7867ACA38E70DDC25255283E72918772DED8AB
AB05ACA6477F6FB6D2C2A4C35D7CB877C2F07B6A3E113468B53356947B0EC500
FF3ABA15ADC0466BB9333C6A1E73EBDDE53986FFC8F44ED9A1136BF27A599F28
414C8A71B2893F248284DD7E0D887A1102357CD8EC4E034C7736469DAD3BBBF3
45F0231D7C29DC8D0A62CF4ABA718BBD7D985513986B93B599C912408BBB2BA7
DB96EEAFE84D1C6AD71FC59216FCE27E179BE74FD7007FBAB1AE2A9ECD11F1FF
4396A13B7EE4FE5727E2142AEEE4E39941F02E54BA6730086B9FCFA6A6D00B7D
BC6AA1432E129289B05C34A0B68494019D387AC6161B6585B2266DCF37DC63AE
1CAFE2F3EC9E584981468CB2B1FF77C7FAF3342B72E260E15B558974BCCA35E1
4D9040394866724F140857AAAB68BB9EE785787A857D17CBDB0F4CB00844FFB4
2244AAD459ECCA522F5C590976EDDA6900919CDA0FE66DC39DBCF1434FD7EFF9
194BEDAB53F7580D169909C31D6FD38EB7A79DD4426186235098A9F574E08DF1
A03F709A1FA398A545331FF9454622B4CF225E95753037BF7620FAB86E06A1CB
0B5FD5C82C3C2A9E2BDD2AEE6F3547033D5512045506D6DC0946AF56E87DD984
2BC92D8C6F1494E6A19CEC6E3CC20CC46465AA61DF9A9CB7D9B4ED157E3DC4BF
FF6B752AFD16943A4CA7B6954AD3C8E115055F0FCCED4A7A9AC3DF6888724A0C
1AC640EF479E7D502B2F030F2B43D51996429B40841CA139E8EAA87B6AE277AE
F8A4C55D4555BDBEE4232DFD1A468548DD2BE1193B3E0C7DE64A944973BA61A7
4EB28DB3AA37C5FA901A9E7DB175DAED17DB95E22EFAC77CF7D4B0885824825C
9B6C7B83BD0ECEB934797B49BC0F530F7E114C2B46D63DD7C56B89FE4A67EB3B
6730F3281453F8B12A13967F1FC1428ED836B7B74C88C893407F13CD9FEB37A2
E63D62D24F0097F41F756E706C376E1F85EA99FD6FA72611A9A92D3E49711516
42FCDD0AB37B61DC086B7CE1D4FC559E2436D1334B3FC6A45F2FBFAEA7274455
AC6715983EF884243D21C1FB3B433634A1B100DE7EFEDC96A2375C370F5F6AF7
88FF97C7F49A8716AC5BE715578FA60394A5AA3ABD91750D3D92EB2C20697852
A7701DE59D37A8FBE71FB85C8BB31BE3FB05443E7ACBED3CEB33379E088BA46C
9F00659840057537B0CBBB92106343FE7B22E1EBDF988D2EDDE8454DE5042227
B71CD978B414CEFD6CD9C3F17F11D325DFB90DACC1EA8D539B258B36A67AC1F4
A3151BF7CC34F987932C469ADDE1FF880C6AA1638D11D339181C3AB485D9531C
ECB30F18504BCBD1432123AAF1A20B45DD783C4BDE3D9222B7090F20D3DD0CC4
46EDBECB37892190C4E3099B2A5599C2969A2772D7BCEAEF5E68C7BF2FA00DE2
B955FB052E6C030D9077456494ED80A3E06937E0C47B28B92E3EE4E4D287C687
E65221A1F3D8D61780C7A9199B373087770136C43A8B2A15A288CC4E89B3D298
6F368BCC97D573BC587A0638FBD3618AB7AE3385BB12277EF891C06F6F618BC1
5376A53CDDAC8067BE854DE1C5E554DAD1D067B6236E24C71E05DD580AF904BA
B6085CC5FD0EF91C7A9D99E765C1A0C042508EE88E882121735E5A8FD6AB154F
9993E0FB801632B535E6855A2E957D1DC342AECCF2E3BB566CD687271DC01C73
C04F207F8C6294E0EC5C4644C8FC359A7DE5656D49965F7A4AF7D4AAB46BDE80
7AAE6A0B0A1F737E075FD15984BDE06E06670A676EDDB0FD7BEFACBDD16EFB6D
78AC731178AF94A77470EFD8F327A15F1A03300CFC19C9A9C90EF1388E9FF702
5526B6990D2F8AA2DB72A1B19043045121F02D0212F3E892D1B13601E8324493
BC4FB860EABE27DB73E5828FDE47C2D83E5505DB2C8491612605DC988F84574A
5152E8F40CF20B26BE241B1036C9BF67942A8664398F43C4A5F1ADE0EB752D34
1201D0DEC34EA95609A2DD65A7F761A0BE2FAB352F7AB8BFA31D559D39BC356B
E796188AC31E0C512B37AA9637604C6656B10F0BF5C8F083496E3FBA6F449420
C05C5371B16BA0B047F450104834C2FF96ED9E66F146D19E807B4C1C78746CF2
C918DEBFA52C49A4645CCB2F3C5FF2E4588DDD1CC6832A7991CBCF3D3387992E
4DBE05C65455EFC9D3F88248B27C5B83DBCFB13E72B24B9A13DF66E68CBACA95
BEC7C0A6E2CBEE404259455688DA4F512A2AEACA619C2CB1FF20546200F164C9
DAAD09F2CAAD9A9B05FD59790FB8B892B9A72B3A04F9443EB216E762AD9C0695
B966BC2510652F31A1DD10AECE493329982E3583A7C106E8E4EDF7186574ADC4
CF2227B520ED9DCEA96D8FDBA7E227219DC13DEEEF8958EA602FCB52DEF6F9A1
589C659AAA7A4CA5D78176CD27F7328BB71FADE61224866B756C78329BB6557A
3B003E15B66A6C307023282FFC3EA63467683B1428DCE51B2D5BA418661A4DA4
BE4E35945C93F22D9B4467B2A20D1B282724A02D9032F48F2829868163989995
1B866536E43B6AFD8090ECD4AE576A28CE2DC7BAF04111701A71EF4C3B8E8BA8
8AFF6E096BCFEF20DF3BF29ABFDC2507896D53E3AA48DDCC77BB58D85A3515FF
BA5BBB0A44D4FE8580838AB91BA337CE461B537EFCB0D4BD968D0CA8F4B808FC
3ACB08AF1C580C634AE27123E50E7E42A8C861667238A52856A66E9BBBECB160
DBDB1DD426A2F76CB8C7890320F7DF50C9FE89ED1405A59721D11FDF2FA2B048
83B77C164248F7BF436E2007AC9BB4F27BD8FF62C4ED9D377F2044D2F5F63420
1D9935BEC227187942805B7A66342044F54692D71C820729691709CFE6720A1C
6DCE3E05095351635827C6C03B1E67C9CE546E5D464B6E2F608CFBDF7EBD0280
04D2C1DD0AB53E75E0C4D2864D793E617477F3A308E95D68E717790B3BA4B4B6
9CDC5B978CCA0A52FBF14D7FDB5AAEA8AF591CCEF944D9757163370A95394324
8AE2885C1F9FDC8D5365811D20355BAFCCDA0722057A229D9609D5DBCAB0C3B7
354B8A0432FF196F4B5DE84BF7B7C799C5772D9B1FE97ABBA646916F7081B98C
5EE2019F992CD1611956B9C500F89DD6610224371833D0B85319EA50CA5B6797
DFF2EAAD1A190F32CCC801C06D40DB4978646590FF40A943C419BEF1C1E7C642
1CC1F33899247BF8B830FE58A2F0B93E5F011BF23A54782CA0EA09A0BDCC10DF
7B688287D2D0DA736A9194F070DDA4D39248DEC41CB441A4225602C87AC3F7CC
780120F4F92E65ADD62FEBA9F5D8AD1029AFC86EB4D8AB729B17E1AB21E5A07A
DA4AF13BB3C02B9CDD7C063741D0E79310D48D7A435D8904F87BAD143BE8E521
A51D6E7F3D348A3512C2D315BDF1A68D87FE3DE03F5D95E440B691AEE8C7DED7
92189FC58C20E36FD72932BF07A921DFCB5C444F180D78F7CC5B83848DE155A2
F3E47F45F576CF59C5D46ADD277B0DE74778F11F999F3C2B6436CDA253033328
65D0BDBE877B644A4A6685C239921821357CFD228E9BE92C21B3428D693F48EC
058CD8C02C5EEBE3957A671555703F01E430A5CDAFA3A95155E6750A4CE39D1E
A89F19195788625B26FE693F312CBA53F08DE5E3A2A8C29FD7312A92DBF79C73
0BC7A31C9D1945CF8578672F586493132463032964C629E0CCE49647DB95EF33
CB434C8816E0E3427A0114F795F8A0C51CB2AEAEAA62C98CED7B87024BC16B30
40D997940650EAE72BE6323F1697205F608091BE8AF08A9C91089C120420B3A6
68FD09615D986FFD06EEDD39BBAC9C4C166FCB9E3657D88FADEFB2EAD4941591
4420282BE836A4CCB74476114E2979CA9CDA9845668DC89B04BA0AD91CA46BF5
F91F8E677815B3D2CACA13A3C7E62BA3FF44B35E957A0BE4A1EDB4DE5EC2B42B
CC427D4E8B8907C7F0E3B82E960663456C1AEC4C2B275A1EAE6126BB5A802238
1830D00CCF43963C8CA537D24D7B8A8A767E978DA955613A819AE1F5A0D12BFD
378B8118EA7ED73D6914DA71C0FD41620151A7CAE1AA36625E98A25F72D0CEAD
F48F4A822862095EEFA5FEA97A7A72047985E455F326F94F65F9B8ECAC0B2A42
58396F7F3C4211EE320CBBE9280B08ED54171E44D8973256A286AF41730A9A7E
A88FC1F92509135434BABCA88CEAAA2ED499E2F3C316529DEE9D024FC1F92FFA
69D8BF95AE1A5ABAD706442CCA15D352D10A03384B06DB6C31AAE831013B32F7
53C0D21ECB615D0F08BE01C0E7FB1F23715A10CE32F1E33CB40292CEDF59A4A3
4BF715EDABE23B4D1FCFF71C40550249A03235D307F948D462944BF685530035
1269AA516F99D95618B24B07A8D2E56F1DE82C5A2336263C46F329A5AFF5AB23
FED8E1B05B07935581816B5A3F3412C403DCD207A1F332C79F17B711442DF1CD
7A54B90653F78C0180FAF33C82BF371D56CCB71CC73B9EB2BB10E3617FB7E0D8
C8AD510865216E44B6D2D3B2A02178A42766BBE1F738402C6DCE694307C8EA63
25CCB6D7298A2200C63CEE67739D14270D1898C495361504B38A15F81057B129
89835CA35A523E2B848DE47F50EEE2062050522B8C6E4EE0C3CDF8EA7E878C1C
387B5BA7EAED5E890CA1508413CEAE9370286690BDE5A96E89E916A8A81A90CF
223797B54F0C408044F035D1BCADFE1850DA6EEC5D61211A543741C36CA5A14B
D5402FE65382DF64CE4072E5A532F009D156287866C0035953B5AC4CBFD33EB6
AC1123A0D0B8AED978F2D9B7EA1923C104237A97AEE2263163727E98D22CC5FF
BDC0352C9BC16ADFD1D4DC968882D53DCC5E7ADA2CA2FD67DA972CFF17735833
D4E0DF395B0F5F8038E4B70D6CBB8DA85AAC12D8C9B63EDA42066977FAA79121
43AE6F4692A9F7F88DC200D049FBAF35D776BDBB0B89811F2FADB8224690902B
2A6E146A133A517CA12386AC920A4543A0F6CF05A9071074CD157C133EA7A7BC
4E6A2874A6699DD65DC25C5859580308316E743B8938ED9DFAEA61E1F836D2D5
F13DF35A82339269D80A1041651CB4A28B4608D0E2C326F01B698816DD20541A
5D01822C865109022872230FC18DA7A7B3BD858712AF458F4D17F3286303F837
954F784FF3CAC74E28C5C633A4581AB32C11B9974BDC0FC47F546A9F81FDC281
6495A1229CA0B91B63E491842BCBFF262DE9556EFCBAE22881466AA874904438
A57EE59D023A2D3C6EF7D5478323812CD8719A14AC99D480ACFD5CC9DC5C13B4
28E43CC9784386169BA06D306E25C8D1BB6C0C325885423DAE98B7B74F477768
6AC27A297360C8530142BC1E7DEFA726C2A6B191442BD7CA8936EF73087D8ADF
6C9A1557BCA49C69E33081FD3F4766092F00DB3C7DC71CC151DEF1EBA8D9001C
4F11AB87091DB2646CCF6D480B6E71E7106581A0509FA55E8326A428F3A2865C
94B3A88660C35B24559ACC697DE7DB5729F33D1E72719D38CA6BBE24D3E6A0CC
D291719268709C7AA1B4F00D42A973164E573827773F5D476D5FC2C915937065
66C6F51D1E9293BE96E0E16AF71E5A26A64FB07D29D5548FEE89DC3A6CB98388
5505C882BBFE323D4E7483BB1F5F75D9332C8FA1C75628FACC6F6C9CA2065DA3
A69E213ECFE3B1EC646DAF1422AA8E8734B028314EC6318ADB331E25223E4C1A
1312A03BC70E0A390F9F07A15E46AF1F39F561BF65790669866A9444D72C4D57
181AD91B1350573D35122EDC10EF57CB6505EE89148D8750704A036F9B80078A
D6DE659C19193236E531DEF598D972D826379B9C675A8CF10B3977E7088C717D
A211BFCADDE1B91C9F79B3DB488C5EEF262F0524E6F82BE7E5D94B58953E72C9
63F6778919F1F2126404A2E1EF9397773BB32C0C4EAA1B8E02BBE3E9FC75546A
072611BF1D5DA8360AE0E2B199288F690859D9BA2720878301E6A358D26F04F0
D93B36441077B89CD9ECC805B87BDD1FF13E6E4426C1CCA3E9F4141B4D268A07
02ED31E3EE96C6E62DA983E9DDC28796995F452F5F1B9635DF1914140006FA69
AE2D0C04D504E4B735B8BF7A5CA4ED496D56EF87389EDCD78B6870951F963F17
A4A9E2378830CFD1B0AFAC64C93203C083D580D0DC575A69E5F2A318C35C4052
FFFC7F4EC5DD7556DF2CE165A362FD3BD3BEB568C247569F18FD85B5CEBAB263
9B7F1E9B5886F07E9E3BF192E462659944241030D9375DCC40E1D744CCCD18CB
5A6595A1976E3767C0F1829F76F220A335A5EC49A6E099F7288FB1A415DE05CE
F41FE8AF2DB82BE6B53EC82A0AB3FF14ADD98F5AFD9B68B76F5199BABA5436DC
921C36A6AC8B245BE2702A7C036216C82E81A775D1AD068FF106789CED865D64
A4FAA7861BF49C52065A1C9E52AFE9A0CC9BBC8863B902FA5DC046A645C3D72E
E28FA624B18103C9782123D6AEB075E22B0707348C15159D1A3002B2822F3269
129457B3FBDE1DD4E148B77D75A50A0A063D541DC4D00E1500E5A19BEF09BFCD
C36D7E0B60BC2A745B50BD7B650536C563AC305C0AB63389BA4E9AB11A171D6E
36EBB5CCA1A06960173A865B7BE57336C18BA87710092A12C88A4BB739A070B1
92D1D52A22EA87E84B9D70A0C8764F48076F7C381E2FEA4DD8F9A86FAB2FF56A
9FCE5A47BCFEBB78F4248513E9F117A50DF41F14379F9D61EE774F109162B87E
A3F45F36EEAFFBC1EB63D796FE6D4FAF2D16B3807E4BE4E54F9779FA01EB853C
B6DDCD9773EEDAD35F4795D90D17BE66400B31A2E4C3ECA5B5282E22CD2846AD
C1D46908A493998F17D13A2416D4671F956398EBFD075FFC676F4BA9B8CD5BCE
391B45AD842C43F98FF8FA42F6ADAF4C429DAF025AA7383F4CB0195CC514E804
C47FC3217159F58E174481B4037112F219F4E7CD8816DD332F2596109AC3E46D
C38E214ACBA5A55ABF5177D53782E2CE38763618ACA0E461B0B735AB5A9DC1AB
B92F8588E3362F24202F163DB7CBB3D24A06620F0D75F621869A97DFB8678ABC
EB57767E94672F51154F22FFF68EDC69279603BF5499F58B3BCF5ED32848F42A
78A029DD1F5950DA3C6C4E7CB911C69A88075E14970EF23ACAB307D52A627EC4
4359B28C00D05ADB4EB726FC31B0335E7C2942A851870D3520C5C96A4F1F834D
584D92A454BAE25D79F2984A708C864B853B24A303F4EB132BD9DEAB438BCA65
78864ECC83C746D63B7CF7B5CF1B9734E102007F9A0954EFB8550C43A9410168
2D21E28DE211D231EE4A165EE129F47D07186048A152496E4FC9CE844FE45903
076F6D4FEF780A52BCC56D8435A3949DB75C12F1F62CDFDC521CBCEC2554C460
F700716A202A10153C800797C00F0162A14B8CB0E9B355938039773407738B57
6380CAEAC0AA2AD724739796A9485D12ECCC0F3546F46D6040372B6E811212D0
88758DF06DE11650C52F3C178CBE912B749351F065468DFFDCA9A01E14348D98
EBBB9A7A168D1C4EEF97AA0C20FE37C3B3CE1CFD53AB00F5C7FA394F2123CFEB
7A1DC68E7BA6467B2578EA2B00847F6BE6E11F77AD6EDAB10AF837551B81D429
AB185372A6E567B73C56378A023AC24D83BDEC508CEA954A2609F0BF06389A22
8F8D4ED71E2C0B202B68C0597DCB2421AA163E77CEEEA6908CD7F08B5DBFDD28
DA55017714ABD1C98B5D5C8E01EAC1FFB4D4D00D7879B6EA44DFCF7C73EB1AD7
0F8ACCC9A404496F769F5DC79FA1C28FB86F3C863D3B5961406B630D87270C63
84FB51C5A8060B7E59211E3953A3FA571008D3677E8CED908A8BA2C7A0FBE6FF
ADAC7053ECF03073C33A681065B5013F1F39E4D63CB657FC9DF6763440272B45
0E908CBA727375DCE5D479B7604510D081F452E30AEE9335635BAC3FC4B4516F
714A5D709BDB673A0E4C4A7CF7833F8011B1632F03B3C5815E4C2BC44502ECFE
5791A5A92A8EA997530DB13A5BB2C9B8DC2E60D18FF029A88F63103AB54E9B52
D08F82AFA775AEA9E0354C77F3442019698A08D366E88435A5FE1C388CCBDE65
94A41A384AA4B4E47CA54D2F37B8B80FC3485EA95B33DF87A4A5CF313325C08A
76C669C86AE536AE345D7E5A3052BAA92DBB827FB877A1EE8AB6914F672C37A2
9469AFD84800A913AB4A1F681E7DF81E93B9C34076B32D03BDD8FFB2036A6035
86E4CBDC20263AC0A990AFAC2EBD451CAB04EB66542AE984D0E610CA79FC3268
CABBD8F91E8DB1AD7E81C13B5E9C682C679D48E9DC94DEDDC52A68F76DB57242
1628F8941AF3B433B8A780C209DFA18AF329E93769DDDAABB87EB1FF71CF2401
F3162EAB20883AE2423E84E05BD0A4D3A4BD1A3627FEBACF14E1245ABC8B378F
406C6FD1C60F2B02B72DB5449582C0348B4DB66CD1B1800A27FC41DCC0F1B9C4
E6ED1E83A78C452A4B55AA0A93EBEA6CC4618FEEA937695E6513B7875E4EFCDC
643A87DE5F11B40ADA5D5A3D0F4245D5F8C8CB8D6E22
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:52
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /.notdef put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-251 -250 1009 969}readonly def
/UniqueID 5000793 def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec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%%EndFont 
TeXDict begin 40258431 52099146 1000 600 600 (bashref.dvi)
@start /Fa 130[62 1[62 123[{ TeX09fbbfacEncoding ReEncodeFont }2
119.552 /CMTT12 rf /Fb 133[34 41 41 55 41 43 30 30 30
41 43 38 43 64 21 41 23 21 43 38 23 34 43 34 43 38 8[58
2[58 1[43 57 1[52 60 58 70 48 2[28 58 60 50 1[59 1[54
58 7[38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 3[21 31[43 12[{
 TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }54 74.7198 /CMR9 rf
/Fc 209[24 46[{ TeX74afc74cEncoding ReEncodeFont }1 74.7198
/CMTI9 rf /Fd 134[39 39 2[39 39 39 39 2[39 39 39 39 2[39
39 2[39 3[39 19[39 27[39 39 2[39 45[{ TeX09fbbfacEncoding ReEncodeFont }
18 74.7198 /CMSLTT10 rf /Fe 129[39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39
39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39
39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39
39 1[39 39 39 39 39 39 1[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39
39 39 1[39 39 39 5[39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 1[39 39
39 39 39 1[39 39 1[39 33[{ TeX09fbbfacEncoding ReEncodeFont }81
74.7198 /CMTT9 rf /Ff 138[39 27 28 28 1[39 1[39 2[37
22 4[31 1[31 1[35 5[20 6[51 39 52 1[48 3[44 5[46 48 54
51 50 53 15[35 3[24 5[20 39[{ TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }26
66.4176 /CMR8 rf /Fg 150[30 30 104[{ TeXbbad153fEncoding ReEncodeFont }
2 74.7198 /CMSY9 rf /Fh 135[61 2[61 1[46 2[56 63 5[30
1[64 2[62 52[55 47[{ TeX0ef0afcaEncoding ReEncodeFont }9
99.6264 /CMCSC10 rf /Fi 140[56 3[56 56 1[56 2[56 56 56
57[56 45[{ TeX09fbbfacEncoding ReEncodeFont }8 109.091
/CMTT12 rf /Fj 134[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 1[48 2[48 3[48
3[48 1[48 1[48 1[48 48 48 1[48 48 48 1[48 48 48 48 1[48
6[48 6[48 48 48 48 2[48 2[48 2[48 39[{
 TeX09fbbfacEncoding ReEncodeFont }50 90.9091 /CMSLTT10
rf /Fk 134[65 65 89 65 68 48 48 50 65 68 61 68 102 34
65 1[34 68 61 37 56 68 55 68 60 34 6[93 1[127 1[94 85
68 92 92 84 92 96 116 74 96 1[46 96 96 77 81 94 89 87
93 1[58 4[34 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 2[34 41 34 4[34
26[68 72 11[{ TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }64 109.091
/CMBX12 rf /Fl 135[56 2[56 54 42 55 1[51 58 56 68 47
1[39 27 56 58 49 51 57 54 53 56 46[50 2[50 1[34 45[{
 TeX0ef0afcaEncoding ReEncodeFont }23 90.9091 /CMCSC10
rf /Fm 135[42 1[42 1[30 37 38 1[46 46 51 74 23 2[28 1[42
1[42 46 42 1[46 50[28 33[51 12[{ TeX74afc74cEncoding ReEncodeFont }18
90.9091 /CMTI10 rf /Fn 209[43 46[{ TeX74afc74cEncoding ReEncodeFont }1
119.552 /CMBXTI10 rf /Fo 134[85 85 1[85 90 63 64 66 1[90
81 90 134 45 1[49 45 90 81 49 74 90 72 90 78 9[167 122
124 112 90 120 1[110 2[153 97 1[83 60 126 1[101 106 124
117 115 122 7[81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 35[90 94
11[{ TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }52 143.462 /CMBX12
rf /Fp 200[0 21[91 17[45 1[91 12[71{ TeXbbad153fEncoding ReEncodeFont }
5 90.9091 /CMSY10 rf /Fq 134[48 48 66 48 51 35 36 36
48 51 45 51 76 25 48 28 25 51 45 28 40 51 40 51 45 8[68
93 1[68 66 51 67 1[62 71 68 83 57 71 1[33 68 71 59 62
69 66 64 68 13[45 45 45 3[30 2[45 27[76 1[51 53 11[{
 TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }54 90.9091 /CMSL10
rf /Fr 134[71 71 97 71 75 52 53 55 1[75 67 75 112 37
71 41 37 75 67 41 61 75 60 75 65 3[37 1[37 1[102 102
139 102 103 94 75 100 101 92 101 105 128 81 105 69 50
105 106 85 88 103 97 96 102 105 64 4[37 67 67 67 67 67
67 67 67 67 67 1[37 45 37 1[67 5[67 112 1[41 20[75 78
11[{ TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }73 119.552 /CMBX12
rf /Fs 129[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 1[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 33[{ TeX09fbbfacEncoding ReEncodeFont }93
90.9091 /CMTT10 rf /Ft 131[91 45 40 48 48 66 48 51 35
36 36 48 51 45 51 76 25 48 28 25 51 45 28 40 51 40 51
45 25 2[25 45 25 56 68 68 93 68 68 66 51 67 71 62 71
68 83 57 71 47 33 68 71 59 62 69 66 64 68 1[43 1[71 1[25
25 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 25 30 25 2[35 35
25 1[76 45 1[45 25 18[76 51 51 53 11[{
 TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }87 90.9091 /CMR10
rf /Fu 138[108 1[76 79 3[108 1[54 3[108 1[59 88 1[86
1[94 14[144 4[184 10[138 66[{ TeXf7b6d320Encoding ReEncodeFont }13
172.154 /CMBX12 rf end
%%EndProlog
%%BeginSetup
%%Feature: *Resolution 600dpi
TeXDict begin
%%BeginPaperSize: Letter
letter
%%EndPaperSize
 end
%%EndSetup
%%Page: 1 1
TeXDict begin 1 0 bop 150 1318 a Fu(Bash)64 b(Reference)j(Man)-5
b(ual)p 150 1385 3600 34 v 2361 1481 a Ft(Reference)31
b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(for)d(Bash)2428 1589 y(Edition)h(3.2,)g(for)f
Fs(Bash)g Ft(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(3.2.)3118 1697 y(Septem)m(b)s(er)f
(2006)150 4935 y Fr(Chet)45 b(Ramey)-11 b(,)46 b(Case)g(W)-11
b(estern)46 b(Reserv)l(e)g(Univ)l(ersit)l(y)150 5068
y(Brian)f(F)-11 b(o)l(x,)45 b(F)-11 b(ree)45 b(Soft)l(w)l(are)h(F)-11
b(oundation)p 150 5141 3600 17 v eop end
%%Page: 2 2
TeXDict begin 2 1 bop 150 2889 a Ft(This)35 b(text)h(is)g(a)g(brief)f
(description)h(of)f(the)h(features)g(that)g(are)g(presen)m(t)g(in)f
(the)h(Bash)f(shell)h(\(v)m(ersion)150 2999 y(3.2,)c(28)f(Septem)m(b)s
(er)f(2006\).)150 3133 y(This)e(is)h(Edition)f(3.2,)j(last)e(up)s
(dated)f(28)h(Septem)m(b)s(er)f(2006,)j(of)e Fq(The)f(GNU)i(Bash)e
(Reference)i(Man)m(ual)p Ft(,)150 3243 y(for)g Fs(Bash)p
Ft(,)g(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(3.2.)150 3377 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)602
3374 y(c)577 3377 y Fp(\015)f Ft(1988-2005)k(F)-8 b(ree)32
b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8 b(oundation,)32 b(Inc.)150 3512
y(P)m(ermission)g(is)h(gran)m(ted)g(to)f(mak)m(e)i(and)d(distribute)h
(v)m(erbatim)h(copies)g(of)f(this)g(man)m(ual)h(pro)m(vided)f(the)150
3621 y(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g(notice)f(and)f(this)g(p)s(ermission)g(notice)h
(are)g(preserv)m(ed)f(on)h(all)g(copies.)390 3756 y(P)m(ermission)k(is)
h(gran)m(ted)f(to)h(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)38 b(distribute)d(and/or)g(mo)s
(dify)f(this)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)g(under)390 3866 y(the)j(terms)g(of)g
(the)g(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)39 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)h(License,)g(V)-8
b(ersion)39 b(1.2)g(or)f(an)m(y)g(later)390 3975 y(v)m(ersion)28
b(published)d(b)m(y)j(the)f(F)-8 b(ree)29 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8
b(oundation;)30 b(with)d(no)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)28
b(Sections,)390 4085 y(with)i(the)h(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)33
b(texts)e(b)s(eing)g(\\A)g(GNU)g(Man)m(ual,")h(and)e(with)g(the)h(Bac)m
(k-Co)m(v)m(er)390 4194 y(T)-8 b(exts)33 b(as)g(in)f(\(a\))h(b)s(elo)m
(w.)47 b(A)33 b(cop)m(y)g(of)f(the)h(license)g(is)g(included)e(in)h
(the)h(section)g(en)m(titled)390 4304 y(\\GNU)e(F)-8
b(ree)32 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)g(License.")390 4438 y(\(a\))39
b(The)f(FSF's)g(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext)39 b(is:)56
b(\\Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(ha)m(v)m(e)g(freedom)f(to)h(cop)m(y)f(and)g(mo)s
(dify)390 4548 y(this)32 b(GNU)i(Man)m(ual,)g(lik)m(e)g(GNU)f(soft)m(w)
m(are.)49 b(Copies)32 b(published)f(b)m(y)h(the)h(F)-8
b(ree)34 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)390 4658 y(F)-8 b(oundation)31
b(raise)g(funds)d(for)j(GNU)g(dev)m(elopmen)m(t.")150
4902 y(Published)e(b)m(y)h(the)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8
b(oundation)150 5011 y(59)31 b(T)-8 b(emple)31 b(Place,)h(Suite)e(330,)
150 5121 y(Boston,)i(MA)e(02111-1307)150 5230 y(USA)p
eop end
%%Page: -1 3
TeXDict begin -1 2 bop 3725 -116 a Ft(i)150 299 y Fo(T)-13
b(able)53 b(of)h(Con)l(ten)l(ts)150 641 y Fr(1)135 b(In)l(tro)t
(duction)15 b Fn(.)20 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
60 b Fr(1)449 778 y Ft(1.1)92 b(What)31 b(is)f(Bash?)21
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)51 b Ft(1)449 888 y(1.2)92
b(What)31 b(is)f(a)h(shell?)14 b Fm(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44
b Ft(1)150 1130 y Fr(2)135 b(De\014nitions)37 b Fn(.)19
b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)81
b Fr(3)150 1400 y(3)135 b(Basic)45 b(Shell)g(F)-11 b(eatures)12
b Fn(.)20 b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)57 b Fr(5)449 1537 y Ft(3.1)92
b(Shell)30 b(Syn)m(tax)22 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)52
b Ft(5)748 1646 y(3.1.1)93 b(Shell)30 b(Op)s(eration)10
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)40
b Ft(5)748 1756 y(3.1.2)93 b(Quoting)10 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)40
b Ft(5)1047 1866 y(3.1.2.1)93 b(Escap)s(e)30 b(Character)24
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)53 b Ft(6)1047 1975 y(3.1.2.2)93
b(Single)31 b(Quotes)15 b Fm(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)45
b Ft(6)1047 2085 y(3.1.2.3)93 b(Double)31 b(Quotes)15
b Fm(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Ft(6)1047 2194 y(3.1.2.4)93
b(ANSI-C)30 b(Quoting)18 b Fm(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48
b Ft(6)1047 2304 y(3.1.2.5)93 b(Lo)s(cale-Sp)s(eci\014c)32
b(T)-8 b(ranslation)11 b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(7)748 2413 y(3.1.3)93 b(Commen)m(ts)25
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)55 b Ft(7)449 2523 y(3.2)92 b(Shell)30 b(Commands)23
b Fm(.)14 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)53 b Ft(7)748 2633 y(3.2.1)93
b(Simple)30 b(Commands)15 b Fm(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)45 b Ft(8)748 2742 y(3.2.2)93 b(Pip)s(elines)14
b Fm(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Ft(8)748 2852 y(3.2.3)93 b(Lists)30
b(of)h(Commands)23 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
54 b Ft(8)748 2961 y(3.2.4)93 b(Comp)s(ound)28 b(Commands)17
b Fm(.)d(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47 b Ft(9)1047 3071
y(3.2.4.1)93 b(Lo)s(oping)30 b(Constructs)c Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)56
b Ft(9)1047 3181 y(3.2.4.2)93 b(Conditional)31 b(Constructs)18
b Fm(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47
b Ft(10)1047 3290 y(3.2.4.3)93 b(Grouping)30 b(Commands)13
b Fm(.)h(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)42 b Ft(13)449 3400 y(3.3)92 b(Shell)30 b(F)-8 b(unctions)8
b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)38 b Ft(13)449 3509 y(3.4)92
b(Shell)30 b(P)m(arameters)20 b Fm(.)c(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)49 b
Ft(15)748 3619 y(3.4.1)93 b(P)m(ositional)32 b(P)m(arameters)14
b Fm(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Ft(15)748 3729
y(3.4.2)93 b(Sp)s(ecial)30 b(P)m(arameters)f Fm(.)15
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)57 b Ft(16)449
3838 y(3.5)92 b(Shell)30 b(Expansions)20 b Fm(.)14 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)49
b Ft(17)748 3948 y(3.5.1)93 b(Brace)31 b(Expansion)e
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)58
b Ft(17)748 4057 y(3.5.2)93 b(Tilde)30 b(Expansion)17
b Fm(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47
b Ft(18)748 4167 y(3.5.3)93 b(Shell)30 b(P)m(arameter)h(Expansion)18
b Fm(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)47 b Ft(19)748 4276 y(3.5.4)93 b(Command)29
b(Substitution)f Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)58 b Ft(21)748
4386 y(3.5.5)93 b(Arithmetic)31 b(Expansion)12 b Fm(.)j(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)42 b Ft(22)748 4496 y(3.5.6)93 b(Pro)s(cess)30
b(Substitution)19 b Fm(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)49
b Ft(22)748 4605 y(3.5.7)93 b(W)-8 b(ord)30 b(Splitting)c
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)55
b Ft(22)748 4715 y(3.5.8)93 b(Filename)31 b(Expansion)25
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)55 b Ft(23)1047
4824 y(3.5.8.1)93 b(P)m(attern)31 b(Matc)m(hing)20 b
Fm(.)d(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)49 b Ft(23)748 4934 y(3.5.9)93 b(Quote)30
b(Remo)m(v)-5 b(al)15 b Fm(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Ft(24)449 5044 y(3.6)92 b(Redirections)24
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)53 b Ft(25)748 5153
y(3.6.1)93 b(Redirecting)31 b(Input)11 b Fm(.)j(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Ft(26)748 5263 y(3.6.2)93 b(Redirecting)31
b(Output)18 b Fm(.)13 b(.)i(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47
b Ft(26)p eop end
%%Page: -2 4
TeXDict begin -2 3 bop 150 -116 a Ft(ii)2612 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)748 83 y(3.6.3)93 b(App)s(ending)28
b(Redirected)j(Output)16 b Fm(.)e(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)45 b Ft(26)748 193 y(3.6.4)93
b(Redirecting)31 b(Standard)e(Output)g(and)h(Standard)f(Error)954
302 y Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)54
b Ft(26)748 412 y(3.6.5)93 b(Here)30 b(Do)s(cumen)m(ts)13
b Fm(.)k(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)43
b Ft(27)748 521 y(3.6.6)93 b(Here)30 b(Strings)10 b Fm(.)15
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)39
b Ft(27)748 631 y(3.6.7)93 b(Duplicating)31 b(File)h(Descriptors)17
b Fm(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)47 b Ft(27)748 741 y(3.6.8)93 b(Mo)m(ving)31
b(File)h(Descriptors)15 b Fm(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)44
b Ft(28)748 850 y(3.6.9)93 b(Op)s(ening)29 b(File)i(Descriptors)g(for)f
(Reading)h(and)f(W)-8 b(riting)954 960 y Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)54 b Ft(28)449 1069 y(3.7)92
b(Executing)31 b(Commands)25 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)56 b Ft(28)748 1179 y(3.7.1)93
b(Simple)30 b(Command)f(Expansion)c Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)55 b Ft(28)748
1289 y(3.7.2)93 b(Command)29 b(Searc)m(h)i(and)e(Execution)13
b Fm(.)j(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)42
b Ft(29)748 1398 y(3.7.3)93 b(Command)29 b(Execution)i(En)m(vironmen)m
(t)18 b Fm(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47
b Ft(29)748 1508 y(3.7.4)93 b(En)m(vironmen)m(t)21 b
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
50 b Ft(30)748 1617 y(3.7.5)93 b(Exit)30 b(Status)8 b
Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)37 b Ft(31)748 1727 y(3.7.6)93 b(Signals)10 b
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)39 b Ft(31)449 1836 y(3.8)92
b(Shell)30 b(Scripts)21 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)51
b Ft(32)150 2079 y Fr(4)135 b(Shell)45 b(Builtin)g(Commands)38
b Fn(.)19 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)82 b Fr(35)449 2216 y Ft(4.1)92 b(Bourne)30 b(Shell)g(Builtins)
16 b Fm(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)45 b Ft(35)449 2325 y(4.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)17
b Fm(.)d(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)46
b Ft(41)449 2435 y(4.3)92 b(The)30 b(Set)g(Builtin)25
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)53 b Ft(52)449 2545 y(4.4)92
b(Sp)s(ecial)31 b(Builtins)22 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)52
b Ft(56)150 2787 y Fr(5)135 b(Shell)45 b(V)-11 b(ariables)10
b Fn(.)21 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)55 b Fr(57)449
2924 y Ft(5.1)92 b(Bourne)30 b(Shell)g(V)-8 b(ariables)11
b Fm(.)17 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
40 b Ft(57)449 3034 y(5.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)17
b Fm(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)46 b Ft(57)150 3276 y Fr(6)135
b(Bash)44 b(F)-11 b(eatures)31 b Fn(.)20 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)75 b Fr(67)449 3413 y Ft(6.1)92 b(In)m(v)m(oking)31
b(Bash)e Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)58 b Ft(67)449 3523
y(6.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(Startup)g(Files)c Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)55
b Ft(69)449 3632 y(6.3)92 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(Shells)14
b Fm(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Ft(71)748 3742 y(6.3.1)93 b(What)31
b(is)f(an)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e)j(Shell?)20 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)49
b Ft(71)748 3851 y(6.3.2)93 b(Is)30 b(this)g(Shell)g(In)m(teractiv)m
(e?)10 b Fm(.)18 b(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Ft(71)748
3961 y(6.3.3)93 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)32 b(Shell)f(Beha)m(vior)22
b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)51 b Ft(71)449 4071 y(6.4)92 b(Bash)30
b(Conditional)h(Expressions)20 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)49 b Ft(72)449 4180 y(6.5)92 b(Shell)30 b(Arithmetic)f
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)57 b Ft(74)449 4290 y(6.6)92 b(Aliases)25
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)53
b Ft(75)449 4399 y(6.7)92 b(Arra)m(ys)29 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)58 b Ft(76)449 4509 y(6.8)92
b(The)30 b(Directory)i(Stac)m(k)15 b Fm(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Ft(77)748
4619 y(6.8.1)93 b(Directory)31 b(Stac)m(k)h(Builtins)10
b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Ft(77)449 4728 y(6.9)92
b(Con)m(trolling)31 b(the)g(Prompt)15 b Fm(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Ft(78)449 4838 y(6.10)92
b(The)30 b(Restricted)i(Shell)11 b Fm(.)k(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Ft(80)449 4947
y(6.11)92 b(Bash)31 b(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de)16 b Fm(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)45 b
Ft(80)p eop end
%%Page: -3 5
TeXDict begin -3 4 bop 3674 -116 a Ft(iii)150 83 y Fr(7)135
b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)32 b Fn(.)20 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)76 b Fr(85)449 220 y Ft(7.1)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h
(Basics)23 b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)52 b Ft(85)449 330 y(7.2)92 b(Job)30
b(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins)12 b Fm(.)j(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(86)449 439 y(7.3)92
b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8 b(ariables)30 b Fm(.)15
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)58
b Ft(87)150 682 y Fr(8)135 b(Command)45 b(Line)g(Editing)38
b Fn(.)19 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)81 b Fr(89)449 819 y Ft(8.1)92 b(In)m(tro)s(duction)30
b(to)h(Line)f(Editing)24 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)53 b Ft(89)449 928 y(8.2)92 b(Readline)31 b(In)m(teraction)15
b Fm(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)44 b Ft(89)748 1038 y(8.2.1)93 b(Readline)31 b(Bare)g(Essen)m
(tials)25 b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)54 b Ft(89)748
1147 y(8.2.2)93 b(Readline)31 b(Mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)h(Commands)13
b Fm(.)h(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
42 b Ft(90)748 1257 y(8.2.3)93 b(Readline)31 b(Killing)g(Commands)20
b Fm(.)14 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)50 b Ft(90)748 1367 y(8.2.4)93 b(Readline)31
b(Argumen)m(ts)23 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)53
b Ft(91)748 1476 y(8.2.5)93 b(Searc)m(hing)30 b(for)h(Commands)e(in)h
(the)g(History)c Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)54
b Ft(91)449 1586 y(8.3)92 b(Readline)31 b(Init)f(File)f
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)56 b Ft(92)748 1695 y(8.3.1)93 b(Readline)31
b(Init)f(File)h(Syn)m(tax)12 b Fm(.)k(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)41
b Ft(92)748 1805 y(8.3.2)93 b(Conditional)30 b(Init)h(Constructs)e
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)59 b Ft(97)748 1914 y(8.3.3)93 b(Sample)30
b(Init)g(File)21 b Fm(.)c(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)51 b Ft(98)449 2024 y(8.4)92 b(Bindable)31 b(Readline)g(Commands)11
b Fm(.)j(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(101)748 2134
y(8.4.1)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Mo)m(ving)c
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)55 b Ft(101)748 2243 y(8.4.2)93
b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Manipulating)g(The)f(History)17
b Fm(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Ft(101)748 2353 y(8.4.3)93
b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Changing)f(T)-8 b(ext)29
b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
58 b Ft(103)748 2462 y(8.4.4)93 b(Killing)31 b(And)e(Y)-8
b(anking)16 b Fm(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)46 b
Ft(104)748 2572 y(8.4.5)93 b(Sp)s(ecifying)29 b(Numeric)i(Argumen)m(ts)
23 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)53 b Ft(105)748 2682 y(8.4.6)93 b(Letting)31 b(Readline)g(T)m(yp)s
(e)f(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Y)-8 b(ou)18 b Fm(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48 b Ft(105)748 2791 y(8.4.7)93
b(Keyb)s(oard)29 b(Macros)10 b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Ft(106)748 2901 y(8.4.8)93 b(Some)30
b(Miscellaneous)i(Commands)12 b Fm(.)i(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)42 b Ft(107)449 3010 y(8.5)92
b(Readline)31 b(vi)f(Mo)s(de)c Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)55 b Ft(109)449
3120 y(8.6)92 b(Programmable)31 b(Completion)12 b Fm(.)j(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(109)449 3230 y(8.7)92
b(Programmable)31 b(Completion)g(Builtins)12 b Fm(.)j(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)42
b Ft(111)150 3472 y Fr(9)135 b(Using)45 b(History)h(In)l(teractiv)l
(ely)14 b Fn(.)22 b(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)58 b Fr(115)449 3609 y Ft(9.1)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(F)-8
b(acilities)11 b Fm(.)19 b(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(115)449 3719 y(9.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h
(Builtins)9 b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Ft(115)449 3828 y(9.3)92 b(History)31
b(Expansion)d Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)58 b Ft(117)748 3938 y(9.3.1)93 b(Ev)m(en)m(t)31
b(Designators)21 b Fm(.)c(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)51
b Ft(117)748 4047 y(9.3.2)93 b(W)-8 b(ord)30 b(Designators)g
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)58 b Ft(118)748
4157 y(9.3.3)93 b(Mo)s(di\014ers)27 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)57 b Ft(119)150
4399 y Fr(10)135 b(Installing)46 b(Bash)30 b Fn(.)20
b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)74 b Fr(121)449 4536 y Ft(10.1)92
b(Basic)32 b(Installation)d Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)57 b Ft(121)449 4646
y(10.2)92 b(Compilers)30 b(and)g(Options)22 b Fm(.)15
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)51
b Ft(121)449 4755 y(10.3)92 b(Compiling)31 b(F)-8 b(or)31
b(Multiple)g(Arc)m(hitectures)12 b Fm(.)k(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(122)449
4865 y(10.4)92 b(Installation)32 b(Names)22 b Fm(.)16
b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)51
b Ft(122)449 4975 y(10.5)92 b(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)h(System)f(T)m(yp)
s(e)11 b Fm(.)k(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Ft(122)449
5084 y(10.6)92 b(Sharing)30 b(Defaults)21 b Fm(.)16 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)51
b Ft(123)449 5194 y(10.7)92 b(Op)s(eration)30 b(Con)m(trols)12
b Fm(.)k(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)41 b Ft(123)449 5303 y(10.8)92 b(Optional)31 b(F)-8
b(eatures)17 b Fm(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47 b Ft(123)p eop end
%%Page: -4 6
TeXDict begin -4 5 bop 150 -116 a Ft(iv)2589 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 83 y Fr(App)t(endix)44 b(A)99
b(Rep)t(orting)46 b(Bugs)12 b Fn(.)20 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)56 b Fr(129)150 353 y(App)t(endix)44
b(B)105 b(Ma)7 b(jor)46 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-11 b(rom)45
b(The)f(Bourne)419 486 y(Shell)17 b Fn(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)61 b Fr(131)449 623
y Ft(B.1)92 b(Implemen)m(tation)31 b(Di\013erences)h(F)-8
b(rom)31 b(The)f(SVR4.2)h(Shell)21 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)50
b Ft(135)150 865 y Fr(App)t(endix)44 b(C)104 b(Cop)l(ying)46
b(This)e(Man)l(ual)27 b Fn(.)20 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)71
b Fr(137)449 1002 y Ft(C.1)91 b(GNU)31 b(F)-8 b(ree)32
b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)g(License)27 b Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)56
b Ft(137)748 1112 y(C.1.1)92 b(ADDENDUM:)32 b(Ho)m(w)f(to)h(use)e(this)
g(License)h(for)f(y)m(our)930 1221 y(do)s(cumen)m(ts)c
Fm(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)56 b Ft(143)150 1464 y Fr(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Builtin)h
(Commands)27 b Fn(.)19 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)71
b Fr(145)150 1733 y(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Reserv)l(ed)h(W)-11
b(ords)41 b Fn(.)20 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)85 b Fr(147)150 2003 y(P)l(arameter)47 b(and)d(V)-11
b(ariable)46 b(Index)27 b Fn(.)19 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)71 b Fr(149)150 2273 y(F)-11 b(unction)44
b(Index)36 b Fn(.)19 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)80
b Fr(151)150 2543 y(Concept)45 b(Index)18 b Fn(.)i(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)62 b Fr(153)p eop end
%%Page: 1 7
TeXDict begin 1 6 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(1:)41
b(In)m(tro)s(duction)2592 b(1)150 299 y Fo(1)80 b(In)l(tro)t(duction)
150 675 y Fr(1.1)68 b(What)45 b(is)g(Bash?)275 923 y
Ft(Bash)29 b(is)h(the)f(shell,)i(or)e(command)g(language)i(in)m
(terpreter,)g(for)e(the)h Fl(gnu)f Ft(op)s(erating)h(system.)40
b(The)150 1033 y(name)33 b(is)g(an)g(acron)m(ym)g(for)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(Bourne-Again)27 b(SHell)p Ft(',)32 b(a)i(pun)d(on)i(Stephen)f
(Bourne,)h(the)g(author)150 1142 y(of)f(the)f(direct)h(ancestor)h(of)e
(the)h(curren)m(t)f(Unix)g(shell)h Fs(sh)p Ft(,)f(whic)m(h)g(app)s
(eared)g(in)g(the)h(Sev)m(en)m(th)g(Edition)150 1252
y(Bell)g(Labs)e(Researc)m(h)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)f(Unix.)275
1391 y(Bash)f(is)g(largely)i(compatible)f(with)f Fs(sh)g
Ft(and)g(incorp)s(orates)g(useful)g(features)g(from)g(the)g(Korn)g
(shell)150 1500 y Fs(ksh)37 b Ft(and)h(the)g(C)g(shell)g
Fs(csh)p Ft(.)64 b(It)38 b(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)g
(conforman)m(t)h(implemen)m(tation)h(of)e(the)g Fl(ieee)150
1610 y(posix)c Ft(Shell)g(and)g(T)-8 b(o)s(ols)35 b(p)s(ortion)f(of)g
(the)h Fl(ieee)f(posix)f Ft(sp)s(eci\014cation)j(\()p
Fl(ieee)e Ft(Standard)f(1003.1\).)56 b(It)150 1719 y(o\013ers)31
b(functional)f(impro)m(v)m(emen)m(ts)i(o)m(v)m(er)g Fs(sh)d
Ft(for)i(b)s(oth)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(and)d(programming)g(use.)275
1858 y(While)h(the)g Fl(gnu)f Ft(op)s(erating)h(system)g(pro)m(vides)f
(other)h(shells,)g(including)f(a)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)g
Fs(csh)p Ft(,)f(Bash)150 1968 y(is)j(the)h(default)f(shell.)49
b(Lik)m(e)34 b(other)g Fl(gnu)f Ft(soft)m(w)m(are,)i(Bash)f(is)f(quite)
h(p)s(ortable.)49 b(It)33 b(curren)m(tly)g(runs)f(on)150
2077 y(nearly)c(ev)m(ery)g(v)m(ersion)g(of)f(Unix)h(and)e(a)i(few)f
(other)h(op)s(erating)g(systems)f Fp(\000)g Ft(indep)s(enden)m
(tly-supp)s(orted)150 2187 y(p)s(orts)j(exist)h(for)f
Fl(ms-dos)p Ft(,)f Fl(os/2)p Ft(,)i(and)f(Windo)m(ws)g(platforms.)150
2455 y Fr(1.2)68 b(What)45 b(is)g(a)h(shell?)275 2703
y Ft(A)m(t)41 b(its)f(base,)j(a)e(shell)f(is)g(simply)g(a)h(macro)f
(pro)s(cessor)g(that)h(executes)g(commands.)70 b(The)40
b(term)150 2813 y(macro)29 b(pro)s(cessor)f(means)g(functionalit)m(y)i
(where)e(text)i(and)e(sym)m(b)s(ols)g(are)g(expanded)g(to)h(create)h
(larger)150 2922 y(expressions.)275 3061 y(A)k(Unix)h(shell)g(is)f(b)s
(oth)g(a)h(command)g(in)m(terpreter)g(and)f(a)h(programming)f
(language.)55 b(As)35 b(a)g(com-)150 3170 y(mand)30 b(in)m(terpreter,)i
(the)g(shell)f(pro)m(vides)g(the)h(user)e(in)m(terface)j(to)f(the)f
(ric)m(h)h(set)g(of)f Fl(gnu)g Ft(utilities.)44 b(The)150
3280 y(programming)26 b(language)i(features)f(allo)m(w)h(these)f
(utilitites)h(to)f(b)s(e)f(com)m(bined.)40 b(Files)27
b(con)m(taining)h(com-)150 3390 y(mands)h(can)i(b)s(e)e(created,)j(and)
d(b)s(ecome)i(commands)f(themselv)m(es.)42 b(These)30
b(new)f(commands)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)150 3499 y(same)f(status)h(as)f
(system)g(commands)g(in)g(directories)h(suc)m(h)f(as)g(`)p
Fs(/bin)p Ft(',)g(allo)m(wing)i(users)d(or)h(groups)f(to)150
3609 y(establish)h(custom)f(en)m(vironmen)m(ts)h(to)g(automate)h(their)
f(common)f(tasks.)275 3748 y(Shells)j(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(ely)k(or)d(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)54
b(In)33 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(mo)s(de,)f(they)e(accept)150
3857 y(input)21 b(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(from)g(the)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard.)37
b(When)22 b(executing)i(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)27
b(shells)c(execute)g(commands)150 3967 y(read)30 b(from)g(a)h(\014le.)
275 4105 y(A)41 b(shell)g(allo)m(ws)h(execution)h(of)e
Fl(gnu)g Ft(commands,)i(b)s(oth)e(sync)m(hronously)f(and)h(async)m
(hronously)-8 b(.)150 4215 y(The)29 b(shell)g(w)m(aits)i(for)e(sync)m
(hronous)f(commands)h(to)h(complete)h(b)s(efore)e(accepting)h(more)g
(input;)f(asyn-)150 4325 y(c)m(hronous)22 b(commands)h(con)m(tin)m(ue)h
(to)f(execute)h(in)e(parallel)i(with)f(the)f(shell)h(while)g(it)g
(reads)g(and)f(executes)150 4434 y(additional)35 b(commands.)50
b(The)33 b Fq(redirection)h Ft(constructs)g(p)s(ermit)f(\014ne-grained)
g(con)m(trol)i(of)f(the)g(input)150 4544 y(and)40 b(output)f(of)i
(those)f(commands.)70 b(Moreo)m(v)m(er,)45 b(the)c(shell)f(allo)m(ws)h
(con)m(trol)h(o)m(v)m(er)g(the)e(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)150
4653 y(commands')30 b(en)m(vironmen)m(ts.)275 4792 y(Shells)k(also)i
(pro)m(vide)g(a)f(small)h(set)f(of)g(built-in)g(commands)g(\()p
Fq(builtins)t Ft(\))g(implemen)m(ting)h(function-)150
4902 y(alit)m(y)i(imp)s(ossible)e(or)g(incon)m(v)m(enien)m(t)j(to)e
(obtain)g(via)g(separate)g(utilities.)61 b(F)-8 b(or)37
b(example,)i Fs(cd)p Ft(,)e Fs(break)p Ft(,)150 5011
y Fs(continue)p Ft(,)43 b(and)f Fs(exec)p Ft(\))g(cannot)h(b)s(e)e
(implemen)m(ted)i(outside)g(of)f(the)h(shell)f(b)s(ecause)h(they)f
(directly)150 5121 y(manipulate)37 b(the)g(shell)f(itself.)61
b(The)36 b Fs(history)p Ft(,)g Fs(getopts)p Ft(,)g Fs(kill)p
Ft(,)h(or)g Fs(pwd)f Ft(builtins,)h(among)h(others,)150
5230 y(could)33 b(b)s(e)f(implemen)m(ted)h(in)g(separate)g(utilities,)i
(but)d(they)h(are)h(more)f(con)m(v)m(enien)m(t)h(to)g(use)e(as)h
(builtin)150 5340 y(commands.)40 b(All)31 b(of)g(the)f(shell)h
(builtins)f(are)h(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(subsequen)m(t)g(sections.)p
eop end
%%Page: 2 8
TeXDict begin 2 7 bop 150 -116 a Ft(2)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(While)39 b(executing)h(commands)e(is)
g(essen)m(tial,)43 b(most)c(of)g(the)g(p)s(o)m(w)m(er)f(\(and)g
(complexit)m(y\))j(of)e(shells)150 408 y(is)34 b(due)f(to)i(their)f(em)
m(b)s(edded)f(programming)h(languages.)52 b(Lik)m(e)35
b(an)m(y)f(high-lev)m(el)i(language,)h(the)d(shell)150
518 y(pro)m(vides)c(v)-5 b(ariables,)32 b(\015o)m(w)e(con)m(trol)i
(constructs,)f(quoting,)g(and)f(functions.)275 653 y(Shells)21
b(o\013er)i(features)f(geared)h(sp)s(eci\014cally)g(for)f(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)j(use)d(rather)g(than)g(to)h(augmen)m(t)g(the)f(pro-)150
762 y(gramming)32 b(language.)48 b(These)32 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j
(features)d(include)g(job)g(con)m(trol,)j(command)c(line)i(editing,)150
872 y(command)d(history)g(and)g(aliases.)42 b(Eac)m(h)31
b(of)g(these)g(features)f(is)h(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(this)g(man)m(ual.)p
eop end
%%Page: 3 9
TeXDict begin 3 8 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(2:)41
b(De\014nitions)2662 b(3)150 299 y Fo(2)80 b(De\014nitions)275
527 y Ft(These)30 b(de\014nitions)g(are)g(used)g(throughout)g(the)g
(remainder)g(of)h(this)f(man)m(ual.)150 684 y Fs(POSIX)240
b Ft(A)27 b(family)g(of)g(op)s(en)f(system)g(standards)g(based)g(on)h
(Unix.)39 b(Bash)27 b(is)g(primarily)f(concerned)630
794 y(with)k(the)h(Shell)f(and)g(Utilities)i(p)s(ortion)e(of)h(the)f
Fl(posix)g Ft(1003.1)j(standard.)150 950 y Fs(blank)240
b Ft(A)30 b(space)h(or)g(tab)f(c)m(haracter.)150 1107
y Fs(builtin)144 b Ft(A)35 b(command)g(that)g(is)g(implemen)m(ted)g(in)
m(ternally)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)g(itself,)i(rather)d(than)h(b)m(y)630
1217 y(an)30 b(executable)i(program)e(somewhere)h(in)f(the)g(\014le)h
(system.)150 1374 y Fs(control)d(operator)630 1484 y
Ft(A)c Fs(word)e Ft(that)i(p)s(erforms)f(a)h(con)m(trol)h(function.)38
b(It)24 b(is)f(a)h Fs(newline)e Ft(or)i(one)g(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing:)
630 1593 y(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(',)31 b(`)p Fs(&&)p Ft(',)f(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft(',)f(`)p
Fs(|)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(',)g(or)f(`)p Fs(\))p Ft('.)150
1750 y Fs(exit)f(status)630 1860 y Ft(The)f(v)-5 b(alue)29
b(returned)e(b)m(y)h(a)h(command)f(to)h(its)g(caller.)41
b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)f(restricted)h(to)h(eigh)m(t)630
1969 y(bits,)h(so)f(the)h(maxim)m(um)f(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(is)f(255.)150 2126 y Fs(field)240 b Ft(A)27 b(unit)g(of)g(text)h
(that)g(is)f(the)g(result)g(of)g(one)h(of)f(the)g(shell)g(expansions.)
40 b(After)27 b(expansion,)630 2236 y(when)e(executing)h(a)g(command,)h
(the)f(resulting)f(\014elds)g(are)h(used)f(as)h(the)g(command)f(name)
630 2346 y(and)30 b(argumen)m(ts.)150 2503 y Fs(filename)96
b Ft(A)30 b(string)h(of)f(c)m(haracters)i(used)e(to)h(iden)m(tify)g(a)f
(\014le.)150 2659 y Fs(job)336 b Ft(A)31 b(set)h(of)f(pro)s(cesses)g
(comprising)g(a)g(pip)s(eline,)g(and)g(an)m(y)g(pro)s(cesses)g
(descended)g(from)f(it,)630 2769 y(that)h(are)g(all)g(in)f(the)h(same)f
(pro)s(cess)g(group.)150 2926 y Fs(job)f(control)630
3036 y Ft(A)22 b(mec)m(hanism)g(b)m(y)f(whic)m(h)h(users)f(can)h
(selectiv)m(ely)i(stop)e(\(susp)s(end\))e(and)h(restart)i(\(resume\))
630 3145 y(execution)32 b(of)e(pro)s(cesses.)150 3302
y Fs(metacharacter)630 3412 y Ft(A)25 b(c)m(haracter)i(that,)g(when)d
(unquoted,)i(separates)g(w)m(ords.)38 b(A)26 b(metac)m(haracter)i(is)d
(a)g Fs(blank)630 3521 y Ft(or)30 b(one)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(c)m
(haracters:)42 b(`)p Fs(|)p Ft(',)31 b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(',)g(`)p
Fs(;)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(\))p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(<)p Ft(',)g(or)f(`)p Fs(>)p Ft('.)150 3678 y Fs(name)288
b Ft(A)37 b Fs(word)f Ft(consisting)i(solely)h(of)e(letters,)j(n)m(um)m
(b)s(ers,)e(and)f(underscores,)h(and)f(b)s(eginning)630
3788 y(with)23 b(a)g(letter)h(or)f(underscore.)38 b Fs(Name)p
Ft(s)22 b(are)h(used)f(as)i(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)24
b(and)e(function)h(names.)630 3898 y(Also)31 b(referred)f(to)h(as)f(an)
h Fs(identifier)p Ft(.)150 4055 y Fs(operator)96 b Ft(A)38
b Fs(control)28 b(operator)36 b Ft(or)h(a)i Fs(redirection)27
b(operator)p Ft(.)61 b(See)38 b(Section)g(3.6)h([Redirec-)630
4164 y(tions],)31 b(page)g(25,)h(for)e(a)h(list)g(of)f(redirection)h
(op)s(erators.)150 4321 y Fs(process)d(group)630 4431
y Ft(A)i(collection)k(of)c(related)h(pro)s(cesses)g(eac)m(h)g(ha)m
(ving)g(the)g(same)f(pro)s(cess)g(group)g Fl(id)p Ft(.)150
4588 y Fs(process)e(group)h(ID)630 4697 y Ft(A)h(unique)g(iden)m(tifer)
h(that)g(represen)m(ts)f(a)h Fs(process)d(group)h Ft(during)g(its)i
(lifetime.)150 4854 y Fs(reserved)d(word)630 4964 y Ft(A)h
Fs(word)e Ft(that)i(has)f(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)f(to)h(the)g(shell.)
40 b(Most)30 b(reserv)m(ed)e(w)m(ords)g(in)m(tro)s(duce)630
5073 y(shell)j(\015o)m(w)f(con)m(trol)i(constructs,)f(suc)m(h)f(as)g
Fs(for)g Ft(and)g Fs(while)p Ft(.)150 5230 y Fs(return)f(status)630
5340 y Ft(A)h(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(exit)g(status)p Ft(.)p
eop end
%%Page: 4 10
TeXDict begin 4 9 bop 150 -116 a Ft(4)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(signal)192 b Ft(A)40
b(mec)m(hanism)h(b)m(y)e(whic)m(h)h(a)h(pro)s(cess)e(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
(noti\014ed)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(k)m(ernel)f(of)g(an)g(ev)m(en)m(t)630
408 y(o)s(ccurring)30 b(in)g(the)h(system.)150 568 y
Fs(special)d(builtin)630 677 y Ft(A)j(shell)f(builtin)g(command)h(that)
g(has)f(b)s(een)g(classi\014ed)h(as)g(sp)s(ecial)g(b)m(y)f(the)h
Fl(posix)f Ft(stan-)630 787 y(dard.)150 946 y Fs(token)240
b Ft(A)38 b(sequence)h(of)f(c)m(haracters)h(considered)f(a)h(single)g
(unit)e(b)m(y)h(the)h(shell.)64 b(It)38 b(is)g(either)h(a)630
1056 y Fs(word)29 b Ft(or)i(an)f Fs(operator)p Ft(.)150
1215 y Fs(word)288 b Ft(A)30 b Fs(token)f Ft(that)i(is)g(not)f(an)h
Fs(operator)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 5 11
TeXDict begin 5 10 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2292 b(5)150 299
y Fo(3)80 b(Basic)54 b(Shell)e(F)-13 b(eatures)275 544
y Ft(Bash)27 b(is)g(an)g(acron)m(ym)h(for)f(`)p Fs(Bourne-Again)g
(SHell)p Ft('.)39 b(The)26 b(Bourne)h(shell)h(is)f(the)g(traditional)i
(Unix)150 653 y(shell)34 b(originally)h(written)e(b)m(y)g(Stephen)g
(Bourne.)50 b(All)34 b(of)g(the)f(Bourne)h(shell)f(builtin)g(commands)h
(are)150 763 y(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)32 b(in)c(Bash,)i(The)f(rules)g(for)g
(ev)-5 b(aluation)31 b(and)d(quoting)i(are)f(tak)m(en)i(from)d(the)i
Fl(posix)e Ft(sp)s(eci\014ca-)150 872 y(tion)j(for)f(the)h(`standard')f
(Unix)g(shell.)275 1010 y(This)h(c)m(hapter)i(brie\015y)e(summarizes)h
(the)h(shell's)f(`building)g(blo)s(c)m(ks':)45 b(commands,)32
b(con)m(trol)i(struc-)150 1120 y(tures,)k(shell)e(functions,)h(shell)g
Fm(p)-5 b(ar)g(ameters)p Ft(,)41 b(shell)36 b(expansions,)i
Fm(r)-5 b(e)g(dir)g(e)g(ctions)p Ft(,)40 b(whic)m(h)c(are)h(a)f(w)m(a)m
(y)h(to)150 1230 y(direct)31 b(input)e(and)h(output)g(from)g(and)g(to)h
(named)f(\014les,)g(and)g(ho)m(w)g(the)h(shell)g(executes)g(commands.)
150 1496 y Fr(3.1)68 b(Shell)45 b(Syn)l(tax)275 1744
y Ft(When)32 b(the)h(shell)g(reads)g(input,)g(it)g(pro)s(ceeds)f
(through)h(a)g(sequence)g(of)g(op)s(erations.)48 b(If)33
b(the)g(input)150 1853 y(indicates)e(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(a)g
(commen)m(t,)h(the)f(shell)g(ignores)g(the)g(commen)m(t)h(sym)m(b)s(ol)
f(\(`)p Fs(#)p Ft('\),)h(and)e(the)150 1963 y(rest)i(of)f(that)h(line.)
275 2101 y(Otherwise,)h(roughly)f(sp)s(eaking,)i(the)f(shell)g(reads)g
(its)g(input)f(and)h(divides)f(the)i(input)e(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)150
2210 y(and)23 b(op)s(erators,)j(emplo)m(ying)e(the)g(quoting)h(rules)e
(to)h(select)i(whic)m(h)d(meanings)h(to)h(assign)f(v)-5
b(arious)23 b(w)m(ords)150 2320 y(and)30 b(c)m(haracters.)275
2458 y(The)38 b(shell)h(then)f(parses)g(these)h(tok)m(ens)h(in)m(to)f
(commands)g(and)f(other)h(constructs,)i(remo)m(v)m(es)f(the)150
2568 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(meaning)f(of)g(certain)h(w)m(ords)f(or)g(c)m
(haracters,)i(expands)d(others,)h(redirects)h(input)e(and)g(output)150
2677 y(as)d(needed,)g(executes)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(command,)j(w)m
(aits)f(for)f(the)g(command's)g(exit)i(status,)f(and)f(mak)m(es)150
2787 y(that)31 b(exit)g(status)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33
b(for)d(further)f(insp)s(ection)h(or)h(pro)s(cessing.)150
3018 y Fk(3.1.1)63 b(Shell)41 b(Op)s(eration)275 3266
y Ft(The)28 b(follo)m(wing)i(is)f(a)g(brief)f(description)h(of)g(the)g
(shell's)g(op)s(eration)h(when)d(it)j(reads)e(and)g(executes)j(a)150
3375 y(command.)40 b(Basically)-8 b(,)34 b(the)c(shell)h(do)s(es)f(the)
h(follo)m(wing:)199 3513 y(1.)61 b(Reads)42 b(its)h(input)e(from)h(a)g
(\014le)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)f(Scripts],)j(page)e(32\),)k
(from)41 b(a)i(string)330 3623 y(supplied)26 b(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)g
(to)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(option)f(\(see)g
(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)330 3732 y(page)j(67\),)h(or)
e(from)g(the)h(user's)f(terminal.)199 3869 y(2.)61 b(Breaks)43
b(the)g(input)f(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)f(and)g(op)s(erators,)k(ob)s(eying)d
(the)g(quoting)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(in)330 3978 y(Section)27
b(3.1.2)i([Quoting],)f(page)f(6.)40 b(These)26 b(tok)m(ens)i(are)f
(separated)g(b)m(y)f Fs(metacharacters)p Ft(.)36 b(Alias)330
4088 y(expansion)30 b(is)h(p)s(erformed)d(b)m(y)j(this)f(step)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e(75\).)199 4224 y(3.)61
b(P)m(arses)35 b(the)g(tok)m(ens)g(in)m(to)h(simple)e(and)g(comp)s
(ound)f(commands)h(\(see)h(Section)h(3.2)f([Shell)g(Com-)330
4334 y(mands],)30 b(page)h(8\).)199 4470 y(4.)61 b(P)m(erforms)40
b(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)40 b(shell)h(expansions)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5)g
([Shell)g(Expansions],)h(page)f(17\),)330 4580 y(breaking)35
b(the)g(expanded)g(tok)m(ens)h(in)m(to)g(lists)f(of)g(\014lenames)h
(\(see)g(Section)f(3.5.8)i([Filename)g(Ex-)330 4689 y(pansion],)30
b(page)h(23\))h(and)e(commands)g(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)199
4826 y(5.)61 b(P)m(erforms)36 b(an)m(y)i(necessary)f(redirections)g
(\(see)h(Section)f(3.6)h([Redirections],)i(page)e(25\))g(and)e(re-)330
4935 y(mo)m(v)m(es)c(the)e(redirection)h(op)s(erators)g(and)f(their)g
(op)s(erands)f(from)h(the)h(argumen)m(t)f(list.)199 5071
y(6.)61 b(Executes)31 b(the)g(command)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7)h
([Executing)f(Commands],)f(page)h(28\).)199 5208 y(7.)61
b(Optionally)40 b(w)m(aits)g(for)f(the)g(command)g(to)h(complete)g(and)
f(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status)f(\(see)h(Sec-)330 5317
y(tion)31 b(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)g(page)g(31\).)p
eop end
%%Page: 6 12
TeXDict begin 6 11 bop 150 -116 a Ft(6)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fk(3.1.2)63 b(Quoting)275
537 y Ft(Quoting)24 b(is)g(used)f(to)h(remo)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(sp)s(ecial)
g(meaning)g(of)g(certain)h(c)m(haracters)h(or)d(w)m(ords)h(to)g(the)g
(shell.)150 647 y(Quoting)k(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)j(disable)e(sp)s
(ecial)h(treatmen)m(t)h(for)e(sp)s(ecial)h(c)m(haracters,)i(to)e(prev)m
(en)m(t)g(reserv)m(ed)150 757 y(w)m(ords)i(from)g(b)s(eing)g
(recognized)h(as)g(suc)m(h,)f(and)g(to)h(prev)m(en)m(t)g(parameter)g
(expansion.)275 886 y(Eac)m(h)22 b(of)g(the)g(shell)g(metac)m
(haracters)i(\(see)f(Chapter)e(2)i([De\014nitions],)h(page)f(3\))g(has)
e(sp)s(ecial)i(meaning)150 995 y(to)40 b(the)g(shell)f(and)g(m)m(ust)g
(b)s(e)g(quoted)g(if)h(it)g(is)f(to)h(represen)m(t)g(itself.)68
b(When)39 b(the)h(command)f(history)150 1105 y(expansion)i(facilities)j
(are)e(b)s(eing)f(used)g(\(see)h(Section)h(9.3)f([History)h(In)m
(teraction],)j(page)c(117\),)47 b(the)150 1214 y Fq(history)30
b(expansion)h Ft(c)m(haracter,)h(usually)f(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(',)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(quoted)h(to)g(prev)m(en)m(t)g(history)g
(expansion.)41 b(See)150 1324 y(Section)22 b(9.1)g([Bash)f(History)h(F)
-8 b(acilities],)26 b(page)c(115,)j(for)20 b(more)h(details)h
(concerning)g(history)f(expansion.)275 1453 y(There)37
b(are)h(three)f(quoting)h(mec)m(hanisms:)56 b(the)38
b Fq(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracter)p Ft(,)j(single)d(quotes,)i(and)d(double)
150 1563 y(quotes.)150 1770 y Fk(3.1.2.1)63 b(Escap)s(e)41
b(Character)275 2009 y Ft(A)27 b(non-quoted)g(bac)m(kslash)h(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')f(is)g(the)h(Bash)f(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracter.)42
b(It)27 b(preserv)m(es)g(the)g(literal)i(v)-5 b(alue)28
b(of)150 2119 y(the)f(next)g(c)m(haracter)h(that)f(follo)m(ws,)i(with)d
(the)h(exception)g(of)g Fs(newline)p Ft(.)38 b(If)26
b(a)h Fs(\\newline)d Ft(pair)i(app)s(ears,)150 2228 y(and)k(the)h(bac)m
(kslash)g(itself)g(is)g(not)g(quoted,)g(the)f Fs(\\newline)f
Ft(is)h(treated)i(as)f(a)g(line)g(con)m(tin)m(uation)h(\(that)150
2338 y(is,)f(it)g(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)f(the)h(input)e(stream)i
(and)f(e\013ectiv)m(ely)j(ignored\).)150 2545 y Fk(3.1.2.2)63
b(Single)42 b(Quotes)275 2784 y Ft(Enclosing)36 b(c)m(haracters)i(in)d
(single)i(quotes)g(\(`)p Fs(')p Ft('\))f(preserv)m(es)h(the)f(literal)h
(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(eac)m(h)h(c)m(haracter)150 2894
y(within)24 b(the)h(quotes.)39 b(A)25 b(single)h(quote)f(ma)m(y)g(not)g
(o)s(ccur)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(single)h(quotes,)g(ev)m(en)g(when)d
(preceded)150 3003 y(b)m(y)30 b(a)h(bac)m(kslash.)150
3211 y Fk(3.1.2.3)63 b(Double)42 b(Quotes)275 3450 y
Ft(Enclosing)36 b(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(double)g(quotes)h(\(`)p
Fs(")p Ft('\))g(preserv)m(es)f(the)g(literal)i(v)-5 b(alue)37
b(of)f(all)h(c)m(haracters)150 3559 y(within)25 b(the)g(quotes,)i(with)
e(the)g(exception)h(of)g(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(`)p
Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(',)f(and,)g(when)e(history)i(expansion)f(is)g
(enabled,)150 3669 y(`)p Fs(!)p Ft('.)48 b(The)32 b(c)m(haracters)i(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(')f(and)f(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(')h(retain)g(their)g(sp)s(ecial)g
(meaning)g(within)f(double)h(quotes)g(\(see)g(Sec-)150
3778 y(tion)e(3.5)h([Shell)e(Expansions],)g(page)i(17\).)42
b(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)h(retains)g(its)g(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)f(only)h
(when)150 3888 y(follo)m(w)m(ed)40 b(b)m(y)e(one)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m
(wing)i(c)m(haracters:)58 b(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)41 b(`)p
Fs(`)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(")p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(',)g(or)d
Fs(newline)p Ft(.)63 b(Within)38 b(double)150 3998 y(quotes,)c(bac)m
(kslashes)g(that)f(are)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(one)g(of)f(these)h(c)
m(haracters)i(are)e(remo)m(v)m(ed.)48 b(Bac)m(kslashes)150
4107 y(preceding)25 b(c)m(haracters)h(without)f(a)h(sp)s(ecial)f
(meaning)h(are)f(left)h(unmo)s(di\014ed.)37 b(A)25 b(double)f(quote)i
(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)150 4217 y(quoted)g(within)f(double)g(quotes)g(b)m(y)h
(preceding)f(it)h(with)f(a)h(bac)m(kslash.)40 b(If)25
b(enabled,)i(history)e(expansion)150 4326 y(will)38 b(b)s(e)e(p)s
(erformed)g(unless)h(an)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')h(app)s(earing)f(in)g(double)
g(quotes)h(is)f(escap)s(ed)g(using)g(a)h(bac)m(kslash.)150
4436 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)h(preceding)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(!)p Ft(')f(is)h(not)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)275 4565 y(The)41
b(sp)s(ecial)h(parameters)f(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(and)f(`)p
Fs(@)p Ft(')h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)g(when)f(in)g(double)g
(quotes)h(\(see)150 4674 y(Section)31 b(3.5.3)h([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)h
(Expansion],)e(page)h(19\).)150 4882 y Fk(3.1.2.4)63
b(ANSI-C)40 b(Quoting)275 5121 y Ft(W)-8 b(ords)33 b(of)h(the)g(form)f
Fs($')p Fj(string)11 b Fs(')31 b Ft(are)j(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8
b(.)52 b(The)33 b(w)m(ord)g(expands)g(to)i Fq(string)p
Ft(,)f(with)150 5230 y(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)44 b(c)m(haracters)h
(replaced)f(as)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g(ANSI)g(C)g(standard.)79
b(Bac)m(kslash)150 5340 y(escap)s(e)31 b(sequences,)g(if)f(presen)m(t,)
h(are)g(deco)s(ded)f(as)g(follo)m(ws:)p eop end
%%Page: 7 13
TeXDict begin 7 12 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2292 b(7)150 299
y Fs(\\a)384 b Ft(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))150 487 y Fs(\\b)384
b Ft(bac)m(kspace)150 675 y Fs(\\e)g Ft(an)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m
(haracter)h(\(not)f(ANSI)f(C\))150 862 y Fs(\\f)384 b
Ft(form)30 b(feed)150 1050 y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(newline)150
1238 y Fs(\\r)g Ft(carriage)32 b(return)150 1426 y Fs(\\t)384
b Ft(horizon)m(tal)32 b(tab)150 1614 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(v)m(ertical)32
b(tab)150 1802 y Fs(\\\\)384 b Ft(bac)m(kslash)150 1989
y Fs(\\')g Ft(single)31 b(quote)150 2177 y Fs(\\)p Fj(nnn)288
b Ft(the)31 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)f(the)h(o)s(ctal)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b Fq(nnn)e
Ft(\(one)i(to)g(three)g(digits\))150 2365 y Fs(\\x)p
Fj(HH)288 b Ft(the)36 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)f(whose)f(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(is)g(the)g(hexadecimal)h(v)-5 b(alue)36 b
Fq(HH)46 b Ft(\(one)37 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)630 2475 y(hex)30
b(digits\))150 2662 y Fs(\\c)p Fj(x)336 b Ft(a)31 b(con)m(trol-)p
Fq(x)38 b Ft(c)m(haracter)150 2865 y(The)30 b(expanded)f(result)i(is)f
(single-quoted,)i(as)f(if)f(the)g(dollar)h(sign)g(had)e(not)i(b)s(een)f
(presen)m(t.)150 3146 y Fk(3.1.2.5)63 b(Lo)s(cale-Sp)s(eci\014c)41
b(T)-10 b(ranslation)275 3418 y Ft(A)30 b(double-quoted)h(string)f
(preceded)g(b)m(y)h(a)g(dollar)g(sign)f(\(`)p Fs($)p
Ft('\))i(will)e(cause)i(the)e(string)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(trans-)150
3528 y(lated)j(according)g(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale.)47
b(If)32 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale)i(is)e Fs(C)g
Ft(or)g Fs(POSIX)p Ft(,)f(the)h(dollar)h(sign)f(is)150
3637 y(ignored.)41 b(If)30 b(the)g(string)h(is)f(translated)h(and)f
(replaced,)h(the)g(replacemen)m(t)g(is)g(double-quoted.)275
3800 y(Some)20 b(systems)h(use)f(the)h(message)h(catalog)h(selected)f
(b)m(y)f(the)g Fs(LC_MESSAGES)c Ft(shell)k(v)-5 b(ariable.)39
b(Others)150 3910 y(create)g(the)e(name)g(of)g(the)g(message)h(catalog)
i(from)d(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)h Fs(TEXTDOMAIN)c
Ft(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable,)150 4019 y(p)s(ossibly)31
b(adding)g(a)g(su\016x)g(of)h(`)p Fs(.mo)p Ft('.)43 b(If)31
b(y)m(ou)h(use)f(the)h Fs(TEXTDOMAIN)c Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)33
b(y)m(ou)f(ma)m(y)g(need)f(to)h(set)150 4129 y(the)22
b Fs(TEXTDOMAINDIR)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)23 b(to)g(the)f(lo)s(cation)i
(of)e(the)h(message)g(catalog)i(\014les.)38 b(Still)23
b(others)f(use)g(b)s(oth)150 4238 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31
b(in)f(this)g(fashion:)41 b Fs(TEXTDOMAINDIR)p Ft(/)p
Fs(LC_MESSAGES)p Ft(/LC)p 2528 4238 28 4 v 34 w(MESSA)m(GES/)p
Fs(TEXTDOMAIN)p Ft(.mo.)150 4520 y Fk(3.1.3)63 b(Commen)m(ts)275
4792 y Ft(In)34 b(a)j(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)h(shell,)f(or)f(an)f(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)k(shell)d(in)f(whic)m(h)h(the)f Fs(interactive_comments)
150 4902 y Ft(option)j(to)g(the)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(enabled)
g(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)f(Builtins],)j(page)e(41\),)j(a)c(w)m
(ord)150 5011 y(b)s(eginning)26 b(with)g(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(causes)h
(that)f(w)m(ord)g(and)g(all)h(remaining)g(c)m(haracters)g(on)f(that)h
(line)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(ignored.)150 5121 y(An)43 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j
(shell)e(without)f(the)g Fs(interactive_comments)38 b
Ft(option)44 b(enabled)f(do)s(es)g(not)g(allo)m(w)150
5230 y(commen)m(ts.)56 b(The)34 b Fs(interactive_comments)c
Ft(option)35 b(is)g(on)g(b)m(y)g(default)g(in)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j
(shells.)55 b(See)150 5340 y(Section)30 b(6.3)f([In)m(teractiv)m(e)j
(Shells],)d(page)h(71,)g(for)e(a)i(description)e(of)h(what)g(mak)m(es)h
(a)f(shell)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)p eop end
%%Page: 8 14
TeXDict begin 8 13 bop 150 -116 a Ft(8)2617 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(3.2)68 b(Shell)45
b(Commands)275 553 y Ft(A)32 b(simple)g(shell)g(command)g(suc)m(h)g(as)
h Fs(echo)c(a)h(b)g(c)i Ft(consists)g(of)h(the)f(command)g(itself)h
(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)150 663 y(argumen)m(ts,)d(separated)g(b)m(y)f
(spaces.)275 808 y(More)h(complex)h(shell)f(commands)g(are)g(comp)s
(osed)g(of)g(simple)g(commands)g(arranged)g(together)h(in)150
917 y(a)f(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)32 b(of)f(w)m(a)m(ys:)41 b(in)31
b(a)g(pip)s(eline)f(in)g(whic)m(h)g(the)h(output)f(of)h(one)f(command)h
(b)s(ecomes)f(the)h(input)f(of)150 1027 y(a)h(second,)f(in)h(a)f(lo)s
(op)h(or)f(conditional)i(construct,)f(or)f(in)g(some)h(other)g
(grouping.)150 1272 y Fk(3.2.1)63 b(Simple)41 b(Commands)275
1526 y Ft(A)26 b(simple)h(command)g(is)f(the)h(kind)f(of)h(command)g
(encoun)m(tered)g(most)g(often.)40 b(It's)27 b(just)f(a)i(sequence)150
1636 y(of)f(w)m(ords)f(separated)h(b)m(y)g Fs(blank)p
Ft(s,)f(terminated)h(b)m(y)g(one)g(of)g(the)g(shell's)g(con)m(trol)h
(op)s(erators)f(\(see)h(Chap-)150 1745 y(ter)34 b(2)g([De\014nitions],)
i(page)f(3\).)51 b(The)34 b(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(generally)i(sp)s
(eci\014es)e(a)i(command)e(to)i(b)s(e)e(executed,)150
1855 y(with)d(the)h(rest)f(of)h(the)f(w)m(ords)g(b)s(eing)g(that)h
(command's)f(argumen)m(ts.)275 2000 y(The)h(return)h(status)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)h(page)f(31\))g(of)g(a)g(simple)f
(command)g(is)h(its)150 2109 y(exit)38 b(status)f(as)g(pro)m(vided)f(b)
m(y)h(the)g Fl(posix)f Ft(1003.1)j Fs(waitpid)c Ft(function,)j(or)f
(128)p Fs(+)p Fq(n)g Ft(if)g(the)g(command)150 2219 y(w)m(as)31
b(terminated)g(b)m(y)f(signal)h Fq(n)p Ft(.)150 2463
y Fk(3.2.2)63 b(Pip)s(elines)275 2718 y Ft(A)30 b Fs(pipeline)e
Ft(is)j(a)f(sequence)h(of)g(simple)f(commands)g(separated)h(b)m(y)f(`)p
Fs(|)p Ft('.)275 2863 y(The)f(format)i(for)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)f(is)390
3007 y Fs([time)46 b([-p]])h([!])g Fj(command1)56 b Fs([|)47
b Fj(command2)56 b Fs(...)o(])150 3152 y Ft(The)36 b(output)h(of)g(eac)
m(h)h(command)e(in)h(the)g(pip)s(eline)f(is)h(connected)h(via)f(a)g
(pip)s(e)f(to)i(the)f(input)f(of)h(the)150 3262 y(next)31
b(command.)40 b(That)30 b(is,)h(eac)m(h)h(command)e(reads)g(the)g
(previous)g(command's)g(output.)275 3407 y(The)36 b(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m
(ord)g Fs(time)g Ft(causes)h(timing)g(statistics)h(to)f(b)s(e)f(prin)m
(ted)g(for)g(the)h(pip)s(eline)f(once)h(it)150 3516 y(\014nishes.)51
b(The)34 b(statistics)i(curren)m(tly)e(consist)h(of)f(elapsed)h(\(w)m
(all-clo)s(c)m(k\))i(time)e(and)f(user)f(and)h(system)150
3626 y(time)i(consumed)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(command's)f(execution.)57
b(The)35 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)f(c)m(hanges)i(the)f(output)f
(format)150 3735 y(to)i(that)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h
Fl(posix)p Ft(.)57 b(The)35 b Fs(TIMEFORMAT)e Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)37 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(set)h(to)h(a)f(format)g(string)g(that)
150 3845 y(sp)s(eci\014es)29 b(ho)m(w)g(the)g(timing)g(information)h
(should)d(b)s(e)i(displa)m(y)m(ed.)41 b(See)29 b(Section)h(5.2)g([Bash)
f(V)-8 b(ariables],)150 3955 y(page)29 b(57,)h(for)e(a)g(description)h
(of)f(the)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)31 b(formats.)40 b(The)28
b(use)g(of)g Fs(time)f Ft(as)i(a)f(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)f(p)s(er-)150
4064 y(mits)g(the)g(timing)g(of)g(shell)g(builtins,)g(shell)g
(functions,)g(and)f(pip)s(elines.)40 b(An)27 b(external)i
Fs(time)d Ft(command)150 4174 y(cannot)31 b(time)g(these)g(easily)-8
b(.)275 4318 y(If)24 b(the)h(pip)s(eline)g(is)g(not)g(executed)h(async)
m(hronously)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.3)h([Lists],)g(page)e(9\),)i(the)f
(shell)150 4428 y(w)m(aits)31 b(for)f(all)i(commands)e(in)g(the)g(pip)s
(eline)g(to)h(complete.)275 4573 y(Eac)m(h)25 b(command)g(in)g(a)g(pip)
s(eline)g(is)g(executed)h(in)f(its)g(o)m(wn)h(subshell)e(\(see)i
(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)150 4682 y(Execution)36 b(En)m(vironmen)m
(t],)i(page)e(29\).)58 b(The)36 b(exit)g(status)g(of)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)
g(is)f(the)h(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)150 4792 y(last)c(command)f(in)g
(the)g(pip)s(eline,)g(unless)g(the)g Fs(pipefail)e Ft(option)j(is)f
(enabled)g(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3)g([The)150 4902 y(Set)i(Builtin],)j
(page)e(53\).)53 b(If)34 b Fs(pipefail)e Ft(is)i(enabled,)h(the)g(pip)s
(eline's)f(return)f(status)h(is)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)35
b(of)150 5011 y(the)d(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h(exit)g
(with)e(a)i(non-zero)f(status,)h(or)f(zero)h(if)f(all)h(commands)f
(exit)150 5121 y(successfully)-8 b(.)67 b(If)38 b(the)h(reserv)m(ed)g
(w)m(ord)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')g(precedes)g(the)g(pip)s(eline,)h(the)g
(exit)f(status)g(is)g(the)g(logical)150 5230 y(negation)h(of)f(the)f
(exit)i(status)f(as)f(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)66
b(The)38 b(shell)h(w)m(aits)h(for)e(all)h(commands)g(in)f(the)150
5340 y(pip)s(eline)30 b(to)h(terminate)g(b)s(efore)f(returning)g(a)h(v)
-5 b(alue.)p eop end
%%Page: 9 15
TeXDict begin 9 14 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2292 b(9)150 299
y Fk(3.2.3)63 b(Lists)41 b(of)h(Commands)275 547 y Ft(A)29
b Fs(list)f Ft(is)i(a)f(sequence)h(of)g(one)f(or)h(more)f(pip)s(elines)
g(separated)h(b)m(y)f(one)h(of)f(the)h(op)s(erators)g(`)p
Fs(;)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(',)150 657 y(`)p Fs(&&)p
Ft(',)h(or)f(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(',)g(and)g(optionally)i(terminated)f(b)m(y)
f(one)h(of)f(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(',)g(or)f(a)h
Fs(newline)p Ft(.)275 795 y(Of)23 b(these)h(list)g(op)s(erators,)i(`)p
Fs(&&)p Ft(')d(and)g(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(')h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(equal)f
(precedence,)i(follo)m(w)m(ed)f(b)m(y)f(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)i(whic)m(h)150 905 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(equal)e(precedence.)
275 1044 y(A)f(sequence)h(of)g(one)g(or)g(more)g(newlines)f(ma)m(y)h
(app)s(ear)f(in)h(a)g Fs(list)e Ft(to)j(delimit)f(commands,)g(equiv-)
150 1153 y(alen)m(t)i(to)f(a)g(semicolon.)275 1292 y(If)c(a)h(command)f
(is)h(terminated)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(con)m(trol)h(op)s(erator)f(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)h(the)e(shell)h(executes)h(the)f(command)150
1401 y(async)m(hronously)g(in)h(a)g(subshell.)39 b(This)28
b(is)h(kno)m(wn)f(as)h(executing)h(the)f(command)g(in)f(the)h
Fq(bac)m(kground)p Ft(.)150 1511 y(The)f(shell)h(do)s(es)f(not)h(w)m
(ait)g(for)f(the)h(command)f(to)i(\014nish,)d(and)h(the)h(return)e
(status)i(is)g(0)g(\(true\).)40 b(When)150 1621 y(job)g(con)m(trol)h
(is)g(not)f(activ)m(e)i(\(see)f(Chapter)f(7)h([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)j
(page)e(85\),)j(the)d(standard)e(input)g(for)150 1730
y(async)m(hronous)k(commands,)k(in)d(the)f(absence)i(of)f(an)m(y)g
(explicit)h(redirections,)j(is)43 b(redirected)h(from)150
1840 y Fs(/dev/null)p Ft(.)275 1979 y(Commands)19 b(separated)j(b)m(y)f
(a)g(`)p Fs(;)p Ft(')g(are)h(executed)g(sequen)m(tially;)k(the)21
b(shell)g(w)m(aits)h(for)f(eac)m(h)h(command)150 2088
y(to)31 b(terminate)h(in)e(turn.)39 b(The)30 b(return)f(status)i(is)f
(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)g(the)f(last)h(command)f(executed.)275
2227 y(The)f(con)m(trol)j(op)s(erators)e(`)p Fs(&&)p
Ft(')g(and)g(`)p Fs(||)p Ft(')g(denote)h Fl(and)e Ft(lists)i(and)f
Fl(or)f Ft(lists,)i(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)43 b(An)30
b Fl(and)150 2336 y Ft(list)h(has)f(the)h(form)390 2475
y Fj(command1)56 b Fs(&&)47 b Fj(command2)150 2614 y
Fq(command2)38 b Ft(is)30 b(executed)i(if,)e(and)g(only)g(if,)h
Fq(command1)38 b Ft(returns)29 b(an)h(exit)h(status)g(of)g(zero.)275
2752 y(An)f Fl(or)f Ft(list)i(has)f(the)h(form)390 2891
y Fj(command1)56 b Fs(||)47 b Fj(command2)150 3030 y
Fq(command2)38 b Ft(is)30 b(executed)i(if,)e(and)g(only)g(if,)h
Fq(command1)38 b Ft(returns)29 b(a)i(non-zero)g(exit)g(status.)275
3168 y(The)h(return)g(status)i(of)f Fl(and)f Ft(and)h
Fl(or)f Ft(lists)i(is)f(the)g(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h
(command)f(executed)150 3278 y(in)d(the)h(list.)150 3510
y Fk(3.2.4)63 b(Comp)s(ound)42 b(Commands)275 3759 y
Ft(Comp)s(ound)e(commands)i(are)h(the)g(shell)g(programming)f
(constructs.)77 b(Eac)m(h)44 b(construct)e(b)s(egins)150
3868 y(with)d(a)g(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord)f(or)h(con)m(trol)h(op)s
(erator)f(and)g(is)g(terminated)g(b)m(y)g(a)g(corresp)s(onding)f
(reserv)m(ed)150 3978 y(w)m(ord)k(or)h(op)s(erator.)77
b(An)m(y)42 b(redirections)h(\(see)h(Section)f(3.6)h([Redirections],)j
(page)c(25\))g(asso)s(ciated)150 4087 y(with)26 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)f
(command)h(apply)g(to)h(all)g(commands)f(within)f(that)i(comp)s(ound)e
(command)h(unless)150 4197 y(explicitly)32 b(o)m(v)m(erridden.)275
4336 y(Bash)45 b(pro)m(vides)h(lo)s(oping)g(constructs,)j(conditional)e
(commands,)j(and)44 b(mec)m(hanisms)i(to)g(group)150
4445 y(commands)30 b(and)g(execute)i(them)e(as)g(a)h(unit.)150
4678 y Fk(3.2.4.1)63 b(Lo)s(oping)43 b(Constructs)275
4926 y Ft(Bash)30 b(supp)s(orts)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)i(lo)s(oping)f
(constructs.)275 5065 y(Note)k(that)f(wherev)m(er)g(a)g(`)p
Fs(;)p Ft(')g(app)s(ears)f(in)h(the)g(description)g(of)g(a)g(command's)
g(syn)m(tax,)i(it)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)150 5174 y(replaced)c(with)f(one)h
(or)f(more)g(newlines.)150 5340 y Fs(until)240 b Ft(The)30
b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h Fs(until)e Ft(command)h(is:)p
eop end
%%Page: 10 16
TeXDict begin 10 15 bop 150 -116 a Ft(10)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)870 299 y Fs(until)46 b Fj(test-commands)11
b Fs(;)44 b(do)j Fj(consequent-commands)11 b Fs(;)42
b(done)630 434 y Ft(Execute)g Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)k
Ft(as)41 b(long)h(as)f Fq(test-commands)46 b Ft(has)41
b(an)g(exit)h(status)630 543 y(whic)m(h)c(is)h(not)g(zero.)67
b(The)38 b(return)f(status)j(is)e(the)h(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)g
(last)g(command)630 653 y(executed)31 b(in)f Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)
p Ft(,)i(or)e(zero)h(if)g(none)f(w)m(as)h(executed.)150
813 y Fs(while)240 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(while)e Ft(command)h(is:)870 948 y Fs(while)46 b Fj(test-commands)11
b Fs(;)44 b(do)j Fj(consequent-commands)11 b Fs(;)42
b(done)630 1083 y Ft(Execute)g Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)k
Ft(as)41 b(long)h(as)f Fq(test-commands)46 b Ft(has)41
b(an)g(exit)h(status)630 1193 y(of)34 b(zero.)53 b(The)34
b(return)f(status)h(is)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h
(command)f(executed)h(in)630 1302 y Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)p
Ft(,)c(or)g(zero)g(if)f(none)g(w)m(as)h(executed.)150
1463 y Fs(for)336 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(for)e Ft(command)i(is:)870 1598 y Fs(for)47 b Fj(name)57
b Fs([in)47 b Fj(words)57 b Fs(...)o(];)47 b(do)g Fj(commands)11
b Fs(;)45 b(done)630 1733 y Ft(Expand)31 b Fq(w)m(ords)p
Ft(,)j(and)e(execute)i Fq(commands)i Ft(once)d(for)g(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)
s(er)e(in)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)630 1842 y(list,)c(with)f
Fq(name)33 b Ft(b)s(ound)26 b(to)j(the)f(curren)m(t)g(mem)m(b)s(er.)40
b(If)27 b(`)p Fs(in)j Fj(words)11 b Ft(')27 b(is)h(not)g(presen)m(t,)h
(the)630 1952 y Fs(for)g Ft(command)g(executes)i(the)e
Fq(commands)k Ft(once)d(for)f(eac)m(h)i(p)s(ositional)f(parameter)g
(that)630 2061 y(is)d(set,)h(as)f(if)g(`)p Fs(in)j("$@")p
Ft(')c(had)g(b)s(een)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.4.2)i([Sp)s
(ecial)e(P)m(arameters],)630 2171 y(page)c(16\).)39 b(The)21
b(return)g(status)h(is)g(the)g(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)g(last)g
(command)g(that)g(executes.)630 2281 y(If)i(there)h(are)h(no)e(items)i
(in)e(the)h(expansion)g(of)g Fq(w)m(ords)p Ft(,)h(no)f(commands)f(are)h
(executed,)j(and)630 2390 y(the)j(return)e(status)i(is)f(zero.)630
2525 y(An)g(alternate)i(form)e(of)h(the)f Fs(for)g Ft(command)g(is)g
(also)h(supp)s(orted:)870 2660 y Fs(for)47 b(\(\()g Fj(expr1)57
b Fs(;)47 b Fj(expr2)57 b Fs(;)48 b Fj(expr3)57 b Fs(\)\))47
b(;)g(do)g Fj(commands)57 b Fs(;)47 b(done)630 2795 y
Ft(First,)38 b(the)f(arithmetic)h(expression)e Fq(expr1)43
b Ft(is)36 b(ev)-5 b(aluated)38 b(according)f(to)g(the)g(rules)f(de-)
630 2905 y(scrib)s(ed)41 b(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)g
([Shell)g(Arithmetic],)j(page)d(74\).)77 b(The)42 b(arithmetic)630
3014 y(expression)33 b Fq(expr2)41 b Ft(is)34 b(then)f(ev)-5
b(aluated)35 b(rep)s(eatedly)f(un)m(til)g(it)g(ev)-5
b(aluates)35 b(to)g(zero.)51 b(Eac)m(h)630 3124 y(time)23
b Fq(expr2)30 b Ft(ev)-5 b(aluates)25 b(to)e(a)g(non-zero)h(v)-5
b(alue,)25 b Fq(commands)h Ft(are)d(executed)g(and)g(the)g(arith-)630
3233 y(metic)29 b(expression)f Fq(expr3)36 b Ft(is)28
b(ev)-5 b(aluated.)41 b(If)28 b(an)m(y)h(expression)f(is)g(omitted,)i
(it)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)630 3343 y(if)i(it)h(ev)-5
b(aluates)32 b(to)g(1.)44 b(The)30 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(is)f(the)g(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h(command)f(in)630
3453 y Fq(list)i Ft(that)e(is)f(executed,)i(or)e(false)h(if)g(an)m(y)f
(of)h(the)f(expressions)g(is)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid.)275
3613 y(The)26 b Fs(break)g Ft(and)h Fs(continue)e Ft(builtins)i(\(see)h
(Section)h(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)i(page)f(35\))g(ma)m(y)
150 3723 y(b)s(e)i(used)f(to)i(con)m(trol)h(lo)s(op)f(execution.)150
3949 y Fk(3.2.4.2)63 b(Conditional)42 b(Constructs)150
4193 y Fs(if)384 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(if)f Ft(command)g(is:)870 4328 y Fs(if)47 b Fj(test-commands)11
b Fs(;)44 b(then)965 4438 y Fj(consequent-commands)11
b Fs(;)870 4547 y([elif)46 b Fj(more-test-commands)11
b Fs(;)42 b(then)965 4657 y Fj(more-consequents)11 b
Fs(;])870 4767 y([else)46 b Fj(alternate-consequents)11
b Fs(;])870 4876 y(fi)630 5011 y Ft(The)53 b Fq(test-commands)58
b Ft(list)c(is)g(executed,)60 b(and)53 b(if)g(its)h(return)e(status)i
(is)f(zero,)61 b(the)630 5121 y Fq(consequen)m(t-commands)44
b Ft(list)d(is)f(executed.)70 b(If)40 b Fq(test-commands)k
Ft(returns)39 b(a)h(non-zero)630 5230 y(status,)45 b(eac)m(h)e
Fs(elif)d Ft(list)i(is)g(executed)h(in)e(turn,)j(and)d(if)g(its)h(exit)
h(status)f(is)f(zero,)46 b(the)630 5340 y(corresp)s(onding)37
b Fq(more-consequen)m(ts)42 b Ft(is)c(executed)g(and)f(the)h(command)g
(completes.)63 b(If)p eop end
%%Page: 11 17
TeXDict begin 11 16 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(11)630 299
y(`)p Fs(else)29 b Fj(alternate-consequents)11 b Ft(')23
b(is)30 b(presen)m(t,)f(and)g(the)g(\014nal)g(command)f(in)h(the)g
(\014nal)630 408 y Fs(if)44 b Ft(or)g Fs(elif)f Ft(clause)i(has)f(a)h
(non-zero)g(exit)g(status,)j(then)c Fq(alternate-consequen)m(ts)51
b Ft(is)630 518 y(executed.)k(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(the)h
(exit)h(status)f(of)g(the)g(last)g(command)g(executed,)630
628 y(or)30 b(zero)i(if)e(no)g(condition)h(tested)g(true.)150
788 y Fs(case)288 b Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)h(of)f(the)h
Fs(case)e Ft(command)h(is:)870 923 y Fs(case)47 b Fj(word)57
b Fs(in)47 b([)g([\(])g Fj(pattern)57 b Fs([|)47 b Fj(pattern)11
b Fs(]...)l(\))48 b Fj(command-list)55 b Fs(;;]...)46
b(esac)630 1058 y(case)34 b Ft(will)h(selectiv)m(ely)i(execute)f(the)f
Fq(command-list)j Ft(corresp)s(onding)33 b(to)j(the)e(\014rst)g
Fq(pat-)630 1167 y(tern)g Ft(that)h(matc)m(hes)h Fq(w)m(ord)p
Ft(.)52 b(If)34 b(the)g(shell)h(option)g Fs(nocasematch)c
Ft(\(see)k(the)g(description)630 1277 y(of)e Fs(shopt)e
Ft(in)h(Section)h(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)g(page)h(41\))f(is)g
(enabled,)g(the)g(matc)m(h)g(is)g(p)s(er-)630 1386 y(formed)e(without)h
(regard)g(to)h(the)f(case)h(of)f(alphab)s(etic)h(c)m(haracters.)47
b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(|)p Ft(')h(is)g(used)f(to)630 1496
y(separate)25 b(m)m(ultiple)h(patterns,)g(and)d(the)i(`)p
Fs(\))p Ft(')g(op)s(erator)f(terminates)i(a)f(pattern)f(list.)40
b(A)24 b(list)630 1606 y(of)32 b(patterns)g(and)f(an)h(asso)s(ciated)h
(command-list)g(is)f(kno)m(wn)f(as)h(a)h Fq(clause)p
Ft(.)46 b(Eac)m(h)32 b(clause)630 1715 y(m)m(ust)d(b)s(e)f(terminated)h
(with)g(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft('.)40 b(The)28 b Fq(w)m(ord)k
Ft(undergo)s(es)c(tilde)h(expansion,)g(parameter)630
1825 y(expansion,)c(command)f(substitution,)h(arithmetic)g(expansion,)g
(and)e(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)25 b(b)s(e-)630 1934
y(fore)e(matc)m(hing)i(is)e(attempted.)39 b(Eac)m(h)24
b Fq(pattern)f Ft(undergo)s(es)g(tilde)h(expansion,)g(parameter)630
2044 y(expansion,)30 b(command)h(substitution,)f(and)g(arithmetic)h
(expansion.)630 2179 y(There)f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(an)h(arbitrary)g(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h Fs(case)f Ft(clauses,)i(eac)m(h)g(terminated)g(b)m
(y)e(a)i(`)p Fs(;;)p Ft('.)630 2288 y(The)f(\014rst)f(pattern)i(that)g
(matc)m(hes)g(determines)g(the)f(command-list)i(that)f(is)f(executed.)
630 2423 y(Here)35 b(is)g(an)g(example)h(using)e Fs(case)g
Ft(in)g(a)h(script)g(that)h(could)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(describ)s(e)g
(one)630 2533 y(in)m(teresting)d(feature)f(of)f(an)g(animal:)870
2668 y Fs(echo)47 b(-n)g("Enter)f(the)h(name)f(of)i(an)f(animal:)f(")
870 2777 y(read)h(ANIMAL)870 2887 y(echo)g(-n)g("The)f($ANIMAL)g(has)h
(")870 2996 y(case)g($ANIMAL)e(in)965 3106 y(horse)i(|)g(dog)g(|)h
(cat\))e(echo)h(-n)g("four";;)965 3216 y(man)g(|)h(kangaroo)d(\))j
(echo)e(-n)i("two";;)965 3325 y(*\))g(echo)e(-n)h("an)g(unknown)f
(number)g(of";;)870 3435 y(esac)870 3544 y(echo)h(")g(legs.")630
3679 y Ft(The)26 b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(no)g
Fq(pattern)g Ft(is)g(matc)m(hed.)40 b(Otherwise,)27 b(the)g(return)e
(status)630 3789 y(is)30 b(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)f(the)h
Fq(command-list)i Ft(executed.)150 3949 y Fs(select)630
4084 y Ft(The)g Fs(select)f Ft(construct)i(allo)m(ws)h(the)f(easy)g
(generation)h(of)e(men)m(us.)50 b(It)34 b(has)f(almost)i(the)630
4194 y(same)c(syn)m(tax)g(as)f(the)h Fs(for)e Ft(command:)870
4328 y Fs(select)46 b Fj(name)57 b Fs([in)47 b Fj(words)57
b Fs(...)o(];)47 b(do)h Fj(commands)11 b Fs(;)44 b(done)630
4463 y Ft(The)d(list)i(of)e(w)m(ords)h(follo)m(wing)h
Fs(in)e Ft(is)h(expanded,)i(generating)f(a)f(list)g(of)g(items.)75
b(The)630 4573 y(set)41 b(of)f(expanded)f(w)m(ords)g(is)i(prin)m(ted)e
(on)h(the)g(standard)f(error)h(output)g(stream,)j(eac)m(h)630
4682 y(preceded)30 b(b)m(y)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)40
b(If)29 b(the)i(`)p Fs(in)f Fj(words)11 b Ft(')29 b(is)h(omitted,)i
(the)e(p)s(ositional)i(parameters)630 4792 y(are)24 b(prin)m(ted,)g(as)
g(if)f(`)p Fs(in)30 b("$@")p Ft(')23 b(had)f(b)s(een)h(sp)s(ecifed.)38
b(The)23 b Fs(PS3)f Ft(prompt)h(is)g(then)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)630
4902 y(and)38 b(a)h(line)g(is)f(read)h(from)f(the)h(standard)e(input.)
65 b(If)38 b(the)h(line)g(consists)g(of)f(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)630
5011 y(corresp)s(onding)33 b(to)i(one)f(of)g(the)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(w)
m(ords,)f(then)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)h Fq(name)k
Ft(is)34 b(set)g(to)630 5121 y(that)g(w)m(ord.)49 b(If)32
b(the)i(line)f(is)h(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)35 b(the)e(w)m(ords)g(and)f(prompt)
h(are)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(again.)50 b(If)630 5230 y Fs(EOF)23
b Ft(is)g(read,)j(the)d Fs(select)f Ft(command)i(completes.)40
b(An)m(y)23 b(other)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(read)g(causes)g
Fq(name)630 5340 y Ft(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)g(n)m(ull.)41
b(The)29 b(line)i(read)f(is)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)f(the)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(REPLY)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 12 18
TeXDict begin 12 17 bop 150 -116 a Ft(12)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(The)42 b Fq(commands)j
Ft(are)d(executed)h(after)g(eac)m(h)g(selection)h(un)m(til)e(a)h
Fs(break)d Ft(command)i(is)630 408 y(executed,)32 b(at)f(whic)m(h)f(p)s
(oin)m(t)g(the)h Fs(select)d Ft(command)i(completes.)630
542 y(Here)39 b(is)g(an)g(example)h(that)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)e(user)f(to)
i(pic)m(k)f(a)g(\014lename)h(from)e(the)h(curren)m(t)630
651 y(directory)-8 b(,)32 b(and)d(displa)m(ys)i(the)f(name)h(and)f
(index)f(of)i(the)g(\014le)f(selected.)870 784 y Fs(select)46
b(fname)g(in)i(*;)870 894 y(do)870 1003 y(echo)f(you)g(picked)f($fname)
g(\\\($REPLY\\\))870 1113 y(break;)870 1223 y(done)150
1379 y(\(\(...)o(\)\))870 1512 y(\(\()h Fj(expression)56
b Fs(\)\))630 1645 y Ft(The)33 b(arithmetic)i Fq(expression)f
Ft(is)f(ev)-5 b(aluated)35 b(according)g(to)f(the)g(rules)f(describ)s
(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)630 1755 y(\(see)j(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f
(Arithmetic],)i(page)f(74\).)55 b(If)34 b(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)35 b(of)g(the)g(expression)g(is)630 1864 y(non-zero,)27
b(the)f(return)e(status)i(is)g(0;)h(otherwise)f(the)g(return)e(status)i
(is)g(1.)39 b(This)25 b(is)g(exactly)630 1974 y(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)870 2107 y Fs(let)47 b(")p Fj(expression)11
b Fs(")630 2240 y Ft(See)25 b(Section)h(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i
(page)f(41,)i(for)c(a)i(full)f(description)g(of)g(the)h
Fs(let)e Ft(builtin.)150 2397 y Fs([[...)o(]])870 2530
y([[)47 b Fj(expression)56 b Fs(]])630 2663 y Ft(Return)25
b(a)h(status)f(of)h(0)g(or)g(1)g(dep)s(ending)e(on)h(the)h(ev)-5
b(aluation)27 b(of)e(the)h(conditional)h(expres-)630
2772 y(sion)j Fq(expression)p Ft(.)41 b(Expressions)29
b(are)i(comp)s(osed)f(of)g(the)h(primaries)f(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m
(w)h(in)630 2882 y(Section)36 b(6.4)h([Bash)f(Conditional)g
(Expressions],)h(page)f(73.)57 b(W)-8 b(ord)36 b(splitting)h(and)e
(\014le-)630 2992 y(name)24 b(expansion)h(are)g(not)f(p)s(erformed)f
(on)h(the)h(w)m(ords)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g(`)p Fs([[)p
Ft(')f(and)g(`)p Fs(]])p Ft(';)i(tilde)630 3101 y(expansion,)31
b(parameter)g(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(expansion,)g(arithmetic)g
(expansion,)g(command)630 3211 y(substitution,)40 b(pro)s(cess)f
(substitution,)h(and)e(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)40 b(are)f(p)s
(erformed.)63 b(Condi-)630 3320 y(tional)32 b(op)s(erators)e(suc)m(h)g
(as)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(unquoted)g(to)h(b)s(e)e
(recognized)j(as)f(primaries.)630 3453 y(When)22 b(the)h(`)p
Fs(==)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p Fs(!=)p Ft(')g(op)s(erators)h(are)g(used,)g
(the)g(string)f(to)i(the)e(righ)m(t)h(of)g(the)g(op)s(erator)630
3563 y(is)31 b(considered)g(a)h(pattern)f(and)g(matc)m(hed)h(according)
g(to)g(the)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(in)630
3673 y(Section)37 b(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)e(Matc)m(hing],)j(page)c(23.)
59 b(If)36 b(the)g(shell)g(option)h Fs(nocasematch)630
3782 y Ft(\(see)27 b(the)e(description)h(of)g Fs(shopt)e
Ft(in)h(Section)i(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)i(page)e(41\))h(is)f
(enabled,)630 3892 y(the)40 b(matc)m(h)h(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(without)h
(regard)g(to)h(the)f(case)h(of)g(alphab)s(etic)f(c)m(haracters.)630
4001 y(The)34 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(0)g(if)f(the)h(string)g
(matc)m(hes)g(\(`)p Fs(==)p Ft('\))h(or)e(do)s(es)h(not)g(matc)m(h)g
(\(`)p Fs(!=)p Ft('\)the)630 4111 y(pattern,)30 b(and)e(1)h(otherwise.)
41 b(An)m(y)29 b(part)g(of)g(the)g(pattern)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(quoted)g
(to)g(force)h(it)f(to)630 4221 y(b)s(e)h(matc)m(hed)h(as)g(a)f(string.)
630 4354 y(An)j(additional)i(binary)e(op)s(erator,)i(`)p
Fs(=~)p Ft(',)g(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)37 b(with)c(the)h(same)g
(precedence)h(as)630 4463 y(`)p Fs(==)p Ft(')29 b(and)f(`)p
Fs(!=)p Ft('.)40 b(When)29 b(it)g(is)g(used,)f(the)h(string)g(to)h(the)
e(righ)m(t)i(of)f(the)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(consid-)630
4573 y(ered)34 b(an)g(extended)g(regular)g(expression)g(and)f(matc)m
(hed)i(accordingly)g(\(as)f(in)g Fm(r)-5 b(e)g(gex)11
b Ft(3\)\).)630 4682 y(The)39 b(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)40
b(is)f(0)h(if)f(the)g(string)h(matc)m(hes)g(the)f(pattern,)j(and)d(1)h
(otherwise.)67 b(If)630 4792 y(the)26 b(regular)g(expression)g(is)g
(syn)m(tactically)j(incorrect,)f(the)e(conditional)h(expression's)f
(re-)630 4902 y(turn)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(is)f(2.)49
b(If)33 b(the)g(shell)g(option)h Fs(nocasematch)c Ft(\(see)k(the)f
(description)g(of)g Fs(shopt)630 5011 y Ft(in)43 b(Section)h(4.2)g
([Bash)f(Builtins],)k(page)d(41\))g(is)f(enabled,)j(the)e(matc)m(h)f
(is)g(p)s(erformed)630 5121 y(without)d(regard)g(to)h(the)f(case)h(of)g
(alphab)s(etic)f(c)m(haracters.)72 b(Substrings)38 b(matc)m(hed)j(b)m
(y)630 5230 y(paren)m(thesized)j(sub)s(expressions)e(within)i(the)g
(regular)g(expression)g(are)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(in)f(the)630
5340 y(arra)m(y)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b Fs(BASH_REMATCH)p
Ft(.)59 b(The)36 b(elemen)m(t)j(of)f Fs(BASH_REMATCH)c
Ft(with)j(index)g(0)h(is)p eop end
%%Page: 13 19
TeXDict begin 13 18 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(13)630 299
y(the)34 b(p)s(ortion)f(of)h(the)f(string)h(matc)m(hing)g(the)g(en)m
(tire)h(regular)e(expression.)50 b(The)33 b(elemen)m(t)630
408 y(of)39 b Fs(BASH_REMATCH)c Ft(with)j(index)g Fq(n)f
Ft(is)i(the)f(p)s(ortion)g(of)h(the)f(string)h(matc)m(hing)g(the)g
Fq(n)p Ft(th)630 518 y(paren)m(thesized)31 b(sub)s(expression.)630
662 y(Expressions)23 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(com)m(bined)i(using)f(the)h
(follo)m(wing)h(op)s(erators,)g(listed)f(in)f(decreasing)630
772 y(order)30 b(of)g(precedence:)630 950 y Fs(\()g Fj(expression)38
b Fs(\))1110 1060 y Ft(Returns)30 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(of)g Fq(expression)p Ft(.)42 b(This)30 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i
(o)m(v)m(erride)g(the)1110 1170 y(normal)e(precedence)h(of)g(op)s
(erators.)630 1348 y Fs(!)f Fj(expression)1110 1458 y
Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(expression)g Ft(is)h(false.)630
1637 y Fj(expression1)38 b Fs(&&)30 b Fj(expression2)1110
1746 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(b)s(oth)g Fq(expression1)38
b Ft(and)29 b Fq(expression2)38 b Ft(are)31 b(true.)630
1925 y Fj(expression1)38 b Fs(||)30 b Fj(expression2)1110
2034 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(either)h Fq(expression1)38
b Ft(or)30 b Fq(expression2)38 b Ft(is)30 b(true.)630
2213 y(The)25 b Fs(&&)g Ft(and)g Fs(||)f Ft(op)s(erators)i(do)f(not)h
(ev)-5 b(aluate)27 b Fq(expression2)33 b Ft(if)26 b(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)26 b(of)g Fq(expression1)630 2323 y Ft(is)k(su\016cien)m(t)h(to)
g(determine)g(the)f(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f(the)h(en)m(tire)g
(conditional)h(expression.)150 2585 y Fk(3.2.4.3)63 b(Grouping)43
b(Commands)275 2849 y Ft(Bash)22 b(pro)m(vides)g(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(a)m
(ys)g(to)g(group)f(a)g(list)h(of)f(commands)g(to)g(b)s(e)g(executed)h
(as)f(a)h(unit.)37 b(When)22 b(com-)150 2958 y(mands)30
b(are)i(group)s(ed,)f(redirections)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(applied)i(to)g
(the)f(en)m(tire)h(command)g(list.)44 b(F)-8 b(or)32
b(example,)150 3068 y(the)f(output)f(of)g(all)h(the)g(commands)f(in)g
(the)h(list)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(redirected)i(to)g(a)g(single)g(stream.)
150 3256 y Fs(\(\))870 3400 y(\()47 b Fj(list)58 b Fs(\))630
3545 y Ft(Placing)30 b(a)f(list)g(of)g(commands)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i
(paren)m(theses)e(causes)i(a)f(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)630
3654 y(to)k(b)s(e)e(created)j(\(see)f(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)d
(Execution)i(En)m(vironmen)m(t],)g(page)f(29\),)630 3764
y(and)d(eac)m(h)i(of)e(the)h(commands)f(in)g Fq(list)j
Ft(to)f(b)s(e)e(executed)h(in)f(that)h(subshell.)39 b(Since)28
b(the)f Fq(list)630 3873 y Ft(is)i(executed)g(in)f(a)h(subshell,)g(v)-5
b(ariable)29 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(do)g(not)g(remain)f(in)g(e\013ect)j
(after)e(the)630 3983 y(subshell)g(completes.)150 4162
y Fs({})870 4306 y({)47 b Fj(list)11 b Fs(;)46 b(})630
4450 y Ft(Placing)30 b(a)g(list)g(of)g(commands)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h
(curly)f(braces)g(causes)h(the)f(list)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(executed)630
4560 y(in)d(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)f(con)m(text.)42
b(No)27 b(subshell)f(is)g(created.)41 b(The)26 b(semicolon)i(\(or)f
(newline\))630 4669 y(follo)m(wing)32 b Fq(list)h Ft(is)d(required.)275
4857 y(In)i(addition)h(to)g(the)g(creation)i(of)e(a)g(subshell,)g
(there)g(is)g(a)g(subtle)f(di\013erence)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(these)h(t)
m(w)m(o)150 4967 y(constructs)43 b(due)f(to)h(historical)h(reasons.)77
b(The)42 b(braces)h(are)g Fs(reserved)28 b(words)p Ft(,)45
b(so)d(they)h(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)150 5077 y(separated)33
b(from)f(the)g Fq(list)k Ft(b)m(y)c Fs(blank)p Ft(s.)45
b(The)32 b(paren)m(theses)h(are)g Fs(operators)p Ft(,)d(and)i(are)h
(recognized)h(as)150 5186 y(separate)d(tok)m(ens)h(b)m(y)e(the)h(shell)
f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(they)h(are)g(not)f(separated)h(from)f(the)h
Fq(list)i Ft(b)m(y)d(whitespace.)275 5340 y(The)f(exit)j(status)e(of)h
(b)s(oth)f(of)g(these)h(constructs)g(is)f(the)h(exit)g(status)f(of)h
Fq(list)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 14 20
TeXDict begin 14 19 bop 150 -116 a Ft(14)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(3.3)68 b(Shell)45
b(F)-11 b(unctions)275 555 y Ft(Shell)27 b(functions)g(are)g(a)h(w)m(a)
m(y)g(to)g(group)f(commands)g(for)g(later)i(execution)f(using)f(a)h
(single)g(name)f(for)150 664 y(the)35 b(group.)55 b(They)35
b(are)g(executed)h(just)f(lik)m(e)h(a)g Fs(")p Ft(regular)p
Fs(")f Ft(command.)54 b(When)35 b(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)h(shell)150
774 y(function)j(is)g(used)f(as)h(a)h(simple)f(command)g(name,)i(the)e
(list)h(of)f(commands)g(asso)s(ciated)i(with)d(that)150
883 y(function)25 b(name)h(is)g(executed.)40 b(Shell)25
b(functions)g(are)i(executed)f(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)g(con)m
(text;)j(no)c(new)150 993 y(pro)s(cess)30 b(is)g(created)i(to)f(in)m
(terpret)g(them.)275 1139 y(F)-8 b(unctions)30 b(are)h(declared)g
(using)f(this)g(syn)m(tax:)390 1285 y Fs([)47 b(function)f(])h
Fj(name)58 b Fs(\(\))47 b Fj(compound-command)54 b Fs([)47
b Fj(redirections)55 b Fs(])275 1431 y Ft(This)31 b(de\014nes)h(a)h
(shell)g(function)g(named)f Fq(name)p Ft(.)48 b(The)32
b(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)f Fs(function)f Ft(is)h(optional.)49
b(If)150 1541 y(the)39 b Fs(function)f Ft(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)g(is)g
(supplied,)i(the)e(paren)m(theses)h(are)f(optional.)69
b(The)39 b Fq(b)s(o)s(dy)45 b Ft(of)40 b(the)150 1650
y(function)h(is)h(the)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h Fq(comp)s(ound-command)
j Ft(\(see)e(Section)h(3.2.4)g([Comp)s(ound)150 1760
y(Commands],)33 b(page)g(9\).)48 b(That)33 b(command)g(is)f(usually)h
(a)g Fq(list)i Ft(enclosed)e(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h Fs({)e
Ft(and)g Fs(})p Ft(,)h(but)f(ma)m(y)150 1870 y(b)s(e)27
b(an)m(y)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(listed)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)41
b Fq(comp)s(ound-command)30 b Ft(is)e(executed)g(whenev)m(er)g
Fq(name)150 1979 y Ft(is)37 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(the)h(name)f(of)g
(a)h(command.)61 b(An)m(y)37 b(redirections)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g
([Redirections],)150 2089 y(page)31 b(25\))h(asso)s(ciated)g(with)e
(the)g(shell)h(function)f(are)h(p)s(erformed)d(when)i(the)g(function)g
(is)h(executed.)275 2235 y(A)41 b(function)f(de\014nition)h(ma)m(y)g(b)
s(e)g(deleted)g(using)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(unset)e Ft(builtin)i(\(see)150 2345 y(Section)31 b(4.1)h([Bourne)e
(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)h(35\).)275 2491 y(The)26
b(exit)i(status)g(of)f(a)h(function)f(de\014nition)g(is)g(zero)h
(unless)f(a)g(syn)m(tax)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(or)g(a)h(readonly)150
2600 y(function)k(with)f(the)i(same)f(name)g(already)h(exists.)46
b(When)32 b(executed,)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(a)g(function)150
2710 y(is)e(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)f(the)h(last)g(command)f(executed)
i(in)e(the)g(b)s(o)s(dy)-8 b(.)275 2856 y(Note)22 b(that)f(for)f
(historical)i(reasons,)h(in)e(the)g(most)g(common)g(usage)g(the)g
(curly)f(braces)h(that)g(surround)150 2966 y(the)38 b(b)s(o)s(dy)d(of)j
(the)f(function)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(separated)h(from)f(the)g(b)s(o)s
(dy)f(b)m(y)h Fs(blank)p Ft(s)f(or)h(newlines.)62 b(This)150
3075 y(is)38 b(b)s(ecause)g(the)h(braces)f(are)h(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m
(ords)g(and)f(are)i(only)f(recognized)i(as)e(suc)m(h)g(when)f(they)i
(are)150 3185 y(separated)e(b)m(y)g(whitespace.)61 b(Also,)39
b(when)d(using)g(the)h(braces,)i(the)e Fq(list)j Ft(m)m(ust)c(b)s(e)g
(terminated)i(b)m(y)f(a)150 3294 y(semicolon,)32 b(a)f(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(',)f(or)h(a)g(newline.)275 3440 y(When)h(a)i(function)f(is)g
(executed,)i(the)e(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)f(function)g(b)s(ecome)g
(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(pa-)150 3550 y(rameters)42 b(during)e(its)i
(execution)h(\(see)f(Section)g(3.4.1)h([P)m(ositional)h(P)m
(arameters],)i(page)c(15\).)75 b(The)150 3660 y(sp)s(ecial)37
b(parameter)f(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(that)h(expands)e(to)i(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)
s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)f(is)g(up)s(dated)f(to)150
3769 y(re\015ect)h(the)f(c)m(hange.)56 b(Sp)s(ecial)35
b(parameter)h Fs(0)f Ft(is)g(unc)m(hanged.)54 b(The)35
b(\014rst)f(elemen)m(t)j(of)e(the)g Fs(FUNCNAME)150 3879
y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)f(name)f(of)h(the)g
(function)f(while)h(the)g(function)f(is)h(executing.)40
b(All)28 b(other)f(asp)s(ects)150 3988 y(of)32 b(the)g(shell)g
(execution)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t)e(are)h(iden)m(tical)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)
g(a)f(function)g(and)f(its)i(caller)g(with)f(the)150
4098 y(exception)h(that)f(the)g Fs(DEBUG)f Ft(and)g Fs(RETURN)f
Ft(traps)h(are)h(not)g(inherited)g(unless)f(the)h(function)f(has)h(b)s
(een)150 4208 y(giv)m(en)h(the)f Fs(trace)e Ft(attribute)j(using)e(the)
h Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin)h(or)h(the)g Fs(-o)e(functrace)f
Ft(option)j(has)g(b)s(een)150 4317 y(enabled)39 b(with)f(the)h
Fs(set)e Ft(builtin,)k(\(in)e(whic)m(h)f(case)i(all)f(functions)f
(inherit)h(the)f Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(and)g Fs(RETURN)150 4427
y Ft(traps\).)66 b(See)40 b(Section)f(4.1)h([Bourne)f(Shell)g
(Builtins],)j(page)e(35,)i(for)d(the)g(description)g(of)g(the)g
Fs(trap)150 4536 y Ft(builtin.)275 4682 y(If)e(the)g(builtin)g(command)
h Fs(return)d Ft(is)j(executed)g(in)g(a)g(function,)h(the)e(function)h
(completes)h(and)150 4792 y(execution)25 b(resumes)e(with)h(the)g(next)
g(command)f(after)i(the)f(function)f(call.)40 b(An)m(y)24
b(command)f(asso)s(ciated)150 4902 y(with)36 b(the)h
Fs(RETURN)d Ft(trap)i(is)h(executed)g(b)s(efore)f(execution)i(resumes.)
57 b(When)37 b(a)f(function)g(completes,)150 5011 y(the)h(v)-5
b(alues)38 b(of)f(the)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)f(and)g(the)g(sp)s
(ecial)h(parameter)f(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(are)h(restored)f(to)h(the)150
5121 y(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(they)f(had)g(prior)f(to)i(the)g(function's)f
(execution.)40 b(If)25 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(giv)m(en)h
(to)g Fs(return)p Ft(,)150 5230 y(that)j(is)g(the)f(function's)h
(return)e(status;)j(otherwise)f(the)f(function's)h(return)e(status)i
(is)f(the)h(exit)h(status)150 5340 y(of)h(the)f(last)h(command)f
(executed)i(b)s(efore)e(the)g Fs(return)p Ft(.)p eop
end
%%Page: 15 21
TeXDict begin 15 20 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(15)275 299
y(V)-8 b(ariables)31 b(lo)s(cal)g(to)f(the)g(function)f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)
e(declared)h(with)f(the)h Fs(local)f Ft(builtin.)40 b(These)29
b(v)-5 b(ariables)150 408 y(are)31 b(visible)g(only)f(to)h(the)g
(function)f(and)g(the)g(commands)g(it)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(es.)275
548 y(F)-8 b(unction)38 b(names)f(and)g(de\014nitions)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)
e(listed)h(with)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)h(the)e
Fs(declare)f Ft(or)150 657 y Fs(typeset)d Ft(builtin)h(commands)h
(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)i(page)f(41\).)55
b(The)35 b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)150 767 y Fs(declare)f
Ft(or)i Fs(typeset)e Ft(will)i(list)h(the)f(function)g(names)g(only)g
(\(and)g(optionally)h(the)f(source)g(\014le)h(and)150
876 y(line)c(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)g(if)f(the)h Fs(extdebug)e
Ft(shell)i(option)g(is)g(enabled\).)49 b(F)-8 b(unctions)33
b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(exp)s(orted)g(so)h(that)150 986 y(subshells)f
(automatically)37 b(ha)m(v)m(e)d(them)g(de\014ned)e(with)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(the)f Fs(export)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)150
1095 y(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)i(page)f(35\).)47
b(Note)33 b(that)g(shell)f(functions)g(and)f(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(with)150 1205 y(the)d(same)g(name)g(ma)m(y)g(result)g(in)g(m)m
(ultiple)g(iden)m(tically-named)i(en)m(tries)f(in)e(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)g(passed)150 1315 y(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(c)m(hildren.)41
b(Care)30 b(should)g(b)s(e)f(tak)m(en)j(in)e(cases)h(where)f(this)g(ma)
m(y)h(cause)g(a)g(problem.)275 1454 y(F)-8 b(unctions)30
b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(recursiv)m(e.)41 b(No)31 b(limit)g(is)g(placed)g(on)
f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)g(recursiv)m(e)h(calls.)150
1722 y Fr(3.4)68 b(Shell)45 b(P)l(arameters)275 1971
y Ft(A)32 b Fq(parameter)40 b Ft(is)32 b(an)h(en)m(tit)m(y)h(that)f
(stores)g(v)-5 b(alues.)48 b(It)33 b(can)g(b)s(e)e(a)i
Fs(name)p Ft(,)g(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)f(or)g(one)h(of)g(the)150
2081 y(sp)s(ecial)i(c)m(haracters)h(listed)g(b)s(elo)m(w.)53
b(A)35 b Fq(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b Ft(is)34 b(a)h(parameter)h(denoted)e(b)
m(y)h(a)g Fs(name)p Ft(.)52 b(A)35 b(v)-5 b(ariable)150
2190 y(has)29 b(a)h Fq(v)-5 b(alue)35 b Ft(and)28 b(zero)j(or)e(more)g
Fq(attributes)p Ft(.)41 b(A)m(ttributes)30 b(are)g(assigned)g(using)f
(the)g Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin)150 2300 y(command)22
b(\(see)h(the)f(description)g(of)g(the)g Fs(declare)f
Ft(builtin)g(in)h(Section)h(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)j(page)d(41\).)275
2439 y(A)28 b(parameter)h(is)g(set)g(if)f(it)h(has)f(b)s(een)g
(assigned)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue.)40 b(The)28 b(n)m(ull)h(string)f(is)h(a)g
(v)-5 b(alid)28 b(v)-5 b(alue.)41 b(Once)150 2548 y(a)31
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(set,)i(it)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(unset)g(only)h
(b)m(y)f(using)g(the)g Fs(unset)f Ft(builtin)h(command.)275
2688 y(A)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(assigned)g(to)i(b)m(y)e
(a)h(statemen)m(t)h(of)e(the)h(form)390 2827 y Fj(name)11
b Fs(=[)p Fj(value)g Fs(])150 2966 y Ft(If)34 b Fq(v)-5
b(alue)40 b Ft(is)35 b(not)g(giv)m(en,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b(is)g(assigned)g(the)f(n)m(ull)h(string.)53 b(All)35
b Fq(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Ft(s)35 b(undergo)f(tilde)h(ex-)150
3075 y(pansion,)h(parameter)f(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(expansion,)f(command)g(substitution,)h(arithmetic)g(expansion,)150
3185 y(and)k(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)42 b(\(detailed)h(b)s(elo)m(w\).)
72 b(If)40 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(has)g(its)g Fs(integer)e
Ft(attribute)i(set,)j(then)150 3294 y Fq(v)-5 b(alue)38
b Ft(is)33 b(ev)-5 b(aluated)34 b(as)f(an)g(arithmetic)h(expression)f
(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h Fs($\(\(...)o(\)\))f Ft(expansion)h(is)g(not)g
(used)150 3404 y(\(see)e(Section)g(3.5.5)i([Arithmetic)e(Expansion],)f
(page)h(22\).)42 b(W)-8 b(ord)31 b(splitting)g(is)g(not)f(p)s
(erformed,)f(with)150 3514 y(the)35 b(exception)h(of)f
Fs("$@")f Ft(as)h(explained)g(b)s(elo)m(w.)54 b(Filename)36
b(expansion)f(is)g(not)g(p)s(erformed.)53 b(Assign-)150
3623 y(men)m(t)33 b(statemen)m(ts)h(ma)m(y)f(also)g(app)s(ear)f(as)g
(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g Fs(alias)p Ft(,)e Fs(declare)p
Ft(,)g Fs(typeset)p Ft(,)g Fs(export)p Ft(,)150 3733
y Fs(readonly)p Ft(,)d(and)i Fs(local)f Ft(builtin)h(commands.)275
3872 y(In)f(the)h(con)m(text)i(where)d(an)h(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m
(t)h(is)e(assigning)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(to)h(a)f(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(or)150 3981 y(arra)m(y)f(index)g(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)g
([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)g(76\),)g(the)f(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')g(op)s(erator)g
(can)h(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i(app)s(end)d(to)150 4091 y(or)36
b(add)g(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable's)37 b(previous)f(v)-5
b(alue.)59 b(When)36 b(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')g(is)g(applied)g(to)h(a)g(v)-5
b(ariable)37 b(for)f(whic)m(h)g(the)150 4201 y(in)m(teger)k(attribute)e
(has)g(b)s(een)g(set,)j Fq(v)-5 b(alue)44 b Ft(is)38
b(ev)-5 b(aluated)39 b(as)g(an)f(arithmetic)h(expression)f(and)g(added)
150 4310 y(to)e(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable's)36 b(curren)m(t)f(v)-5
b(alue,)37 b(whic)m(h)e(is)g(also)h(ev)-5 b(aluated.)56
b(When)35 b(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')g(is)h(applied)f(to)g(an)g(arra)m(y)150
4420 y(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b(using)e(comp)s(ound)f(assignmen)m(t)j(\(see)
f(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)i(page)f(76\),)h(the)e(v)-5
b(ariable's)25 b(v)-5 b(alue)150 4529 y(is)32 b(not)f(unset)h(\(as)g
(it)g(is)f(when)g(using)g(`)p Fs(=)p Ft('\),)i(and)e(new)g(v)-5
b(alues)32 b(are)g(app)s(ended)d(to)k(the)f(arra)m(y)g(b)s(eginning)150
4639 y(at)e(one)g(greater)h(than)f(the)g(arra)m(y's)g(maxim)m(um)f
(index.)40 b(When)30 b(applied)f(to)i(a)f(string-v)-5
b(alued)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable,)150 4748 y Fq(v)g(alue)36
b Ft(is)30 b(expanded)g(and)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable's)31 b(v)-5 b(alue.)150 4982 y Fk(3.4.1)63
b(P)m(ositional)41 b(P)m(arameters)275 5230 y Ft(A)36
b Fq(p)s(ositional)i(parameter)44 b Ft(is)37 b(a)g(parameter)g(denoted)
g(b)m(y)g(one)g(or)g(more)g(digits,)i(other)e(than)g(the)150
5340 y(single)k(digit)f Fs(0)p Ft(.)69 b(P)m(ositional)42
b(parameters)f(are)f(assigned)g(from)g(the)g(shell's)g(argumen)m(ts)g
(when)f(it)i(is)p eop end
%%Page: 16 22
TeXDict begin 16 21 bop 150 -116 a Ft(16)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)40
b(and)d(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(reassigned)g(using)f(the)i Fs(set)e
Ft(builtin)g(command.)61 b(P)m(ositional)39 b(parameter)e
Fs(N)150 408 y Ft(ma)m(y)27 b(b)s(e)g(referenced)f(as)h
Fs(${N})p Ft(,)g(or)g(as)g Fs($N)f Ft(when)g Fs(N)g Ft(consists)i(of)f
(a)g(single)g(digit.)41 b(P)m(ositional)29 b(parameters)150
518 y(ma)m(y)j(not)f(b)s(e)g(assigned)h(to)g(with)f(assignmen)m(t)h
(statemen)m(ts.)45 b(The)30 b Fs(set)h Ft(and)g Fs(shift)e
Ft(builtins)i(are)h(used)150 628 y(to)h(set)f(and)f(unset)h(them)g
(\(see)h(Chapter)e(4)h([Shell)g(Builtin)h(Commands],)e(page)i(35\).)47
b(The)31 b(p)s(ositional)150 737 y(parameters)24 b(are)g(temp)s
(orarily)g(replaced)h(when)d(a)j(shell)f(function)f(is)h(executed)h
(\(see)f(Section)h(3.3)g([Shell)150 847 y(F)-8 b(unctions],)31
b(page)h(14\).)275 979 y(When)27 b(a)i(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g
(consisting)f(of)h(more)f(than)g(a)g(single)h(digit)g(is)f(expanded,)g
(it)h(m)m(ust)150 1088 y(b)s(e)h(enclosed)h(in)f(braces.)150
1304 y Fk(3.4.2)63 b(Sp)s(ecial)41 b(P)m(arameters)275
1545 y Ft(The)27 b(shell)h(treats)h(sev)m(eral)g(parameters)g(sp)s
(ecially)-8 b(.)41 b(These)28 b(parameters)g(ma)m(y)g(only)g(b)s(e)g
(referenced;)150 1655 y(assignmen)m(t)j(to)g(them)g(is)f(not)h(allo)m
(w)m(ed.)150 1808 y Fs(*)432 b Ft(Expands)29 b(to)h(the)h(p)s
(ositional)f(parameters,)h(starting)g(from)e(one.)41
b(When)30 b(the)g(expansion)630 1918 y(o)s(ccurs)e(within)f(double)h
(quotes,)h(it)g(expands)e(to)i(a)f(single)h(w)m(ord)f(with)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)29 b(of)f(eac)m(h)630 2028 y(parameter)i(separated)g(b)m(y)f
(the)g(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i(of)e(the)h Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(v)
-5 b(ariable.)41 b(That)30 b(is,)630 2137 y Fs("$*")h
Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)33 b(to)h Fs("$1)p Fj(c)11
b Fs($2)p Fj(c)g Fs(...)l(")p Ft(,)33 b(where)f Fq(c)38
b Ft(is)32 b(the)h(\014rst)e(c)m(haracter)j(of)f(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)630 2247 y(of)30 b(the)g Fs(IFS)g Ft(v)-5 b(ariable.)41
b(If)30 b Fs(IFS)f Ft(is)h(unset,)g(the)g(parameters)g(are)h(separated)
f(b)m(y)g(spaces.)41 b(If)630 2356 y Fs(IFS)29 b Ft(is)i(n)m(ull,)f
(the)h(parameters)g(are)f(joined)h(without)f(in)m(terv)m(ening)i
(separators.)150 2510 y Fs(@)432 b Ft(Expands)29 b(to)h(the)h(p)s
(ositional)f(parameters,)h(starting)g(from)e(one.)41
b(When)30 b(the)g(expansion)630 2620 y(o)s(ccurs)c(within)g(double)f
(quotes,)j(eac)m(h)f(parameter)g(expands)e(to)i(a)g(separate)g(w)m
(ord.)39 b(That)630 2729 y(is,)29 b Fs("$@")e Ft(is)i(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)30 b(to)f Fs("$1")g("$2")h(...)o Ft(.)40 b(If)28
b(the)g(double-quoted)h(expansion)f(o)s(ccurs)630 2839
y(within)d(a)h(w)m(ord,)g(the)g(expansion)f(of)h(the)g(\014rst)f
(parameter)h(is)f(joined)h(with)f(the)h(b)s(eginning)630
2949 y(part)f(of)g(the)g(original)g(w)m(ord,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g
(of)g(the)g(last)h(parameter)f(is)g(joined)f(with)630
3058 y(the)37 b(last)g(part)g(of)f(the)h(original)h(w)m(ord.)59
b(When)36 b(there)h(are)g(no)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters,)630
3168 y Fs("$@")29 b Ft(and)h Fs($@)g Ft(expand)f(to)j(nothing)e
(\(i.e.,)i(they)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed\).)150 3321 y Fs(#)432
b Ft(Expands)29 b(to)i(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)h
(parameters)g(in)f(decimal.)150 3475 y Fs(?)432 b Ft(Expands)29
b(to)i(the)g(exit)g(status)g(of)f(the)h(most)f(recen)m(tly)i(executed)f
(foreground)f(pip)s(eline.)150 3629 y Fs(-)432 b Ft(\(A)31
b(h)m(yphen.\))42 b(Expands)30 b(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)g(option)h
(\015ags)f(as)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(up)s(on)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)630
3739 y(b)m(y)35 b(the)h Fs(set)e Ft(builtin)h(command,)h(or)g(those)g
(set)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(shell)h(itself)g(\(suc)m(h)f(as)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-i)p Ft(')630 3848 y(option\).)150 4002 y Fs($)432
b Ft(Expands)39 b(to)j(the)f(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)h Ft(of)g(the)g(shell.)
73 b(In)40 b(a)h Fs(\(\))f Ft(subshell,)j(it)e(expands)f(to)i(the)630
4112 y(pro)s(cess)30 b Fl(id)g Ft(of)h(the)g(in)m(v)m(oking)g(shell,)g
(not)g(the)f(subshell.)150 4265 y Fs(!)432 b Ft(Expands)39
b(to)i(the)g(pro)s(cess)e Fl(id)i Ft(of)f(the)h(most)g(recen)m(tly)g
(executed)g(bac)m(kground)g(\(asyn-)630 4375 y(c)m(hronous\))30
b(command.)150 4529 y Fs(0)432 b Ft(Expands)20 b(to)j(the)f(name)g(of)g
(the)g(shell)g(or)f(shell)h(script.)38 b(This)21 b(is)h(set)g(at)h
(shell)f(initialization.)630 4638 y(If)44 b(Bash)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)i(with)e(a)g(\014le)g(of)h(commands)e(\(see)j(Section)f(3.8)g
([Shell)f(Scripts],)630 4748 y(page)39 b(32\),)i Fs($0)d
Ft(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)f(name)g(of)g(that)h(\014le.)64
b(If)37 b(Bash)i(is)f(started)g(with)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-c)p
Ft(')630 4857 y(option)i(\(see)g(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)h
(Bash],)h(page)e(67\),)j(then)d Fs($0)e Ft(is)i(set)g(to)g(the)g
(\014rst)630 4967 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(after)g(the)g(string)g(to)g(b)s(e)
f(executed,)i(if)f(one)g(is)f(presen)m(t.)42 b(Otherwise,)31
b(it)g(is)f(set)630 5077 y(to)h(the)g(\014lename)f(used)g(to)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(e)h(Bash,)f(as)g(giv)m(en)g(b)m(y)f(argumen)m(t)h(zero.)150
5230 y Fs(_)432 b Ft(\(An)27 b(underscore.\))39 b(A)m(t)29
b(shell)e(startup,)h(set)f(to)h(the)g(absolute)g(pathname)f(used)f(to)i
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)630 5340 y(the)22 b(shell)g(or)g(shell)g(script)f(b)s
(eing)h(executed)h(as)f(passed)f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(or)e
(argumen)m(t)p eop end
%%Page: 17 23
TeXDict begin 17 22 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(17)630 299
y(list.)72 b(Subsequen)m(tly)-8 b(,)43 b(expands)c(to)j(the)e(last)i
(argumen)m(t)f(to)g(the)g(previous)f(command,)630 408
y(after)35 b(expansion.)54 b(Also)36 b(set)f(to)h(the)f(full)f
(pathname)h(used)f(to)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)i(eac)m(h)f(command)630
518 y(executed)42 b(and)e(placed)i(in)e(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(exp)s
(orted)f(to)g(that)h(command.)72 b(When)630 628 y(c)m(hec)m(king)32
b(mail,)f(this)g(parameter)g(holds)e(the)i(name)f(of)h(the)g(mail)g
(\014le.)150 901 y Fr(3.5)68 b(Shell)45 b(Expansions)275
1151 y Ft(Expansion)29 b(is)h(p)s(erformed)e(on)i(the)g(command)g(line)
g(after)h(it)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(split)h(in)m(to)h Fs(token)p
Ft(s.)39 b(There)150 1261 y(are)31 b(sev)m(en)g(kinds)e(of)i(expansion)
f(p)s(erformed:)225 1401 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(brace)31 b(expansion)225
1539 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(tilde)31 b(expansion)225 1677
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(parameter)31 b(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(expansion)225 1814 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(command)30 b(substitution)225
1952 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(arithmetic)32 b(expansion)225
2089 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(w)m(ord)30 b(splitting)225 2227
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(\014lename)31 b(expansion)275 2396
y(The)i(order)g(of)h(expansions)g(is:)47 b(brace)34 b(expansion,)h
(tilde)g(expansion,)f(parameter,)i(v)-5 b(ariable,)36
b(and)150 2505 y(arithmetic)46 b(expansion)f(and)g(command)f
(substitution)h(\(done)g(in)g(a)g(left-to-righ)m(t)j(fashion\),)h(w)m
(ord)150 2615 y(splitting,)31 b(and)f(\014lename)h(expansion.)275
2756 y(On)42 b(systems)h(that)h(can)g(supp)s(ort)e(it,)47
b(there)d(is)f(an)h(additional)g(expansion)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable:)69 b Fq(pro)s(cess)150 2865 y(substitution)p
Ft(.)61 b(This)36 b(is)h(p)s(erformed)f(at)i(the)f(same)h(time)f(as)h
(parameter,)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)40 b(and)d(arithmetic)150
2975 y(expansion)30 b(and)g(command)g(substitution.)275
3116 y(Only)35 b(brace)i(expansion,)h(w)m(ord)e(splitting,)j(and)d
(\014lename)g(expansion)g(can)h(c)m(hange)h(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)150
3225 y(of)h(w)m(ords)f(of)g(the)h(expansion;)i(other)e(expansions)f
(expand)g(a)h(single)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(a)g(single)g(w)m(ord.)58
b(The)150 3335 y(only)32 b(exceptions)i(to)f(this)f(are)h(the)f
(expansions)g(of)h Fs("$@")e Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(3.4.2)h([Sp)s(ecial)f
(P)m(arameters],)150 3444 y(page)e(16\))h(and)d Fs("${)p
Fj(name)11 b Fs([@]}")27 b Ft(\(see)k(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)g
(page)g(76\).)275 3585 y(After)41 b(all)i(expansions,)h
Fs(quote)29 b(removal)40 b Ft(\(see)i(Section)h(3.5.9)g([Quote)f(Remo)m
(v)-5 b(al],)47 b(page)42 b(25\))h(is)150 3695 y(p)s(erformed.)150
3931 y Fk(3.5.1)63 b(Brace)40 b(Expansion)275 4182 y
Ft(Brace)21 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)g(mec)m(hanism)g(b)m(y)g(whic)m(h)f
(arbitrary)h(strings)f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(generated.)38
b(This)20 b(mec)m(h-)150 4291 y(anism)35 b(is)h(similar)f(to)h
Fq(\014lename)g(expansion)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)g
(Expansion],)f(page)g(23\),)150 4401 y(but)31 b(the)h(\014le)g(names)f
(generated)i(need)f(not)g(exist.)45 b(P)m(atterns)33
b(to)f(b)s(e)f(brace)h(expanded)f(tak)m(e)i(the)f(form)150
4511 y(of)26 b(an)f(optional)h Fq(pream)m(ble)p Ft(,)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)g
(b)m(y)f(either)g(a)f(series)h(of)g(comma-separated)h(strings)e(or)g(a)
h(sequnce)150 4620 y(expression)36 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(a)h(pair)e(of)i
(braces,)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(an)g(optional)h Fq(p)s(ostscript)p
Ft(.)57 b(The)36 b(pream)m(ble)g(is)150 4730 y(pre\014xed)28
b(to)h(eac)m(h)h(string)f(con)m(tained)h(within)e(the)h(braces,)g(and)g
(the)g(p)s(ostscript)f(is)h(then)f(app)s(ended)f(to)150
4839 y(eac)m(h)32 b(resulting)e(string,)h(expanding)e(left)j(to)f(righ)
m(t.)275 4980 y(Brace)37 b(expansions)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(nested.)59
b(The)36 b(results)g(of)h(eac)m(h)g(expanded)f(string)g(are)h(not)g
(sorted;)150 5090 y(left)31 b(to)g(righ)m(t)g(order)f(is)g(preserv)m
(ed.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)390 5230 y Fs(bash$)46
b(echo)h(a{d,c,b}e)390 5340 y(ade)g(ace)g(abe)p eop end
%%Page: 18 24
TeXDict begin 18 23 bop 150 -116 a Ft(18)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(A)24 b(sequence)h(expression)g(tak)m
(es)h(the)f(form)f Fs({)p Fj(x)p Fs(..)p Fj(y)11 b Fs(})p
Ft(,)23 b(where)i Fq(x)30 b Ft(and)24 b Fq(y)33 b Ft(are)25
b(either)g(in)m(tegers)h(or)e(single)150 408 y(c)m(haracters.)43
b(When)30 b(in)m(tegers)i(are)f(supplied,)e(the)i(expression)f(expands)
g(to)h(eac)m(h)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i
Fq(x)150 518 y Ft(and)i Fq(y)p Ft(,)i(inclusiv)m(e.)53
b(When)34 b(c)m(haracters)h(are)f(supplied,)g(the)h(expression)e
(expands)g(to)i(eac)m(h)g(c)m(haracter)150 628 y(lexicographically)e(b)
s(et)m(w)m(een)e Fq(x)37 b Ft(and)30 b Fq(y)p Ft(,)h(inclusiv)m(e.)42
b(Note)31 b(that)g(b)s(oth)f Fq(x)37 b Ft(and)30 b Fq(y)38
b Ft(m)m(ust)30 b(b)s(e)g(of)h(the)g(same)150 737 y(t)m(yp)s(e.)275
874 y(Brace)36 b(expansion)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(b)s(efore)h(an)m(y)h
(other)g(expansions,)h(and)e(an)m(y)g(c)m(haracters)i(sp)s(ecial)150
983 y(to)32 b(other)g(expansions)g(are)g(preserv)m(ed)f(in)h(the)f
(result.)45 b(It)32 b(is)g(strictly)g(textual.)46 b(Bash)32
b(do)s(es)f(not)h(apply)150 1093 y(an)m(y)27 b(syn)m(tactic)i(in)m
(terpretation)g(to)f(the)f(con)m(text)i(of)e(the)g(expansion)g(or)g
(the)h(text)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)h(braces.)150 1202
y(T)-8 b(o)37 b(a)m(v)m(oid)g(con\015icts)g(with)f(parameter)h
(expansion,)g(the)g(string)f(`)p Fs(${)p Ft(')g(is)g(not)g(considered)g
(eligible)i(for)150 1312 y(brace)31 b(expansion.)275
1448 y(A)e(correctly-formed)i(brace)f(expansion)f(m)m(ust)h(con)m(tain)
h(unquoted)e(op)s(ening)g(and)g(closing)i(braces,)150
1558 y(and)h(at)i(least)g(one)f(unquoted)g(comma)g(or)g(a)h(v)-5
b(alid)33 b(sequence)g(expression.)48 b(An)m(y)33 b(incorrectly)h
(formed)150 1667 y(brace)d(expansion)f(is)g(left)h(unc)m(hanged.)275
1804 y(A)25 b Fs({)g Ft(or)g(`)p Fs(,)p Ft(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(quoted)
g(with)g(a)h(bac)m(kslash)f(to)h(prev)m(en)m(t)g(its)g(b)s(eing)f
(considered)g(part)g(of)g(a)h(brace)150 1913 y(expression.)51
b(T)-8 b(o)34 b(a)m(v)m(oid)i(con\015icts)e(with)g(parameter)g
(expansion,)h(the)f(string)g(`)p Fs(${)p Ft(')g(is)g(not)g(considered)
150 2023 y(eligible)e(for)e(brace)h(expansion.)275 2159
y(This)f(construct)h(is)g(t)m(ypically)i(used)d(as)h(shorthand)f(when)g
(the)h(common)g(pre\014x)f(of)h(the)g(strings)g(to)150
2269 y(b)s(e)f(generated)h(is)g(longer)g(than)f(in)g(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)i(example:)390 2405 y Fs(mkdir)46 b(/usr/local/src/bash/{old,n)o
(ew,)o(dist)o(,bug)o(s})275 2541 y Ft(or)390 2677 y Fs(chown)g(root)h
(/usr/{ucb/{ex,edit},lib/)o({ex?)o(.?*,)o(how)o(_ex})o(})150
2905 y Fk(3.5.2)63 b(Tilde)41 b(Expansion)275 3151 y
Ft(If)i(a)i(w)m(ord)e(b)s(egins)h(with)f(an)h(unquoted)f(tilde)i(c)m
(haracter)h(\(`)p Fs(~)p Ft('\),)i(all)d(of)g(the)f(c)m(haracters)h(up)
e(to)150 3261 y(the)35 b(\014rst)f(unquoted)f(slash)i(\(or)g(all)g(c)m
(haracters,)i(if)e(there)g(is)f(no)h(unquoted)e(slash\))i(are)g
(considered)g(a)150 3370 y Fq(tilde-pre\014x)p Ft(.)55
b(If)35 b(none)g(of)g(the)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i(tilde-pre\014x)f
(are)g(quoted,)i(the)e(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)150 3480
y(tilde-pre\014x)27 b(follo)m(wing)h(the)f(tilde)h(are)f(treated)h(as)f
(a)g(p)s(ossible)f Fq(login)i(name)p Ft(.)39 b(If)27
b(this)f(login)i(name)f(is)g(the)150 3589 y(n)m(ull)k(string,)h(the)f
(tilde)h(is)g(replaced)g(with)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(of)f(the)h Fs(HOME)e Ft(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable.)45
b(If)31 b Fs(HOME)f Ft(is)h(unset,)150 3699 y(the)37
b(home)f(directory)h(of)g(the)f(user)g(executing)i(the)f(shell)f(is)h
(substituted)f(instead.)59 b(Otherwise,)38 b(the)150
3809 y(tilde-pre\014x)30 b(is)h(replaced)g(with)f(the)g(home)h
(directory)g(asso)s(ciated)g(with)f(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(login)h
(name.)275 3945 y(If)h(the)h(tilde-pre\014x)f(is)h(`)p
Fs(~+)p Ft(',)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariable)34 b Fs(PWD)d Ft(replaces)j(the)f(tilde-pre\014x.)47
b(If)150 4054 y(the)31 b(tilde-pre\014x)f(is)g(`)p Fs(~-)p
Ft(',)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(OLDPWD)p Ft(,)e(if)h(it)h(is)g(set,)g(is)f
(substituted.)275 4191 y(If)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(follo)m(wing)h(the)
e(tilde)g(in)g(the)g(tilde-pre\014x)g(consist)g(of)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)d Fq(N)p Ft(,)j(optionally)150 4300 y(pre\014xed)22
b(b)m(y)h(a)h(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')f(or)h(a)f(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)j(the)d
(tilde-pre\014x)g(is)h(replaced)f(with)g(the)h(corresp)s(onding)e
(elemen)m(t)j(from)e(the)150 4410 y(directory)36 b(stac)m(k,)i(as)e(it)
g(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(b)m(y)g(the)f
Fs(dirs)g Ft(builtin)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(with)e(the)g(c)m(haracters)
150 4519 y(follo)m(wing)40 b(tilde)f(in)g(the)f(tilde-pre\014x)h(as)g
(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(\(see)h(Section)f(6.8)h([The)e(Directory)i(Stac)m
(k],)150 4629 y(page)c(77\).)57 b(If)35 b(the)g(tilde-pre\014x,)i(sans)
e(the)h(tilde,)h(consists)f(of)g(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(without)i(a)f
(leading)h(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')g(or)150 4739 y(`)p Fs(-)p
Ft(',)31 b(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')f(is)h(assumed.)275 4875 y(If)e(the)i(login)
g(name)g(is)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid,)31 b(or)g(the)f(tilde)h(expansion)f
(fails,)i(the)e(w)m(ord)g(is)h(left)g(unc)m(hanged.)275
5011 y(Eac)m(h)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(assignmen)m(t)h(is)e(c)m(hec)m
(k)m(ed)j(for)d(unquoted)g(tilde-pre\014xes)h(immediately)g(follo)m
(wing)150 5121 y(a)d(`)p Fs(:)p Ft(')g(or)g(the)g(\014rst)f(`)p
Fs(=)p Ft('.)54 b(In)34 b(these)h(cases,)i(tilde)e(expansion)g(is)g
(also)h(p)s(erformed.)52 b(Consequen)m(tly)-8 b(,)37
b(one)150 5230 y(ma)m(y)27 b(use)e(\014le)h(names)g(with)g(tildes)g(in)
g(assignmen)m(ts)h(to)g Fs(PATH)p Ft(,)f Fs(MAILPATH)p
Ft(,)e(and)i Fs(CDPATH)p Ft(,)f(and)h(the)g(shell)150
5340 y(assigns)31 b(the)f(expanded)g(v)-5 b(alue.)p eop
end
%%Page: 19 25
TeXDict begin 19 24 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(19)275 299
y(The)29 b(follo)m(wing)j(table)g(sho)m(ws)e(ho)m(w)g(Bash)h(treats)g
(unquoted)e(tilde-pre\014xes:)150 472 y Fs(~)432 b Ft(The)30
b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($HOME)150 641 y(~/foo)240
b Ft(`)p Fs($HOME/foo)p Ft(')150 809 y Fs(~fred/foo)630
919 y Ft(The)30 b(sub)s(directory)f Fs(foo)h Ft(of)g(the)h(home)f
(directory)h(of)g(the)f(user)g Fs(fred)150 1087 y(~+/foo)192
b Ft(`)p Fs($PWD/foo)p Ft(')150 1256 y Fs(~-/foo)g Ft(`)p
Fs(${OLDPWD-'~-'}/foo)p Ft(')150 1424 y Fs(~)p Fj(N)384
b Ft(The)30 b(string)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(b)m
(y)f(`)p Fs(dirs)g(+)p Fj(N)11 b Ft(')150 1593 y Fs(~+)p
Fj(N)336 b Ft(The)30 b(string)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m
(ed)h(b)m(y)f(`)p Fs(dirs)g(+)p Fj(N)11 b Ft(')150 1761
y Fs(~-)p Fj(N)336 b Ft(The)30 b(string)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(b)s(e)g
(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(`)p Fs(dirs)g(-)p Fj(N)11
b Ft(')150 2004 y Fk(3.5.3)63 b(Shell)41 b(P)m(arameter)f(Expansion)275
2257 y Ft(The)26 b(`)p Fs($)p Ft(')i(c)m(haracter)h(in)m(tro)s(duces)e
(parameter)h(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)h(or)g(arithmetic)150
2367 y(expansion.)38 b(The)22 b(parameter)h(name)f(or)g(sym)m(b)s(ol)h
(to)g(b)s(e)e(expanded)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(enclosed)h(in)f(braces,)i
(whic)m(h)150 2476 y(are)31 b(optional)g(but)f(serv)m(e)h(to)h(protect)
f(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)f(expanded)g(from)g(c)m
(haracters)i(immediately)150 2586 y(follo)m(wing)g(it)f(whic)m(h)f
(could)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(part)h(of)f(the)h(name.)275
2729 y(When)44 b(braces)i(are)f(used,)j(the)e(matc)m(hing)g(ending)f
(brace)g(is)g(the)g(\014rst)g(`)p Fs(})p Ft(')g(not)g(escap)s(ed)h(b)m
(y)f(a)150 2839 y(bac)m(kslash)40 b(or)f(within)g(a)g(quoted)g(string,)
j(and)c(not)i(within)e(an)h(em)m(b)s(edded)f(arithmetic)j(expansion,)
150 2949 y(command)30 b(substitution,)g(or)h(parameter)g(expansion.)275
3092 y(The)40 b(basic)h(form)g(of)g(parameter)h(expansion)e(is)h($)p
Fs({)p Fq(parameter)7 b Fs(})p Ft(.)73 b(The)40 b(v)-5
b(alue)42 b(of)f Fq(parameter)48 b Ft(is)150 3202 y(substituted.)43
b(The)31 b(braces)g(are)h(required)e(when)h Fq(parameter)38
b Ft(is)31 b(a)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(with)f(more)150
3311 y(than)h(one)g(digit,)i(or)e(when)g Fq(parameter)39
b Ft(is)32 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(a)h(c)m(haracter)h(that)e(is)h
(not)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(in)m(terpreted)150 3421 y(as)f(part)f(of)g(its)h
(name.)275 3565 y(If)26 b(the)i(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)e
Fq(parameter)35 b Ft(is)27 b(an)g(exclamation)j(p)s(oin)m(t,)e(a)g(lev)
m(el)h(of)e(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(indirection)150 3674
y(is)38 b(in)m(tro)s(duced.)62 b(Bash)38 b(uses)f(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)38 b(of)g(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(formed)e(from)g(the)h(rest)g
(of)g Fq(parameter)45 b Ft(as)150 3784 y(the)32 b(name)h(of)f(the)h(v)
-5 b(ariable;)34 b(this)e(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(is)g(then)f(expanded)f
(and)h(that)h(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(is)h(used)e(in)h(the)h(rest)150
3893 y(of)h(the)f(substitution,)i(rather)e(than)g(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)34 b(of)g Fq(parameter)40 b Ft(itself.)51 b(This)33
b(is)g(kno)m(wn)g(as)h Fs(indirect)150 4003 y(expansion)p
Ft(.)81 b(The)44 b(exceptions)h(to)h(this)e(are)h(the)g(expansions)f
(of)h($)p Fs({)p Ft(!)p Fq(pre\014x*)8 b Fs(})43 b Ft(and)h($)p
Fs({)p Ft(!)p Fq(name)5 b Ft([)p Fs(@)p Ft(])p Fs(})150
4112 y Ft(describ)s(ed)28 b(b)s(elo)m(w.)41 b(The)28
b(exclamation)j(p)s(oin)m(t)f(m)m(ust)f(immediately)h(follo)m(w)g(the)g
(left)f(brace)h(in)f(order)f(to)150 4222 y(in)m(tro)s(duce)i
(indirection.)275 4366 y(In)39 b(eac)m(h)i(of)g(the)f(cases)h(b)s(elo)m
(w,)i Fq(w)m(ord)h Ft(is)c(sub)5 b(ject)40 b(to)h(tilde)f(expansion,)j
(parameter)e(expansion,)150 4475 y(command)30 b(substitution,)g(and)g
(arithmetic)i(expansion.)275 4619 y(When)h(not)g(p)s(erforming)f
(substring)g(expansion,)j(Bash)e(tests)h(for)f(a)h(parameter)g(that)g
(is)f(unset)g(or)150 4729 y(n)m(ull;)38 b(omitting)e(the)f(colon)h
(results)f(in)g(a)h(test)g(only)f(for)g(a)g(parameter)h(that)f(is)h
(unset.)54 b(Put)35 b(another)150 4838 y(w)m(a)m(y)-8
b(,)31 b(if)e(the)g(colon)h(is)f(included,)f(the)h(op)s(erator)h(tests)
f(for)g(b)s(oth)f(existence)i(and)f(that)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)30 b(is)f(not)150 4948 y(n)m(ull;)i(if)f(the)g(colon)i(is)e
(omitted,)i(the)e(op)s(erator)h(tests)g(only)g(for)f(existence.)150
5121 y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(:)p Fp(\000)p Fj(word)g
Fs(})630 5230 y Ft(If)30 b Fq(parameter)37 b Ft(is)30
b(unset)g(or)h(n)m(ull,)f(the)h(expansion)f(of)g Fq(w)m(ord)k
Ft(is)c(substituted.)40 b(Otherwise,)630 5340 y(the)31
b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)h Fq(parameter)37 b Ft(is)31 b(substituted.)p
eop end
%%Page: 20 26
TeXDict begin 20 25 bop 150 -116 a Ft(20)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11
b Fs(:=)p Fj(word)g Fs(})630 408 y Ft(If)33 b Fq(parameter)40
b Ft(is)33 b(unset)f(or)h(n)m(ull,)h(the)f(expansion)g(of)g
Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(is)d(assigned)g(to)h Fq(parameter)p Ft(.)630
518 y(The)c(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)f Fq(parameter)38 b Ft(is)31
b(then)g(substituted.)42 b(P)m(ositional)33 b(parameters)e(and)f(sp)s
(ecial)630 628 y(parameters)h(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(assigned)h(to)g
(in)f(this)g(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)150 805 y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11
b Fs(:?)p Fj(word)g Fs(})630 914 y Ft(If)26 b Fq(parameter)33
b Ft(is)26 b(n)m(ull)g(or)g(unset,)h(the)f(expansion)g(of)g
Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(\(or)c(a)h(message)g(to)g(that)f(e\013ect)630
1024 y(if)i Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(is)d(not)g(presen)m(t\))h(is)f(written)g
(to)h(the)f(standard)f(error)h(and)f(the)h(shell,)h(if)f(it)h(is)f(not)
630 1133 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)33 b(exits.)42 b(Otherwise,)30
b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fq(parameter)38 b Ft(is)30
b(substituted.)150 1310 y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(:+)p
Fj(word)g Fs(})630 1420 y Ft(If)35 b Fq(parameter)42
b Ft(is)36 b(n)m(ull)f(or)h(unset,)g(nothing)g(is)f(substituted,)i
(otherwise)e(the)h(expansion)630 1530 y(of)31 b Fq(w)m(ord)i
Ft(is)e(substituted.)150 1707 y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11
b Fs(:)p Fj(offset)g Fs(})150 1816 y(${)p Fj(parameter)g
Fs(:)p Fj(offset)g Fs(:)p Fj(le)o(ngt)o(h)g Fs(})630
1926 y Ft(Expands)44 b(to)i(up)e(to)i Fq(length)g Ft(c)m(haracters)h
(of)e Fq(parameter)53 b Ft(starting)46 b(at)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)630
2035 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)30 b(b)m(y)h Fq(o\013set)p Ft(.)42
b(If)31 b Fq(length)g Ft(is)g(omitted,)h(expands)e(to)h(the)g
(substring)f(of)g Fq(parameter)630 2145 y Ft(starting)38
b(at)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)g
Fq(o\013set)p Ft(.)62 b Fq(length)38 b Ft(and)f Fq(o\013set)j
Ft(are)e(arithmetic)630 2255 y(expressions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)g(6.5)g
([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)h(page)g(74\).)43 b(This)30 b(is)h(referred)f
(to)i(as)630 2364 y(Substring)d(Expansion.)630 2508 y
Fq(length)j Ft(m)m(ust)f(ev)-5 b(aluate)33 b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e
(greater)i(than)f(or)g(equal)h(to)g(zero.)45 b(If)30
b Fq(o\013set)35 b Ft(ev)-5 b(al-)630 2617 y(uates)36
b(to)h(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(less)i(than)f(zero,)j(the)e(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(is)g(used)f(as)g(an)h(o\013set)h(from)e(the)h(end)630
2727 y(of)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)g Fq(parameter)p
Ft(.)62 b(If)37 b Fq(parameter)45 b Ft(is)37 b(`)p Fs(@)p
Ft(',)j(the)d(result)h(is)f Fq(length)h Ft(p)s(ositional)630
2836 y(parameters)d(b)s(eginning)e(at)i Fq(o\013set)p
Ft(.)54 b(If)34 b Fq(parameter)41 b Ft(is)34 b(an)h(arra)m(y)f(name)h
(indexed)f(b)m(y)g(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')630 2946 y(or)f(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)g(result)g(is)g(the)g Fq(length)g
Ft(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)g
Fs(${)p Fj(param-)630 3055 y(eter)11 b Fs([)p Fj(offset)g
Fs(]})p Ft(.)65 b(A)40 b(negativ)m(e)j Fq(o\013set)g
Ft(is)d(tak)m(en)h(relativ)m(e)h(to)f(one)g(greater)g(than)f(the)630
3165 y(maxim)m(um)27 b(index)g(of)g(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)41 b(Note)28 b(that)g(a)g(negativ)m(e)h(o\013set)f(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)
g(sep-)630 3275 y(arated)d(from)e(the)i(colon)g(b)m(y)f(at)h(least)g
(one)g(space)f(to)h(a)m(v)m(oid)h(b)s(eing)d(confused)h(with)g(the)g(`)
p Fs(:-)p Ft(')630 3384 y(expansion.)61 b(Substring)35
b(indexing)i(is)g(zero-based)h(unless)e(the)i(p)s(ositional)g
(parameters)630 3494 y(are)31 b(used,)f(in)g(whic)m(h)g(case)h(the)g
(indexing)f(starts)h(at)g(1.)150 3671 y Fs(${!)p Fj(prefix)11
b Fs(*})150 3780 y(${!)p Fj(prefix)g Fs(@})630 3890 y
Ft(Expands)34 b(to)j(the)f(names)g(of)g(v)-5 b(ariables)37
b(whose)e(names)h(b)s(egin)f(with)h Fq(pre\014x)p Ft(,)g(separated)630
4000 y(b)m(y)30 b(the)h(\014rst)e(c)m(haracter)j(of)f(the)g
Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 4177 y Fs(${!)p
Fj(name)11 b Fs([@]})150 4286 y(${!)p Fj(name)g Fs([*]})630
4396 y Ft(If)26 b Fq(name)32 b Ft(is)27 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable,)29 b(expands)d(to)h(the)g(list)g(of)g(arra)m(y)g(indices)g
(\(k)m(eys\))h(assigned)630 4505 y(in)c Fq(name)p Ft(.)39
b(If)24 b Fq(name)30 b Ft(is)24 b(not)h(an)f(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)27 b(expands)c(to)j(0)f(if)f Fq(name)30 b Ft(is)24
b(set)h(and)f(n)m(ull)g(otherwise.)630 4615 y(When)39
b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')h(is)f(used)g(and)f(the)i(expansion)f(app)s(ears)g
(within)f(double)h(quotes,)k(eac)m(h)d(k)m(ey)630 4725
y(expands)30 b(to)h(a)f(separate)i(w)m(ord.)150 4902
y Fs(${#)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(})630 5011 y Ft(The)40
b(length)g(in)g(c)m(haracters)i(of)e(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5
b(alue)41 b(of)f Fq(parameter)47 b Ft(is)40 b(substituted.)630
5121 y(If)i Fq(parameter)50 b Ft(is)43 b(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p
Fs(@)p Ft(',)k(the)c(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(substituted)f(is)h(the)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ositional)630 5230 y(parameters.)i(If)32
b Fq(parameter)38 b Ft(is)32 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(name)g(subscripted)f(b)m
(y)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(or)g(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(',)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)630 5340 y(substituted)30 b(is)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(elemen)m(ts)i(in)e(the)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 21 27
TeXDict begin 21 26 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(21)150 299
y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(#)p Fj(word)g Fs(})150
408 y(${)p Fj(parameter)g Fs(##)p Fj(word)g Fs(})630
518 y Ft(The)31 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)d(expanded)f(to)i(pro)s(duce)e(a)h
(pattern)g(just)f(as)i(in)e(\014lename)h(expansion)g(\(see)630
628 y(Section)k(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)g(page)f(23\).)56
b(If)35 b(the)h(pattern)f(matc)m(hes)i(the)e(b)s(e-)630
737 y(ginning)28 b(of)g(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5 b(alue)29
b(of)f Fq(parameter)p Ft(,)h(then)f(the)g(result)g(of)h(the)f
(expansion)g(is)630 847 y(the)36 b(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(of)g Fq(parameter)43 b Ft(with)35 b(the)h(shortest)g(matc)m(hing)h
(pattern)f(\(the)g(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')630 956 y(case\))26
b(or)f(the)g(longest)g(matc)m(hing)h(pattern)f(\(the)g(`)p
Fs(##)p Ft(')g(case\))h(deleted.)39 b(If)24 b Fq(parameter)32
b Ft(is)25 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')630 1066 y(or)j(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(',)i(the)e(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)29 b(op)s(eration)g(is)f
(applied)h(to)g(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)630
1176 y(turn,)i(and)g(the)h(expansion)g(is)g(the)g(resultan)m(t)g(list.)
45 b(If)32 b Fq(parameter)38 b Ft(is)32 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)630 1285 y(subscripted)39 b(with)g(`)p Fs(@)p
Ft(')h(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)j(the)d(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)41 b(op)s(eration)f(is)g(applied)g(to)h(eac)m(h)630
1395 y(mem)m(b)s(er)30 b(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)f(and)h(the)h
(expansion)f(is)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 1553
y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(\045)p Fj(word)g Fs(})150
1662 y(${)p Fj(parameter)g Fs(\045\045)p Fj(word)g Fs(})630
1772 y Ft(The)35 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)c(expanded)g(to)h(pro)s(duce)e(a)
i(pattern)f(just)g(as)h(in)f(\014lename)h(expansion.)55
b(If)630 1881 y(the)43 b(pattern)g(matc)m(hes)h(a)g(trailing)g(p)s
(ortion)e(of)h(the)g(expanded)g(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(of)g
Fq(parameter)p Ft(,)630 1991 y(then)c(the)g(result)g(of)h(the)f
(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)f Fq(parameter)46
b Ft(with)39 b(the)h(shortest)630 2100 y(matc)m(hing)31
b(pattern)e(\(the)h(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')g(case\))h(or)e(the)h(longest)h
(matc)m(hing)f(pattern)g(\(the)g(`)p Fs(\045\045)p Ft(')g(case\))630
2210 y(deleted.)49 b(If)32 b Fq(parameter)40 b Ft(is)33
b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(the)f(pattern)g(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)34 b(op)s(eration)g(is)f(applied)f(to)630 2320 y(eac)m(h)38
b(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)f(turn,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g(is)h
(the)f(resultan)m(t)h(list.)61 b(If)630 2429 y Fq(parameter)38
b Ft(is)32 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)f(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)630 2539 y(op)s(eration)30 b(is)g(applied)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g(mem)m
(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)g(and)g(the)h(expansion)g
(is)630 2648 y(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 2806 y
Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(/)p Fj(pattern)g Fs(/)p
Fj(s)o(tri)o(ng)f Fs(})630 2916 y Ft(The)37 b Fq(pattern)g
Ft(is)g(expanded)g(to)h(pro)s(duce)e(a)h(pattern)g(just)g(as)h(in)e
(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 3025 y Fq(P)m(arameter)46
b Ft(is)38 b(expanded)f(and)g(the)i(longest)g(matc)m(h)g(of)f
Fq(pattern)g Ft(against)h(its)f(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)630
3135 y(replaced)34 b(with)e Fq(string)p Ft(.)49 b(If)33
b Fq(pattern)g Ft(b)s(egins)g(with)f(`)p Fs(/)p Ft(',)j(all)f(matc)m
(hes)g(of)f Fq(pattern)g Ft(are)h(re-)630 3244 y(placed)28
b(with)f Fq(string)p Ft(.)40 b(Normally)28 b(only)f(the)h(\014rst)e
(matc)m(h)j(is)e(replaced.)40 b(If)27 b Fq(pattern)g
Ft(b)s(egins)630 3354 y(with)34 b(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(',)h(it)g(m)m(ust)f
(matc)m(h)h(at)f(the)h(b)s(eginning)e(of)h(the)g(expanded)f(v)-5
b(alue)35 b(of)f Fq(parameter)p Ft(.)630 3464 y(If)g
Fq(pattern)g Ft(b)s(egins)g(with)g(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(',)h(it)g(m)m(ust)f
(matc)m(h)h(at)g(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5
b(alue)35 b(of)630 3573 y Fq(parameter)p Ft(.)41 b(If)29
b Fq(string)37 b Ft(is)29 b(n)m(ull,)h(matc)m(hes)h(of)e
Fq(pattern)h Ft(are)g(deleted)g(and)f(the)g Fs(/)g Ft(follo)m(wing)630
3683 y Fq(pattern)34 b Ft(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(omitted.)51
b(If)33 b Fq(parameter)41 b Ft(is)33 b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')h(or)g(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft(',)g(the)g(substitution)f(op)s(eration)630
3792 y(is)38 b(applied)g(to)g(eac)m(h)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)f(in)
g(turn,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g(is)g(the)g(re-)630
3902 y(sultan)m(t)f(list.)59 b(If)36 b Fq(parameter)43
b Ft(is)36 b(an)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(subscripted)e(with)h
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(the)630 4012
y(substitution)30 b(op)s(eration)h(is)f(applied)g(to)h(eac)m(h)g(mem)m
(b)s(er)f(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)f(and)h(the)630
4121 y(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(resultan)m(t)h(list.)150
4343 y Fk(3.5.4)63 b(Command)41 b(Substitution)275 4586
y Ft(Command)29 b(substitution)i(allo)m(ws)h(the)f(output)g(of)g(a)g
(command)g(to)g(replace)h(the)f(command)g(itself.)150
4696 y(Command)e(substitution)h(o)s(ccurs)h(when)e(a)i(command)f(is)g
(enclosed)h(as)g(follo)m(ws:)390 4829 y Fs($\()p Fj(command)11
b Fs(\))150 4963 y Ft(or)390 5097 y Fs(`)p Fj(command)g
Fs(`)150 5230 y Ft(Bash)45 b(p)s(erforms)f(the)h(expansion)f(b)m(y)h
(executing)i Fq(command)h Ft(and)c(replacing)i(the)f(command)g(sub-)150
5340 y(stitution)c(with)f(the)g(standard)g(output)g(of)g(the)g
(command,)j(with)d(an)m(y)h(trailing)g(newlines)f(deleted.)p
eop end
%%Page: 22 28
TeXDict begin 22 27 bop 150 -116 a Ft(22)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(Em)m(b)s(edded)f(newlines)h(are)h
(not)f(deleted,)i(but)e(they)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)i(during)
d(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)44 b(The)150 408 y(command)21
b(substitution)g Fs($\(cat)29 b Fj(file)11 b Fs(\))20
b Ft(can)i(b)s(e)f(replaced)g(b)m(y)h(the)g(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)22 b(but)f(faster)h Fs($\(<)30 b Fj(file)11
b Fs(\))p Ft(.)275 547 y(When)33 b(the)i(old-st)m(yle)h(bac)m(kquote)f
(form)f(of)g(substitution)g(is)g(used,)h(bac)m(kslash)f(retains)h(its)f
(literal)150 656 y(meaning)k(except)h(when)e(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e
(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)j(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(',)f(or)e(`)p Fs(\\)p
Ft('.)64 b(The)38 b(\014rst)f(bac)m(kquote)j(not)e(preceded)g(b)m(y)g
(a)150 766 y(bac)m(kslash)j(terminates)g(the)f(command)g(substitution.)
69 b(When)40 b(using)g(the)g Fs($\()p Fj(command)11 b
Fs(\))37 b Ft(form,)42 b(all)150 875 y(c)m(haracters)32
b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)f(paren)m(theses)h(mak)m(e)g(up)f(the)g
(command;)h(none)f(are)h(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275
1014 y(Command)22 b(substitutions)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(nested.)39
b(T)-8 b(o)23 b(nest)g(when)f(using)h(the)g(bac)m(kquoted)h(form,)g
(escap)s(e)150 1123 y(the)31 b(inner)e(bac)m(kquotes)j(with)e(bac)m
(kslashes.)275 1262 y(If)e(the)i(substitution)e(app)s(ears)h(within)g
(double)f(quotes,)i(w)m(ord)f(splitting)h(and)f(\014lename)g(expansion)
150 1371 y(are)i(not)f(p)s(erformed)f(on)h(the)h(results.)150
1603 y Fk(3.5.5)63 b(Arithmetic)40 b(Expansion)275 1851
y Ft(Arithmetic)33 b(expansion)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)e(ev)-5
b(aluation)34 b(of)f(an)f(arithmetic)i(expression)e(and)g(the)g
(substi-)150 1960 y(tution)f(of)f(the)h(result.)40 b(The)30
b(format)h(for)f(arithmetic)i(expansion)e(is:)390 2098
y Fs($\(\()47 b Fj(expression)55 b Fs(\)\))275 2237 y
Ft(The)33 b(expression)g(is)h(treated)g(as)g(if)g(it)g(w)m(ere)g
(within)f(double)h(quotes,)h(but)e(a)h(double)f(quote)h(inside)150
2346 y(the)27 b(paren)m(theses)g(is)g(not)g(treated)h(sp)s(ecially)-8
b(.)41 b(All)27 b(tok)m(ens)h(in)e(the)h(expression)g(undergo)f
(parameter)h(ex-)150 2456 y(pansion,)h(command)f(substitution,)h(and)f
(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)41 b(Arithmetic)28 b(expansions)g(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)f(nested.)275 2594 y(The)34 b(ev)-5 b(aluation)37
b(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(according)i(to)g(the)g(rules)f(listed)h(b)s(elo)m
(w)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)150 2704 y(Arithmetic],)32
b(page)f(74\).)42 b(If)30 b(the)h(expression)f(is)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid,)32 b(Bash)e(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(message)g(indicating)h(failure)150
2813 y(to)f(the)g(standard)e(error)h(and)g(no)g(substitution)g(o)s
(ccurs.)150 3045 y Fk(3.5.6)63 b(Pro)s(cess)42 b(Substitution)275
3293 y Ft(Pro)s(cess)33 b(substitution)h(is)g(supp)s(orted)e(on)h
(systems)h(that)h(supp)s(ort)d(named)h(pip)s(es)g(\()p
Fl(fif)n(o)p Ft(s\))h(or)g(the)150 3402 y(`)p Fs(/dev/fd)p
Ft(')29 b(metho)s(d)h(of)g(naming)g(op)s(en)g(\014les.)41
b(It)30 b(tak)m(es)i(the)f(form)f(of)390 3540 y Fs(<\()p
Fj(list)11 b Fs(\))150 3679 y Ft(or)390 3817 y Fs(>\()p
Fj(list)g Fs(\))150 3955 y Ft(The)23 b(pro)s(cess)g Fq(list)j
Ft(is)d(run)f(with)h(its)h(input)f(or)g(output)g(connected)h(to)h(a)e
Fl(fif)n(o)g Ft(or)h(some)g(\014le)f(in)g(`)p Fs(/dev/fd)p
Ft('.)150 4065 y(The)28 b(name)h(of)g(this)f(\014le)h(is)g(passed)f(as)
h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(command)h(as)f(the)h
(result)g(of)g(the)150 4174 y(expansion.)40 b(If)28 b(the)h
Fs(>\()p Fj(list)11 b Fs(\))26 b Ft(form)i(is)h(used,)f(writing)h(to)g
(the)g(\014le)f(will)h(pro)m(vide)g(input)f(for)g Fq(list)p
Ft(.)41 b(If)28 b(the)150 4284 y Fs(<\()p Fj(list)11
b Fs(\))23 b Ft(form)h(is)i(used,)f(the)h(\014le)f(passed)g(as)g(an)g
(argumen)m(t)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(read)g(to)h(obtain)g(the)f(output)g(of)
150 4394 y Fq(list)p Ft(.)41 b(Note)31 b(that)f(no)g(space)g(ma)m(y)g
(app)s(ear)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g Fs(<)f Ft(or)h
Fs(>)f Ft(and)g(the)h(left)g(paren)m(thesis,)h(otherwise)150
4503 y(the)g(construct)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(a)h
(redirection.)275 4641 y(When)36 b(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)40
b(pro)s(cess)c(substitution)h(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(sim)m(ultaneously)i
(with)g(parameter)g(and)150 4751 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)i(expansion.)
150 4983 y Fk(3.5.7)63 b(W)-10 b(ord)41 b(Splitting)275
5230 y Ft(The)35 b(shell)i(scans)f(the)g(results)g(of)g(parameter)h
(expansion,)h(command)d(substitution,)j(and)e(arith-)150
5340 y(metic)31 b(expansion)g(that)g(did)e(not)i(o)s(ccur)f(within)g
(double)g(quotes)h(for)f(w)m(ord)g(splitting.)p eop end
%%Page: 23 29
TeXDict begin 23 28 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(23)275 299
y(The)43 b(shell)h(treats)h(eac)m(h)h(c)m(haracter)f(of)g
Fs($IFS)e Ft(as)h(a)g(delimiter,)49 b(and)43 b(splits)h(the)h(results)e
(of)i(the)150 408 y(other)40 b(expansions)f(in)m(to)i(w)m(ords)e(on)h
(these)g(c)m(haracters.)70 b(If)39 b Fs(IFS)g Ft(is)h(unset,)i(or)d
(its)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(is)g(exactly)150 518 y Fs
(<space><tab><newline>)p Ft(,)20 b(the)25 b(default,)h(then)e(an)m(y)g
(sequence)h(of)g Fs(IFS)e Ft(c)m(haracters)j(serv)m(es)f(to)g(delimit)
150 628 y(w)m(ords.)38 b(If)21 b Fs(IFS)h Ft(has)g(a)h(v)-5
b(alue)23 b(other)f(than)h(the)f(default,)j(then)d(sequences)g(of)h
(the)f(whitespace)h(c)m(haracters)150 737 y Fs(space)j
Ft(and)h Fs(tab)g Ft(are)h(ignored)g(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(and)g
(end)g(of)h(the)g(w)m(ord,)g(as)g(long)g(as)g(the)g(whitespace)150
847 y(c)m(haracter)34 b(is)f(in)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)33
b(of)f Fs(IFS)g Ft(\(an)h Fs(IFS)e Ft(whitespace)j(c)m(haracter\).)49
b(An)m(y)32 b(c)m(haracter)i(in)f Fs(IFS)e Ft(that)150
956 y(is)f(not)h Fs(IFS)f Ft(whitespace,)h(along)g(with)f(an)m(y)h
(adjacen)m(t)h Fs(IFS)d Ft(whitespace)i(c)m(haracters,)h(delimits)f(a)g
(\014eld.)150 1066 y(A)h(sequence)h(of)f Fs(IFS)f Ft(whitespace)i(c)m
(haracters)h(is)e(also)h(treated)g(as)g(a)f(delimiter.)47
b(If)32 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)f Fs(IFS)150 1176
y Ft(is)e(n)m(ull,)h(no)f(w)m(ord)g(splitting)h(o)s(ccurs.)275
1304 y(Explicit)44 b(n)m(ull)f(argumen)m(ts)g(\()p Fs("")g
Ft(or)h Fs('')p Ft(\))f(are)g(retained.)80 b(Unquoted)43
b(implicit)h(n)m(ull)f(argumen)m(ts,)150 1414 y(resulting)24
b(from)f(the)g(expansion)g(of)h(parameters)g(that)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(no)e
(v)-5 b(alues,)25 b(are)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)40 b(If)23 b(a)g(parameter)150
1524 y(with)30 b(no)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(expanded)e(within)h(double)
g(quotes,)h(a)g(n)m(ull)f(argumen)m(t)h(results)f(and)g(is)g(retained.)
275 1652 y(Note)h(that)g(if)g(no)f(expansion)g(o)s(ccurs,)g(no)h
(splitting)g(is)f(p)s(erformed.)150 1859 y Fk(3.5.8)63
b(Filename)41 b(Expansion)275 2098 y Ft(After)22 b(w)m(ord)g
(splitting,)j(unless)d(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)h(has)f(b)s(een)
g(set)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3)f([The)f(Set)h(Builtin],)150
2207 y(page)k(53\),)i(Bash)d(scans)h(eac)m(h)h(w)m(ord)e(for)g(the)h(c)
m(haracters)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(',)g(and)e(`)p
Fs([)p Ft('.)39 b(If)26 b(one)h(of)g(these)f(c)m(haracters)150
2317 y(app)s(ears,)h(then)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(is)h(regarded)g(as)g(a)g
Fq(pattern)p Ft(,)g(and)g(replaced)g(with)f(an)h(alphab)s(etically)h
(sorted)150 2426 y(list)k(of)g(\014le)g(names)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)f
(pattern.)45 b(If)32 b(no)f(matc)m(hing)i(\014le)f(names)g(are)g
(found,)f(and)h(the)g(shell)150 2536 y(option)c Fs(nullglob)e
Ft(is)i(disabled,)h(the)f(w)m(ord)g(is)g(left)g(unc)m(hanged.)40
b(If)28 b(the)g Fs(nullglob)e Ft(option)i(is)g(set,)i(and)150
2645 y(no)38 b(matc)m(hes)h(are)f(found,)h(the)f(w)m(ord)f(is)h(remo)m
(v)m(ed.)65 b(If)37 b(the)h Fs(failglob)e Ft(shell)i(option)g(is)g
(set,)j(and)c(no)150 2755 y(matc)m(hes)f(are)g(found,)f(an)g(error)f
(message)j(is)e(prin)m(ted)f(and)h(the)g(command)g(is)g(not)g
(executed.)56 b(If)35 b(the)150 2865 y(shell)e(option)h
Fs(nocaseglob)c Ft(is)j(enabled,)h(the)g(matc)m(h)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)e
(without)i(regard)g(to)h(the)g(case)g(of)150 2974 y(alphab)s(etic)d(c)m
(haracters.)275 3103 y(When)21 b(a)i(pattern)f(is)g(used)g(for)f
(\014lename)i(generation,)i(the)d(c)m(haracter)i(`)p
Fs(.)p Ft(')e(at)h(the)f(start)h(of)f(a)h(\014lename)150
3213 y(or)g(immediately)i(follo)m(wing)g(a)f(slash)f(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f
(matc)m(hed)h(explicitly)-8 b(,)27 b(unless)c(the)g(shell)h(option)g
Fs(dotglob)150 3322 y Ft(is)31 b(set.)45 b(When)31 b(matc)m(hing)h(a)g
(\014le)f(name,)h(the)g(slash)f(c)m(haracter)i(m)m(ust)e(alw)m(a)m(ys)i
(b)s(e)e(matc)m(hed)h(explicitly)-8 b(.)150 3432 y(In)30
b(other)g(cases,)i(the)e(`)p Fs(.)p Ft(')h(c)m(haracter)h(is)e(not)h
(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 3560 y(See)30 b(the)g(description)f
(of)h Fs(shopt)f Ft(in)g(Section)i(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)f
(41,)h(for)f(a)g(description)g(of)150 3670 y(the)h Fs(nocaseglob)p
Ft(,)c Fs(nullglob)p Ft(,)i Fs(failglob)p Ft(,)f(and)i
Fs(dotglob)e Ft(options.)275 3799 y(The)k Fs(GLOBIGNORE)f
Ft(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(restrict)g
(the)g(set)f(of)h(\014lenames)f(matc)m(hing)i(a)150 3908
y(pattern.)k(If)25 b Fs(GLOBIGNORE)e Ft(is)j(set,)h(eac)m(h)g(matc)m
(hing)g(\014lename)f(that)g(also)h(matc)m(hes)f(one)g(of)g(the)g
(patterns)150 4018 y(in)33 b Fs(GLOBIGNORE)d Ft(is)j(remo)m(v)m(ed)h
(from)e(the)i(list)f(of)g(matc)m(hes.)50 b(The)33 b(\014lenames)g(`)p
Fs(.)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(..)p Ft(')h(are)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)150
4128 y(ignored)g(when)e Fs(GLOBIGNORE)f Ft(is)j(set)g(and)f(not)h(n)m
(ull.)48 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)35 b(setting)f Fs(GLOBIGNORE)c
Ft(to)j(a)g(non-n)m(ull)150 4237 y(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(has)f(the)h
(e\013ect)h(of)f(enabling)g(the)g Fs(dotglob)e Ft(shell)h(option,)j(so)
e(all)g(other)g(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)150 4347 y(with)43
b(a)h(`)p Fs(.)p Ft(')f(will)h(matc)m(h.)80 b(T)-8 b(o)44
b(get)h(the)e(old)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)h(ignoring)f(\014lenames)h(b)s
(eginning)f(with)g(a)150 4456 y(`)p Fs(.)p Ft(',)c(mak)m(e)g(`)p
Fs(.*)p Ft(')e(one)g(of)g(the)h(patterns)f(in)g Fs(GLOBIGNORE)p
Ft(.)58 b(The)37 b Fs(dotglob)e Ft(option)j(is)f(disabled)g(when)150
4566 y Fs(GLOBIGNORE)28 b Ft(is)i(unset.)150 4773 y Fk(3.5.8.1)63
b(P)m(attern)40 b(Matc)m(hing)275 5011 y Ft(An)m(y)33
b(c)m(haracter)i(that)f(app)s(ears)f(in)g(a)h(pattern,)g(other)g(than)f
(the)g(sp)s(ecial)h(pattern)g(c)m(haracters)h(de-)150
5121 y(scrib)s(ed)30 b(b)s(elo)m(w,)h(matc)m(hes)h(itself.)43
b(The)31 b Fl(nul)f Ft(c)m(haracter)i(ma)m(y)f(not)h(o)s(ccur)e(in)h(a)
g(pattern.)42 b(A)31 b(bac)m(kslash)150 5230 y(escap)s(es)36
b(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(c)m(haracter;)j(the)c(escaping)g(bac)m(kslash)g
(is)f(discarded)g(when)g(matc)m(hing.)56 b(The)150 5340
y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(pattern)f(c)m(haracters)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)e(quoted)i
(if)f(they)h(are)f(to)i(b)s(e)d(matc)m(hed)i(literally)-8
b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 24 30
TeXDict begin 24 29 bop 150 -116 a Ft(24)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(The)e(sp)s(ecial)i(pattern)g(c)m
(haracters)h(ha)m(v)m(e)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)150
453 y Fs(*)432 b Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(an)m(y)f(string,)f(including)g(the)
h(n)m(ull)f(string.)150 606 y Fs(?)432 b Ft(Matc)m(hes)32
b(an)m(y)f(single)g(c)m(haracter.)150 760 y Fs([...)o(])241
b Ft(Matc)m(hes)27 b(an)m(y)e(one)g(of)g(the)g(enclosed)g(c)m
(haracters.)41 b(A)25 b(pair)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)i(separated)e(b)m(y)g
(a)630 870 y(h)m(yphen)i(denotes)h(a)g Fq(range)g(expression)p
Ft(;)g(an)m(y)h(c)m(haracter)g(that)f(sorts)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(those)
h(t)m(w)m(o)630 979 y(c)m(haracters,)f(inclusiv)m(e,)f(using)d(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(lo)s(cale's)j(collating)g(sequence)e(and)f(c)m(haracter)
630 1089 y(set,)31 b(is)f(matc)m(hed.)42 b(If)30 b(the)g(\014rst)g(c)m
(haracter)i(follo)m(wing)g(the)e(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')h(is)f(a)h(`)p
Fs(!)p Ft(')f(or)g(a)h(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(')g(then)f(an)m(y)630
1199 y(c)m(haracter)c(not)f(enclosed)g(is)g(matc)m(hed.)40
b(A)25 b(`)p Fp(\000)p Ft(')f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f
(including)h(it)g(as)g(the)630 1308 y(\014rst)32 b(or)h(last)h(c)m
(haracter)h(in)e(the)g(set.)50 b(A)33 b(`)p Fs(])p Ft(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)e(matc)m(hed)i(b)m(y)f(including)g(it)g(as)h(the)630
1418 y(\014rst)25 b(c)m(haracter)i(in)e(the)h(set.)40
b(The)25 b(sorting)h(order)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)f(range)g
(expressions)f(is)630 1527 y(determined)e(b)m(y)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f
(lo)s(cale)j(and)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(of)g(the)h
Fs(LC_COLLATE)c Ft(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable,)630 1637 y(if)30
b(set.)630 1769 y(F)-8 b(or)34 b(example,)g(in)f(the)g(default)g(C)f
(lo)s(cale,)k(`)p Fs([a-dx-z])p Ft(')31 b(is)i(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)34 b(to)g(`)p Fs([abcdxyz])p Ft('.)630 1878
y(Man)m(y)68 b(lo)s(cales)h(sort)f(c)m(haracters)h(in)e(dictionary)i
(order,)76 b(and)67 b(in)g(these)h(lo)s(cales)630 1988
y(`)p Fs([a-dx-z])p Ft(')36 b(is)i(t)m(ypically)i(not)e(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)g(`)p Fs([abcdxyz])p Ft(';)g(it)g(migh)m(t)f(b)s(e)f
(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630 2097 y(to)34 b(`)p Fs([aBbCcDdxXyYz])p
Ft(',)c(for)j(example.)49 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(obtain)h(the)f(traditional)h
(in)m(terpretation)h(of)630 2207 y(ranges)e(in)f(brac)m(k)m(et)i
(expressions,)g(y)m(ou)f(can)g(force)g(the)g(use)f(of)h(the)g(C)f(lo)s
(cale)i(b)m(y)f(setting)630 2317 y(the)e Fs(LC_COLLATE)c
Ft(or)k Fs(LC_ALL)d Ft(en)m(vironmen)m(t)j(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(`)p Fs(C)p Ft('.)630 2448
y(Within)23 b(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')h(and)e(`)p Fs(])p Ft(',)j
Fq(c)m(haracter)g(classes)j Ft(can)c(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(using)f
(the)i(syn)m(tax)f Fs([:)p Fq(class)t Fs(:])p Ft(,)630
2558 y(where)30 b Fq(class)35 b Ft(is)30 b(one)h(of)f(the)h(follo)m
(wing)h(classes)f(de\014ned)e(in)h(the)h Fl(posix)f Ft(standard:)870
2690 y Fs(alnum)142 b(alpha)g(ascii)f(blank)h(cntrl)g(digit)g(graph)g
(lower)870 2799 y(print)g(punct)g(space)f(upper)h(word)190
b(xdigit)630 2931 y Ft(A)42 b(c)m(haracter)h(class)f(matc)m(hes)h(an)m
(y)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(elonging)f(to)g(that)g(class.)75
b(The)41 b Fs(word)630 3040 y Ft(c)m(haracter)32 b(class)f(matc)m(hes)h
(letters,)f(digits,)h(and)d(the)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p
Fs(_)p Ft('.)630 3172 y(Within)25 b(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p
Fs(])p Ft(',)i(an)e Fq(equiv)-5 b(alence)26 b(class)j
Ft(can)24 b(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(using)g(the)g(syn)m(tax)h
Fs([=)p Fq(c)6 b Fs(=])p Ft(,)630 3282 y(whic)m(h)29
b(matc)m(hes)i(all)f(c)m(haracters)h(with)e(the)h(same)g(collation)h(w)
m(eigh)m(t)g(\(as)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 3391
y(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale\))j(as)d(the)h(c)m(haracter)h
Fq(c)p Ft(.)630 3523 y(Within)22 b(`)p Fs([)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p
Fs(])p Ft(',)j(the)d(syn)m(tax)h Fs([.)p Fq(sym)m(b)s(ol)t
Fs(.])e Ft(matc)m(hes)i(the)g(collating)i(sym)m(b)s(ol)d
Fq(sym)m(b)s(ol)p Ft(.)275 3677 y(If)29 b(the)g Fs(extglob)f
Ft(shell)h(option)h(is)g(enabled)f(using)g(the)h Fs(shopt)e
Ft(builtin,)h(sev)m(eral)i(extended)f(pattern)150 3786
y(matc)m(hing)37 b(op)s(erators)e(are)h(recognized.)58
b(In)35 b(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(description,)g(a)f Fq(pattern-list)j
Ft(is)d(a)g(list)g(of)150 3896 y(one)d(or)f(more)h(patterns)f
(separated)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p Fs(|)p Ft('.)47 b(Comp)s(osite)33
b(patterns)f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)d(formed)h(using)g(one)h(or)150
4005 y(more)e(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(sub-patterns:)150
4159 y Fs(?\()p Fj(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 4269 y
Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(zero)f(or)g(one)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m
(en)g(patterns.)150 4423 y Fs(*\()p Fj(pattern-list)11
b Fs(\))630 4532 y Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(zero)f(or)g(more)f(o)s
(ccurrences)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)150 4686
y Fs(+\()p Fj(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 4796 y Ft(Matc)m(hes)32
b(one)f(or)f(more)h(o)s(ccurrences)f(of)h(the)f(giv)m(en)i(patterns.)
150 4949 y Fs(@\()p Fj(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 5059
y Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(one)f(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)150
5213 y Fs(!\()p Fj(pattern-list)11 b Fs(\))630 5322 y
Ft(Matc)m(hes)32 b(an)m(ything)f(except)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g
(patterns.)p eop end
%%Page: 25 31
TeXDict begin 25 30 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(25)150 299
y Fk(3.5.9)63 b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7 b(al)275 550 y
Ft(After)32 b(the)h(preceding)f(expansions,)h(all)g(unquoted)f(o)s
(ccurrences)g(of)h(the)f(c)m(haracters)i(`)p Fs(\\)p
Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(')p Ft(',)h(and)150 659 y(`)p Fs(")p Ft(')d(that)g(did)e
(not)i(result)f(from)g(one)h(of)f(the)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g(expansions)f
(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)150 933 y Fr(3.6)68 b(Redirections)275
1184 y Ft(Before)33 b(a)h(command)e(is)h(executed,)i(its)e(input)f(and)
h(output)f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e Fq(redirected)37 b Ft(using)32
b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)150 1294 y(notation)g(in)m(terpreted)g(b)m(y)f(the)g
(shell.)46 b(Redirection)33 b(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(op)s
(en)e(and)h(close)h(\014les)f(for)150 1403 y(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)g
(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49 b(The)33 b(follo)m(wing)h
(redirection)g(op)s(erators)f(ma)m(y)h(precede)150 1513
y(or)29 b(app)s(ear)g(an)m(ywhere)g(within)g(a)h(simple)f(command)g(or)
h(ma)m(y)g(follo)m(w)g(a)g(command.)40 b(Redirections)31
b(are)150 1623 y(pro)s(cessed)f(in)g(the)g(order)g(they)h(app)s(ear,)f
(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275 1764 y(In)c(the)i(follo)m(wing)h
(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(is)
g(omitted,)i(and)f(the)f(\014rst)g(c)m(har-)150 1873
y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(`)p
Fs(<)p Ft(',)i(the)e(redirection)g(refers)g(to)g(the)g(standard)f
(input)f(\(\014le)150 1983 y(descriptor)33 b(0\).)49
b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)g(the)f(redirection)g(op)s
(erator)h(is)f(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(',)h(the)f(redirection)g(refers)150
2093 y(to)e(the)g(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\).)275
2234 y(The)h(w)m(ord)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)f(redirection)g(op)s(erator)f
(in)g(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)f(unless)e(other-)150
2343 y(wise)21 b(noted,)i(is)e(sub)5 b(jected)21 b(to)h(brace)f
(expansion,)i(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)e(expansion,)i(command)150
2453 y(substitution,)31 b(arithmetic)h(expansion,)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al,)33 b(\014lename)e(expansion,)g(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)150
2563 y(If)f(it)h(expands)e(to)i(more)g(than)f(one)h(w)m(ord,)f(Bash)h
(rep)s(orts)e(an)h(error.)275 2704 y(Note)h(that)g(the)g(order)f(of)g
(redirections)h(is)g(signi\014can)m(t.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31
b(example,)h(the)e(command)390 2845 y Fs(ls)47 b(>)h
Fj(dirlist)56 b Fs(2>&1)150 2986 y Ft(directs)28 b(b)s(oth)f(standard)g
(output)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\))i(and)e(standard)f(error)i
(\(\014le)g(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)h(the)150 3096 y(\014le)h
Fq(dirlist)p Ft(,)h(while)f(the)h(command)390 3237 y
Fs(ls)47 b(2>&1)g(>)g Fj(dirlist)150 3378 y Ft(directs)34
b(only)g(the)f(standard)g(output)g(to)h(\014le)g Fq(dirlist)p
Ft(,)h(b)s(ecause)e(the)h(standard)f(error)g(w)m(as)h(duplicated)150
3488 y(as)d(standard)e(output)h(b)s(efore)g(the)h(standard)e(output)h
(w)m(as)h(redirected)g(to)g Fq(dirlist)p Ft(.)275 3629
y(Bash)26 b(handles)f(sev)m(eral)j(\014lenames)e(sp)s(ecially)h(when)f
(they)g(are)g(used)g(in)g(redirections,)i(as)e(describ)s(ed)150
3739 y(in)k(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(table:)150 3908 y Fs(/dev/fd/)p
Fj(fd)630 4018 y Ft(If)f Fq(fd)j Ft(is)d(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)31
b(in)m(teger,)h(\014le)e(descriptor)h Fq(fd)i Ft(is)d(duplicated.)150
4184 y Fs(/dev/stdin)630 4294 y Ft(File)i(descriptor)e(0)h(is)f
(duplicated.)150 4460 y Fs(/dev/stdout)630 4569 y Ft(File)i(descriptor)
e(1)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 4735 y Fs(/dev/stderr)630
4845 y Ft(File)i(descriptor)e(2)h(is)f(duplicated.)150
5011 y Fs(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)11 b Fs(/)p Fj(port)630
5121 y Ft(If)41 b Fq(host)i Ft(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41
b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fq(p)s(ort)j
Ft(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 5230 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)h(or)h
(service)h(name,)j(Bash)c(attempts)h(to)g(op)s(en)f(a)g(TCP)g
(connection)h(to)g(the)630 5340 y(corresp)s(onding)29
b(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)p eop end
%%Page: 26 32
TeXDict begin 26 31 bop 150 -116 a Ft(26)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(/dev/udp/)p Fj(host)11
b Fs(/)p Fj(port)630 408 y Ft(If)41 b Fq(host)i Ft(is)f(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c
Fq(p)s(ort)j Ft(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 518
y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(or)i(service)g(name,)k(Bash)c(attempts)g(to)h(op)s
(en)e(a)h(UDP)g(connection)g(to)h(the)630 628 y(corresp)s(onding)29
b(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)275 782 y(A)h(failure)h(to)g(op)s(en)e(or)i(create)h
(a)e(\014le)h(causes)g(the)f(redirection)h(to)g(fail.)275
914 y(Redirections)f(using)e(\014le)i(descriptors)f(greater)h(than)f(9)
h(should)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(with)h(care,)h(as)g(they)f(ma)m(y)150
1024 y(con\015ict)i(with)f(\014le)h(descriptors)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f
(in)m(ternally)-8 b(.)150 1241 y Fk(3.6.1)63 b(Redirecting)40
b(Input)275 1483 y Ft(Redirection)35 b(of)f(input)g(causes)g(the)h
(\014le)f(whose)g(name)h(results)f(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)h
Fq(w)m(ord)i Ft(to)150 1592 y(b)s(e)d(op)s(ened)g(for)g(reading)g(on)h
(\014le)f(descriptor)h Fs(n)p Ft(,)g(or)g(the)f(standard)g(input)g
(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(0\))h(if)g Fs(n)f Ft(is)150
1702 y(not)d(sp)s(eci\014ed.)275 1834 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)h
(redirecting)g(input)e(is:)390 1966 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11
b Fs(]<)p Fj(word)150 2183 y Fk(3.6.2)63 b(Redirecting)40
b(Output)275 2425 y Ft(Redirection)31 b(of)f(output)g(causes)h(the)g
(\014le)f(whose)g(name)h(results)f(from)f(the)i(expansion)f(of)h
Fq(w)m(ord)i Ft(to)150 2534 y(b)s(e)e(op)s(ened)g(for)g(writing)h(on)f
(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fq(n)p Ft(,)h(or)f(the)h(standard)f(output)g
(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\))h(if)g Fq(n)f Ft(is)150
2644 y(not)j(sp)s(eci\014ed.)50 b(If)33 b(the)h(\014le)g(do)s(es)f(not)
h(exist)g(it)g(is)g(created;)j(if)c(it)h(do)s(es)g(exist)g(it)g(is)g
(truncated)g(to)g(zero)150 2753 y(size.)275 2885 y(The)29
b(general)j(format)e(for)h(redirecting)g(output)f(is:)390
3018 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(]>[|])p Fj(word)275 3150 y
Ft(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(`)p
Fs(>)p Ft(',)g(and)f(the)h Fs(noclobber)d Ft(option)j(to)g(the)g
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)g(has)h(b)s(een)150 3259 y(enabled,)i(the)f
(redirection)h(will)f(fail)h(if)f(the)g(\014le)g(whose)g(name)g
(results)g(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fq(w)m(ord)150
3369 y Ft(exists)f(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)g(\014le.)41
b(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f(`)p
Fs(>|)p Ft(',)h(or)f(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)150
3478 y(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(')36 b(and)f(the)g Fs(noclobber)e
Ft(option)j(is)g(not)g(enabled,)h(the)e(redirection)h(is)g(attempted)g
(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h(\014le)150 3588 y(named)30 b(b)m(y)g
Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(exists.)150 3805 y Fk(3.6.3)63 b(App)s(ending)42
b(Redirected)e(Output)275 4047 y Ft(Redirection)29 b(of)g(output)f(in)g
(this)h(fashion)f(causes)h(the)g(\014le)g(whose)f(name)h(results)f
(from)g(the)h(expan-)150 4156 y(sion)34 b(of)f Fq(w)m(ord)k
Ft(to)e(b)s(e)e(op)s(ened)g(for)g(app)s(ending)f(on)i(\014le)f
(descriptor)h Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(or)g(the)f(standard)g(output)g(\(\014le)150
4266 y(descriptor)d(1\))h(if)g Fq(n)f Ft(is)g(not)h(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40
b(If)29 b(the)i(\014le)f(do)s(es)h(not)f(exist)h(it)g(is)g(created.)275
4398 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)h(app)s(ending)e(output)h(is:)390
4530 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(]>>)p Fj(word)150 4747 y Fk(3.6.4)63
b(Redirecting)40 b(Standard)h(Output)g(and)g(Standard)g(Error)275
4989 y Ft(Bash)31 b(allo)m(ws)h(b)s(oth)e(the)h(standard)g(output)f
(\(\014le)i(descriptor)e(1\))i(and)e(the)i(standard)e(error)g(output)
150 5098 y(\(\014le)d(descriptor)g(2\))h(to)f(b)s(e)g(redirected)g(to)h
(the)f(\014le)g(whose)f(name)h(is)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g
Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(with)d(this)150 5208 y(construct.)275
5340 y(There)i(are)i(t)m(w)m(o)h(formats)e(for)h(redirecting)g
(standard)e(output)h(and)g(standard)f(error:)p eop end
%%Page: 27 33
TeXDict begin 27 32 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(27)390 299
y Fs(&>)p Fj(word)150 444 y Ft(and)390 590 y Fs(>&)p
Fj(word)150 736 y Ft(Of)30 b(the)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(forms,)e(the)h(\014rst)e
(is)i(preferred.)39 b(This)30 b(is)g(seman)m(tically)j(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)390 881 y Fs(>)p Fj(word)57 b Fs(2>&1)150
1128 y Fk(3.6.5)63 b(Here)41 b(Do)s(cumen)m(ts)275 1383
y Ft(This)28 b(t)m(yp)s(e)h(of)h(redirection)g(instructs)f(the)g(shell)
h(to)g(read)f(input)f(from)h(the)g(curren)m(t)h(source)f(un)m(til)h(a)
150 1492 y(line)h(con)m(taining)g(only)g Fq(w)m(ord)i
Ft(\(with)d(no)h(trailing)g(blanks\))f(is)g(seen.)41
b(All)31 b(of)f(the)h(lines)f(read)g(up)f(to)i(that)150
1602 y(p)s(oin)m(t)f(are)h(then)f(used)g(as)g(the)h(standard)f(input)f
(for)h(a)h(command.)275 1748 y(The)e(format)i(of)g(here-do)s(cumen)m
(ts)f(is:)390 1893 y Fs(<<[)p Fp(\000)p Fs(])p Fj(word)772
2003 y(here-document)390 2112 y(delimiter)275 2258 y
Ft(No)j(parameter)h(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)h(arithmetic)h
(expansion,)f(or)f(\014lename)g(ex-)150 2367 y(pansion)i(is)g(p)s
(erformed)e(on)i Fq(w)m(ord)p Ft(.)55 b(If)34 b(an)m(y)i(c)m(haracters)
g(in)f Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(are)d(quoted,)i(the)e Fq(delimiter)43
b Ft(is)35 b(the)150 2477 y(result)40 b(of)h(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)42 b(on)e Fq(w)m(ord)p Ft(,)j(and)d(the)g(lines)h(in)f(the)h
(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)f(are)h(not)f(expanded.)150 2587
y(If)32 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(is)d(unquoted,)f(all)i(lines)f(of)f(the)h
(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)g(are)g(sub)5 b(jected)32 b(to)i(parameter)f
(expansion,)150 2696 y(command)25 b(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)h
(expansion.)39 b(In)24 b(the)h(latter)h(case,)h(the)e(c)m(haracter)i
(sequence)150 2806 y Fs(\\newline)h Ft(is)j(ignored,)f(and)g(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)i(quote)g(the)g(c)m
(haracters)h(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(',)e(`)p Fs($)p Ft(',)h(and)f(`)p
Fs(`)p Ft('.)275 2951 y(If)21 b(the)i(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f
(`)p Fs(<<-)p Ft(',)i(then)e(all)h(leading)g(tab)g(c)m(haracters)h(are)
e(stripp)s(ed)f(from)h(input)150 3061 y(lines)33 b(and)f(the)h(line)h
(con)m(taining)g Fq(delimiter)p Ft(.)49 b(This)32 b(allo)m(ws)i
(here-do)s(cumen)m(ts)f(within)f(shell)i(scripts)e(to)150
3171 y(b)s(e)e(inden)m(ted)g(in)g(a)h(natural)f(fashion.)150
3417 y Fk(3.6.6)63 b(Here)41 b(Strings)275 3672 y Ft(A)30
b(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)31 b(of)g(here)f(do)s(cumen)m(ts,)g(the)h(format)g
(is:)390 3818 y Fs(<<<)47 b Fj(word)275 3963 y Ft(The)29
b Fq(w)m(ord)34 b Ft(is)c(expanded)g(and)g(supplied)f(to)i(the)f
(command)h(on)f(its)h(standard)e(input.)150 4210 y Fk(3.6.7)63
b(Duplicating)41 b(File)g(Descriptors)275 4465 y Ft(The)29
b(redirection)i(op)s(erator)390 4610 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11
b Fs(]<&)p Fj(word)150 4756 y Ft(is)35 b(used)e(to)j(duplicate)f(input)
f(\014le)g(descriptors.)53 b(If)34 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(expands)c(to)h
(one)g(or)g(more)g(digits,)h(the)f(\014le)150 4866 y(descriptor)e
(denoted)h(b)m(y)g Fq(n)f Ft(is)g(made)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(a)h(cop)m(y)g(of)
g(that)g(\014le)g(descriptor.)50 b(If)33 b(the)h(digits)g(in)f
Fq(w)m(ord)150 4975 y Ft(do)c(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)h(\014le)f
(descriptor)g(op)s(en)g(for)g(input,)g(a)h(redirection)g(error)f(o)s
(ccurs.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(ev)-5 b(aluates)150
5085 y(to)31 b(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)g(\014le)g(descriptor)g
Fq(n)f Ft(is)g(closed.)43 b(If)30 b Fq(n)g Ft(is)g(not)h(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(standard)f(input)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(0\))150
5194 y(is)g(used.)275 5340 y(The)f(op)s(erator)p eop
end
%%Page: 28 34
TeXDict begin 28 33 bop 150 -116 a Ft(28)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)390 299 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(]>&)p
Fj(word)150 434 y Ft(is)40 b(used)g(similarly)h(to)g(duplicate)f
(output)g(\014le)h(descriptors.)70 b(If)40 b Fq(n)f Ft(is)i(not)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)i(the)f(standard)150 543 y(output)30 b(\(\014le)g
(descriptor)g(1\))h(is)f(used.)39 b(If)30 b(the)g(digits)h(in)e
Fq(w)m(ord)34 b Ft(do)29 b(not)i(sp)s(ecify)e(a)i(\014le)f(descriptor)g
(op)s(en)150 653 y(for)38 b(output,)i(a)e(redirection)h(error)f(o)s
(ccurs.)63 b(As)38 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)f(case,)k(if)c Fq(n)f
Ft(is)h(omitted,)k(and)37 b Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(do)s(es)150
763 y(not)28 b(expand)f(to)i(one)f(or)f(more)h(digits,)i(the)e
(standard)e(output)i(and)f(standard)g(error)g(are)i(redirected)f(as)150
872 y(describ)s(ed)h(previously)-8 b(.)150 1097 y Fk(3.6.8)63
b(Mo)m(ving)41 b(File)h(Descriptors)275 1342 y Ft(The)29
b(redirection)i(op)s(erator)390 1477 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11
b Fs(]<&)p Fj(digit)p Fs(-)150 1612 y Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)33
b(the)f(\014le)g(descriptor)f Fq(digit)k Ft(to)d(\014le)g(descriptor)g
Fq(n)p Ft(,)f(or)h(the)g(standard)f(input)f(\(\014le)j(descriptor)e
(0\))150 1722 y(if)f Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40
b Fq(digit)33 b Ft(is)e(closed)g(after)g(b)s(eing)f(duplicated)g(to)h
Fq(n)p Ft(.)275 1857 y(Similarly)-8 b(,)31 b(the)f(redirection)h(op)s
(erator)390 1992 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(]>&)p Fj(digit)p
Fs(-)150 2127 y Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)29 b(the)g(\014le)f(descriptor)f
Fq(digit)k Ft(to)e(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(or)g(the)g
(standard)f(output)h(\(\014le)g(descriptor)g(1\))150
2236 y(if)i Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150
2462 y Fk(3.6.9)63 b(Op)s(ening)42 b(File)f(Descriptors)h(for)g
(Reading)f(and)g(W)-10 b(riting)275 2706 y Ft(The)29
b(redirection)i(op)s(erator)390 2841 y Fs([)p Fj(n)11
b Fs(]<>)p Fj(word)150 2976 y Ft(causes)39 b(the)g(\014le)g(whose)g
(name)g(is)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(to)d(b)s(e)g(op)s
(ened)f(for)g(b)s(oth)h(reading)g(and)150 3086 y(writing)33
b(on)f(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fq(n)p Ft(,)h(or)g(on)f(\014le)h
(descriptor)g(0)g(if)f Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)g(sp)s(eci\014ed.)47
b(If)32 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)h(not)150 3195 y(exist,)e(it)g(is)g
(created.)150 3454 y Fr(3.7)68 b(Executing)46 b(Commands)150
3789 y Fk(3.7.1)63 b(Simple)41 b(Command)h(Expansion)275
4034 y Ft(When)35 b(a)h(simple)f(command)h(is)f(executed,)j(the)e
(shell)g(p)s(erforms)e(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(expansions,)f(as-)150
4143 y(signmen)m(ts,)31 b(and)f(redirections,)h(from)f(left)h(to)g
(righ)m(t.)199 4278 y(1.)61 b(The)38 b(w)m(ords)f(that)i(the)g(parser)e
(has)h(mark)m(ed)g(as)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(\(those)g
(preceding)f(the)330 4388 y(command)30 b(name\))h(and)f(redirections)h
(are)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(for)e(later)h(pro)s(cessing.)199
4523 y(2.)61 b(The)39 b(w)m(ords)g(that)i(are)f(not)g(v)-5
b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(or)e(redirections)i(are)f(expanded)f
(\(see)h(Sec-)330 4632 y(tion)d(3.5)i([Shell)e(Expansions],)h(page)g
(17\).)61 b(If)37 b(an)m(y)g(w)m(ords)f(remain)h(after)h(expansion,)h
(the)e(\014rst)330 4742 y(w)m(ord)31 b(is)g(tak)m(en)h(to)g(b)s(e)f
(the)g(name)h(of)f(the)h(command)f(and)f(the)i(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g
(are)g(the)h(argu-)330 4851 y(men)m(ts.)199 4986 y(3.)61
b(Redirections)25 b(are)f(p)s(erformed)f(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e)i(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g([Redirections],)i(page)d(25\).)199
5121 y(4.)61 b(The)25 b(text)h(after)f(the)g(`)p Fs(=)p
Ft(')h(in)e(eac)m(h)j(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(t)h(undergo)s(es)
e(tilde)i(expansion,)g(parameter)330 5230 y(expansion,)49
b(command)d(substitution,)j(arithmetic)d(expansion,)k(and)45
b(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)46 b(b)s(efore)330 5340 y(b)s(eing)30
b(assigned)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)p eop end
%%Page: 29 35
TeXDict begin 29 34 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(29)275 299
y(If)32 b(no)i(command)f(name)g(results,)h(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)34 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)h
(en)m(viron-)150 408 y(men)m(t.)39 b(Otherwise,)27 b(the)e(v)-5
b(ariables)26 b(are)g(added)f(to)h(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(of)g(the)f
(executed)h(command)g(and)150 518 y(do)35 b(not)f(a\013ect)j(the)d
(curren)m(t)h(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)54 b(If)34 b(an)m(y)h(of)g
(the)f(assignmen)m(ts)i(attempts)f(to)h(assign)150 628
y(a)j(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(to)g(a)g(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable,)42
b(an)c(error)g(o)s(ccurs,)j(and)c(the)i(command)f(exits)h(with)g(a)f
(non-zero)150 737 y(status.)275 875 y(If)33 b(no)g(command)g(name)h
(results,)g(redirections)g(are)g(p)s(erformed,)f(but)g(do)h(not)f
(a\013ect)i(the)f(curren)m(t)150 985 y(shell)d(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)41
b(A)30 b(redirection)h(error)f(causes)h(the)g(command)f(to)h(exit)g
(with)f(a)h(non-zero)g(status.)275 1123 y(If)26 b(there)i(is)f(a)h
(command)f(name)h(left)g(after)g(expansion,)g(execution)h(pro)s(ceeds)e
(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 1233 y(Otherwise,)39
b(the)e(command)g(exits.)62 b(If)37 b(one)g(of)g(the)h(expansions)f
(con)m(tained)h(a)g(command)f(substitu-)150 1342 y(tion,)i(the)d(exit)h
(status)g(of)f(the)h(command)f(is)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h
(last)g(command)f(substitution)150 1452 y(p)s(erformed.)55
b(If)35 b(there)g(w)m(ere)h(no)g(command)f(substitutions,)i(the)e
(command)h(exits)g(with)f(a)h(status)g(of)150 1561 y(zero.)150
1793 y Fk(3.7.2)63 b(Command)41 b(Searc)m(h)f(and)h(Execution)275
2040 y Ft(After)35 b(a)h(command)f(has)h(b)s(een)e(split)i(in)m(to)g(w)
m(ords,)h(if)e(it)h(results)g(in)f(a)h(simple)f(command)g(and)g(an)150
2150 y(optional)d(list)f(of)f(argumen)m(ts,)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)g
(actions)h(are)f(tak)m(en.)199 2288 y(1.)61 b(If)24 b(the)g(command)g
(name)g(con)m(tains)i(no)e(slashes,)i(the)e(shell)h(attempts)g(to)g(lo)
s(cate)h(it.)39 b(If)24 b(there)g(exists)330 2398 y(a)h(shell)g
(function)f(b)m(y)g(that)h(name,)h(that)f(function)f(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)h(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)h(3.3)h([Shell)330
2507 y(F)-8 b(unctions],)31 b(page)h(14.)199 2643 y(2.)61
b(If)41 b(the)g(name)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(matc)m(h)i(a)e(function,)j(the)e
(shell)f(searc)m(hes)i(for)e(it)h(in)f(the)g(list)h(of)g(shell)330
2753 y(builtins.)e(If)30 b(a)h(matc)m(h)g(is)f(found,)g(that)h(builtin)
f(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)199 2889 y(3.)61 b(If)40 b(the)g(name)h(is)f
(neither)h(a)f(shell)h(function)f(nor)g(a)g(builtin,)j(and)d(con)m
(tains)h(no)g(slashes,)i(Bash)330 2999 y(searc)m(hes)c(eac)m(h)g
(elemen)m(t)g(of)g Fs($PATH)d Ft(for)i(a)g(directory)h(con)m(taining)g
(an)f(executable)h(\014le)f(b)m(y)g(that)330 3109 y(name.)56
b(Bash)36 b(uses)f(a)h(hash)e(table)j(to)f(remem)m(b)s(er)f(the)h(full)
f(pathnames)g(of)h(executable)h(\014les)e(to)330 3218
y(a)m(v)m(oid)e(m)m(ultiple)f Fs(PATH)f Ft(searc)m(hes)i(\(see)f(the)g
(description)g(of)f Fs(hash)g Ft(in)g(Section)i(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)
330 3328 y(Builtins],)37 b(page)f(35\).)55 b(A)35 b(full)g(searc)m(h)g
(of)g(the)g(directories)h(in)f Fs($PATH)e Ft(is)i(p)s(erformed)f(only)h
(if)g(the)330 3437 y(command)c(is)g(not)g(found)f(in)g(the)i(hash)e
(table.)43 b(If)31 b(the)g(searc)m(h)h(is)f(unsuccessful,)f(the)h
(shell)g(prin)m(ts)330 3547 y(an)f(error)g(message)i(and)e(returns)f
(an)h(exit)h(status)g(of)f(127.)199 3683 y(4.)61 b(If)33
b(the)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(successful,)g(or)f(if)g(the)h(command)f(name)g
(con)m(tains)i(one)f(or)f(more)g(slashes,)i(the)330 3793
y(shell)g(executes)h(the)f(named)f(program)g(in)h(a)g(separate)h
(execution)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)55 b(Argumen)m(t)35 b(0)330
3902 y(is)30 b(set)h(to)h(the)e(name)h(giv)m(en,)g(and)f(the)h
(remaining)f(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g(command)f(are)h(set)g(to)g(the)
330 4012 y(argumen)m(ts)g(supplied,)e(if)h(an)m(y)-8
b(.)199 4148 y(5.)61 b(If)35 b(this)h(execution)h(fails)f(b)s(ecause)g
(the)f(\014le)h(is)g(not)g(in)f(executable)j(format,)f(and)e(the)h
(\014le)g(is)g(not)330 4258 y(a)d(directory)-8 b(,)34
b(it)f(is)g(assumed)e(to)j(b)s(e)d(a)i Fq(shell)g(script)h
Ft(and)e(the)h(shell)f(executes)i(it)f(as)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)330
4367 y(Section)g(3.8)h([Shell)e(Scripts],)g(page)i(32.)199
4504 y(6.)61 b(If)38 b(the)h(command)f(w)m(as)h(not)g(b)s(egun)e(async)
m(hronously)-8 b(,)42 b(the)c(shell)h(w)m(aits)h(for)e(the)h(command)f
(to)330 4613 y(complete)32 b(and)e(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)150
4845 y Fk(3.7.3)63 b(Command)41 b(Execution)f(En)m(vironmen)m(t)275
5092 y Ft(The)29 b(shell)i(has)f(an)g Fq(execution)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t)
p Ft(,)f(whic)m(h)f(consists)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing:)225
5230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(op)s(en)32 b(\014les)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)h(the)f
(shell)h(at)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)j(as)c(mo)s(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g
(redirections)h(supplied)e(to)330 5340 y(the)g Fs(exec)e
Ft(builtin)p eop end
%%Page: 30 36
TeXDict begin 30 35 bop 150 -116 a Ft(30)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)28
b(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)h(directory)g(as)f(set)h(b)m(y)f
Fs(cd)p Ft(,)g Fs(pushd)p Ft(,)g(or)g Fs(popd)p Ft(,)g(or)g(inherited)g
(b)m(y)g(the)h(shell)f(at)330 408 y(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)225
539 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)g(as)
h(set)g(b)m(y)f Fs(umask)f Ft(or)h(inherited)g(from)g(the)h(shell's)f
(paren)m(t)225 670 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(curren)m(t)30 b(traps)g(set)h(b)m
(y)f Fs(trap)225 801 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(shell)30 b(parameters)f(that)h
(are)g(set)g(b)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(assignmen)m(t)g(or)g(with)f
Fs(set)f Ft(or)i(inherited)f(from)g(the)330 910 y(shell's)i(paren)m(t)f
(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 1041 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(shell)44 b(functions)f(de\014ned)f(during)h(execution)i(or)e
(inherited)h(from)f(the)h(shell's)g(paren)m(t)f(in)h(the)330
1151 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 1281 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(options)33
b(enabled)g(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)h(\(either)f(b)m(y)f(default)g(or)
g(with)g(command-line)g(argumen)m(ts\))h(or)330 1391
y(b)m(y)c Fs(set)225 1522 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(options)31
b(enabled)f(b)m(y)g Fs(shopt)225 1653 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(shell)31 b(aliases)g(de\014ned)f(with)g Fs(alias)f
Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)h([Aliases],)g(page)f(75\))225
1783 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(v)-5 b(arious)50 b(pro)s(cess)f
Fl(id)p Ft(s,)55 b(including)49 b(those)i(of)e(bac)m(kground)h(jobs)f
(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.3)g([Lists],)330 1893 y(page)31
b(9\),)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($$)p Ft(,)g(and)g(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($PPID)275 2045 y Ft(When)k(a)g(simple)h(command)f
(other)g(than)g(a)h(builtin)f(or)g(shell)h(function)f(is)g(to)h(b)s(e)f
(executed,)i(it)f(is)150 2154 y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)25 b(in)f(a)g
(separate)h(execution)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(that)f(consists)g(of)h(the)
f(follo)m(wing.)40 b(Unless)24 b(otherwise)150 2264 y(noted,)31
b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(are)g(inherited)f(from)g(the)g(shell.)225
2395 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(shell's)h(op)s(en)e(\014les,)i(plus)e
(an)m(y)h(mo)s(di\014cations)h(and)e(additions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m
(y)g(redirections)g(to)330 2504 y(the)g(command)225 2635
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)g(directory)225
2766 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)225
2897 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(shell)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(and)e(functions)h(mark)m(ed)g(for)g(exp)s(ort,)g(along)h(with)f(v)-5
b(ariables)32 b(exp)s(orted)g(for)g(the)330 3006 y(command,)e(passed)g
(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.4)i([En)m
(vironmen)m(t],)e(page)g(30\))225 3137 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(traps)31 b(caugh)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)f(reset)h(to)g(the)
f(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(inherited)e(from)h(the)g(shell's)h(paren)m(t,)g
(and)330 3247 y(traps)e(ignored)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)g(ignored)
275 3399 y(A)41 b(command)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)e(this)h(separate)g
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(cannot)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(shell's)g(execution)150
3508 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275 3639 y(Command)35 b(substitution,)j
(commands)e(group)s(ed)f(with)i(paren)m(theses,)h(and)e(async)m
(hronous)g(com-)150 3748 y(mands)c(are)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)d(a)i
(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(that)h(is)f(a)g(duplicate)h(of)f(the)g
(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)150 3858 y(except)i(that)g(traps)f(caugh)m
(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell)f(are)g(reset)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alues)35 b(that)g(the)f(shell)h(inherited)e(from)150
3968 y(its)g(paren)m(t)f(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation.)49
b(Builtin)32 b(commands)g(that)h(are)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)e(part)g
(of)h(a)f(pip)s(eline)g(are)h(also)150 4077 y(executed)41
b(in)f(a)h(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)72 b(Changes)40
b(made)g(to)h(the)g(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(cannot)150
4187 y(a\013ect)32 b(the)f(shell's)f(execution)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275
4318 y(If)38 b(a)h(command)f(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)d(a)h(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft(')g(and)f(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)e(not)h(activ)m(e,)k(the)c
(default)g(standard)150 4427 y(input)e(for)g(the)h(command)f(is)h(the)g
(empt)m(y)g(\014le)f(`)p Fs(/dev/null)p Ft('.)61 b(Otherwise,)39
b(the)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(command)150 4537 y(inherits)30
b(the)h(\014le)f(descriptors)g(of)h(the)f(calling)i(shell)f(as)f(mo)s
(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(redirections.)150 4750 y Fk(3.7.4)63
b(En)m(vironmen)m(t)275 4990 y Ft(When)31 b(a)g(program)h(is)f(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)i(it)f(is)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g(arra)m(y)g(of)f(strings)g(called)i
(the)e Fq(en)m(vironmen)m(t)p Ft(.)45 b(This)150 5100
y(is)30 b(a)h(list)g(of)g(name-v)-5 b(alue)31 b(pairs,)f(of)h(the)f
(form)g Fs(name=value)p Ft(.)275 5230 y(Bash)39 b(pro)m(vides)g(sev)m
(eral)i(w)m(a)m(ys)g(to)f(manipulate)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)69
b(On)38 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)44 b(the)c(shell)150 5340
y(scans)g(its)h(o)m(wn)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(and)f(creates)i(a)f
(parameter)f(for)g(eac)m(h)i(name)e(found,)i(automatically)p
eop end
%%Page: 31 37
TeXDict begin 31 36 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(31)150 299
y(marking)26 b(it)g(for)g Fq(exp)s(ort)h Ft(to)g(c)m(hild)f(pro)s
(cesses.)39 b(Executed)26 b(commands)g(inherit)g(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m
(t.)39 b(The)150 408 y Fs(export)c Ft(and)i(`)p Fs(declare)29
b(-x)p Ft(')36 b(commands)h(allo)m(w)i(parameters)e(and)g(functions)g
(to)h(b)s(e)e(added)h(to)h(and)150 518 y(deleted)21 b(from)f(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)21 b(of)g(a)g(parameter)g
(in)f(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(is)e(mo)s(di\014ed,)i(the)150
628 y(new)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(b)s(ecomes)f(part)h(of)f(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t,)g(replacing)h(the)e(old.)44 b(The)31 b(en)m(vironmen)m
(t)h(inherited)150 737 y(b)m(y)f(an)m(y)g(executed)h(command)f
(consists)g(of)g(the)g(shell's)h(initial)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)g(whose)f
(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)150 847 y(mo)s(di\014ed)26
b(in)g(the)h(shell,)h(less)f(an)m(y)g(pairs)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)i(b)m(y)f
(the)g Fs(unset)e Ft(and)h(`)p Fs(export)j(-n)p Ft(')e(commands,)g
(plus)150 956 y(an)m(y)k(additions)f(via)h(the)g Fs(export)d
Ft(and)i(`)p Fs(declare)f(-x)p Ft(')h(commands.)275 1096
y(The)j(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(for)f(an)m(y)g(simple)h(command)f(or)g
(function)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(augmen)m(ted)h(temp)s(orarily)150
1205 y(b)m(y)c(pre\014xing)e(it)i(with)g(parameter)g(assignmen)m(ts,)h
(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)i(3.4)g([Shell)e(P)m(arameters],)150
1315 y(page)g(15.)41 b(These)29 b(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(ts)g
(a\013ect)f(only)g(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(seen)g(b)m(y)f(that)h
(command.)275 1455 y(If)h(the)i(`)p Fs(-k)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)f(set)h
(\(see)g(Section)g(4.3)g([The)f(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(53\),)h(then)e
(all)h(parameter)150 1564 y(assignmen)m(ts)d(are)g(placed)h(in)e(the)h
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)f(not)h(just)f(those)i(that)f
(precede)g(the)150 1674 y(command)g(name.)275 1813 y(When)f(Bash)h(in)m
(v)m(ok)m(es)i(an)e(external)g(command,)g(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(`)p Fs($_)p Ft(')f(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)f(full)f(path)h
(name)150 1923 y(of)h(the)f(command)g(and)g(passed)g(to)h(that)g
(command)f(in)g(its)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)150 2157 y Fk(3.7.5)63
b(Exit)40 b(Status)275 2406 y Ft(F)-8 b(or)32 b(the)g(shell's)g(purp)s
(oses,)e(a)j(command)e(whic)m(h)h(exits)g(with)g(a)g(zero)g(exit)h
(status)f(has)f(succeeded.)150 2516 y(A)e(non-zero)h(exit)g(status)g
(indicates)g(failure.)40 b(This)28 b(seemingly)i(coun)m(ter-in)m
(tuitiv)m(e)i(sc)m(heme)e(is)f(used)g(so)150 2625 y(there)34
b(is)g(one)g(w)m(ell-de\014ned)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(indicate)g(success)f
(and)f(a)h(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)35 b(of)f(w)m(a)m(ys)h(to)f(indicate)h(v)-5
b(arious)150 2735 y(failure)38 b(mo)s(des.)62 b(When)38
b(a)g(command)f(terminates)i(on)e(a)i(fatal)g(signal)f(whose)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)e(is)i Fq(N)p Ft(,)g(Bash)150 2844 y(uses)30
b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(128)p Fs(+)p Fq(N)42 b Ft(as)30
b(the)h(exit)g(status.)275 2984 y(If)k(a)h(command)g(is)g(not)g(found,)
g(the)g(c)m(hild)h(pro)s(cess)e(created)i(to)g(execute)g(it)g(returns)d
(a)j(status)f(of)150 3093 y(127.)42 b(If)30 b(a)h(command)f(is)g(found)
f(but)h(is)g(not)h(executable,)h(the)f(return)e(status)i(is)f(126.)275
3233 y(If)i(a)i(command)f(fails)g(b)s(ecause)g(of)h(an)f(error)f
(during)g(expansion)h(or)g(redirection,)i(the)f(exit)g(status)150
3342 y(is)c(greater)i(than)e(zero.)275 3482 y(The)38
b(exit)h(status)g(is)g(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(Bash)g(conditional)h
(commands)e(\(see)h(Section)h(3.2.4.2)h([Con-)150 3592
y(ditional)i(Constructs],)h(page)f(10\))g(and)e(some)i(of)f(the)g(list)
g(constructs)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.3)i([Lists],)150
3701 y(page)31 b(9\).)275 3841 y(All)40 b(of)g(the)h(Bash)f(builtins)f
(return)g(an)h(exit)h(status)g(of)f(zero)h(if)f(they)g(succeed)g(and)g
(a)g(non-zero)150 3950 y(status)34 b(on)f(failure,)i(so)f(they)g(ma)m
(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(conditional)h(and)e(list)h
(constructs.)50 b(All)35 b(builtins)150 4060 y(return)29
b(an)i(exit)g(status)g(of)f(2)h(to)g(indicate)g(incorrect)h(usage.)150
4294 y Fk(3.7.6)63 b(Signals)275 4543 y Ft(When)27 b(Bash)h(is)h(in)m
(teractiv)m(e,)i(in)d(the)g(absence)h(of)f(an)m(y)g(traps,)h(it)f
(ignores)h Fs(SIGTERM)d Ft(\(so)i(that)h(`)p Fs(kill)150
4653 y(0)p Ft(')k(do)s(es)g(not)g(kill)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j
(shell\),)f(and)d Fs(SIGINT)f Ft(is)i(caugh)m(t)h(and)f(handled)f(\(so)
h(that)h(the)f Fs(wait)150 4762 y Ft(builtin)24 b(is)h(in)m
(terruptible\).)39 b(When)24 b(Bash)g(receiv)m(es)j(a)d
Fs(SIGINT)p Ft(,)h(it)g(breaks)f(out)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(executing)h(lo)s
(ops.)150 4872 y(In)31 b(all)h(cases,)h(Bash)f(ignores)g
Fs(SIGQUIT)p Ft(.)42 b(If)32 b(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)e(in)h(e\013ect)h
(\(see)f(Chapter)f(7)h([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)150 4981 y(page)f(85\),)h
(Bash)e(ignores)h Fs(SIGTTIN)p Ft(,)e Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(,)g(and)g
Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)275 5121 y(Non-builtin)i(commands)g(started)g(b)m(y)g
(Bash)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(signal)g(handlers)e(set)i(to)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)31 b(inherited)150 5230 y(b)m(y)37 b(the)h(shell)g(from)f(its)h
(paren)m(t.)62 b(When)38 b(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)e(not)h(in)f
(e\013ect,)k(async)m(hronous)c(commands)150 5340 y(ignore)f
Fs(SIGINT)e Ft(and)h Fs(SIGQUIT)e Ft(in)j(addition)f(to)i(these)f
(inherited)f(handlers.)55 b(Commands)35 b(run)f(as)i(a)p
eop end
%%Page: 32 38
TeXDict begin 32 37 bop 150 -116 a Ft(32)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(result)c(of)h(command)f(substitution)
h(ignore)g(the)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)g(job)g(con)m(trol)h(signals)
f Fs(SIGTTIN)p Ft(,)150 408 y Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(,)h(and)g
Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)275 542 y(The)h(shell)i(exits)g(b)m(y)f(default)g(up)
s(on)f(receipt)i(of)f(a)h Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)42 b(Before)32
b(exiting,)h(an)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)150 652 y(resends)41
b(the)i Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(to)i(all)g(jobs,)i(running)c(or)h(stopp)s(ed.)76
b(Stopp)s(ed)41 b(jobs)h(are)h(sen)m(t)g Fs(SIGCONT)d
Ft(to)150 762 y(ensure)32 b(that)h(they)g(receiv)m(e)i(the)e
Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)47 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(prev)m(en)m(t)g(the)g(shell)g(from)
g(sending)f(the)h Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(signal)150 871 y(to)i(a)g(particular)g
(job,)g(it)g(should)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)g(the)f(jobs)g
(table)i(with)e(the)h Fs(disown)e Ft(builtin)h(\(see)150
981 y(Section)f(7.2)g([Job)f(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(86\))h
(or)e(mark)m(ed)g(to)h(not)f(receiv)m(e)i Fs(SIGHUP)d
Ft(using)h Fs(disown)150 1090 y(-h)p Ft(.)275 1224 y(If)h(the)h
Fs(huponexit)d Ft(shell)k(option)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)h(with)g
Fs(shopt)e Ft(\(see)j(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)150
1334 y(page)f(41\),)h(Bash)e(sends)g(a)h Fs(SIGHUP)d
Ft(to)j(all)h(jobs)e(when)f(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(login)f(shell)e
(exits.)275 1468 y(If)38 b(Bash)h(is)g(w)m(aiting)h(for)f(a)g(command)f
(to)i(complete)g(and)e(receiv)m(es)j(a)e(signal)h(for)e(whic)m(h)h(a)g
(trap)150 1577 y(has)c(b)s(een)f(set,)i(the)f(trap)g(will)g(not)g(b)s
(e)f(executed)i(un)m(til)f(the)g(command)f(completes.)55
b(When)35 b(Bash)g(is)150 1687 y(w)m(aiting)j(for)f(an)g(async)m
(hronous)g(command)g(via)h(the)f Fs(wait)f Ft(builtin,)i(the)g
(reception)g(of)f(a)g(signal)h(for)150 1797 y(whic)m(h)d(a)g(trap)g
(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)h(will)h(cause)f(the)g Fs(wait)f
Ft(builtin)h(to)g(return)f(immediately)i(with)f(an)g(exit)150
1906 y(status)c(greater)g(than)f(128,)i(immediately)g(after)f(whic)m(h)
f(the)h(trap)f(is)g(executed.)150 2162 y Fr(3.8)68 b(Shell)45
b(Scripts)275 2405 y Ft(A)c(shell)h(script)g(is)g(a)g(text)h(\014le)f
(con)m(taining)h(shell)f(commands.)75 b(When)41 b(suc)m(h)h(a)g(\014le)
g(is)g(used)f(as)150 2515 y(the)33 b(\014rst)f(non-option)h(argumen)m
(t)h(when)e(in)m(v)m(oking)i(Bash,)g(and)e(neither)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-c)p Ft(')g(nor)g(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(option)i(is)150
2625 y(supplied)j(\(see)j(Section)g(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)h
(page)f(67\),)i(Bash)d(reads)f(and)g(executes)i(commands)150
2734 y(from)31 b(the)h(\014le,)h(then)e(exits.)46 b(This)31
b(mo)s(de)g(of)h(op)s(eration)h(creates)g(a)f(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i
(shell.)45 b(The)32 b(shell)150 2844 y(\014rst)26 b(searc)m(hes)h(for)f
(the)g(\014le)h(in)f(the)g(curren)m(t)h(directory)-8
b(,)28 b(and)e(lo)s(oks)g(in)h(the)f(directories)h(in)f
Fs($PATH)f Ft(if)i(not)150 2953 y(found)i(there.)275
3087 y(When)34 b(Bash)h(runs)e(a)i(shell)g(script,)g(it)h(sets)f(the)f
(sp)s(ecial)i(parameter)f Fs(0)f Ft(to)h(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g
(\014le,)150 3197 y(rather)k(than)g(the)h(name)f(of)h(the)f(shell,)j
(and)d(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)f(are)h(set)g(to)g(the)g
(remain-)150 3306 y(ing)f(argumen)m(ts,)j(if)d(an)m(y)g(are)g(giv)m
(en.)67 b(If)39 b(no)g(additional)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)f(supplied,)h
(the)f(p)s(ositional)150 3416 y(parameters)31 b(are)f(unset.)275
3550 y(A)39 b(shell)h(script)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(made)h(executable)h(b)m
(y)e(using)g(the)h Fs(chmod)e Ft(command)h(to)h(turn)e(on)i(the)150
3660 y(execute)j(bit.)73 b(When)41 b(Bash)g(\014nds)e(suc)m(h)i(a)h
(\014le)f(while)g(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Fs($PATH)f Ft(for)h(a)h
(command,)h(it)150 3769 y(spa)m(wns)30 b(a)g(subshell)g(to)h(execute)h
(it.)41 b(In)30 b(other)g(w)m(ords,)g(executing)390 3903
y Fs(filename)46 b Fj(arguments)150 4037 y Ft(is)30 b(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(executing)390 4171 y Fs(bash)47
b(filename)e Fj(arguments)150 4305 y Ft(if)30 b Fs(filename)d
Ft(is)j(an)f(executable)j(shell)e(script.)40 b(This)29
b(subshell)g(reinitializes)i(itself,)g(so)f(that)h(the)e(e\013ect)150
4415 y(is)36 b(as)h(if)g(a)f(new)g(shell)h(had)f(b)s(een)g(in)m(v)m(ok)
m(ed)h(to)h(in)m(terpret)e(the)h(script,)h(with)e(the)h(exception)h
(that)f(the)150 4524 y(lo)s(cations)25 b(of)g(commands)e(remem)m(b)s
(ered)h(b)m(y)g(the)g(paren)m(t)g(\(see)h(the)f(description)g(of)g
Fs(hash)f Ft(in)h(Section)h(4.1)150 4634 y([Bourne)30
b(Shell)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(35\))h(are)e(retained)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(c)m
(hild.)275 4768 y(Most)36 b(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(Unix)f(mak)m(e)h(this)g
(a)g(part)f(of)h(the)g(op)s(erating)g(system's)f(command)h(execution)
150 4877 y(mec)m(hanism.)50 b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)g(line)h(of)f(a)h
(script)f(b)s(egins)g(with)g(the)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(c)m(haracters)g(`)p
Fs(#!)p Ft(',)f(the)g(remainder)150 4987 y(of)d(the)g(line)h(sp)s
(eci\014es)e(an)h(in)m(terpreter)g(for)g(the)g(program.)43
b(Th)m(us,)30 b(y)m(ou)h(can)h(sp)s(ecify)e(Bash,)i Fs(awk)p
Ft(,)e(P)m(erl,)150 5096 y(or)g(some)h(other)g(in)m(terpreter)g(and)e
(write)i(the)f(rest)h(of)g(the)f(script)g(\014le)h(in)f(that)h
(language.)275 5230 y(The)40 b(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g(in)m
(terpreter)g(consist)g(of)g(a)g(single)h(optional)f(argumen)m(t)h
(follo)m(wing)g(the)150 5340 y(in)m(terpreter)33 b(name)h(on)f(the)g
(\014rst)f(line)i(of)f(the)g(script)g(\014le,)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)
e(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)h(script)f(\014le,)p eop end
%%Page: 33 39
TeXDict begin 33 38 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(33)150 299
y(follo)m(w)m(ed)33 b(b)m(y)f(the)f(rest)h(of)g(the)f(argumen)m(ts.)45
b(Bash)31 b(will)h(p)s(erform)e(this)i(action)h(on)e(op)s(erating)h
(systems)150 408 y(that)24 b(do)g(not)f(handle)g(it)h(themselv)m(es.)40
b(Note)25 b(that)f(some)g(older)g(v)m(ersions)f(of)h(Unix)f(limit)i
(the)f(in)m(terpreter)150 518 y(name)30 b(and)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(a)g
(maxim)m(um)f(of)h(32)g(c)m(haracters.)275 653 y(Bash)h(scripts)g
(often)g(b)s(egin)g(with)g Fs(#!)e(/bin/bash)g Ft(\(assuming)i(that)h
(Bash)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(installed)i(in)150 762 y(`)p
Fs(/bin)p Ft('\),)25 b(since)e(this)g(ensures)f(that)i(Bash)f(will)h(b)
s(e)e(used)h(to)h(in)m(terpret)f(the)g(script,)i(ev)m(en)f(if)f(it)h
(is)f(executed)150 872 y(under)29 b(another)h(shell.)p
eop end
%%Page: 34 40
TeXDict begin 34 39 bop 150 -116 a Ft(34)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 35 41
TeXDict begin 35 40 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(35)150 299 y Fo(4)80
b(Shell)53 b(Builtin)f(Commands)275 535 y Ft(Builtin)25
b(commands)f(are)h(con)m(tained)h(within)e(the)h(shell)g(itself.)40
b(When)24 b(the)h(name)g(of)g(a)g(builtin)f(com-)150
645 y(mand)i(is)i(used)e(as)i(the)g(\014rst)e(w)m(ord)h(of)h(a)f
(simple)h(command)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.1)h([Simple)f(Commands],)150
754 y(page)21 b(8\),)j(the)d(shell)g(executes)h(the)f(command)f
(directly)-8 b(,)24 b(without)d(in)m(v)m(oking)h(another)f(program.)37
b(Builtin)150 864 y(commands)f(are)h(necessary)g(to)g(implemen)m(t)g
(functionalit)m(y)h(imp)s(ossible)e(or)h(incon)m(v)m(enien)m(t)h(to)f
(obtain)150 974 y(with)30 b(separate)h(utilities.)275
1109 y(This)c(section)j(brie\015y)e(describ)s(es)g(the)h(builtins)f
(whic)m(h)g(Bash)h(inherits)f(from)g(the)h(Bourne)g(Shell,)g(as)150
1218 y(w)m(ell)i(as)g(the)g(builtin)e(commands)h(whic)m(h)h(are)f
(unique)g(to)h(or)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)d(extended)i(in)f(Bash.)275
1354 y(Sev)m(eral)45 b(builtin)e(commands)h(are)h(describ)s(ed)e(in)h
(other)g(c)m(hapters:)69 b(builtin)43 b(commands)h(whic)m(h)150
1463 y(pro)m(vide)23 b(the)h(Bash)f(in)m(terface)i(to)f(the)g(job)f
(con)m(trol)i(facilities)g(\(see)f(Section)h(7.2)f([Job)f(Con)m(trol)h
(Builtins],)150 1573 y(page)40 b(86\),)j(the)c(directory)h(stac)m(k)g
(\(see)g(Section)g(6.8.1)h([Directory)g(Stac)m(k)f(Builtins],)i(page)e
(77\),)j(the)150 1682 y(command)23 b(history)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.2)h
([Bash)f(History)g(Builtins],)h(page)g(115\),)h(and)d(the)h
(programmable)150 1792 y(completion)32 b(facilities)g(\(see)g(Section)f
(8.7)g([Programmable)g(Completion)g(Builtins],)g(page)h(111\).)275
1927 y(Man)m(y)f(of)f(the)h(builtins)e(ha)m(v)m(e)j(b)s(een)e(extended)
g(b)m(y)g Fl(posix)g Ft(or)g(Bash.)275 2062 y(Unless)20
b(otherwise)h(noted,)h(eac)m(h)g(builtin)e(command)g(do)s(cumen)m(ted)g
(as)h(accepting)h(options)e(preceded)150 2172 y(b)m(y)31
b(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(accepts)i(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')e(to)h(signify)f(the)h
(end)e(of)i(the)f(options.)44 b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(example,)g(the)f
Fs(:)p Ft(,)h Fs(true)p Ft(,)e Fs(false)p Ft(,)h(and)150
2282 y Fs(test)e Ft(builtins)h(do)g(not)h(accept)h(options.)150
2541 y Fr(4.1)68 b(Bourne)45 b(Shell)g(Builtins)275 2786
y Ft(The)31 b(follo)m(wing)i(shell)e(builtin)h(commands)f(are)h
(inherited)f(from)g(the)h(Bourne)f(Shell.)45 b(These)31
b(com-)150 2895 y(mands)e(are)i(implemen)m(ted)g(as)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e
(b)m(y)i(the)f Fl(posix)g Ft(standard.)150 3056 y Fs(:)g
Ft(\(a)h(colon\))870 3165 y Fs(:)47 b([)p Fj(arguments)11
b Fs(])630 3300 y Ft(Do)43 b(nothing)f(b)s(ey)m(ond)g(expanding)f
Fq(argumen)m(ts)46 b Ft(and)c(p)s(erforming)f(redirections.)76
b(The)630 3410 y(return)29 b(status)i(is)f(zero.)150
3570 y Fs(.)g Ft(\(a)h(p)s(erio)s(d\))870 3679 y Fs(.)47
b Fj(filename)57 b Fs([)p Fj(arguments)11 b Fs(])630
3814 y Ft(Read)34 b(and)f(execute)i(commands)e(from)g(the)h
Fq(\014lename)39 b Ft(argumen)m(t)34 b(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g(shell)
630 3924 y(con)m(text.)45 b(If)31 b Fq(\014lename)37
b Ft(do)s(es)31 b(not)g(con)m(tain)i(a)e(slash,)h(the)g
Fs(PATH)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(is)f(used)f(to)i(\014nd)630
4033 y Fq(\014lename)p Ft(.)52 b(When)34 b(Bash)g(is)h(not)f(in)g
Fl(posix)f Ft(mo)s(de,)i(the)g(curren)m(t)f(directory)g(is)g(searc)m
(hed)630 4143 y(if)d Fq(\014lename)36 b Ft(is)31 b(not)h(found)d(in)i
Fs($PATH)p Ft(.)41 b(If)31 b(an)m(y)g Fq(argumen)m(ts)k
Ft(are)c(supplied,)f(they)i(b)s(ecome)630 4253 y(the)e(p)s(ositional)h
(parameters)g(when)e Fq(\014lename)35 b Ft(is)30 b(executed.)42
b(Otherwise)30 b(the)g(p)s(ositional)630 4362 y(parameters)43
b(are)h(unc)m(hanged.)79 b(The)42 b(return)g(status)i(is)f(the)g(exit)h
(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)630 4472 y(command)37 b(executed,)k(or)c
(zero)h(if)g(no)f(commands)g(are)h(executed.)63 b(If)36
b Fq(\014lename)43 b Ft(is)38 b(not)630 4581 y(found,)22
b(or)f(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(read,)j(the)e(return)f(status)h(is)g(non-zero.)
38 b(This)20 b(builtin)h(is)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630
4691 y(to)31 b Fs(source)p Ft(.)150 4851 y Fs(break)870
4986 y(break)46 b([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(])630 5121 y Ft(Exit)45
b(from)f(a)g Fs(for)p Ft(,)k Fs(while)p Ft(,)e Fs(until)p
Ft(,)h(or)d Fs(select)f Ft(lo)s(op.)83 b(If)44 b Fq(n)g
Ft(is)g(supplied,)j(the)e Fq(n)p Ft(th)630 5230 y(enclosing)c(lo)s(op)f
(is)h(exited.)70 b Fq(n)40 b Ft(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)f(greater)j(than)d(or)i
(equal)f(to)h(1.)70 b(The)40 b(return)630 5340 y(status)31
b(is)f(zero)h(unless)f Fq(n)g Ft(is)g(not)h(greater)g(than)g(or)f
(equal)h(to)g(1.)p eop end
%%Page: 36 42
TeXDict begin 36 41 bop 150 -116 a Ft(36)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(cd)870 430 y(cd)47
b([-L|-P])f([)p Fj(directory)11 b Fs(])630 562 y Ft(Change)37
b(the)g(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)i(directory)f(to)h Fq(directory)p
Ft(.)60 b(If)37 b Fq(directory)45 b Ft(is)37 b(not)g(giv)m(en,)630
671 y(the)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)g Fs(HOME)e
Ft(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(is)f(used.)40 b(If)31
b(the)g(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b Fs(CDPATH)e Ft(exists,)630
781 y(it)f(is)f(used)f(as)h(a)h(searc)m(h)f(path.)40
b(If)26 b Fq(directory)35 b Ft(b)s(egins)27 b(with)g(a)g(slash,)h
Fs(CDPATH)d Ft(is)i(not)g(used.)630 913 y(The)h(`)p Fs(-P)p
Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)h(not)g(follo)m(w)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links;)
g(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(links)f(are)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)630 1022
y(b)m(y)23 b(default)h(or)g(with)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-L)p
Ft(')f(option.)39 b(If)23 b Fq(directory)32 b Ft(is)23
b(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)j(it)e(is)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)25
b(to)g Fs($OLDPWD)p Ft(.)630 1154 y(If)33 b(a)h(non-empt)m(y)g
(directory)g(name)f(from)g Fs(CDPATH)f Ft(is)h(used,)h(or)g(if)f(`)p
Fs(-)p Ft(')h(is)f(the)h(\014rst)f(argu-)630 1263 y(men)m(t,)28
b(and)e(the)h(directory)g(c)m(hange)h(is)f(successful,)h(the)f
(absolute)g(pathname)g(of)f(the)h(new)630 1373 y(w)m(orking)k
(directory)g(is)f(written)g(to)i(the)e(standard)g(output.)630
1504 y(The)f(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(if)e(the)h(directory)g(is)g
(successfully)g(c)m(hanged,)g(non-zero)g(oth-)630 1614
y(erwise.)150 1767 y Fs(continue)870 1899 y(continue)46
b([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(])630 2030 y Ft(Resume)32 b(the)g(next)g(iteration)i
(of)e(an)g(enclosing)h Fs(for)p Ft(,)f Fs(while)p Ft(,)f
Fs(until)p Ft(,)g(or)h Fs(select)f Ft(lo)s(op.)630 2140
y(If)f Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(supplied,)e(the)j(execution)g(of)f(the)g
Fq(n)p Ft(th)f(enclosing)i(lo)s(op)f(is)f(resumed.)42
b Fq(n)30 b Ft(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)630 2250 y(greater)39
b(than)f(or)g(equal)g(to)h(1.)63 b(The)38 b(return)e(status)j(is)e
(zero)i(unless)e Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(not)g(greater)630 2359
y(than)30 b(or)g(equal)h(to)g(1.)150 2513 y Fs(eval)870
2644 y(eval)47 b([)p Fj(arguments)11 b Fs(])630 2776
y Ft(The)25 b(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(concatenated)i(together)f(in)m(to)f
(a)g(single)h(command,)f(whic)m(h)g(is)f(then)630 2885
y(read)35 b(and)g(executed,)j(and)d(its)h(exit)g(status)g(returned)e
(as)h(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)g Fs(eval)p Ft(.)54 b(If)630
2995 y(there)31 b(are)f(no)h(argumen)m(ts)f(or)h(only)f(empt)m(y)h
(argumen)m(ts,)g(the)f(return)g(status)g(is)h(zero.)150
3148 y Fs(exec)870 3280 y(exec)47 b([-cl])f([-a)h Fj(name)11
b Fs(])46 b([)p Fj(command)56 b Fs([)p Fj(arguments)11
b Fs(]])630 3411 y Ft(If)28 b Fq(command)j Ft(is)e(supplied,)e(it)i
(replaces)g(the)f(shell)h(without)f(creating)i(a)e(new)g(pro)s(cess.)39
b(If)630 3521 y(the)25 b(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')f(option)i(is)e(supplied,)h
(the)g(shell)g(places)g(a)g(dash)f(at)i(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)g(the)h
(zeroth)630 3630 y(arg)h(passed)f(to)h Fq(command)p Ft(.)39
b(This)24 b(is)i(what)f(the)h Fs(login)d Ft(program)j(do)s(es.)38
b(The)25 b(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')g(option)630 3740 y(causes)g
Fq(command)i Ft(to)e(b)s(e)f(executed)h(with)f(an)g(empt)m(y)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)39 b(If)24 b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(is)g(supplied,)630
3850 y(the)32 b(shell)g(passes)g Fq(name)37 b Ft(as)c(the)f(zeroth)h
(argumen)m(t)f(to)h Fq(command)p Ft(.)45 b(If)32 b(no)g
Fq(command)j Ft(is)630 3959 y(sp)s(eci\014ed,)g(redirections)g(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(a\013ect)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)53 b(If)630 4069 y(there)34 b(are)h(no)f(redirection)h
(errors,)g(the)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero;)j(otherwise)e(the)f
(return)630 4178 y(status)d(is)f(non-zero.)150 4332 y
Fs(exit)870 4463 y(exit)47 b([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(])630 4595
y Ft(Exit)30 b(the)g(shell,)h(returning)d(a)j(status)f(of)g
Fq(n)f Ft(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(paren)m(t.)41 b(If)30
b Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(omitted,)h(the)630 4704 y(exit)c(status)g(is)g(that)g
(of)g(the)g(last)g(command)f(executed.)41 b(An)m(y)26
b(trap)h(on)f Fs(EXIT)f Ft(is)i(executed)630 4814 y(b)s(efore)j(the)h
(shell)f(terminates.)150 4967 y Fs(export)870 5099 y(export)46
b([-fn])g([-p])h([)p Fj(name)11 b Fs([=)p Fj(value)g
Fs(]])630 5230 y Ft(Mark)40 b(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(to)40
b(b)s(e)f(passed)g(to)i(c)m(hild)f(pro)s(cesses)f(in)g(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)70 b(If)39 b(the)630 5340 y(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')29 b(option)h(is)g(supplied,)f(the)g Fq(name)5 b
Ft(s)30 b(refer)f(to)h(shell)g(functions;)f(otherwise)h(the)g(names)p
eop end
%%Page: 37 43
TeXDict begin 37 42 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(37)630 299 y(refer)36
b(to)i(shell)e(v)-5 b(ariables.)60 b(The)36 b(`)p Fs(-n)p
Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)h(no)g(longer)g(mark)f(eac)m(h)i
Fq(name)630 408 y Ft(for)h(exp)s(ort.)65 b(If)39 b(no)g
Fq(names)j Ft(are)d(supplied,)h(or)f(if)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(giv)m(en,)j(a)d(list)h(of)630 518
y(exp)s(orted)c(names)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)60 b(The)37
b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)h(displa)m(ys)g(output)f(in)g(a)h(form)f
(that)630 628 y(ma)m(y)c(b)s(e)e(reused)g(as)i(input.)42
b(If)30 b(a)i(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(name)h(is)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f
(=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(,)32 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(of)630 737 y(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(set)h(to)g
Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(.)630 870 y(The)29 b(return)e(status)j(is)f(zero)h
(unless)e(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(option)h(is)f(supplied,)f(one)i
(of)f(the)g(names)630 980 y(is)h(not)h(a)f(v)-5 b(alid)31
b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(name,)f(or)h(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')f(is)g(supplied)f(with)g(a)i(name)f(that)h(is)f(not)h(a)630
1089 y(shell)g(function.)150 1246 y Fs(getopts)870 1379
y(getopts)46 b Fj(optstring)56 b(name)h Fs([)p Fj(args)11
b Fs(])630 1512 y(getopts)28 b Ft(is)i(used)g(b)m(y)g(shell)g(scripts)g
(to)g(parse)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters.)41 b Fq(optstring)d
Ft(con-)630 1622 y(tains)k(the)g(option)f(c)m(haracters)i(to)g(b)s(e)d
(recognized;)49 b(if)42 b(a)f(c)m(haracter)j(is)d(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m
(y)f(a)630 1731 y(colon,)33 b(the)f(option)g(is)g(exp)s(ected)g(to)h
(ha)m(v)m(e)g(an)e(argumen)m(t,)i(whic)m(h)f(should)e(b)s(e)h
(separated)630 1841 y(from)37 b(it)h(b)m(y)f(white)h(space.)63
b(The)37 b(colon)h(\(`)p Fs(:)p Ft('\))h(and)d(question)i(mark)f(\(`)p
Fs(?)p Ft('\))i(ma)m(y)f(not)g(b)s(e)630 1951 y(used)g(as)g(option)h(c)
m(haracters.)67 b(Eac)m(h)39 b(time)g(it)g(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k
Fs(getopts)37 b Ft(places)i(the)g(next)630 2060 y(option)29
b(in)f(the)h(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b Fq(name)p Ft(,)f(initializing)
i Fq(name)j Ft(if)28 b(it)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(exist,)h(and)e(the)630
2170 y(index)33 b(of)g(the)h(next)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(pro)s
(cessed)h(in)m(to)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b Fs(OPTIND)p
Ft(.)48 b Fs(OPTIND)630 2279 y Ft(is)41 b(initialized)i(to)f(1)f(eac)m
(h)h(time)g(the)f(shell)g(or)g(a)g(shell)g(script)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed.)74 b(When)41 b(an)630 2389 y(option)36 b(requires)e(an)h(argumen)m
(t,)i Fs(getopts)c Ft(places)j(that)g(argumen)m(t)g(in)m(to)g(the)f(v)
-5 b(ariable)630 2498 y Fs(OPTARG)p Ft(.)55 b(The)35
b(shell)g(do)s(es)h(not)g(reset)g Fs(OPTIND)e Ft(automatically;)41
b(it)36 b(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(man)m(ually)630 2608 y(reset)i(b)s(et)m(w)m
(een)g(m)m(ultiple)h(calls)f(to)g Fs(getopts)e Ft(within)h(the)h(same)g
(shell)f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(if)e(a)630 2718 y(new)30
b(set)h(of)f(parameters)h(is)f(to)i(b)s(e)d(used.)630
2851 y(When)41 b(the)h(end)e(of)i(options)g(is)f(encoun)m(tered,)k
Fs(getopts)39 b Ft(exits)j(with)f(a)h(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)630
2960 y(greater)32 b(than)e(zero.)41 b Fs(OPTIND)29 b
Ft(is)h(set)h(to)g(the)g(index)f(of)g(the)h(\014rst)f(non-option)g
(argumen)m(t,)630 3070 y(and)g Fs(name)f Ft(is)h(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(?)p Ft('.)630 3203 y Fs(getopts)c Ft(normally)j(parses)e(the)i(p)s
(ositional)g(parameters,)g(but)e(if)i(more)f(argumen)m(ts)h(are)630
3313 y(giv)m(en)h(in)f Fq(args)p Ft(,)h Fs(getopts)e
Ft(parses)h(those)h(instead.)630 3446 y Fs(getopts)h
Ft(can)h(rep)s(ort)g(errors)g(in)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(a)m(ys.)51
b(If)33 b(the)h(\014rst)e(c)m(haracter)k(of)d Fq(optstring)42
b Ft(is)34 b(a)630 3555 y(colon,)i Fq(silen)m(t)i Ft(error)33
b(rep)s(orting)h(is)h(used.)51 b(In)33 b(normal)i(op)s(eration)f
(diagnostic)i(messages)630 3665 y(are)30 b(prin)m(ted)e(when)g(in)m(v)
-5 b(alid)30 b(options)g(or)f(missing)g(option)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)f
(encoun)m(tered.)630 3774 y(If)34 b(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b Fs(OPTERR)d Ft(is)i(set)h(to)f(0,)i(no)e(error)g(messages)h(will)f(b)
s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)j(ev)m(en)f(if)630 3884 y(the)c(\014rst)e(c)m
(haracter)j(of)f Fs(optstring)d Ft(is)i(not)h(a)f(colon.)630
4017 y(If)39 b(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(option)f(is)g(seen,)i
Fs(getopts)c Ft(places)j(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(')f(in)m(to)h
Fq(name)k Ft(and,)d(if)e(not)g(silen)m(t,)630 4127 y(prin)m(ts)f(an)h
(error)f(message)h(and)f(unsets)g Fs(OPTARG)p Ft(.)67
b(If)39 b Fs(getopts)f Ft(is)i(silen)m(t,)j(the)c(option)630
4236 y(c)m(haracter)32 b(found)d(is)h(placed)h(in)f Fs(OPTARG)f
Ft(and)h(no)g(diagnostic)i(message)f(is)g(prin)m(ted.)630
4369 y(If)c(a)g(required)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)f(not)g(found,)g(and)f
Fs(getopts)f Ft(is)i(not)h(silen)m(t,)h(a)e(question)g(mark)630
4479 y(\(`)p Fs(?)p Ft('\))h(is)g(placed)g(in)f Fq(name)p
Ft(,)h Fs(OPTARG)e Ft(is)h(unset,)h(and)f(a)g(diagnostic)i(message)g
(is)e(prin)m(ted.)39 b(If)630 4589 y Fs(getopts)28 b
Ft(is)h(silen)m(t,)i(then)e(a)h(colon)h(\(`)p Fs(:)p
Ft('\))f(is)g(placed)g(in)f Fq(name)35 b Ft(and)29 b
Fs(OPTARG)f Ft(is)h(set)h(to)h(the)630 4698 y(option)g(c)m(haracter)h
(found.)150 4855 y Fs(hash)870 4988 y(hash)47 b([-r])f([-p)h
Fj(filename)11 b Fs(])45 b([-dt])h([)p Fj(name)11 b Fs(])630
5121 y Ft(Remem)m(b)s(er)36 b(the)g(full)g(pathnames)g(of)g(commands)g
(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g Fq(name)41 b Ft(argumen)m(ts,)e(so)630
5230 y(they)34 b(need)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(searc)m(hed)h(for)f(on)g
(subsequen)m(t)f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cations.)55 b(The)34 b(commands)g(are)630
5340 y(found)39 b(b)m(y)i(searc)m(hing)g(through)f(the)h(directories)g
(listed)g(in)f Fs($PATH)p Ft(.)70 b(The)40 b(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')g(option)p eop end
%%Page: 38 44
TeXDict begin 38 43 bop 150 -116 a Ft(38)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(inhibits)38 b(the)h(path)g(searc)m
(h,)j(and)c Fq(\014lename)44 b Ft(is)39 b(used)f(as)i(the)f(lo)s
(cation)h(of)f Fq(name)p Ft(.)66 b(The)630 408 y(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')28 b(option)g(causes)g(the)g(shell)h(to)f(forget)h(all)g
(remem)m(b)s(ered)e(lo)s(cations.)41 b(The)28 b(`)p Fs(-d)p
Ft(')f(option)630 518 y(causes)38 b(the)g(shell)g(to)g(forget)g(the)g
(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(lo)s(cation)i(of)f(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)p
Ft(.)62 b(If)37 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')630 628 y(option)22
b(is)g(supplied,)g(the)g(full)f(pathname)h(to)g(whic)m(h)g(eac)m(h)g
Fq(name)27 b Ft(corresp)s(onds)20 b(is)i(prin)m(ted.)630
737 y(If)33 b(m)m(ultiple)h Fq(name)k Ft(argumen)m(ts)c(are)f(supplied)
f(with)h(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(the)h Fq(name)k Ft(is)c(prin)m(ted)e(b)s
(efore)630 847 y(the)h(hashed)f(full)g(pathname.)48 b(The)32
b(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g(output)f(to)i(b)s(e)e(displa)m
(y)m(ed)h(in)g(a)630 956 y(format)f(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(reused)g
(as)g(input.)43 b(If)31 b(no)h(argumen)m(ts)g(are)f(giv)m(en,)j(or)d
(if)g(only)h(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')630 1066 y(is)j(supplied,)f(information)h
(ab)s(out)g(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(commands)g(is)h(prin)m(ted.)53
b(The)34 b(return)630 1176 y(status)d(is)f(zero)h(unless)f(a)h
Fq(name)k Ft(is)c(not)f(found)f(or)i(an)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31
b(option)g(is)f(supplied.)150 1340 y Fs(pwd)870 1477
y(pwd)47 b([-LP])630 1614 y Ft(Prin)m(t)24 b(the)h(absolute)g(pathname)
g(of)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)h(directory)-8 b(.)40
b(If)23 b(the)i(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')f(option)630 1724 y(is)36
b(supplied,)f(the)h(pathname)f(prin)m(ted)g(will)h(not)g(con)m(tain)h
(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links.)55 b(If)35 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-L)p
Ft(')630 1833 y(option)44 b(is)g(supplied,)i(the)e(pathname)f(prin)m
(ted)h(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links.)80
b(The)630 1943 y(return)26 b(status)h(is)h(zero)g(unless)e(an)h(error)g
(is)g(encoun)m(tered)g(while)h(determining)f(the)g(name)630
2052 y(of)k(the)f(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(or)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f(supplied.)150 2217 y Fs(readonly)870
2354 y(readonly)46 b([-apf])g([)p Fj(name)11 b Fs([=)p
Fj(value)g Fs(]])43 b(...)630 2491 y Ft(Mark)24 b(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)k Ft(as)24 b(readonly)-8 b(.)39 b(The)24 b(v)-5
b(alues)24 b(of)g(these)g(names)g(ma)m(y)g(not)g(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged)g
(b)m(y)630 2600 y(subsequen)m(t)e(assignmen)m(t.)39 b(If)22
b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)i(is)e(supplied,)h(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)k Ft(refers)22 b(to)i(a)f(shell)630 2710 y(function.)52
b(The)34 b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(option)h(means)g(eac)m(h)g
Fq(name)40 b Ft(refers)33 b(to)j(an)e(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable.)53 b(If)34 b(no)630 2819 y Fq(name)d Ft(argumen)m(ts)26
b(are)g(giv)m(en,)i(or)d(if)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)g
(supplied,)f(a)h(list)h(of)e(all)i(readonly)630 2929
y(names)37 b(is)g(prin)m(ted.)59 b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')f(option)i(causes)f(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed)i(in)e
(a)i(format)630 3039 y(that)25 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)h(input.)
38 b(If)24 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(name)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m
(y)e(=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(,)27 b(the)d(v)-5 b(alue)630
3148 y(of)27 b(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)g(set)g(to)g
Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(.)40 b(The)26 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i
(unless)e(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)27 b(option)630 3258
y(is)j(supplied,)f(one)h(of)g(the)g Fq(name)35 b Ft(argumen)m(ts)30
b(is)g(not)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(or)g(function)630 3367 y(name,)h(or)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')f(option)h(is)f(supplied)f(with)h(a)h(name)f(that)h(is)g(not)f(a)h
(shell)g(function.)150 3532 y Fs(return)870 3669 y(return)46
b([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(])630 3806 y Ft(Cause)30 b(a)g(shell)g(function)g
(to)h(exit)f(with)g(the)g(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b Fq(n)p
Ft(.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(not)g(supplied,)f(the)630
3915 y(return)35 b(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(is)f(the)g(exit)h(status)f(of)h
(the)f(last)h(command)f(executed)h(in)f(the)g(function.)630
4025 y(This)21 b(ma)m(y)i(also)g(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i(terminate)g
(execution)g(of)f(a)h(script)f(b)s(eing)f(executed)i(with)f(the)630
4134 y Fs(.)27 b Ft(\(or)g Fs(source)p Ft(\))f(builtin,)i(returning)e
(either)h Fq(n)g Ft(or)g(the)g(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h
(command)630 4244 y(executed)46 b(within)f(the)g(script)g(as)h(the)f
(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h(script.)85 b(An)m(y)45 b(command)630
4354 y(asso)s(ciated)30 b(with)e(the)g Fs(RETURN)f Ft(trap)h(is)g
(executed)h(b)s(efore)f(execution)h(resumes)f(after)h(the)630
4463 y(function)38 b(or)f(script.)63 b(The)38 b(return)e(status)i(is)g
(non-zero)h(if)e Fs(return)g Ft(is)g(used)g(outside)i(a)630
4573 y(function)30 b(and)g(not)g(during)g(the)g(execution)i(of)e(a)h
(script)f(b)m(y)h Fs(.)f Ft(or)g Fs(source)p Ft(.)150
4737 y Fs(shift)870 4874 y(shift)46 b([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(])630
5011 y Ft(Shift)41 b(the)g(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)g(to)g(the)f
(left)h(b)m(y)g Fq(n)p Ft(.)73 b(The)40 b(p)s(ositional)j(parameters)
630 5121 y(from)27 b Fq(n)p Fs(+)p Ft(1)33 b(.)22 b(.)g(.)39
b Fs($#)27 b Ft(are)g(renamed)g(to)i Fs($1)j Ft(.)22
b(.)h(.)38 b Fs($#)p Ft(-)p Fq(n)p Fs(+)p Ft(1.)h(P)m(arameters)29
b(represen)m(ted)e(b)m(y)h(the)630 5230 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)34
b Fs($#)h Ft(to)h Fq(n)p Fs(+)p Ft(1)f(are)g(unset.)55
b Fq(n)35 b Ft(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(a)h(non-negativ)m(e)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)
d(less)i(than)f(or)630 5340 y(equal)e(to)h Fs($#)p Ft(.)47
b(If)33 b Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(zero)g(or)g(greater)h(than)f
Fs($#)p Ft(,)g(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(are)h(not)p
eop end
%%Page: 39 45
TeXDict begin 39 44 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(39)630 299 y(c)m(hanged.)48
b(If)32 b Fq(n)g Ft(is)h(not)f(supplied,)h(it)g(is)f(assumed)g(to)h(b)s
(e)f(1.)48 b(The)32 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)630
408 y(unless)e Fq(n)f Ft(is)i(greater)g(than)g Fs($#)e
Ft(or)i(less)f(than)h(zero,)g(non-zero)g(otherwise.)150
578 y Fs(test)150 687 y([)432 b Ft(Ev)-5 b(aluate)32
b(a)f(conditional)h(expression)e Fq(expr)p Ft(.)41 b(Eac)m(h)31
b(op)s(erator)g(and)f(op)s(erand)g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(a)630
797 y(separate)d(argumen)m(t.)40 b(Expressions)25 b(are)i(comp)s(osed)e
(of)i(the)f(primaries)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)630
907 y(in)34 b(Section)g(6.4)h([Bash)g(Conditional)f(Expressions],)h
(page)g(73.)52 b Fs(test)33 b Ft(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)630
1016 y(an)m(y)27 b(options,)i(nor)d(do)s(es)h(it)g(accept)i(and)d
(ignore)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)g(of)g(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')g(as)h(signifying)f
(the)630 1126 y(end)j(of)g(options.)630 1265 y(When)g(the)h
Fs([)f Ft(form)g(is)g(used,)g(the)g(last)i(argumen)m(t)e(to)i(the)e
(command)g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(a)i Fs(])p Ft(.)630 1405
y(Expressions)23 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(com)m(bined)i(using)f(the)h(follo)m
(wing)h(op)s(erators,)g(listed)f(in)f(decreasing)630
1514 y(order)30 b(of)g(precedence.)630 1684 y Fs(!)g
Fj(expr)210 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(expr)37 b Ft(is)30
b(false.)630 1853 y Fs(\()g Fj(expr)40 b Fs(\))122 b
Ft(Returns)23 b(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(of)f Fq(expr)p
Ft(.)38 b(This)24 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(o)m(v)m(erride)g(the)g
(normal)1110 1963 y(precedence)31 b(of)f(op)s(erators.)630
2132 y Fj(expr1)39 b Fs(-a)30 b Fj(expr2)1110 2242 y
Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(b)s(oth)g Fq(expr1)37 b Ft(and)30
b Fq(expr2)38 b Ft(are)30 b(true.)630 2411 y Fj(expr1)39
b Fs(-o)30 b Fj(expr2)1110 2521 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(either)h
Fq(expr1)38 b Ft(or)30 b Fq(expr2)37 b Ft(is)31 b(true.)630
2690 y(The)37 b Fs(test)f Ft(and)g Fs([)h Ft(builtins)g(ev)-5
b(aluate)39 b(conditional)f(expressions)f(using)g(a)g(set)h(of)f(rules)
630 2800 y(based)30 b(on)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(argumen)m(ts.)
630 2969 y(0)h(argumen)m(ts)1110 3078 y(The)f(expression)g(is)g(false.)
630 3248 y(1)h(argumen)m(t)1110 3357 y(The)f(expression)g(is)g(true)h
(if)f(and)g(only)g(if)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(not)h(n)m(ull.)630
3527 y(2)g(argumen)m(ts)1110 3636 y(If)f(the)h(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)h
(is)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(',)g(the)g(expression)g(is)g(true)f(if)h(and)f
(only)h(if)g(the)1110 3746 y(second)j(argumen)m(t)f(is)h(n)m(ull.)50
b(If)33 b(the)h(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)i(is)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(unary)
1110 3856 y(conditional)42 b(op)s(erators)f(\(see)g(Section)h(6.4)f
([Bash)g(Conditional)g(Expres-)1110 3965 y(sions],)34
b(page)f(73\),)i(the)e(expression)f(is)h(true)g(if)g(the)g(unary)e
(test)j(is)f(true.)47 b(If)1110 4075 y(the)33 b(\014rst)g(argumen)m(t)h
(is)f(not)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)34 b(unary)e(op)s(erator,)i(the)g
(expression)f(is)1110 4184 y(false.)630 4354 y(3)e(argumen)m(ts)1110
4463 y(If)k(the)g(second)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(one)h(of)f(the)g(binary)f
(conditional)j(op)s(erators)1110 4573 y(\(see)23 b(Section)g(6.4)f
([Bash)h(Conditional)f(Expressions],)h(page)g(73\),)i(the)d(result)1110
4682 y(of)44 b(the)h(expression)f(is)g(the)g(result)g(of)h(the)f
(binary)g(test)h(using)e(the)i(\014rst)1110 4792 y(and)33
b(third)g(argumen)m(ts)h(as)g(op)s(erands.)50 b(If)33
b(the)h(\014rst)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(',)h(the)1110
4902 y(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(the)g(negation)h(of)f(the)g(t)m(w)m
(o-argumen)m(t)i(test)f(using)e(the)h(second)g(and)1110
5011 y(third)32 b(argumen)m(ts.)47 b(If)33 b(the)f(\014rst)g(argumen)m
(t)h(is)g(exactly)h(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(')f(and)f(the)h(third)1110
5121 y(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(exactly)h(`)p Fs(\))p Ft(',)g(the)f(result)f
(is)h(the)g(one-argumen)m(t)g(test)h(of)f(the)1110 5230
y(second)d(argumen)m(t.)45 b(Otherwise,)31 b(the)h(expression)f(is)g
(false.)44 b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(and)1110 5340
y(`)p Fs(-o)p Ft(')e(op)s(erators)h(are)g(considered)f(binary)f(op)s
(erators)i(in)f(this)g(case.)p eop end
%%Page: 40 46
TeXDict begin 40 45 bop 150 -116 a Ft(40)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(4)g(argumen)m(ts)1110
408 y(If)h(the)i(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft(',)h(the)f(result)g(is)g(the)g(negation)h(of)f(the)g(three-)1110
518 y(argumen)m(t)h(expression)f(comp)s(osed)h(of)f(the)h(remaining)g
(argumen)m(ts.)50 b(Oth-)1110 628 y(erwise,)34 b(the)f(expression)g(is)
g(parsed)g(and)f(ev)-5 b(aluated)34 b(according)h(to)e(prece-)1110
737 y(dence)e(using)e(the)i(rules)f(listed)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)630
894 y(5)g(or)f(more)h(argumen)m(ts)1110 1003 y(The)43
b(expression)f(is)i(parsed)e(and)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)45
b(according)f(to)f(precedence)1110 1113 y(using)30 b(the)g(rules)g
(listed)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)150 1270 y Fs(times)870 1403
y(times)630 1536 y Ft(Prin)m(t)37 b(out)h(the)g(user)e(and)h(system)g
(times)h(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(shell)f(and)g(its)h(c)m(hildren.)61
b(The)630 1645 y(return)29 b(status)i(is)f(zero.)150
1802 y Fs(trap)870 1935 y(trap)47 b([-lp])f([)p Fj(arg)11
b Fs(])46 b([)p Fj(sigspec)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 2068 y
Ft(The)43 b(commands)f(in)h Fq(arg)51 b Ft(are)44 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(read)h
(and)g(executed)h(when)e(the)h(shell)g(receiv)m(es)630
2178 y(signal)36 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)p Ft(.)57 b(If)35 b
Fq(arg)44 b Ft(is)36 b(absen)m(t)g(\(and)f(there)h(is)g(a)f(single)i
Fq(sigsp)s(ec)6 b Ft(\))35 b(or)h(equal)g(to)h(`)p Fs(-)p
Ft(',)630 2287 y(eac)m(h)28 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(signal's)h(disp)s
(osition)f(is)h(reset)g(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(it)g(had)f(when)f
(the)i(shell)g(w)m(as)630 2397 y(started.)63 b(If)37
b Fq(arg)46 b Ft(is)37 b(the)h(n)m(ull)g(string,)h(then)e(the)h(signal)
h(sp)s(eci\014ed)d(b)m(y)i(eac)m(h)h Fq(sigsp)s(ec)k
Ft(is)630 2506 y(ignored)36 b(b)m(y)g(the)g(shell)g(and)g(commands)f
(it)i(in)m(v)m(ok)m(es.)59 b(If)35 b Fq(arg)45 b Ft(is)36
b(not)g(presen)m(t)g(and)f(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 2616
y(has)e(b)s(een)g(supplied,)f(the)i(shell)f(displa)m(ys)h(the)f(trap)g
(commands)g(asso)s(ciated)i(with)e(eac)m(h)630 2725 y
Fq(sigsp)s(ec)p Ft(.)40 b(If)29 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)g(are)g(supplied,)f
(or)h(only)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(is)g(giv)m(en,)h Fs(trap)e
Ft(prin)m(ts)g(the)h(list)630 2835 y(of)f(commands)f(asso)s(ciated)i
(with)f(eac)m(h)h(signal)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)i(a)g(form)f(that)h(ma)
m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)630 2945 y(as)c(shell)g(input.)37
b(The)23 b(`)p Fs(-l)p Ft(')f(option)i(causes)f(the)g(shell)g(to)g
(prin)m(t)g(a)g(list)g(of)g(signal)h(names)f(and)630
3054 y(their)33 b(corresp)s(onding)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)47
b(Eac)m(h)34 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)39 b Ft(is)33 b(either)g(a)h(signal)g
(name)f(or)g(a)g(signal)630 3164 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)46
b(Signal)33 b(names)g(are)g(case)h(insensitiv)m(e)f(and)g(the)f
Fs(SIG)g Ft(pre\014x)g(is)h(optional.)48 b(If)33 b(a)630
3273 y Fq(sigsp)s(ec)h Ft(is)28 b Fs(0)f Ft(or)h Fs(EXIT)p
Ft(,)f Fq(arg)37 b Ft(is)27 b(executed)i(when)e(the)h(shell)g(exits.)41
b(If)27 b(a)i Fq(sigsp)s(ec)k Ft(is)28 b Fs(DEBUG)p Ft(,)630
3383 y(the)40 b(command)g Fq(arg)48 b Ft(is)40 b(executed)h(b)s(efore)f
(ev)m(ery)g(simple)g(command,)j Fs(for)c Ft(command,)630
3493 y Fs(case)28 b Ft(command,)i Fs(select)d Ft(command,)j(ev)m(ery)g
(arithmetic)h Fs(for)d Ft(command,)i(and)e(b)s(efore)630
3602 y(the)k(\014rst)e(command)h(executes)i(in)e(a)h(shell)f(function.)
44 b(Refer)31 b(to)h(the)g(description)f(of)h(the)630
3712 y Fs(extglob)d Ft(option)j(to)g(the)g Fs(shopt)e
Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)h(page)f(41\))
630 3821 y(for)c(details)i(of)e(its)h(e\013ect)h(on)f(the)g
Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(trap.)40 b(If)28 b(a)g Fq(sigsp)s(ec)35
b Ft(is)28 b Fs(ERR)p Ft(,)h(the)f(command)g Fq(arg)630
3931 y Ft(is)j(executed)g(whenev)m(er)g(a)g(simple)f(command)h(has)f(a)
h(non-zero)g(exit)h(status,)f(sub)5 b(ject)30 b(to)630
4041 y(the)k(follo)m(wing)i(conditions.)53 b(The)34 b
Fs(ERR)f Ft(trap)h(is)g(not)h(executed)g(if)f(the)g(failed)h(command)
630 4150 y(is)28 b(part)g(of)h(the)f(command)g(list)h(immediately)h
(follo)m(wing)f(an)f Fs(until)f Ft(or)h Fs(while)f Ft(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)
630 4260 y(part)h(of)h(the)g(test)g(in)f(an)h Fs(if)f
Ft(statemen)m(t,)j(part)d(of)h(a)f Fs(&&)g Ft(or)h Fs(||)f
Ft(list,)h(or)g(if)f(the)h(command's)630 4369 y(return)i(status)i(is)f
(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(erted)i(using)f Fs(!)p Ft(.)46 b(These)32
b(are)g(the)h(same)f(conditions)h(ob)s(ey)m(ed)630 4479
y(b)m(y)i(the)g Fs(errexit)e Ft(option.)55 b(If)34 b(a)i
Fq(sigsp)s(ec)k Ft(is)35 b Fs(RETURN)p Ft(,)g(the)g(command)g
Fq(arg)43 b Ft(is)35 b(executed)630 4589 y(eac)m(h)j(time)f(a)f(shell)h
(function)f(or)g(a)h(script)f(executed)i(with)e(the)g
Fs(.)g Ft(or)h Fs(source)e Ft(builtins)630 4698 y(\014nishes)29
b(executing.)630 4831 y(Signals)37 b(ignored)f(up)s(on)f(en)m(try)i(to)
g(the)f(shell)h(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(trapp)s(ed)f(or)h(reset.)59
b(T)-8 b(rapp)s(ed)630 4941 y(signals)37 b(that)f(are)h(not)f(b)s(eing)
f(ignored)h(are)h(reset)f(to)h(their)f(original)h(v)-5
b(alues)37 b(in)e(a)i(c)m(hild)630 5050 y(pro)s(cess)30
b(when)f(it)i(is)g(created.)630 5183 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f
(zero)h(unless)f(a)h Fq(sigsp)s(ec)36 b Ft(do)s(es)30
b(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(signal.)150
5340 y Fs(umask)p eop end
%%Page: 41 47
TeXDict begin 41 46 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(41)870 299 y Fs(umask)46
b([-p])h([-S])g([)p Fj(mode)11 b Fs(])630 435 y Ft(Set)30
b(the)f(shell)h(pro)s(cess's)f(\014le)h(creation)g(mask)g(to)g
Fq(mo)s(de)p Ft(.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(mo)s(de)34 b Ft(b)s(egins)29
b(with)g(a)h(digit,)630 544 y(it)e(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(an)g(o)s
(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er;)e(if)g(not,)h(it)g(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g
(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(mo)s(de)630 654 y(mask)i(similar)g(to)g(that)h
(accepted)g(b)m(y)f(the)g Fs(chmod)e Ft(command.)40 b(If)28
b Fq(mo)s(de)34 b Ft(is)28 b(omitted,)j(the)630 763 y(curren)m(t)36
b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)h(mask)f(is)g(prin)m(ted.)57
b(If)35 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(supplied)f(without)h
(a)630 873 y Fq(mo)s(de)k Ft(argumen)m(t,)d(the)e(mask)g(is)g(prin)m
(ted)g(in)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(format.)55 b(If)35 b(the)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)630 983 y(is)f(supplied,)f(and)g
Fq(mo)s(de)38 b Ft(is)33 b(omitted,)j(the)e(output)f(is)g(in)h(a)g
(form)f(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(reused)630 1092 y(as)e(input.)41
b(The)31 b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)e(the)h(mo)s(de)g(is)g
(successfully)g(c)m(hanged)g(or)g(if)g(no)630 1202 y
Fq(mo)s(de)k Ft(argumen)m(t)c(is)f(supplied,)g(and)f(non-zero)i
(otherwise.)630 1337 y(Note)38 b(that)e(when)g(the)g(mo)s(de)g(is)g(in)
m(terpreted)h(as)f(an)g(o)s(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)e(eac)m(h)i(n)m(um)
m(b)s(er)d(of)630 1447 y(the)f(umask)g(is)h(subtracted)f(from)f
Fs(7)p Ft(.)53 b(Th)m(us,)34 b(a)h(umask)e(of)i Fs(022)e
Ft(results)h(in)g(p)s(ermissions)630 1557 y(of)d Fs(755)p
Ft(.)150 1718 y Fs(unset)870 1854 y(unset)46 b([-fv])h([)p
Fj(name)11 b Fs(])630 1990 y Ft(Eac)m(h)34 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33
b(or)g(function)g Fq(name)38 b Ft(is)33 b(remo)m(v)m(ed.)50
b(If)32 b(no)h(options)h(are)f(supplied,)g(or)g(the)630
2099 y(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft(')h(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)h(eac)m(h)g
Fq(name)k Ft(refers)34 b(to)h(a)g(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)54
b(If)34 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)630 2209
y(giv)m(en,)27 b(the)d Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)25 b(refer)f(to)h(shell)g
(functions,)g(and)f(the)g(function)g(de\014nition)g(is)h(remo)m(v)m
(ed.)630 2319 y(Readonly)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(and)f(functions)f
(ma)m(y)i(not)f(b)s(e)g(unset.)45 b(The)32 b(return)f(status)h(is)g
(zero)630 2428 y(unless)e(a)g Fq(name)36 b Ft(is)30 b(readonly)-8
b(.)150 2692 y Fr(4.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(Builtin)g(Commands)275
2938 y Ft(This)30 b(section)j(describ)s(es)e(builtin)h(commands)f(whic)
m(h)g(are)i(unique)d(to)j(or)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)e(extended)g(in)150
3048 y(Bash.)41 b(Some)30 b(of)h(these)g(commands)f(are)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(in)g(the)h Fl(posix)e Ft(standard.)150 3211
y Fs(alias)870 3346 y(alias)46 b([-p])h([)p Fj(name)11
b Fs([=)p Fj(value)g Fs(])43 b(...)o(])630 3482 y Ft(Without)h(argumen)
m(ts)f(or)g(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option,)k
Fs(alias)41 b Ft(prin)m(ts)i(the)g(list)h(of)f(aliases)630
3592 y(on)36 b(the)g(standard)f(output)h(in)f(a)i(form)e(that)i(allo)m
(ws)g(them)f(to)g(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)56 b(If)630
3701 y(argumen)m(ts)29 b(are)g(supplied,)f(an)h(alias)h(is)f(de\014ned)
e(for)i(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(whose)28 b Fq(v)-5 b(alue)35
b Ft(is)29 b(giv)m(en.)630 3811 y(If)39 b(no)h Fq(v)-5
b(alue)45 b Ft(is)40 b(giv)m(en,)j(the)d(name)f(and)g(v)-5
b(alue)40 b(of)g(the)g(alias)h(is)f(prin)m(ted.)68 b(Aliases)41
b(are)630 3920 y(describ)s(ed)29 b(in)h(Section)i(6.6)f([Aliases],)h
(page)f(75.)150 4082 y Fs(bind)870 4218 y(bind)47 b([-m)g
Fj(keymap)11 b Fs(])45 b([-lpsvPSV])870 4328 y(bind)i([-m)g
Fj(keymap)11 b Fs(])45 b([-q)i Fj(function)11 b Fs(])45
b([-u)h Fj(function)11 b Fs(])45 b([-r)i Fj(keyseq)11
b Fs(])870 4437 y(bind)47 b([-m)g Fj(keymap)11 b Fs(])45
b(-f)i Fj(filename)870 4547 y Fs(bind)g([-m)g Fj(keymap)11
b Fs(])45 b(-x)i Fj(keyseq:shell-command)870 4656 y Fs(bind)g([-m)g
Fj(keymap)11 b Fs(])45 b Fj(keyseq:function-name)870
4766 y Fs(bind)i Fj(readline-command)630 4902 y Ft(Displa)m(y)26
b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(\(see)g(Chapter)f(8)g([Command)g(Line)g
(Editing],)i(page)f(89\))g(k)m(ey)630 5011 y(and)36 b(function)g
(bindings,)i(bind)d(a)i(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g(to)h(a)f(Readline)g
(function)f(or)h(macro,)630 5121 y(or)44 b(set)h(a)g(Readline)f(v)-5
b(ariable.)83 b(Eac)m(h)45 b(non-option)g(argumen)m(t)f(is)g(a)h
(command)f(as)g(it)630 5230 y(w)m(ould)35 b(app)s(ear)f(in)g(a)i(a)f
(Readline)g(initialization)j(\014le)d(\(see)h(Section)f(8.3)h
([Readline)g(Init)630 5340 y(File],)43 b(page)c(92\),)k(but)38
b(eac)m(h)i(binding)e(or)h(command)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)f(passed)g(as)i(a)
f(separate)p eop end
%%Page: 42 48
TeXDict begin 42 47 bop 150 -116 a Ft(42)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(argumen)m(t;)36 b(e.g.,)f(`)p
Fs("\\C-x\\C-r":re-read-init-fi)o(le)p Ft('.)43 b(Options,)34
b(if)g(supplied,)f(ha)m(v)m(e)630 408 y(the)e(follo)m(wing)g(meanings:)
630 576 y Fs(-m)f Fj(keymap)1110 686 y Ft(Use)54 b Fq(k)m(eymap)j
Ft(as)d(the)g(k)m(eymap)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(a\013ected)i(b)m(y)f(the)g
(subsequen)m(t)1110 795 y(bindings.)46 b(Acceptable)34
b Fq(k)m(eymap)i Ft(names)c(are)h Fs(emacs)p Ft(,)f Fs(emacs-standard)p
Ft(,)1110 905 y Fs(emacs-meta)p Ft(,)99 b Fs(emacs-ctlx)p
Ft(,)f Fs(vi)p Ft(,)j Fs(vi-move)p Ft(,)f Fs(vi-command)p
Ft(,)f(and)1110 1014 y Fs(vi-insert)p Ft(.)64 b Fs(vi)38
b Ft(is)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)41 b(to)e Fs(vi-command)p
Ft(;)i Fs(emacs)c Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)1110 1124
y(to)31 b Fs(emacs-standard)p Ft(.)630 1292 y Fs(-l)384
b Ft(List)31 b(the)f(names)g(of)h(all)g(Readline)g(functions.)630
1459 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)34 b(Readline)f(function)g(names)g
(and)f(bindings)f(in)i(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m(a)m(y)f(that)1110
1569 y(they)e(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(as)g(input)g(or)g(in)g(a)h(Readline)
g(initialization)i(\014le.)630 1736 y Fs(-P)384 b Ft(List)31
b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(function)f(names)g(and)g(bindings.)630
1904 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)25 b(Readline)f(v)-5
b(ariable)25 b(names)f(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)24 b(in)g(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m
(a)m(y)f(that)h(they)1110 2014 y(can)31 b(b)s(e)e(used)h(as)h(input)e
(or)h(in)g(a)h(Readline)g(initialization)j(\014le.)630
2181 y Fs(-V)384 b Ft(List)31 b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(names)f(and)g(v)-5 b(alues.)630 2349 y
Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g(sequences)f(b)s
(ound)f(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110 2458 y(they)d(output)f
(in)h(suc)m(h)f(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)f(they)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(as)h
(input)e(or)i(in)g(a)1110 2568 y(Readline)d(initialization)i(\014le.)
630 2736 y Fs(-S)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g
(sequences)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110
2845 y(they)31 b(output.)630 3013 y Fs(-f)f Fj(filename)1110
3122 y Ft(Read)h(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e(from)h Fq(\014lename)p
Ft(.)630 3290 y Fs(-q)g Fj(function)1110 3400 y Ft(Query)g(ab)s(out)g
(whic)m(h)g(k)m(eys)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)f(named)f
Fq(function)p Ft(.)630 3567 y Fs(-u)g Fj(function)1110
3677 y Ft(Un)m(bind)f(all)i(k)m(eys)g(b)s(ound)e(to)i(the)f(named)g
Fq(function)p Ft(.)630 3844 y Fs(-r)g Fj(keyseq)1110
3954 y Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)i(an)m(y)f(curren)m(t)f(binding)f(for)h
Fq(k)m(eyseq)p Ft(.)630 4122 y Fs(-x)g Fj(keyseq:shell-command)1110
4231 y Ft(Cause)g Fq(shell-command)k Ft(to)e(b)s(e)d(executed)j(whenev)
m(er)e Fq(k)m(eyseq)j Ft(is)e(en)m(tered.)630 4399 y(The)26
b(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)i(unless)d(an)i(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)27 b(option)g(is)f(supplied)f(or)i(an)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)150
4566 y Fs(builtin)870 4705 y(builtin)46 b([)p Fj(shell-builtin)54
b Fs([)p Fj(args)11 b Fs(]])630 4844 y Ft(Run)35 b(a)i(shell)f
(builtin,)i(passing)e(it)h Fq(args)p Ft(,)h(and)e(return)f(its)i(exit)g
(status.)59 b(This)35 b(is)i(useful)630 4953 y(when)29
b(de\014ning)h(a)g(shell)h(function)f(with)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h
(a)g(shell)f(builtin,)g(retaining)630 5063 y(the)k(functionalit)m(y)h
(of)f(the)f(builtin)g(within)g(the)h(function.)50 b(The)33
b(return)g(status)h(is)f(non-)630 5172 y(zero)e(if)g
Fq(shell-builtin)f Ft(is)g(not)h(a)g(shell)f(builtin)g(command.)150
5340 y Fs(caller)p eop end
%%Page: 43 49
TeXDict begin 43 48 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(43)870 299 y Fs(caller)46
b([)p Fj(expr)11 b Fs(])630 437 y Ft(Returns)34 b(the)g(con)m(text)j
(of)e(an)m(y)g(activ)m(e)i(subroutine)c(call)j(\(a)f(shell)g(function)f
(or)h(a)g(script)630 547 y(executed)c(with)f(the)h Fs(.)f
Ft(or)g Fs(source)f Ft(builtins\).)630 685 y(Without)45
b Fq(expr)p Ft(,)j Fs(caller)43 b Ft(displa)m(ys)i(the)f(line)h(n)m(um)
m(b)s(er)f(and)g(source)g(\014lename)h(of)g(the)630 795
y(curren)m(t)35 b(subroutine)g(call.)58 b(If)35 b(a)h(non-negativ)m(e)i
(in)m(teger)f(is)f(supplied)e(as)i Fq(expr)p Ft(,)h Fs(caller)630
905 y Ft(displa)m(ys)k(the)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)h(subroutine)d
(name,)44 b(and)c(source)g(\014le)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)630
1014 y(that)c(p)s(osition)g(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(execution)i(call)g
(stac)m(k.)54 b(This)34 b(extra)h(information)g(ma)m(y)630
1124 y(b)s(e)30 b(used,)g(for)g(example,)h(to)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h(stac)m
(k)h(trace.)42 b(The)29 b(curren)m(t)i(frame)f(is)g(frame)h(0.)630
1262 y(The)e(return)f(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)h(0)f(unless)g(the)g(shell)g
(is)h(not)f(executing)h(a)g(subroutine)e(call)i(or)g
Fq(expr)630 1372 y Ft(do)s(es)g(not)h(corresp)s(ond)e(to)i(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(p)s(osition)h(in)f(the)g(call)i(stac)m(k.)150
1539 y Fs(command)870 1677 y(command)46 b([-pVv])g Fj(command)56
b Fs([)p Fj(arguments)g Fs(...)o(])630 1816 y Ft(Runs)32
b Fq(command)k Ft(with)d Fq(argumen)m(ts)k Ft(ignoring)c(an)m(y)g
(shell)h(function)e(named)h Fq(command)p Ft(.)630 1925
y(Only)39 b(shell)i(builtin)e(commands)h(or)g(commands)f(found)g(b)m(y)
h(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Fs(PATH)f Ft(are)630 2035 y(executed.)g(If)23
b(there)h(is)f(a)h(shell)f(function)g(named)g Fs(ls)p
Ft(,)i(running)c(`)p Fs(command)29 b(ls)p Ft(')23 b(within)g(the)630
2145 y(function)33 b(will)g(execute)i(the)f(external)g(command)f
Fs(ls)f Ft(instead)i(of)f(calling)i(the)e(function)630
2254 y(recursiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)84 b(The)44 b(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)h(use)g(a)f(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)45 b(for)f Fs(PATH)g Ft(that)h(is)630 2364 y(guaran)m(teed)35
b(to)f(\014nd)e(all)j(of)f(the)g(standard)f(utilities.)52
b(The)33 b(return)g(status)h(in)f(this)h(case)630 2473
y(is)29 b(127)g(if)g Fq(command)j Ft(cannot)d(b)s(e)e(found)h(or)g(an)g
(error)h(o)s(ccurred,)f(and)g(the)h(exit)g(status)g(of)630
2583 y Fq(command)34 b Ft(otherwise.)630 2721 y(If)25
b(either)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-V)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(-v)p
Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(supplied,)h(a)f(description)g(of)h
Fq(command)i Ft(is)d(prin)m(ted.)630 2831 y(The)i(`)p
Fs(-v)p Ft(')h(option)h(causes)f(a)h(single)f(w)m(ord)g(indicating)h
(the)f(command)g(or)g(\014le)g(name)g(used)630 2941 y(to)36
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)g Fq(command)j Ft(to)c(b)s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed;)j
(the)d(`)p Fs(-V)p Ft(')g(option)g(pro)s(duces)e(a)j(more)f(v)m(erb)s
(ose)630 3050 y(description.)61 b(In)36 b(this)h(case,)j(the)e(return)e
(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f Fq(command)k Ft(is)c(found,)h(and)630
3160 y(non-zero)31 b(if)f(not.)150 3327 y Fs(declare)870
3465 y(declare)46 b([-afFirtx])f([-p])h([)p Fj(name)11
b Fs([=)p Fj(value)g Fs(])44 b(...)o(])630 3604 y Ft(Declare)29
b(v)-5 b(ariables)28 b(and)e(giv)m(e)j(them)e(attributes.)40
b(If)27 b(no)g Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)27 b(are)h(giv)m(en,)h(then)e(displa)m
(y)630 3713 y(the)k(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(v)-5 b(ariables)31
b(instead.)630 3852 y(The)d(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)g(will)h(displa)m
(y)f(the)h(attributes)f(and)g(v)-5 b(alues)28 b(of)h(eac)m(h)g
Fq(name)p Ft(.)40 b(When)28 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 3961
y(is)k(used,)g(additional)h(options)f(are)h(ignored.)46
b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')h(option)h(inhibits)e(the)h(displa)m(y)h
(of)630 4071 y(function)f(de\014nitions;)h(only)g(the)f(function)g
(name)h(and)f(attributes)h(are)f(prin)m(ted.)47 b(If)32
b(the)630 4181 y Fs(extdebug)e Ft(shell)j(option)g(is)g(enabled)f
(using)g Fs(shopt)g Ft(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)630
4290 y(page)k(41\),)h(the)e(source)g(\014le)g(name)g(and)g(line)g(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er)e(where)i(the)g(function)f(is)h(de\014ned)630
4400 y(are)f(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(as)f(w)m(ell.)55 b(`)p
Fs(-F)p Ft(')34 b(implies)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft('.)54 b(The)35
b(follo)m(wing)h(options)f(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)630
4509 y(restrict)41 b(output)g(to)g(v)-5 b(ariables)42
b(with)e(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(attributes)h(or)g(to)g(giv)m(e)h(v)-5
b(ariables)630 4619 y(attributes:)630 4786 y Fs(-a)384
b Ft(Eac)m(h)30 b Fq(name)k Ft(is)29 b(an)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)e(76\).)630
4954 y Fs(-f)384 b Ft(Use)31 b(function)f(names)g(only)-8
b(.)630 5121 y Fs(-i)384 b Ft(The)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(is)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(treated)h(as)g(an)f(in)m(teger;)41
b(arithmetic)c(ev)-5 b(aluation)1110 5230 y(\(see)29
b(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)i(page)e(74\))h(is)f(p)s
(erformed)e(when)h(the)1110 5340 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)g(assigned)f(a)h(v)-5 b(alue.)p eop end
%%Page: 44 50
TeXDict begin 44 49 bop 150 -116 a Ft(44)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Mak)m(e)25
b Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)23 b(readonly)-8 b(.)39 b(These)24
b(names)f(cannot)h(then)f(b)s(e)g(assigned)h(v)-5 b(alues)1110
408 y(b)m(y)30 b(subsequen)m(t)g(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts)h(or)f
(unset.)630 573 y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(Giv)m(e)33 b(eac)m(h)h
Fq(name)j Ft(the)32 b Fs(trace)f Ft(attribute.)46 b(T)-8
b(raced)32 b(functions)g(inherit)g(the)1110 682 y Fs(DEBUG)26
b Ft(and)h Fs(RETURN)f Ft(traps)h(from)g(the)h(calling)h(shell.)40
b(The)27 b(trace)i(attribute)1110 792 y(has)h(no)g(sp)s(ecial)h
(meaning)g(for)f(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 956 y Fs(-x)384
b Ft(Mark)30 b(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(for)29 b(exp)s(ort)h(to)g
(subsequen)m(t)f(commands)h(via)g(the)g(en)m(vi-)1110
1066 y(ronmen)m(t.)630 1230 y(Using)25 b(`)p Fs(+)p Ft(')g(instead)h
(of)f(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(turns)f(o\013)h(the)g(attribute)h(instead.)39
b(When)25 b(used)f(in)h(a)g(function,)630 1340 y Fs(declare)37
b Ft(mak)m(es)i(eac)m(h)h Fq(name)k Ft(lo)s(cal,)f(as)38
b(with)h(the)g Fs(local)e Ft(command.)66 b(If)38 b(a)h(v)-5
b(ariable)630 1450 y(name)30 b(is)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(=)p
Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(,)31 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(is)e(set)h(to)g Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(.)630
1587 y(The)35 b(return)f(status)i(is)g(zero)g(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)36 b(option)g(is)g(encoun)m(tered,)h(an)f(attempt)630
1696 y(is)c(made)g(to)g(de\014ne)f(a)h(function)g(using)f(`)p
Fs(-f)f(foo=bar)p Ft(',)h(an)h(attempt)g(is)g(made)g(to)h(assign)630
1806 y(a)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(to)g(a)f(readonly)g(v)-5
b(ariable,)47 b(an)42 b(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)h(assign)f(a)h(v)-5
b(alue)42 b(to)h(an)630 1915 y(arra)m(y)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(without)g(using)e(the)i(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(syn)m(tax)g
(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)630 2025 y([Arra)m(ys],)47 b(page)c(76\),)48
b(one)43 b(of)g(the)g Fq(names)k Ft(is)c(not)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)43 b(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(name,)i(an)630
2134 y(attempt)28 b(is)f(made)h(to)f(turn)f(o\013)i(readonly)f(status)g
(for)g(a)h(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable,)29 b(an)e(attempt)630
2244 y(is)h(made)h(to)g(turn)e(o\013)i(arra)m(y)f(status)h(for)f(an)g
(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)30 b(or)e(an)g(attempt)i(is)e(made)g(to)630
2354 y(displa)m(y)j(a)f(non-existen)m(t)i(function)e(with)g(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft('.)150 2518 y Fs(echo)870 2655 y(echo)47 b([-neE])f([)p
Fj(arg)57 b Fs(...)o(])630 2792 y Ft(Output)31 b(the)i
Fq(arg)8 b Ft(s,)33 b(separated)g(b)m(y)g(spaces,)g(terminated)g(with)f
(a)h(newline.)47 b(The)32 b(return)630 2902 y(status)40
b(is)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(0.)69 b(If)39 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(is)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)j(the)e(trailing)h(newline)e(is)h(suppressed.)66
b(If)630 3011 y(the)29 b(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)h(giv)m(en,)g
(in)m(terpretation)g(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)
g(c)m(har-)630 3121 y(acters)38 b(is)f(enabled.)60 b(The)36
b(`)p Fs(-E)p Ft(')h(option)g(disables)g(the)g(in)m(terpretation)h(of)f
(these)g(escap)s(e)630 3230 y(c)m(haracters,)h(ev)m(en)d(on)g(systems)g
(where)f(they)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)h(b)m(y)e(default.)55
b(The)34 b Fs(xpg_)630 3340 y(echo)d Ft(shell)h(option)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s
(e)e(used)h(to)h(dynamically)g(determine)f(whether)f(or)i(not)f
Fs(echo)630 3450 y Ft(expands)39 b(these)i(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracters)g
(b)m(y)g(default.)70 b Fs(echo)39 b Ft(do)s(es)h(not)g(in)m(terpret)h
(`)p Fs(--)p Ft(')f(to)630 3559 y(mean)30 b(the)h(end)f(of)g(options.)
630 3696 y Fs(echo)f Ft(in)m(terprets)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(escap)s(e)
f(sequences:)630 3861 y Fs(\\a)384 b Ft(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))630
4025 y Fs(\\b)384 b Ft(bac)m(kspace)630 4189 y Fs(\\c)g
Ft(suppress)28 b(trailing)k(newline)630 4354 y Fs(\\e)384
b Ft(escap)s(e)630 4518 y Fs(\\f)g Ft(form)30 b(feed)630
4682 y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(new)30 b(line)630 4847 y Fs(\\r)384
b Ft(carriage)32 b(return)630 5011 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(horizon)m(tal)32
b(tab)630 5176 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)630
5340 y Fs(\\\\)384 b Ft(bac)m(kslash)p eop end
%%Page: 45 51
TeXDict begin 45 50 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(45)630 299 y Fs(\\0)p
Fj(nnn)240 b Ft(the)32 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5
b(alue)33 b(is)f(the)g(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5 b(alue)32 b Fq(nnn)f
Ft(\(zero)i(to)1110 408 y(three)e(o)s(ctal)g(digits\))630
568 y Fs(\\x)p Fj(HH)288 b Ft(the)40 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)h(the)f(hexadecimal)i(v)-5
b(alue)40 b Fq(HH)1110 677 y Ft(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
(digits\))150 837 y Fs(enable)870 971 y(enable)46 b([-n])h([-p])f([-f)h
Fj(filename)11 b Fs(])45 b([-ads])h([)p Fj(name)57 b
Fs(...)o(])630 1106 y Ft(Enable)36 b(and)f(disable)h(builtin)g(shell)g
(commands.)56 b(Disabling)37 b(a)g(builtin)e(allo)m(ws)i(a)f(disk)630
1215 y(command)e(whic)m(h)g(has)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h(a)f(shell)h
(builtin)e(to)i(b)s(e)f(executed)h(without)630 1325 y(sp)s(ecifying)27
b(a)g(full)g(pathname,)g(ev)m(en)h(though)f(the)g(shell)g(normally)g
(searc)m(hes)h(for)f(builtins)630 1435 y(b)s(efore)32
b(disk)f(commands.)46 b(If)31 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(is)g(used,)g(the)g
Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)32 b(b)s(ecome)h(disabled.)45 b(Otherwise)630
1544 y Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)44 b(are)h(enabled.)82 b(F)-8
b(or)45 b(example,)k(to)c(use)f(the)g Fs(test)f Ft(binary)h(found)f
(via)h Fs($PATH)630 1654 y Ft(instead)31 b(of)f(the)h(shell)f(builtin)g
(v)m(ersion,)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(enable)e(-n)h(test)p
Ft('.)630 1788 y(If)42 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)f
(supplied,)j(or)d(no)h Fq(name)k Ft(argumen)m(ts)c(app)s(ear,)i(a)e
(list)g(of)g(shell)630 1898 y(builtins)37 b(is)h(prin)m(ted.)63
b(With)38 b(no)f(other)h(argumen)m(ts,)j(the)d(list)g(consists)g(of)g
(all)h(enabled)630 2007 y(shell)33 b(builtins.)46 b(The)32
b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(option)g(means)f(to)i(list)f(eac)m(h)h(builtin)e
(with)g(an)g(indication)i(of)630 2117 y(whether)c(or)g(not)h(it)g(is)f
(enabled.)630 2252 y(The)40 b(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(means)g(to)h
(load)g(the)f(new)f(builtin)h(command)g Fq(name)45 b
Ft(from)40 b(shared)630 2361 y(ob)5 b(ject)27 b Fq(\014lename)p
Ft(,)g(on)f(systems)g(that)h(supp)s(ort)d(dynamic)i(loading.)40
b(The)26 b(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')g(option)h(will)630 2471
y(delete)32 b(a)e(builtin)g(loaded)h(with)f(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft('.)630 2605 y(If)h(there)g(are)g(no)g(options,)h(a)f(list)h(of)f
(the)g(shell)g(builtins)g(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)43 b(The)31
b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(option)630 2715 y(restricts)f Fs(enable)e
Ft(to)i(the)f Fl(posix)g Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins.)40
b(If)27 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')i(is)f(used)g(with)g(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(',)h(the)f(new)630 2824 y(builtin)i(b)s(ecomes)h(a)f(sp)s(ecial)h
(builtin)f(\(see)i(Section)f(4.4)g([Sp)s(ecial)g(Builtins],)g(page)g
(56\).)630 2959 y(The)26 b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(unless)e(a)i
Fq(name)k Ft(is)26 b(not)g(a)h(shell)f(builtin)g(or)g(there)g(is)g(an)g
(error)630 3068 y(loading)31 b(a)g(new)f(builtin)g(from)g(a)g(shared)g
(ob)5 b(ject.)150 3228 y Fs(help)870 3362 y(help)47 b([-s])f([)p
Fj(pattern)11 b Fs(])630 3497 y Ft(Displa)m(y)40 b(helpful)e
(information)h(ab)s(out)g(builtin)f(commands.)66 b(If)38
b Fq(pattern)h Ft(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed,)630 3606 y Fs(help)28
b Ft(giv)m(es)i(detailed)g(help)e(on)h(all)h(commands)e(matc)m(hing)i
Fq(pattern)p Ft(,)g(otherwise)f(a)g(list)h(of)630 3716
y(the)36 b(builtins)f(is)h(prin)m(ted.)56 b(The)35 b(`)p
Fs(-s)p Ft(')h(option)g(restricts)g(the)g(information)g(displa)m(y)m
(ed)g(to)630 3826 y(a)c(short)g(usage)h(synopsis.)44
b(The)32 b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(unless)e(no)h(command)g(matc)m
(hes)630 3935 y Fq(pattern)p Ft(.)150 4095 y Fs(let)870
4229 y(let)47 b Fj(expression)55 b Fs([)p Fj(expression)11
b Fs(])630 4364 y Ft(The)41 b Fs(let)g Ft(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)i
(arithmetic)f(to)h(b)s(e)d(p)s(erformed)g(on)i(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariables.)74 b(Eac)m(h)630 4473 y Fq(expression)31
b Ft(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(according)f(to)h(the)f(rules)g(giv)m(en)
h(b)s(elo)m(w)f(in)f(Section)i(6.5)g([Shell)630 4583
y(Arithmetic],)51 b(page)46 b(74.)87 b(If)45 b(the)g(last)h
Fq(expression)g Ft(ev)-5 b(aluates)47 b(to)f(0,)k Fs(let)44
b Ft(returns)g(1;)630 4692 y(otherwise)31 b(0)g(is)f(returned.)150
4852 y Fs(local)870 4986 y(local)46 b([)p Fj(option)11
b Fs(])45 b Fj(name)11 b Fs([=)p Fj(value)g Fs(])44 b(...)630
5121 y Ft(F)-8 b(or)27 b(eac)m(h)g(argumen)m(t,)g(a)f(lo)s(cal)h(v)-5
b(ariable)27 b(named)e Fq(name)31 b Ft(is)26 b(created,)i(and)d
(assigned)h Fq(v)-5 b(alue)p Ft(.)630 5230 y(The)37 b
Fq(option)h Ft(can)f(b)s(e)g(an)m(y)h(of)f(the)h(options)g(accepted)g
(b)m(y)g Fs(declare)p Ft(.)59 b Fs(local)36 b Ft(can)i(only)630
5340 y(b)s(e)j(used)h(within)f(a)i(function;)48 b(it)42
b(mak)m(es)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b Fq(name)48 b Ft(ha)m(v)m(e)43
b(a)f(visible)h(scop)s(e)p eop end
%%Page: 46 52
TeXDict begin 46 51 bop 150 -116 a Ft(46)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(restricted)39 b(to)g(that)g(function)
f(and)f(its)i(c)m(hildren.)64 b(The)38 b(return)f(status)h(is)h(zero)g
(unless)630 408 y Fs(local)g Ft(is)h(used)g(outside)g(a)h(function,)h
(an)e(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)41 b Fq(name)46 b Ft(is)40 b(supplied,)i(or)e
Fq(name)45 b Ft(is)c(a)630 518 y(readonly)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
682 y Fs(logout)870 819 y(logout)46 b([)p Fj(n)11 b Fs(])630
956 y Ft(Exit)31 b(a)g(login)g(shell,)g(returning)e(a)i(status)g(of)f
Fq(n)g Ft(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(paren)m(t.)150 1121 y
Fs(printf)870 1258 y(printf)46 b([-v)h Fj(var)11 b Fs(])46
b Fj(format)57 b Fs([)p Fj(arguments)11 b Fs(])630 1395
y Ft(W)-8 b(rite)27 b(the)g(formatted)f Fq(argumen)m(ts)k
Ft(to)d(the)f(standard)f(output)h(under)e(the)i(con)m(trol)i(of)e(the)
630 1504 y Fq(format)p Ft(.)41 b(The)28 b Fq(format)j
Ft(is)e(a)g(c)m(haracter)i(string)d(whic)m(h)h(con)m(tains)h(three)f(t)
m(yp)s(es)g(of)g(ob)5 b(jects:)630 1614 y(plain)28 b(c)m(haracters,)j
(whic)m(h)d(are)h(simply)f(copied)h(to)h(standard)d(output,)i(c)m
(haracter)h(escap)s(e)630 1724 y(sequences,)g(whic)m(h)f(are)g(con)m(v)
m(erted)i(and)d(copied)i(to)f(the)h(standard)e(output,)h(and)g(format)
630 1833 y(sp)s(eci\014cations,)39 b(eac)m(h)e(of)g(whic)m(h)f(causes)g
(prin)m(ting)g(of)h(the)f(next)h(successiv)m(e)g Fq(argumen)m(t)p
Ft(.)630 1943 y(In)31 b(addition)h(to)h(the)e(standard)g
Fs(printf\(1\))f Ft(formats,)i(`)p Fs(\045b)p Ft(')g(causes)g
Fs(printf)e Ft(to)j(expand)630 2052 y(bac)m(kslash)39
b(escap)s(e)g(sequences)f(in)h(the)f(corresp)s(onding)f
Fq(argumen)m(t)p Ft(,)k(\(except)f(that)f(`)p Fs(\\c)p
Ft(')630 2162 y(terminates)44 b(output,)j(bac)m(kslashes)d(in)f(`)p
Fs(\\')p Ft(',)k(`)p Fs(\\")p Ft(',)g(and)c(`)p Fs(\\?)p
Ft(')g(are)h(not)g(remo)m(v)m(ed,)k(and)630 2271 y(o)s(ctal)25
b(escap)s(es)f(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(`)p Fs(\\0)p Ft(')h(ma)m(y)g(con)m
(tain)h(up)e(to)h(four)f(digits\),)j(and)d(`)p Fs(\045q)p
Ft(')h(causes)630 2381 y Fs(printf)31 b Ft(to)i(output)f(the)h(corresp)
s(onding)f Fq(argumen)m(t)j Ft(in)d(a)h(format)g(that)g(can)g(b)s(e)f
(reused)630 2491 y(as)f(shell)f(input.)630 2628 y(The)24
b(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g(the)g(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f
(assigned)h(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b Fq(v)-5 b(ar)32
b Ft(rather)24 b(than)630 2737 y(b)s(eing)30 b(prin)m(ted)g(to)h(the)g
(standard)e(output.)630 2874 y(The)i Fq(format)i Ft(is)f(reused)e(as)i
(necessary)f(to)i(consume)e(all)h(of)f(the)h Fq(argumen)m(ts)p
Ft(.)44 b(If)30 b(the)i Fq(for-)630 2984 y(mat)c Ft(requires)e(more)g
Fq(argumen)m(ts)k Ft(than)25 b(are)i(supplied,)e(the)h(extra)h(format)f
(sp)s(eci\014cations)630 3093 y(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)j(as)g(if)f(a)h(zero)g
(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(or)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(as)g(appropriate,)g(had)f(b)
s(een)g(supplied.)38 b(The)630 3203 y(return)29 b(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)g(zero)g(on)f(success,)h(non-zero)g(on)f(failure.)150
3367 y Fs(read)870 3504 y(read)47 b([-ers])f([-a)h Fj(aname)11
b Fs(])45 b([-d)i Fj(delim)11 b Fs(])46 b([-n)h Fj(nchars)11
b Fs(])45 b([-p)i Fj(prompt)11 b Fs(])45 b([-t)i Fj(time-)870
3614 y(out)11 b Fs(])46 b([-u)h Fj(fd)11 b Fs(])46 b([)p
Fj(name)57 b Fs(...])630 3751 y Ft(One)26 b(line)h(is)g(read)f(from)h
(the)f(standard)g(input,)h(or)g(from)f(the)h(\014le)f(descriptor)h
Fq(fd)i Ft(supplied)630 3861 y(as)37 b(an)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)f(the)h(`)
p Fs(-u)p Ft(')e(option,)k(and)c(the)i(\014rst)e(w)m(ord)g(is)h
(assigned)h(to)f(the)h(\014rst)630 3970 y Fq(name)p Ft(,)29
b(the)f(second)h(w)m(ord)e(to)i(the)g(second)f Fq(name)p
Ft(,)h(and)e(so)i(on,)g(with)f(lefto)m(v)m(er)i(w)m(ords)e(and)630
4080 y(their)g(in)m(terv)m(ening)h(separators)g(assigned)f(to)h(the)f
(last)h Fq(name)p Ft(.)40 b(If)27 b(there)i(are)f(few)m(er)g(w)m(ords)
630 4189 y(read)44 b(from)f(the)g(input)g(stream)h(than)g(names,)j(the)
c(remaining)h(names)g(are)g(assigned)630 4299 y(empt)m(y)31
b(v)-5 b(alues.)41 b(The)30 b(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f Fs(IFS)g Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(are)g(used)f(to)h(split)630 4408 y(the)37 b(line)h(in)m(to)g(w)m
(ords.)61 b(The)36 b(bac)m(kslash)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(remo)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)630
4518 y(sp)s(ecial)h(meaning)g(for)f(the)g(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(read)e
(and)g(for)g(line)h(con)m(tin)m(uation.)69 b(If)39 b(no)630
4628 y(names)28 b(are)h(supplied,)f(the)g(line)h(read)g(is)f(assigned)h
(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Fs(REPLY)p Ft(.)39 b(The)28
b(return)630 4737 y(co)s(de)i(is)f(zero,)i(unless)e(end-of-\014le)h(is)
f(encoun)m(tered,)h Fs(read)f Ft(times)h(out,)g(or)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(\014le)630 4847 y(descriptor)35 b(is)h(supplied)e(as)i(the)
f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft('.)56 b(Options,)37
b(if)e(supplied,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)630 4956 y(follo)m(wing)32
b(meanings:)630 5121 y Fs(-a)e Fj(aname)114 b Ft(The)34
b(w)m(ords)f(are)i(assigned)f(to)h(sequen)m(tial)h(indices)e(of)g(the)g
(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 5230 y Fq(aname)p Ft(,)29
b(starting)h(at)f(0.)40 b(All)29 b(elemen)m(ts)h(are)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)i
(from)d Fq(aname)34 b Ft(b)s(efore)1110 5340 y(the)d(assignmen)m(t.)41
b(Other)30 b Fq(name)36 b Ft(argumen)m(ts)30 b(are)h(ignored.)p
eop end
%%Page: 47 53
TeXDict begin 47 52 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(47)630 299 y Fs(-d)30
b Fj(delim)114 b Ft(The)41 b(\014rst)h(c)m(haracter)h(of)f
Fq(delim)g Ft(is)g(used)g(to)g(terminate)h(the)f(input)f(line,)1110
408 y(rather)30 b(than)g(newline.)630 579 y Fs(-e)384
b Ft(Readline)28 b(\(see)h(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)f(Line)g(Editing],)i
(page)f(89\))h(is)f(used)1110 688 y(to)j(obtain)g(the)g(line.)630
858 y Fs(-n)f Fj(nchars)1110 968 y Fs(read)38 b Ft(returns)f(after)j
(reading)f Fq(nc)m(hars)j Ft(c)m(haracters)e(rather)f(than)g(w)m
(aiting)1110 1077 y(for)30 b(a)h(complete)h(line)e(of)h(input.)630
1247 y Fs(-p)f Fj(prompt)1110 1357 y Ft(Displa)m(y)38
b Fq(prompt)p Ft(,)g(without)e(a)h(trailing)h(newline,)h(b)s(efore)d
(attempting)i(to)1110 1467 y(read)f(an)m(y)h(input.)60
b(The)37 b(prompt)g(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(only)f(if)g(input)g(is)g
(coming)1110 1576 y(from)30 b(a)h(terminal.)630 1746
y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(If)21 b(this)h(option)g(is)f(giv)m(en,)k(bac)m(kslash)
d(do)s(es)f(not)h(act)h(as)f(an)f(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter.)1110
1856 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)i(is)f(considered)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(part)h
(of)g(the)g(line.)43 b(In)30 b(particular,)i(a)1110 1965
y(bac)m(kslash-newline)f(pair)f(ma)m(y)h(not)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(as)i(a)g
(line)f(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 2135 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Silen)m(t)28
b(mo)s(de.)40 b(If)27 b(input)f(is)i(coming)g(from)f(a)h(terminal,)h(c)
m(haracters)g(are)f(not)1110 2245 y(ec)m(ho)s(ed.)630
2415 y Fs(-t)i Fj(timeout)1110 2525 y Ft(Cause)42 b Fs(read)g
Ft(to)h(time)h(out)f(and)f(return)f(failure)i(if)g(a)g(complete)h(line)
f(of)1110 2634 y(input)26 b(is)h(not)h(read)f(within)f
Fq(timeout)k Ft(seconds.)40 b(This)26 b(option)i(has)e(no)h(e\013ect)
1110 2744 y(if)j Fs(read)g Ft(is)g(not)h(reading)f(input)f(from)h(the)h
(terminal)g(or)f(a)h(pip)s(e.)630 2914 y Fs(-u)f Fj(fd)258
b Ft(Read)31 b(input)e(from)h(\014le)g(descriptor)h Fq(fd)p
Ft(.)150 3084 y Fs(shopt)870 3224 y(shopt)46 b([-pqsu])g([-o])h([)p
Fj(optname)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 3364 y Ft(T)-8 b(oggle)47
b(the)d(v)-5 b(alues)45 b(of)g(v)-5 b(ariables)45 b(con)m(trolling)i
(optional)f(shell)e(b)s(eha)m(vior.)84 b(With)45 b(no)630
3473 y(options,)32 b(or)f(with)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option,)h(a)g
(list)f(of)h(all)g(settable)g(options)g(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)h(with)
630 3583 y(an)i(indication)i(of)f(whether)f(or)g(not)h(eac)m(h)h(is)e
(set.)54 b(The)34 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)g(causes)g(output)f(to)
630 3692 y(b)s(e)i(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(in)e(a)i(form)f(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)
s(e)e(reused)h(as)g(input.)58 b(Other)36 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)
630 3802 y(follo)m(wing)32 b(meanings:)630 3972 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(Enable)30 b(\(set\))i(eac)m(h)f Fq(optname)p Ft(.)630
4142 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(Disable)31 b(\(unset\))g(eac)m(h)h
Fq(optname)p Ft(.)630 4312 y Fs(-q)384 b Ft(Suppresses)28
b(normal)h(output;)h(the)g(return)e(status)i(indicates)h(whether)e(the)
1110 4422 y Fq(optname)37 b Ft(is)31 b(set)h(or)f(unset.)43
b(If)31 b(m)m(ultiple)h Fq(optname)37 b Ft(argumen)m(ts)31
b(are)h(giv)m(en)1110 4531 y(with)43 b(`)p Fs(-q)p Ft(',)j(the)d
(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)g Fq(optnames)k
Ft(are)d(enabled;)1110 4641 y(non-zero)31 b(otherwise.)630
4811 y Fs(-o)384 b Ft(Restricts)42 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)42
b(of)f Fq(optname)47 b Ft(to)42 b(b)s(e)f(those)h(de\014ned)e(for)h
(the)h(`)p Fs(-o)p Ft(')1110 4921 y(option)21 b(to)h(the)f
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)j
(page)d(53\).)630 5091 y(If)29 b(either)i(`)p Fs(-s)p
Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft(')f(is)h(used)g(with)f(no)h
Fq(optname)35 b Ft(argumen)m(ts,)c(the)f(displa)m(y)g(is)g(limited)630
5200 y(to)h(those)g(options)g(whic)m(h)f(are)h(set)f(or)h(unset,)f
(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)630 5340 y(Unless)30 b(otherwise)h(noted,)g
(the)g Fs(shopt)d Ft(options)j(are)g(disabled)f(\(o\013)7
b(\))32 b(b)m(y)e(default.)p eop end
%%Page: 48 54
TeXDict begin 48 53 bop 150 -116 a Ft(48)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(The)c(return)f(status)i(when)f
(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i(if)e(all)i Fq(optnames)i
Ft(are)d(enabled,)g(non-)630 408 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66
b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g(options,)i(the)e(return)f
(status)h(is)g(zero)630 518 y(unless)30 b(an)g Fq(optname)36
b Ft(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)630
648 y(The)f(list)h(of)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(options)i(is:)630
797 y Fs(cdable_vars)1110 907 y Ft(If)j(this)h(is)g(set,)i(an)e
(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)f Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)h(command)f(that)i(is)f
(not)1110 1016 y(a)c(directory)g(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h
(name)f(of)h(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(whose)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(is)1110 1126 y(the)g(directory)f(to)i(c)m(hange)f(to.)630
1275 y Fs(cdspell)144 b Ft(If)27 b(set,)h(minor)f(errors)f(in)h(the)g
(sp)s(elling)h(of)f(a)g(directory)h(comp)s(onen)m(t)f(in)g(a)h
Fs(cd)1110 1385 y Ft(command)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(corrected.)43
b(The)30 b(errors)g(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)j(for)d(are)h(transp)s(osed)1110
1494 y(c)m(haracters,)46 b(a)c(missing)f(c)m(haracter,)47
b(and)40 b(a)i(c)m(haracter)h(to)s(o)g(man)m(y)-8 b(.)74
b(If)42 b(a)1110 1604 y(correction)25 b(is)e(found,)g(the)h(corrected)g
(path)f(is)g(prin)m(ted,)h(and)f(the)g(command)1110 1714
y(pro)s(ceeds.)40 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(only)h(used)e(b)m(y)h(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)k(shells.)630 1863 y Fs(checkhash)1110
1973 y Ft(If)29 b(this)h(is)g(set,)g(Bash)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)g(a)f
(command)f(found)g(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)1110 2082
y(exists)k(b)s(efore)f(trying)h(to)h(execute)g(it.)48
b(If)32 b(a)h(hashed)e(command)i(no)f(longer)1110 2192
y(exists,)f(a)g(normal)f(path)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(p)s(erformed.)630
2341 y Fs(checkwinsize)1110 2451 y Ft(If)41 b(set,)k(Bash)c(c)m(hec)m
(ks)i(the)f(windo)m(w)e(size)j(after)f(eac)m(h)g(command)f(and,)j(if)
1110 2560 y(necessary)-8 b(,)31 b(up)s(dates)f(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)31 b(of)g Fs(LINES)e Ft(and)g Fs(COLUMNS)p Ft(.)630
2710 y Fs(cmdhist)144 b Ft(If)33 b(set,)j(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)g(sa)m
(v)m(e)g(all)g(lines)f(of)g(a)h(m)m(ultiple-line)g(command)1110
2819 y(in)c(the)g(same)g(history)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)42
b(This)30 b(allo)m(ws)i(easy)g(re-editing)g(of)f(m)m(ulti-line)1110
2929 y(commands.)630 3078 y Fs(dotglob)144 b Ft(If)27
b(set,)i(Bash)f(includes)g(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(a)h(`.')
41 b(in)27 b(the)h(results)g(of)1110 3188 y(\014lename)j(expansion.)630
3337 y Fs(execfail)96 b Ft(If)24 b(this)h(is)f(set,)j(a)e(non-in)m
(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(will)f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(it)h(cannot)h(execute)
1110 3447 y(the)i(\014le)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)
h(the)f Fs(exec)f Ft(builtin)h(command.)39 b(An)1110
3557 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(shell)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(exit)i(if)e
Fs(exec)f Ft(fails.)630 3706 y Fs(expand_aliases)1110
3816 y Ft(If)j(set,)h(aliases)g(are)g(expanded)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(b)
s(elo)m(w)h(under)f(Aliases,)i(Sec-)1110 3925 y(tion)38
b(6.6)h([Aliases],)j(page)d(75.)64 b(This)37 b(option)h(is)g(enabled)g
(b)m(y)g(default)g(for)1110 4035 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)33
b(shells.)630 4184 y Fs(extdebug)96 b Ft(If)30 b(set,)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)
g(in)m(tended)f(for)g(use)g(b)m(y)g(debuggers)g(is)h(enabled:)1159
4314 y(1.)61 b(The)32 b(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)g(the)g
Fs(declare)d Ft(builtin)i(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)1290
4423 y(Builtins],)29 b(page)g(41\))g(displa)m(ys)f(the)g(source)h
(\014le)f(name)g(and)f(line)h(n)m(um-)1290 4533 y(b)s(er)h(corresp)s
(onding)g(to)i(eac)m(h)g(function)f(name)g(supplied)f(as)i(an)f(argu-)
1290 4643 y(men)m(t.)1159 4772 y(2.)61 b(If)20 b(the)h(command)g(run)e
(b)m(y)i(the)f Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(trap)g(returns)g(a)h(non-zero)g(v)-5
b(alue,)1290 4882 y(the)31 b(next)f(command)g(is)h(skipp)s(ed)e(and)g
(not)i(executed.)1159 5011 y(3.)61 b(If)37 b(the)g(command)g(run)f(b)m
(y)i(the)f Fs(DEBUG)f Ft(trap)h(returns)f(a)i(v)-5 b(alue)38
b(of)f(2,)1290 5121 y(and)c(the)g(shell)h(is)f(executing)i(in)e(a)h
(subroutine)e(\(a)i(shell)g(function)f(or)1290 5230 y(a)h(shell)h
(script)f(executed)h(b)m(y)f(the)g Fs(.)g Ft(or)g Fs(source)e
Ft(builtins\),)j(a)g(call)g(to)1290 5340 y Fs(return)29
b Ft(is)h(sim)m(ulated.)p eop end
%%Page: 49 55
TeXDict begin 49 54 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(49)1159 299 y(4.)61
b Fs(BASH_ARGC)34 b Ft(and)i Fs(BASH_ARGV)e Ft(are)j(up)s(dated)e(as)h
(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(their)1290 408 y(descriptions)30
b(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g(V)-8 b(ariables],)32
b(page)f(57\).)1159 551 y(5.)61 b(F)-8 b(unction)57 b(tracing)g(is)g
(enabled:)93 b(command)56 b(substitution,)63 b(shell)1290
661 y(functions,)30 b(and)f(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(with)d
Fs(\()h Fj(command)39 b Fs(\))30 b Ft(inherit)g(the)1290
770 y Fs(DEBUG)f Ft(and)h Fs(RETURN)e Ft(traps.)1159
913 y(6.)61 b(Error)74 b(tracing)i(is)f(enabled:)131
b(command)74 b(substitution,)87 b(shell)1290 1022 y(functions,)30
b(and)f(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(with)d Fs(\()h
Fj(command)39 b Fs(\))30 b Ft(inherit)g(the)1290 1132
y Fs(ERROR)f Ft(trap.)630 1307 y Fs(extglob)144 b Ft(If)26
b(set,)i(the)f(extended)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)g(features)g(describ)s
(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)1110 1417 y(Section)j(3.5.8.1)i([P)m
(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(23\))h(are)f(enabled.)630
1592 y Fs(extquote)96 b Ft(If)49 b(set,)54 b Fs($')p
Fj(string)11 b Fs(')46 b Ft(and)j Fs($")p Fj(string)11
b Fs(")46 b Ft(quoting)k(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(within)1110
1702 y Fs(${)p Fj(parameter)11 b Fs(})30 b Ft(expansions)j(enclosed)h
(in)g(double)f(quotes.)51 b(This)32 b(option)1110 1811
y(is)e(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 1987 y Fs(failglob)96
b Ft(If)30 b(set,)g(patterns)g(whic)m(h)g(fail)h(to)g(matc)m(h)g
(\014lenames)f(during)e(pathname)i(ex-)1110 2096 y(pansion)g(result)g
(in)g(an)g(expansion)h(error.)630 2271 y Fs(force_fignore)1110
2381 y Ft(If)43 b(set,)k(the)d(su\016xes)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)i
(the)f Fs(FIGNORE)f Ft(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(cause)1110
2491 y(w)m(ords)31 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(ignored)h(when)f(p)s(erforming)f(w)m
(ord)h(completion)i(ev)m(en)f(if)g(the)1110 2600 y(ignored)37
b(w)m(ords)g(are)g(the)h(only)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)62
b(See)37 b(Section)h(5.2)1110 2710 y([Bash)24 b(V)-8
b(ariables],)27 b(page)e(57,)h(for)d(a)h(description)g(of)g
Fs(FIGNORE)p Ft(.)37 b(This)22 b(option)1110 2819 y(is)30
b(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 2995 y Fs(gnu_errfmt)1110
3104 y Ft(If)35 b(set,)j(shell)e(error)g(messages)g(are)h(written)e(in)
h(the)g(standard)f Fl(gnu)g Ft(error)1110 3214 y(message)c(format.)630
3389 y Fs(histappend)1110 3499 y Ft(If)c(set,)j(the)e(history)g(list)g
(is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)29 b(of)1110 3608 y(the)d Fs(HISTFILE)d Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)26 b(when)e(the)h(shell)h(exits,)h(rather)e(than)h(o)m(v)m
(erwriting)1110 3718 y(the)31 b(\014le.)630 3893 y Fs(histreedit)1110
4003 y Ft(If)i(set,)h(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(a)g
(user)g(is)g(giv)m(en)h(the)g(opp)s(ortunit)m(y)1110
4113 y(to)d(re-edit)g(a)g(failed)g(history)f(substitution.)630
4288 y Fs(histverify)1110 4398 y Ft(If)35 b(set,)i(and)e(Readline)h(is)
f(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(the)f(results)g(of)g(history)h(substitu-)1110
4507 y(tion)h(are)g(not)g(immediately)h(passed)e(to)h(the)g(shell)g
(parser.)59 b(Instead,)38 b(the)1110 4617 y(resulting)i(line)f(is)h
(loaded)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(Readline)g(editing)g(bu\013er,)h(allo)m(wing)
1110 4726 y(further)29 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)630 4902
y Fs(hostcomplete)1110 5011 y Ft(If)38 b(set,)j(and)c(Readline)i(is)f
(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(Bash)g(will)f(attempt)h(to)g(p)s(erform)1110
5121 y(hostname)d(completion)h(when)e(a)h(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(is)g(b)s(eing)f(com-)1110 5230 y(pleted)g(\(see)h
(Section)f(8.4.6)i([Commands)d(F)-8 b(or)36 b(Completion],)g(page)g
(105\).)1110 5340 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)
p eop end
%%Page: 50 56
TeXDict begin 50 55 bop 150 -116 a Ft(50)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(huponexit)1110 408
y Ft(If)h(set,)i(Bash)f(will)h(send)d Fs(SIGHUP)h Ft(to)h(all)h(jobs)e
(when)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(login)1110 518 y(shell)31
b(exits)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g(page)f(31\).)630
667 y Fs(interactive_comments)1110 777 y Ft(Allo)m(w)c(a)g(w)m(ord)e(b)
s(eginning)g(with)h(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(to)h(cause)f(that)h(w)m(ord)f
(and)f(all)i(remain-)1110 887 y(ing)41 b(c)m(haracters)i(on)e(that)h
(line)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(ignored)g(in)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)
1110 996 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630
1146 y Fs(lithist)144 b Ft(If)22 b(enabled,)i(and)d(the)h
Fs(cmdhist)e Ft(option)j(is)f(enabled,)i(m)m(ulti-line)f(commands)1110
1255 y(are)28 b(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(history)g(with)f(em)m(b)s
(edded)g(newlines)h(rather)g(than)f(using)1110 1365 y(semicolon)32
b(separators)f(where)e(p)s(ossible.)630 1514 y Fs(login_shell)1110
1624 y Ft(The)35 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)f(option)h(if)g(it)g(is)f
(started)h(as)g(a)g(login)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Sec-)1110
1733 y(tion)29 b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)f(page)g(67\).)41
b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged.)630
1883 y Fs(mailwarn)96 b Ft(If)34 b(set,)i(and)e(a)h(\014le)g(that)g
(Bash)f(is)h(c)m(hec)m(king)h(for)f(mail)g(has)f(b)s(een)g(accessed)
1110 1993 y(since)24 b(the)h(last)g(time)f(it)h(w)m(as)f(c)m(hec)m(k)m
(ed,)k(the)c(message)h Fs("The)k(mail)h(in)f Fj(mail-)1110
2102 y(file)40 b Fs(has)29 b(been)g(read")g Ft(is)i(displa)m(y)m(ed.)
630 2252 y Fs(no_empty_cmd_completion)1110 2361 y Ft(If)f(set,)g(and)g
(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)h(Bash)g(will)g(not)g(attempt)i(to)e
(searc)m(h)1110 2471 y(the)25 b Fs(PATH)f Ft(for)h(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)j(when)d(completion)i(is)f(attempted)h(on)1110
2580 y(an)k(empt)m(y)h(line.)630 2730 y Fs(nocaseglob)1110
2839 y Ft(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(\014lenames)g(in)f(a)h
(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion)c(when)1110 2949 y(p)s(erforming)29
b(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 3098 y Fs(nocasematch)1110
3208 y Ft(If)42 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(patterns)g(in)f(a)h
(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion)d(when)1110 3318 y(p)s(erforming)31
b(matc)m(hing)i(while)f(executing)i Fs(case)d Ft(or)h
Fs([[)g Ft(conditional)h(com-)1110 3427 y(mands.)630
3577 y Fs(nullglob)96 b Ft(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(allo)m(ws)g
(\014lename)g(patterns)g(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(h)h(no)g(\014les)f(to)i
(expand)1110 3686 y(to)31 b(a)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(rather)f(than)g
(themselv)m(es.)630 3836 y Fs(progcomp)96 b Ft(If)25
b(set,)i(the)f(programmable)g(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)f
(Section)f(8.6)h([Pro-)1110 3945 y(grammable)45 b(Completion],)k(page)c
(109\))h(are)f(enabled.)82 b(This)44 b(option)h(is)1110
4055 y(enabled)30 b(b)m(y)h(default.)630 4204 y Fs(promptvars)1110
4314 y Ft(If)24 b(set,)i(prompt)d(strings)h(undergo)f(parameter)i
(expansion,)g(command)f(sub-)1110 4423 y(stitution,)34
b(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5
b(al)33 b(after)g(b)s(eing)e(ex-)1110 4533 y(panded)39
b(as)i(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)g(Section)g(6.9)g([Prin)m
(ting)g(a)g(Prompt],)1110 4643 y(page)31 b(79\).)42 b(This)30
b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 4792 y
Fs(restricted_shell)1110 4902 y Ft(The)40 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)g
(option)g(if)g(it)h(is)e(started)i(in)e(restricted)i(mo)s(de)e(\(see)
1110 5011 y(Section)c(6.10)g([The)f(Restricted)g(Shell],)i(page)e
(80\).)56 b(The)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(ma)m(y)h(not)1110
5121 y(b)s(e)c(c)m(hanged.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(not)h(reset)f(when)f
(the)h(startup)g(\014les)f(are)i(executed,)1110 5230
y(allo)m(wing)k(the)e(startup)f(\014les)h(to)g(disco)m(v)m(er)h
(whether)f(or)f(not)i(a)f(shell)g(is)g(re-)1110 5340
y(stricted.)p eop end
%%Page: 51 57
TeXDict begin 51 56 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(51)630 299 y Fs(shift_verbose)
1110 408 y Ft(If)36 b(this)g(is)g(set,)j(the)d Fs(shift)f
Ft(builtin)h(prin)m(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message)i(when)d(the)1110
518 y(shift)30 b(coun)m(t)h(exceeds)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s
(ositional)i(parameters.)630 676 y Fs(sourcepath)1110
786 y Ft(If)22 b(set,)j(the)e Fs(source)e Ft(builtin)h(uses)g(the)h(v)
-5 b(alue)23 b(of)g Fs(PATH)e Ft(to)j(\014nd)d(the)h(directory)1110
896 y(con)m(taining)29 b(the)e(\014le)h(supplied)e(as)h(an)g(argumen)m
(t.)40 b(This)27 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)1110 1005 y(b)m(y)j(default.)
630 1163 y Fs(xpg_echo)96 b Ft(If)31 b(set,)h(the)g Fs(echo)e
Ft(builtin)h(expands)f(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(e)j(sequences)f(b)m(y)f
(de-)1110 1273 y(fault.)630 1431 y(The)c(return)f(status)i(when)f
(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i(if)e(all)i Fq(optnames)i
Ft(are)d(enabled,)g(non-)630 1541 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66
b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g(options,)i(the)e(return)f
(status)h(is)g(zero)630 1650 y(unless)30 b(an)g Fq(optname)36
b Ft(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)150
1809 y Fs(source)870 1943 y(source)46 b Fj(filename)630
2077 y Ft(A)30 b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(.)g Ft(\(see)i(Section)f(4.1)g
([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\).)150 2235
y Fs(type)870 2369 y(type)47 b([-afptP])e([)p Fj(name)57
b Fs(...)o(])630 2503 y Ft(F)-8 b(or)42 b(eac)m(h)g Fq(name)p
Ft(,)i(indicate)e(ho)m(w)g(it)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)g(if)
g(used)f(as)i(a)f(command)630 2612 y(name.)630 2746 y(If)d(the)g(`)p
Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(used,)i Fs(type)d Ft(prin)m(ts)g(a)i
(single)f(w)m(ord)g(whic)m(h)g(is)g(one)g(of)h(`)p Fs(alias)p
Ft(',)630 2856 y(`)p Fs(function)p Ft(',)32 b(`)p Fs(builtin)p
Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(file)p Ft(')g(or)h(`)p Fs(keyword)p Ft(',)f(if)h
Fq(name)38 b Ft(is)33 b(an)f(alias,)j(shell)e(function,)630
2966 y(shell)i(builtin,)g(disk)g(\014le,)h(or)e(shell)h(reserv)m(ed)g
(w)m(ord,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)55 b(If)34 b(the)h
Fq(name)40 b Ft(is)35 b(not)630 3075 y(found,)29 b(then)h(nothing)h(is)
f(prin)m(ted,)g(and)g Fs(type)f Ft(returns)g(a)i(failure)g(status.)630
3209 y(If)39 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(used,)i
Fs(type)d Ft(either)h(returns)f(the)i(name)f(of)g(the)g(disk)g(\014le)g
(that)630 3319 y(w)m(ould)30 b(b)s(e)g(executed,)h(or)g(nothing)f(if)g
(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')h(w)m(ould)f(not)g(return)g(`)p Fs(file)p
Ft('.)630 3453 y(The)23 b(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')h(option)g(forces)g(a)g
(path)g(searc)m(h)g(for)g(eac)m(h)g Fq(name)p Ft(,)i(ev)m(en)e(if)g(`)p
Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(w)m(ould)f(not)h(return)630 3562 y(`)p
Fs(file)p Ft('.)630 3696 y(If)34 b(a)i(command)e(is)h(hashed,)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')h(prin)m(t)f(the)h(hashed)f(v)-5
b(alue,)37 b(not)e(necessarily)630 3806 y(the)c(\014le)f(that)h(app)s
(ears)f(\014rst)f(in)h Fs($PATH)p Ft(.)630 3940 y(If)36
b(the)h(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(used,)g Fs(type)f
Ft(returns)f(all)j(of)f(the)g(places)g(that)g(con)m(tain)h(an)f(exe-)
630 4049 y(cutable)d(named)f Fq(\014le)p Ft(.)50 b(This)33
b(includes)g(aliases)i(and)e(functions,)h(if)f(and)g(only)h(if)f(the)h
(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 4159 y(option)d(is)f(not)h(also)g(used.)630
4293 y(If)26 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(used,)g
Fs(type)e Ft(do)s(es)i(not)g(attempt)g(to)h(\014nd)d(shell)i
(functions,)g(as)g(with)630 4402 y(the)k Fs(command)d
Ft(builtin.)630 4536 y(The)35 b(return)g(status)h(is)g(zero)g(if)g(an)m
(y)g(of)g(the)g Fq(names)k Ft(are)c(found,)g(non-zero)g(if)g(none)g
(are)630 4646 y(found.)150 4804 y Fs(typeset)870 4938
y(typeset)46 b([-afFrxi])f([-p])i([)p Fj(name)11 b Fs([=)p
Fj(value)g Fs(])43 b(...)o(])630 5072 y Ft(The)29 b Fs(typeset)f
Ft(command)h(is)g(supplied)g(for)g(compatibilit)m(y)j(with)d(the)h
(Korn)e(shell;)j(ho)m(w-)630 5182 y(ev)m(er,)g(it)g(has)f(b)s(een)g
(deprecated)h(in)f(fa)m(v)m(or)i(of)e(the)h Fs(declare)d
Ft(builtin)i(command.)150 5340 y Fs(ulimit)p eop end
%%Page: 52 58
TeXDict begin 52 57 bop 150 -116 a Ft(52)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)870 299 y Fs(ulimit)46 b
([-acdefilmnpqrstuvxSH])c([)p Fj(limit)11 b Fs(])630
432 y(ulimit)25 b Ft(pro)m(vides)h(con)m(trol)i(o)m(v)m(er)g(the)f
(resources)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29 b(to)e(pro)s(cesses)f(started)h(b)m
(y)g(the)630 541 y(shell,)i(on)f(systems)g(that)h(allo)m(w)h(suc)m(h)e
(con)m(trol.)41 b(If)28 b(an)g(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i(it)e(is)h(in)m
(terpreted)630 651 y(as)i(follo)m(ws:)630 807 y Fs(-S)384
b Ft(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(soft)h(limit)g(asso)s(ciated)h
(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 963 y Fs(-H)384 b Ft(Change)30
b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(hard)g(limit)h(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h
(resource.)630 1120 y Fs(-a)384 b Ft(All)31 b(curren)m(t)f(limits)h
(are)g(rep)s(orted.)630 1276 y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(core)g(\014les)f(created.)630
1432 y Fs(-d)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(a)g(pro)s
(cess's)f(data)h(segmen)m(t.)630 1588 y Fs(-e)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(sc)m(heduling)h(priorit)m(y)f(\()p Fs(")p
Ft(nice)p Fs(")p Ft(\).)630 1745 y Fs(-f)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(\014les)f(written)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h
(and)f(its)h(c)m(hildren.)630 1901 y Fs(-i)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(p)s(ending)e(signals.)630
2057 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s
(e)f(lo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)i(in)m(to)f(memory)-8 b(.)630 2213
y Fs(-m)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(residen)m(t)h(set)g(size.)630
2370 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(op)s
(en)e(\014le)i(descriptors.)630 2526 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(The)30
b(pip)s(e)f(bu\013er)h(size.)630 2682 y Fs(-q)384 b Ft(The)30
b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(b)m(ytes)g(in)f(POSIX)f(message)j
(queues.)630 2838 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(real-time)i
(sc)m(heduling)f(priorit)m(y)-8 b(.)630 2995 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(stac)m(k)i(size.)630 3151
y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(amoun)m(t)h(of)f(cpu)g(time)h
(in)f(seconds.)630 3307 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)f(of)i(pro)s(cesses)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(to)e(a)f(single)i
(user.)630 3463 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(The)29 b(maxim)m(um)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)g
(virtual)g(memory)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)32 b(to)e(the)g(pro)s(cess.)630
3620 y Fs(-x)384 b Ft(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(\014le)f(lo)s(c)m(ks.)630 3776 y(If)j Fq(limit)j Ft(is)e(giv)m(en,)h
(it)f(is)g(the)g(new)f(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)f(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(resource;)i(the)f(sp)s(ecial)g Fq(limit)630 3886 y Ft(v)-5
b(alues)27 b Fs(hard)p Ft(,)g Fs(soft)p Ft(,)g(and)g
Fs(unlimited)d Ft(stand)j(for)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(hard)f(limit,)j(the)
e(curren)m(t)630 3995 y(soft)35 b(limit,)i(and)e(no)f(limit,)j(resp)s
(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)56 b(Otherwise,)36 b(the)f(curren)m(t)g(v)-5
b(alue)35 b(of)g(the)h(soft)630 4105 y(limit)41 b(for)f(the)h(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(resource)h(is)f(prin)m(ted,)j(unless)d(the)g(`)p
Fs(-H)p Ft(')h(option)f(is)h(supplied.)630 4214 y(When)29
b(setting)h(new)e(limits,)i(if)f(neither)g(`)p Fs(-H)p
Ft(')f(nor)h(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')f(is)h(supplied,)g(b)s(oth)f(the)h(hard)f
(and)630 4324 y(soft)37 b(limits)g(are)g(set.)60 b(If)36
b(no)g(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)i(then)d(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')h(is)f
(assumed.)59 b(V)-8 b(alues)37 b(are)g(in)630 4433 y(1024-b)m(yte)27
b(incremen)m(ts,)g(except)e(for)f(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(',)i(whic)m(h)e(is)h
(in)f(seconds,)i(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(',)g(whic)m(h)e(is)g(in)h(units)630
4543 y(of)31 b(512-b)m(yte)h(blo)s(c)m(ks,)f(and)f(`)p
Fs(-n)p Ft(')g(and)g(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft(',)h(whic)m(h)f(are)g(unscaled)h(v)
-5 b(alues.)630 4676 y(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(unless)e
(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)36 b(option)f(or)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e(supplied,)
h(or)630 4786 y(an)30 b(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g(while)h(setting)g(a)g(new)f
(limit.)150 4942 y Fs(unalias)870 5075 y(unalias)46 b([-a])g([)p
Fj(name)57 b Fs(...)47 b(])630 5208 y Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)39
b(eac)m(h)f Fq(name)k Ft(from)36 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(aliases.)61
b(If)36 b(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')h(is)g(supplied,)h(all)f(aliases)i(are)630
5317 y(remo)m(v)m(ed.)j(Aliases)31 b(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section)
i(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)f(75.)p eop end
%%Page: 53 59
TeXDict begin 53 58 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(53)150 299 y Fr(4.3)68
b(The)45 b(Set)g(Builtin)275 540 y Ft(This)29 b(builtin)h(is)g(so)h
(complicated)h(that)f(it)g(deserv)m(es)g(its)g(o)m(wn)f(section.)150
693 y Fs(set)870 825 y(set)47 b([--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP])42
b([-o)47 b Fj(option)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fj(argument)56
b Fs(...)o(])630 956 y Ft(If)22 b(no)h(options)g(or)g(argumen)m(ts)g
(are)g(supplied,)g Fs(set)f Ft(displa)m(ys)g(the)h(names)g(and)f(v)-5
b(alues)23 b(of)g(all)630 1066 y(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)27
b(and)e(functions,)h(sorted)g(according)h(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
(cale,)k(in)c(a)i(format)630 1176 y(that)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)g
(as)h(input)f(for)h(setting)h(or)e(resetting)i(the)f(curren)m(tly-set)h
(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 1285 y(Read-only)37 b(v)-5 b(ariables)37
b(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(reset.)59 b(In)36 b Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)i(only)f
(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)630 1395 y(listed.)630
1526 y(When)29 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)f(they)h(set)h(or)f(unset)f
(shell)h(attributes.)41 b(Options,)29 b(if)g(sp)s(ec-)630
1636 y(i\014ed,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
1789 y Fs(-a)384 b Ft(Mark)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(and)e(function)h
(whic)m(h)g(are)g(mo)s(di\014ed)f(or)h(created)h(for)f(ex-)1110
1899 y(p)s(ort)e(to)h(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(of)g(subsequen)m(t)f
(commands.)630 2052 y Fs(-b)384 b Ft(Cause)44 b(the)h(status)g(of)f
(terminated)h(bac)m(kground)g(jobs)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(rep)s(orted)1110
2162 y(immediately)-8 b(,)30 b(rather)d(than)f(b)s(efore)h(prin)m(ting)
g(the)g(next)g(primary)g(prompt.)630 2315 y Fs(-e)384
b Ft(Exit)37 b(immediately)h(if)e(a)h(simple)f(command)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.2.1)h([Simple)1110 2425 y(Commands],)31
b(page)i(8\))f(exits)g(with)g(a)g(non-zero)g(status,)g(unless)f(the)h
(com-)1110 2534 y(mand)f(that)h(fails)h(is)f(part)f(of)h(the)g(command)
g(list)g(immediately)h(follo)m(wing)1110 2644 y(a)41
b Fs(while)d Ft(or)j Fs(until)e Ft(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)k(part)d(of)g(the)h
(test)g(in)f(an)g Fs(if)g Ft(statemen)m(t,)1110 2754
y(part)33 b(of)h(a)g Fs(&&)f Ft(or)g Fs(||)g Ft(list,)i(or)e(if)h(the)f
(command's)h(return)e(status)i(is)f(b)s(eing)1110 2863
y(in)m(v)m(erted)e(using)e Fs(!)p Ft(.)40 b(A)30 b(trap)f(on)h
Fs(ERR)p Ft(,)f(if)h(set,)g(is)g(executed)h(b)s(efore)e(the)h(shell)
1110 2973 y(exits.)630 3126 y Fs(-f)384 b Ft(Disable)31
b(\014le)g(name)f(generation)i(\(globbing\).)630 3280
y Fs(-h)384 b Ft(Lo)s(cate)33 b(and)e(remem)m(b)s(er)h(\(hash\))g
(commands)f(as)h(they)g(are)g(lo)s(ok)m(ed)h(up)e(for)1110
3389 y(execution.)42 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g
(default.)630 3543 y Fs(-k)384 b Ft(All)34 b(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h
(form)f(of)g(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts)i(are)d(placed)h(in)1110
3652 y(the)k(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)h(not)f(just)f
(those)i(that)f(precede)g(the)1110 3762 y(command)30
b(name.)630 3915 y Fs(-m)384 b Ft(Job)30 b(con)m(trol)i(is)e(enabled)h
(\(see)g(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)h(Con)m(trol],)g(page)g(85\).)630
4069 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Read)21 b(commands)f(but)g(do)h(not)g(execute)h
(them;)i(this)d(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(c)m(hec)m(k)1110
4178 y(a)42 b(script)g(for)g(syn)m(tax)g(errors.)75 b(This)41
b(option)h(is)g(ignored)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)1110
4288 y(shells.)630 4441 y Fs(-o)30 b Fj(option-name)1110
4551 y Ft(Set)h(the)f(option)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)i
Fq(option-name)5 b Ft(:)1110 4704 y Fs(allexport)1590
4814 y Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-a)p Ft(.)1110 4967 y Fs(braceexpand)1590
5077 y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-B)p Ft(.)1110 5230 y Fs(emacs)240
b Ft(Use)25 b(an)f Fs(emacs)p Ft(-st)m(yle)h(line)f(editing)h(in)m
(terface)h(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)1590 5340 y([Command)30
b(Line)g(Editing],)h(page)g(89\).)p eop end
%%Page: 54 60
TeXDict begin 54 59 bop 150 -116 a Ft(54)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)1110 299 y Fs(errexit)144 b Ft(Same)30
b(as)h Fs(-e)p Ft(.)1110 458 y Fs(errtrace)96 b Ft(Same)30
b(as)h Fs(-E)p Ft(.)1110 618 y Fs(functrace)1590 727
y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-T)p Ft(.)1110 887 y Fs(hashall)144
b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-h)p Ft(.)1110 1046 y Fs(histexpand)1590
1156 y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-H)p Ft(.)1110 1315 y Fs(history)144
b Ft(Enable)39 b(command)g(history)-8 b(,)42 b(as)d(describ)s(ed)f(in)h
(Section)h(9.1)1590 1425 y([Bash)d(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)41
b(page)c(115.)60 b(This)36 b(option)h(is)f(on)1590 1534
y(b)m(y)30 b(default)h(in)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)1110
1694 y Fs(ignoreeof)1590 1803 y Ft(An)d(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e
(will)g(not)f(exit)h(up)s(on)e(reading)i(EOF.)1110 1963
y Fs(keyword)144 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-k)p Ft(.)1110
2122 y Fs(monitor)144 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-m)p Ft(.)1110
2281 y Fs(noclobber)1590 2391 y Ft(Same)f(as)h Fs(-C)p
Ft(.)1110 2550 y Fs(noexec)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-n)p
Ft(.)1110 2710 y Fs(noglob)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-f)p
Ft(.)1110 2869 y Fs(nolog)240 b Ft(Curren)m(tly)30 b(ignored.)1110
3029 y Fs(notify)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-b)p Ft(.)1110
3188 y Fs(nounset)144 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-u)p Ft(.)1110
3347 y Fs(onecmd)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-t)p Ft(.)1110
3507 y Fs(physical)96 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-P)p Ft(.)1110
3666 y Fs(pipefail)96 b Ft(If)44 b(set,)k(the)d(return)e(v)-5
b(alue)45 b(of)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(is)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)45
b(of)1590 3776 y(the)33 b(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h
(exit)g(with)f(a)g(non-zero)1590 3885 y(status,)28 b(or)f(zero)g(if)f
(all)i(commands)e(in)g(the)h(pip)s(eline)f(exit)i(suc-)1590
3995 y(cessfully)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(disabled)g(b)m(y)h
(default.)1110 4154 y Fs(posix)240 b Ft(Change)30 b(the)g(b)s(eha)m
(vior)h(of)f(Bash)g(where)g(the)g(default)h(op)s(era-)1590
4264 y(tion)25 b(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)h Fl(posix)f
Ft(standard)f(to)i(matc)m(h)h(the)f(stan-)1590 4374 y(dard)32
b(\(see)i(Section)g(6.11)h([Bash)e(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)j(page)e(80\).)
1590 4483 y(This)k(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m
(v)m(e)g(as)g(a)f(strict)h(su-)1590 4593 y(p)s(erset)30
b(of)h(that)f(standard.)1110 4752 y Fs(privileged)1590
4862 y Ft(Same)g(as)h Fs(-p)p Ft(.)1110 5021 y Fs(verbose)144
b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h Fs(-v)p Ft(.)1110 5181 y Fs(vi)384
b Ft(Use)31 b(a)g Fs(vi)p Ft(-st)m(yle)g(line)g(editing)g(in)m
(terface.)1110 5340 y Fs(xtrace)192 b Ft(Same)30 b(as)h
Fs(-x)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 55 61
TeXDict begin 55 60 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(55)630 299 y Fs(-p)384
b Ft(T)-8 b(urn)33 b(on)h(privileged)h(mo)s(de.)51 b(In)34
b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h(the)f Fs($BASH_ENV)e Ft(and)h Fs($ENV)1110
408 y Ft(\014les)k(are)h(not)g(pro)s(cessed,)h(shell)f(functions)f(are)
h(not)f(inherited)h(from)f(the)1110 518 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)f(and)d
(the)h Fs(SHELLOPTS)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)35 b(if)f(it)h(app)s(ears)e
(in)h(the)g(en-)1110 628 y(vironmen)m(t,)d(is)f(ignored.)41
b(If)29 b(the)i(shell)f(is)g(started)h(with)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j
(user)1110 737 y(\(group\))d(id)g(not)g(equal)h(to)f(the)g(real)h(user)
e(\(group\))i(id,)f(and)f(the)h Fs(-p)f Ft(option)1110
847 y(is)40 b(not)g(supplied,)i(these)e(actions)i(are)e(tak)m(en)h(and)
f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)1110 956 y(is)d(set)h(to)h(the)e
(real)h(user)f(id.)58 b(If)36 b(the)h Fs(-p)f Ft(option)g(is)h
(supplied)e(at)i(startup,)1110 1066 y(the)29 b(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d
(id)g(is)g(not)h(reset.)40 b(T)-8 b(urning)29 b(this)g(option)g(o\013)h
(causes)g(the)1110 1176 y(e\013ectiv)m(e)e(user)d(and)g(group)g(ids)h
(to)g(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)h(the)f(real)g(user)f(and)g(group)g(ids.)630
1337 y Fs(-t)384 b Ft(Exit)31 b(after)g(reading)f(and)g(executing)h
(one)g(command.)630 1499 y Fs(-u)384 b Ft(T)-8 b(reat)38
b(unset)e(v)-5 b(ariables)37 b(as)h(an)e(error)h(when)e(p)s(erforming)h
(parameter)h(ex-)1110 1609 y(pansion.)58 b(An)36 b(error)f(message)j
(will)e(b)s(e)g(written)g(to)h(the)g(standard)e(error,)1110
1718 y(and)30 b(a)h(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(will)h(exit.)630
1880 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(Prin)m(t)30 b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)g(they)f
(are)h(read.)630 2042 y Fs(-x)384 b Ft(Prin)m(t)21 b(a)h(trace)h(of)f
(simple)f(commands,)i Fs(for)e Ft(commands,)i Fs(case)d
Ft(commands,)1110 2151 y Fs(select)29 b Ft(commands,)j(and)e
(arithmetic)j Fs(for)d Ft(commands)h(and)f(their)i(argu-)1110
2261 y(men)m(ts)h(or)f(asso)s(ciated)i(w)m(ord)e(lists)h(after)g(they)f
(are)h(expanded)f(and)f(b)s(efore)1110 2371 y(they)i(are)g(executed.)49
b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g Fs(PS4)f Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)34 b(is)f(expanded)f(and)1110 2480 y(the)24
b(resultan)m(t)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(is)g(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)f(the)h
(command)g(and)f(its)i(expanded)1110 2590 y(argumen)m(ts.)630
2752 y Fs(-B)384 b Ft(The)41 b(shell)g(will)g(p)s(erform)f(brace)h
(expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.1)g([Brace)1110 2861
y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(17\).)42 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(on)g(b)m
(y)h(default.)630 3023 y Fs(-C)384 b Ft(Prev)m(en)m(t)25
b(output)e(redirection)h(using)f(`)p Fs(>)p Ft(',)i(`)p
Fs(>&)p Ft(',)g(and)e(`)p Fs(<>)p Ft(')g(from)h(o)m(v)m(erwriting)1110
3133 y(existing)31 b(\014les.)630 3294 y Fs(-E)384 b
Ft(If)39 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)f(on)g Fs(ERR)g Ft(is)g(inherited)g(b)m
(y)g(shell)h(functions,)h(command)1110 3404 y(substitutions,)35
b(and)e(commands)g(executed)i(in)f(a)g(subshell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)
1110 3513 y(The)d Fs(ERR)f Ft(trap)i(is)f(normally)h(not)f(inherited)g
(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 3675 y Fs(-H)384 b Ft(Enable)38
b(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')h(st)m(yle)h(history)e(substitution)g(\(see)h
(Section)h(9.3)f([History)g(In-)1110 3785 y(teraction],)g(page)d
(117\).)57 b(This)34 b(option)i(is)f(on)g(b)m(y)h(default)f(for)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)1110 3894 y(shells.)630 4056 y Fs(-P)384
b Ft(If)43 b(set,)k(do)c(not)g(follo)m(w)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(links)e
(when)g(p)s(erforming)g(commands)1110 4166 y(suc)m(h)29
b(as)h Fs(cd)f Ft(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(directory)
-8 b(.)42 b(The)28 b(ph)m(ysical)j(direc-)1110 4275 y(tory)j(is)g(used)
f(instead.)52 b(By)34 b(default,)h(Bash)f(follo)m(ws)h(the)f(logical)i
(c)m(hain)f(of)1110 4385 y(directories)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)h
(commands)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)i(the)f(curren)m(t)1110
4495 y(directory)-8 b(.)1110 4630 y(F)g(or)31 b(example,)g(if)f(`)p
Fs(/usr/sys)p Ft(')e(is)i(a)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)h(link)f(to)g(`)p
Fs(/usr/local/sys)p Ft(')1110 4740 y(then:)1350 4876
y Fs($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 4985 y(/usr/sys)1350
5095 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 5204 y(/usr)1110 5340
y Ft(If)30 b Fs(set)f(-P)h Ft(is)h(on,)f(then:)p eop
end
%%Page: 56 62
TeXDict begin 56 61 bop 150 -116 a Ft(56)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)1350 299 y Fs($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i
($PWD)1350 408 y(/usr/local/sys)1350 518 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350
628 y(/usr/local)630 787 y(-T)384 b Ft(If)34 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)g
(on)g Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(and)i Fs(RETURN)e Ft(are)i(inherited)g(b)m(y)f
(shell)i(func-)1110 897 y(tions,)k(command)d(substitutions,)h(and)f
(commands)g(executed)h(in)f(a)h(sub-)1110 1006 y(shell)33
b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49 b(The)32 b Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(and)g
Fs(RETURN)f Ft(traps)h(are)i(normally)f(not)1110 1116
y(inherited)d(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 1275 y Fs(--)384
b Ft(If)31 b(no)h(argumen)m(ts)f(follo)m(w)i(this)f(option,)g(then)f
(the)h(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)1110 1385 y(are)h(unset.)49
b(Otherwise,)34 b(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(are)g(set)g(to)g
(the)g Fq(ar-)1110 1494 y(gumen)m(ts)p Ft(,)d(ev)m(en)g(if)f(some)h(of)
g(them)f(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)630 1654
y Fs(-)432 b Ft(Signal)45 b(the)g(end)f(of)h(options,)k(cause)c(all)h
(remaining)e Fq(argumen)m(ts)49 b Ft(to)d(b)s(e)1110
1763 y(assigned)38 b(to)h(the)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters.)65
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(-x)p Ft(')h(and)g(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft(')g(options)1110
1873 y(are)25 b(turned)e(o\013.)40 b(If)24 b(there)h(are)g(no)f
(argumen)m(ts,)i(the)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters)1110
1983 y(remain)k(unc)m(hanged.)630 2142 y(Using)d(`)p
Fs(+)p Ft(')h(rather)f(than)g(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(causes)h(these)f
(options)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(turned)g(o\013.)40 b(The)27 b(options)h(can)630
2252 y(also)36 b(b)s(e)f(used)f(up)s(on)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(of)e
(the)g(shell.)56 b(The)34 b(curren)m(t)h(set)h(of)f(options)h(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)630 2361 y(found)29 b(in)h Fs($-)p Ft(.)630 2496
y(The)43 b(remaining)h(N)f Fq(argumen)m(ts)48 b Ft(are)c(p)s(ositional)
g(parameters)g(and)f(are)h(assigned,)j(in)630 2605 y(order,)30
b(to)h Fs($1)p Ft(,)f Fs($2)p Ft(,)36 b(.)22 b(.)g(.)42
b Fs($N)p Ft(.)e(The)30 b(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)g Fs(#)f
Ft(is)g(set)h(to)g(N.)630 2740 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(alw)m(a)m
(ys)i(zero)f(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f
(supplied.)150 2997 y Fr(4.4)68 b(Sp)t(ecial)45 b(Builtins)275
3241 y Ft(F)-8 b(or)40 b(historical)i(reasons,)g(the)f
Fl(posix)e Ft(standard)g(has)h(classi\014ed)g(sev)m(eral)i(builtin)d
(commands)h(as)150 3351 y Fm(sp)-5 b(e)g(cial)p Ft(.)84
b(When)44 b(Bash)g(is)g(executing)i(in)d Fl(posix)h Ft(mo)s(de,)j(the)e
(sp)s(ecial)f(builtins)g(di\013er)g(from)g(other)150
3460 y(builtin)30 b(commands)g(in)g(three)h(resp)s(ects:)199
3595 y(1.)61 b(Sp)s(ecial)31 b(builtins)e(are)i(found)e(b)s(efore)h
(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)199
3729 y(2.)61 b(If)30 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returns)f(an)h(error)
g(status,)h(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(exits.)199
3864 y(3.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)30 b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(the)f
(command)g(sta)m(y)i(in)e(e\013ect)i(in)e(the)h(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m
(t)330 3973 y(after)i(the)f(command)h(completes.)275
4133 y(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(not)f(executing)i(in)e Fl(posix)f
Ft(mo)s(de,)j(these)f(builtins)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(no)f(di\013eren)m
(tly)h(than)150 4242 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h(builtin)e
(commands.)41 b(The)30 b(Bash)g Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de)g(is)g(describ)s
(ed)f(in)h(Section)h(6.11)150 4352 y([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g
(80.)275 4487 y(These)f(are)g(the)h Fl(posix)f Ft(sp)s(ecial)h
(builtins:)390 4621 y Fs(break)46 b(:)i(.)f(continue)f(eval)g(exec)h
(exit)g(export)f(readonly)f(return)h(set)390 4731 y(shift)g(trap)h
(unset)p eop end
%%Page: 57 63
TeXDict begin 57 62 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(57)150 299 y Fo(5)80
b(Shell)53 b(V)-13 b(ariables)275 525 y Ft(This)36 b(c)m(hapter)i
(describ)s(es)e(the)h(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(that)g(Bash)f(uses.)
61 b(Bash)37 b(automatically)j(assigns)150 635 y(default)31
b(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(to)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(v)-5
b(ariables.)150 887 y Fr(5.1)68 b(Bourne)45 b(Shell)g(V)-11
b(ariables)275 1130 y Ft(Bash)36 b(uses)g(certain)h(shell)f(v)-5
b(ariables)37 b(in)f(the)h(same)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)f(the)h(Bourne)f
(shell.)59 b(In)35 b(some)i(cases,)150 1240 y(Bash)31
b(assigns)f(a)h(default)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable.)150 1396 y Fs(CDPATH)192 b Ft(A)39 b(colon-separated)i(list)
e(of)g(directories)h(used)f(as)g(a)g(searc)m(h)h(path)e(for)h(the)g
Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)630 1505 y(command.)150 1662 y Fs(HOME)288
b Ft(The)23 b(curren)m(t)h(user's)f(home)g(directory;)k(the)d(default)g
(for)f(the)h Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)g(command.)38 b(The)630
1771 y(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(is)g(also)g(used)e(b)m(y)h(tilde)h(expansion)f(\(see)i(Section)f
(3.5.2)h([Tilde)630 1881 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(18\).)150
2037 y Fs(IFS)336 b Ft(A)25 b(list)i(of)e(c)m(haracters)i(that)f
(separate)g(\014elds;)h(used)e(when)f(the)i(shell)f(splits)h(w)m(ords)e
(as)i(part)630 2147 y(of)31 b(expansion.)150 2303 y Fs(MAIL)288
b Ft(If)26 b(this)f(parameter)i(is)f(set)g(to)h(a)g(\014lename)f(and)f
(the)h Fs(MAILPATH)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)f(not)g(set,)i(Bash)630
2413 y(informs)i(the)g(user)g(of)g(the)h(arriv)-5 b(al)31
b(of)f(mail)h(in)f(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(\014le.)150
2569 y Fs(MAILPATH)96 b Ft(A)33 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f
(\014lenames)h(whic)m(h)f(the)g(shell)g(p)s(erio)s(dically)h(c)m(hec)m
(ks)g(for)f(new)630 2678 y(mail.)60 b(Eac)m(h)37 b(list)g(en)m(try)g
(can)g(sp)s(ecify)f(the)h(message)h(that)f(is)g(prin)m(ted)f(when)f
(new)h(mail)630 2788 y(arriv)m(es)29 b(in)g(the)g(mail)g(\014le)g(b)m
(y)g(separating)g(the)g(\014le)g(name)g(from)f(the)h(message)h(with)e
(a)i(`)p Fs(?)p Ft('.)630 2898 y(When)i(used)f(in)h(the)g(text)i(of)e
(the)g(message,)i Fs($_)e Ft(expands)f(to)i(the)f(name)g(of)h(the)f
(curren)m(t)630 3007 y(mail)f(\014le.)150 3163 y Fs(OPTARG)192
b Ft(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f(the)h(last)g(option)g(argumen)m(t)g
(pro)s(cessed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs(getopts)f Ft(builtin.)150
3320 y Fs(OPTIND)192 b Ft(The)30 b(index)g(of)g(the)h(last)g(option)g
(argumen)m(t)g(pro)s(cessed)f(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs(getopts)f
Ft(builtin.)150 3476 y Fs(PATH)288 b Ft(A)32 b(colon-separated)i(list)f
(of)f(directories)h(in)e(whic)m(h)h(the)g(shell)g(lo)s(oks)h(for)f
(commands.)45 b(A)630 3586 y(zero-length)e(\(n)m(ull\))g(directory)f
(name)g(in)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(of)g Fs(PATH)f Ft(indicates)i(the)f
(curren)m(t)630 3695 y(directory)-8 b(.)49 b(A)33 b(n)m(ull)f
(directory)i(name)e(ma)m(y)i(app)s(ear)e(as)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(adjacen)m(t)g
(colons,)g(or)f(as)g(an)630 3805 y(initial)f(or)e(trailing)h(colon.)150
3961 y Fs(PS1)336 b Ft(The)35 b(primary)f(prompt)h(string.)55
b(The)35 b(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)h(`)p Fs(\\s-\\v\\$)28
b Ft('.)56 b(See)36 b(Section)g(6.9)630 4071 y([Prin)m(ting)28
b(a)g(Prompt],)g(page)h(79,)g(for)e(the)h(complete)h(list)g(of)e(escap)
s(e)h(sequences)g(that)h(are)630 4180 y(expanded)h(b)s(efore)g
Fs(PS1)f Ft(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)150 4336 y Fs(PS2)336
b Ft(The)30 b(secondary)g(prompt)g(string.)41 b(The)29
b(default)i(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(>)g Ft('.)150
4589 y Fr(5.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(V)-11 b(ariables)275 4832
y Ft(These)36 b(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)g(set)f(or)h(used)e(b)m(y)h
(Bash,)i(but)d(other)i(shells)f(do)g(not)g(normally)h(treat)g(them)150
4941 y(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 5074 y(A)24 b(few)g(v)-5
b(ariables)24 b(used)g(b)m(y)f(Bash)i(are)f(describ)s(ed)f(in)h
(di\013eren)m(t)g(c)m(hapters:)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(for)f(con)m(trolling)150 5184 y(the)31 b(job)f(con)m(trol)h
(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(7.3)h([Job)e(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8
b(ariables],)32 b(page)g(88\).)150 5340 y Fs(BASH)288
b Ft(The)30 b(full)g(pathname)g(used)g(to)h(execute)h(the)e(curren)m(t)
g(instance)h(of)g(Bash.)p eop end
%%Page: 58 64
TeXDict begin 58 63 bop 150 -116 a Ft(58)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(BASH_ARGC)630 408
y Ft(An)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(whose)f(v)-5
b(alues)31 b(are)g(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(parameters)g(in)f(eac)m
(h)h(frame)g(of)630 518 y(the)26 b(curren)m(t)f(bash)g(execution)i
(call)g(stac)m(k.)41 b(The)25 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)h(parameters)g(to)
g(the)g(curren)m(t)630 628 y(subroutine)i(\(shell)i(function)g(or)f
(script)g(executed)i(with)e Fs(.)g Ft(or)h Fs(source)p
Ft(\))e(is)h(at)h(the)g(top)g(of)630 737 y(the)37 b(stac)m(k.)63
b(When)37 b(a)h(subroutine)e(is)h(executed,)j(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d
(of)j(parameters)f(passed)630 847 y(is)g(pushed)f(on)m(to)i
Fs(BASH_ARGC)p Ft(.)59 b(The)37 b(shell)g(sets)h Fs(BASH_ARGC)c
Ft(only)k(when)e(in)h(extended)630 956 y(debugging)e(mo)s(de)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)j(page)e(41)g(for)f(a)h
(description)g(of)630 1066 y(the)31 b Fs(extdebug)d Ft(option)j(to)g
(the)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(builtin\).)150 1240 y Fs(BASH_ARGV)630
1350 y Ft(An)24 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(con)m(taining)h(all)f
(of)f(the)h(parameters)f(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(bash)g(execution)630
1459 y(call)35 b(stac)m(k.)53 b(The)34 b(\014nal)g(parameter)g(of)g
(the)g(last)h(subroutine)e(call)i(is)f(at)h(the)f(top)h(of)f(the)630
1569 y(stac)m(k;)28 b(the)c(\014rst)f(parameter)i(of)f(the)g(initial)i
(call)f(is)f(at)h(the)f(b)s(ottom.)39 b(When)24 b(a)g(subroutine)630
1678 y(is)40 b(executed,)j(the)d(parameters)h(supplied)d(are)i(pushed)f
(on)m(to)i Fs(BASH_ARGV)p Ft(.)66 b(The)40 b(shell)630
1788 y(sets)31 b Fs(BASH_ARGV)e Ft(only)i(when)e(in)i(extended)g
(debugging)g(mo)s(de)f(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)630
1898 y(Builtins],)25 b(page)e(41)g(for)f(a)h(description)g(of)f(the)h
Fs(extdebug)d Ft(option)j(to)g(the)g Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin\).)150
2072 y Fs(BASH_COMMAND)630 2181 y Ft(The)39 b(command)h(curren)m(tly)g
(b)s(eing)f(executed)i(or)e(ab)s(out)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(executed,)44
b(unless)39 b(the)630 2291 y(shell)g(is)g(executing)g(a)g(command)g(as)
g(the)f(result)h(of)g(a)g(trap,)i(in)d(whic)m(h)g(case)i(it)f(is)g(the)
630 2400 y(command)30 b(executing)i(at)f(the)f(time)h(of)g(the)g(trap.)
150 2574 y Fs(BASH_ENV)96 b Ft(If)28 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(is)e(set)h(when)f(Bash)g(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(to)f(execute)h(a)e
(shell)h(script,)g(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)630 2684
y(expanded)k(and)h(used)g(as)g(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)h(startup)f(\014le)g
(to)h(read)f(b)s(efore)g(executing)i(the)630 2794 y(script.)41
b(See)30 b(Section)h(6.2)h([Bash)f(Startup)e(Files],)j(page)f(69.)150
2968 y Fs(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)630 3077 y Ft(The)f(command)g(argumen)m
(t)h(to)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(option.)150
3251 y Fs(BASH_LINENO)630 3361 y Ft(An)38 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)39 b(whose)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(are)i(the)g(line)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(ers)e(in)h(source)h(\014les)f(corre-)630 3471 y(sp)s(onding)h(to)i
(eac)m(h)g(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)i Fq(FUNCNAME)p Ft(.)g Fs
(${BASH_LINENO[$i]})35 b Ft(is)40 b(the)h(line)630 3580
y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)26 b(in)i(the)g(source)f(\014le)h(where)f
Fs(${FUNCNAME[$i]})d Ft(w)m(as)k(called.)41 b(The)27
b(corresp)s(ond-)630 3690 y(ing)f(source)h(\014le)f(name)g(is)h
Fs(${BASH_SOURCE[$i]})p Ft(.)34 b(Use)27 b Fs(LINENO)d
Ft(to)j(obtain)g(the)f(curren)m(t)630 3799 y(line)31
b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)150 3973 y Fs(BASH_REMATCH)630 4083
y Ft(An)43 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(whose)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)f
(are)h(assigned)g(b)m(y)f(the)h(`)p Fs(=~)p Ft(')g(binary)f(op)s
(erator)630 4193 y(to)37 b(the)f Fs([[)g Ft(conditional)i(command)e
(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.4.2)i([Conditional)e(Constructs],)630
4302 y(page)e(10\).)52 b(The)33 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)d(index)g(0)i(is)f
(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(of)h(the)g(string)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)630
4412 y(en)m(tire)29 b(regular)f(expression.)40 b(The)27
b(elemen)m(t)j(with)d(index)h Fq(n)f Ft(is)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)g(of)g
(the)g(string)630 4521 y(matc)m(hing)j(the)g Fq(n)p Ft(th)f(paren)m
(thesized)h(sub)s(expression.)39 b(This)29 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(is)g(read-only)-8 b(.)150 4695 y Fs(BASH_SOURCE)630
4805 y Ft(An)24 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b(whose)e(mem)m(b)s(ers)
g(are)h(the)g(source)f(\014lenames)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)j(the)630
4915 y(elemen)m(ts)32 b(in)e(the)g Fs(FUNCNAME)e Ft(arra)m(y)j(v)-5
b(ariable.)150 5089 y Fs(BASH_SUBSHELL)630 5198 y Ft(Incremen)m(ted)34
b(b)m(y)h(one)f(eac)m(h)i(time)f(a)f(subshell)g(or)g(subshell)f(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)i(is)f(spa)m(wned.)630 5308 y(The)c(initial)h(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)g(0.)p eop end
%%Page: 59 65
TeXDict begin 59 64 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(59)150 299 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO)630
408 y Ft(A)36 b(readonly)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(\(see)f(Section)h(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)e(76\))h(whose)f(mem)m(b)
s(ers)630 518 y(hold)c(v)m(ersion)h(information)f(for)g(this)g
(instance)h(of)g(Bash.)46 b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alues)32
b(assigned)h(to)g(the)630 628 y(arra)m(y)e(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(are)i(as)g
(follo)m(ws:)630 779 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[0])1110 889 y
Ft(The)f(ma)5 b(jor)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(\(the)i
Fq(release)5 b Ft(\).)630 1041 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[1])1110
1150 y Ft(The)30 b(minor)g(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(\(the)i
Fq(v)m(ersion)p Ft(\).)630 1302 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[2])1110
1412 y Ft(The)f(patc)m(h)h(lev)m(el.)630 1563 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[3])
1110 1673 y Ft(The)f(build)f(v)m(ersion.)630 1825 y Fs
(BASH_VERSINFO[4])1110 1934 y Ft(The)h(release)i(status)e(\(e.g.,)j
Fq(b)s(eta1)7 b Ft(\).)630 2086 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO[5])1110
2196 y Ft(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs(MACHTYPE)p
Ft(.)150 2347 y Fs(BASH_VERSION)630 2457 y Ft(The)g(v)m(ersion)h(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)h(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)g(Bash.)150
2609 y Fs(COLUMNS)144 b Ft(Used)36 b(b)m(y)h(the)f Fs(select)f
Ft(builtin)h(command)h(to)g(determine)f(the)h(terminal)g(width)f(when)
630 2718 y(prin)m(ting)30 b(selection)i(lists.)42 b(Automatically)33
b(set)e(up)s(on)d(receipt)k(of)e(a)h Fs(SIGWINCH)p Ft(.)150
2870 y Fs(COMP_CWORD)630 2980 y Ft(An)38 b(index)g(in)m(to)h
Fs(${COMP_WORDS})c Ft(of)k(the)g(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(the)e
(curren)m(t)g(cursor)g(p)s(o-)630 3089 y(sition.)72 b(This)40
b(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)43 b(only)e(in)f(shell)h
(functions)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(the)h(pro-)630
3199 y(grammable)36 b(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(8.6)g
([Programmable)g(Completion],)630 3308 y(page)31 b(109\).)150
3460 y Fs(COMP_LINE)630 3570 y Ft(The)38 b(curren)m(t)h(command)f
(line.)66 b(This)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)41 b(only)d(in)h(shell)f(functions)630 3679
y(and)25 b(external)h(commands)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
(programmable)f(completion)i(facilities)g(\(see)630 3789
y(Section)k(8.6)h([Programmable)f(Completion],)g(page)g(109\).)150
3941 y Fs(COMP_POINT)630 4050 y Ft(The)25 b(index)g(of)h(the)g(curren)m
(t)f(cursor)g(p)s(osition)h(relativ)m(e)i(to)e(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)
g(the)h(curren)m(t)630 4160 y(command.)40 b(If)27 b(the)h(curren)m(t)g
(cursor)g(p)s(osition)g(is)g(at)g(the)g(end)g(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g
(command,)630 4269 y(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)g(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)f(equal)g(to)h Fs(${#COMP_LINE})p Ft(.)37
b(This)29 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)630
4379 y(only)36 b(in)f(shell)h(functions)f(and)g(external)h(commands)g
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(the)h(programmable)630 4489
y(completion)c(facilities)g(\(see)g(Section)f(8.6)g([Programmable)g
(Completion],)h(page)f(109\).)150 4640 y Fs(COMP_WORDBREAKS)630
4750 y Ft(The)e(set)i(of)e(c)m(haracters)j(that)e(the)g(Readline)g
(library)g(treats)g(as)g(w)m(ord)g(separators)g(when)630
4859 y(p)s(erforming)i(w)m(ord)h(completion.)51 b(If)33
b Fs(COMP_WORDBREAKS)c Ft(is)34 b(unset,)g(it)f(loses)i(its)e(sp)s
(ecial)630 4969 y(prop)s(erties,)d(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m
(tly)f(reset.)150 5121 y Fs(COMP_WORDS)630 5230 y Ft(An)36
b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(consisting)g(of)f(the)g(individual)f
(w)m(ords)h(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g(command)630 5340
y(line.)76 b(The)41 b(w)m(ords)h(are)g(split)h(on)e(shell)i(metac)m
(haracters)h(as)e(the)h(shell)f(parser)f(w)m(ould)p eop
end
%%Page: 60 66
TeXDict begin 60 65 bop 150 -116 a Ft(60)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(separate)g(them.)40
b(This)29 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)32
b(only)d(in)g(shell)h(functions)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)f(the)630
408 y(programmable)42 b(completion)h(facilities)h(\(see)e(Section)h
(8.6)f([Programmable)h(Comple-)630 518 y(tion],)31 b(page)g(109\).)150
682 y Fs(COMPREPLY)630 792 y Ft(An)37 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)38 b(from)f(whic)m(h)g(Bash)g(reads)g(the)h(p)s(ossible)e
(completions)j(generated)630 902 y(b)m(y)33 b(a)g(shell)h(function)f
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(programmable)h(completion)g(facilit)m
(y)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630 1011 y(tion)d(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)
h(page)f(109\).)150 1176 y Fs(DIRSTACK)96 b Ft(An)26
b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(con)m(taining)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f
(con)m(ten)m(ts)j(of)e(the)f(directory)i(stac)m(k.)41
b(Direc-)630 1285 y(tories)33 b(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(stac)m(k)h(in)e
(the)h(order)f(they)h(are)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(b)m(y)f(the)h
Fs(dirs)e Ft(builtin.)630 1395 y(Assigning)f(to)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g
(this)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(mo)
s(dify)e(directories)630 1504 y(already)41 b(in)f(the)h(stac)m(k,)k
(but)40 b(the)h Fs(pushd)e Ft(and)h Fs(popd)f Ft(builtins)h(m)m(ust)h
(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)i(add)630 1614 y(and)37 b(remo)m(v)m(e)h
(directories.)63 b(Assignmen)m(t)37 b(to)h(this)f(v)-5
b(ariable)38 b(will)g(not)f(c)m(hange)i(the)e(cur-)630
1724 y(ren)m(t)c(directory)-8 b(.)47 b(If)32 b Fs(DIRSTACK)e
Ft(is)i(unset,)g(it)h(loses)g(its)g(sp)s(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m
(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)630 1833 y(subsequen)m(tly)d(reset.)150
1998 y Fs(EMACS)240 b Ft(If)31 b(Bash)h(\014nds)d(this)j(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)e(the)i(shell)f
(starts)h(with)f(v)-5 b(alue)630 2107 y(`)p Fs(t)p Ft(',)38
b(it)e(assumes)g(that)g(the)h(shell)f(is)g(running)e(in)i(an)g(emacs)g
(shell)h(bu\013er)e(and)g(disables)630 2217 y(line)c(editing.)150
2381 y Fs(EUID)288 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d
(id)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)150 2545 y Fs(FCEDIT)192
b Ft(The)30 b(editor)h(used)e(as)i(a)g(default)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)g(the)g Fs(fc)f Ft(builtin)g(command.)150
2710 y Fs(FIGNORE)144 b Ft(A)35 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)g
(su\016xes)e(to)i(ignore)g(when)e(p)s(erforming)g(\014lename)i(comple-)
630 2819 y(tion.)j(A)25 b(\014le)g(name)g(whose)f(su\016x)g(matc)m(hes)
i(one)f(of)g(the)g(en)m(tries)g(in)g Fs(FIGNORE)d Ft(is)j(excluded)630
2929 y(from)30 b(the)g(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hed)g(\014le)g(names.)40
b(A)31 b(sample)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(`)p Fs(.o:~)p
Ft(')150 3093 y Fs(FUNCNAME)96 b Ft(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(con)m(taining)h(the)f(names)g(of)g(all)g(shell)g
(functions)g(curren)m(tly)f(in)h(the)630 3203 y(execution)g(call)h
(stac)m(k.)57 b(The)34 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)e(index)g(0)h(is)f(the)g
(name)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(curren)m(tly-)630 3313 y(executing)i(shell)f
(function.)58 b(The)37 b(b)s(ottom-most)g(elemen)m(t)h(is)f
Fs(")p Ft(main)p Fs(")p Ft(.)58 b(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)630
3422 y(exists)33 b(only)g(when)f(a)h(shell)g(function)f(is)h
(executing.)49 b(Assignmen)m(ts)33 b(to)g Fs(FUNCNAME)e
Ft(ha)m(v)m(e)630 3532 y(no)36 b(e\013ect)h(and)e(return)f(an)i(error)f
(status.)57 b(If)36 b Fs(FUNCNAME)d Ft(is)j(unset,)h(it)f(loses)g(its)g
(sp)s(ecial)630 3641 y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g
(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150 3806 y Fs(GLOBIGNORE)630
3915 y Ft(A)38 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f(patterns)g(de\014ning)f
(the)h(set)g(of)h(\014lenames)f(to)g(b)s(e)g(ignored)630
4025 y(b)m(y)31 b(\014lename)g(expansion.)43 b(If)31
b(a)h(\014lename)f(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f(a)g(\014lename)h(expansion)f
(pattern)630 4134 y(also)i(matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)g(the)g(patterns)g(in)
f Fs(GLOBIGNORE)p Ft(,)f(it)i(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)e(the)h(list)h
(of)630 4244 y(matc)m(hes.)150 4408 y Fs(GROUPS)192 b
Ft(An)36 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(con)m(taining)g(the)f(list)h
(of)f(groups)g(of)g(whic)m(h)f(the)i(curren)m(t)e(user)h(is)g(a)630
4518 y(mem)m(b)s(er.)47 b(Assignmen)m(ts)33 b(to)g Fs(GROUPS)e
Ft(ha)m(v)m(e)j(no)f(e\013ect)h(and)e(return)g(an)g(error)g(status.)48
b(If)630 4628 y Fs(GROUPS)29 b Ft(is)h(unset,)g(it)h(loses)g(its)g(sp)s
(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f
(reset.)150 4792 y Fs(histchars)630 4902 y Ft(Up)c(to)g(three)g(c)m
(haracters)i(whic)m(h)d(con)m(trol)j(history)d(expansion,)i(quic)m(k)g
(substitution,)g(and)630 5011 y(tok)m(enization)k(\(see)f(Section)f
(9.3)h([History)f(In)m(teraction],)i(page)f(117\).)41
b(The)29 b(\014rst)e(c)m(harac-)630 5121 y(ter)j(is)f(the)g
Fq(history)g(expansion)g Ft(c)m(haracter,)j(that)e(is,)f(the)h(c)m
(haracter)h(whic)m(h)d(signi\014es)i(the)630 5230 y(start)25
b(of)f(a)h(history)f(expansion,)i(normally)e(`)p Fs(!)p
Ft('.)39 b(The)24 b(second)g(c)m(haracter)i(is)e(the)g(c)m(haracter)630
5340 y(whic)m(h)36 b(signi\014es)g(`quic)m(k)h(substitution')f(when)f
(seen)h(as)g(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(on)e(a)g(line,)p
eop end
%%Page: 61 67
TeXDict begin 61 66 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(61)630 299 y(normally)27
b(`)p Fs(^)p Ft('.)39 b(The)26 b(optional)i(third)d(c)m(haracter)j(is)e
(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(whic)m(h)e(indicates)h(that)630
408 y(the)34 b(remainder)f(of)h(the)g(line)g(is)f(a)h(commen)m(t)h
(when)e(found)f(as)i(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)f(a)630
518 y(w)m(ord,)i(usually)f(`)p Fs(#)p Ft('.)55 b(The)34
b(history)h(commen)m(t)h(c)m(haracter)h(causes)e(history)g
(substitution)630 628 y(to)27 b(b)s(e)f(skipp)s(ed)f(for)i(the)f
(remaining)h(w)m(ords)f(on)h(the)f(line.)40 b(It)27 b(do)s(es)f(not)h
(necessarily)g(cause)630 737 y(the)k(shell)f(parser)g(to)h(treat)g(the)
g(rest)g(of)f(the)h(line)f(as)h(a)g(commen)m(t.)150 897
y Fs(HISTCMD)144 b Ft(The)35 b(history)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)g(or)f(index)
g(in)h(the)g(history)f(list,)j(of)e(the)g(curren)m(t)f(command.)56
b(If)630 1007 y Fs(HISTCMD)28 b Ft(is)h(unset,)h(it)g(loses)h(its)f(sp)
s(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)g(it)g(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f
(reset.)150 1167 y Fs(HISTCONTROL)630 1277 y Ft(A)40
b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f(v)-5 b(alues)40 b(con)m(trolling)i(ho)m
(w)e(commands)g(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)f(the)630 1386
y(history)29 b(list.)41 b(If)28 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(v)-5
b(alues)29 b(includes)f(`)p Fs(ignorespace)p Ft(',)f(lines)i(whic)m(h)g
(b)s(egin)f(with)630 1496 y(a)39 b(space)g(c)m(haracter)i(are)e(not)g
(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)g(the)g(history)f(list.)66 b(A)39 b(v)-5
b(alue)39 b(of)g(`)p Fs(ignoredups)p Ft(')630 1606 y(causes)34
b(lines)h(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(h)h(the)f(previous)f(history)h(en)m(try)h
(to)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m(ed.)53 b(A)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)630
1715 y(of)32 b(`)p Fs(ignoreboth)p Ft(')d(is)j(shorthand)e(for)i(`)p
Fs(ignorespace)p Ft(')d(and)i(`)p Fs(ignoredups)p Ft('.)42
b(A)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)630 1825 y(`)p Fs(erasedups)p
Ft(')f(causes)i(all)h(previous)f(lines)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)f(curren)m
(t)g(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)630 1934 y(from)42
b(the)h(history)f(list)i(b)s(efore)e(that)h(line)g(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed.)78
b(An)m(y)43 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(not)g(in)f(the)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)630
2044 y(list)35 b(is)g(ignored.)53 b(If)34 b Fs(HISTCONTROL)e
Ft(is)i(unset,)i(or)e(do)s(es)h(not)g(include)f(a)h(v)-5
b(alid)35 b(v)-5 b(alue,)36 b(all)630 2153 y(lines)30
b(read)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(shell)g(parser)g(are)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)f(the)g
(history)g(list,)h(sub)5 b(ject)30 b(to)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)630 2263 y(of)42 b Fs(HISTIGNORE)p Ft(.)73 b(The)42
b(second)g(and)g(subsequen)m(t)f(lines)h(of)h(a)f(m)m(ulti-line)h(comp)
s(ound)630 2373 y(command)33 b(are)h(not)g(tested,)i(and)d(are)h(added)
f(to)h(the)g(history)g(regardless)g(of)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)630
2482 y(of)31 b Fs(HISTCONTROL)p Ft(.)150 2642 y Fs(HISTFILE)96
b Ft(The)27 b(name)h(of)g(the)g(\014le)g(to)h(whic)m(h)f(the)g(command)
f(history)h(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed.)41 b(The)27 b(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)630 2752 y(is)30 b(`)p Fs(~/.bash_history)p Ft('.)150
2912 y Fs(HISTFILESIZE)630 3022 y Ft(The)c(maxim)m(um)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)g(of)h(lines)h(con)m(tained)g(in)f(the)g(history)g(\014le.)39
b(When)26 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)630 3131 y(is)33 b(assigned)h(a)g(v)
-5 b(alue,)35 b(the)f(history)f(\014le)g(is)h(truncated,)g(if)g
(necessary)-8 b(,)35 b(b)m(y)e(remo)m(ving)i(the)630
3241 y(oldest)29 b(en)m(tries,)g(to)g(con)m(tain)g(no)f(more)g(than)f
(that)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(lines.)40 b(The)27 b(history)h(\014le)g
(is)630 3351 y(also)33 b(truncated)e(to)h(this)g(size)g(after)g
(writing)g(it)g(when)f(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(shell)c(exits.)45
b(The)630 3460 y(default)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)h(500.)150
3620 y Fs(HISTIGNORE)630 3730 y Ft(A)i(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g
(patterns)f(used)g(to)h(decide)g(whic)m(h)f(command)g(lines)h(should)
630 3839 y(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)g(the)f(history)h(list.)47
b(Eac)m(h)33 b(pattern)g(is)f(anc)m(hored)h(at)g(the)f(b)s(eginning)g
(of)h(the)630 3949 y(line)43 b(and)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h(the)g
(complete)h(line)e(\(no)h(implicit)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')f(is)g(app)s
(ended\).)75 b(Eac)m(h)630 4059 y(pattern)42 b(is)g(tested)g(against)h
(the)f(line)g(after)g(the)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)h
Fs(HISTCONTROL)630 4168 y Ft(are)37 b(applied.)59 b(In)36
b(addition)h(to)g(the)g(normal)g(shell)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(c)m
(haracters,)i(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')630 4278 y(matc)m(hes)d(the)f(previous)g
(history)g(line.)57 b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')36 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(escap)s(ed)
h(using)g(a)g(bac)m(kslash;)k(the)630 4387 y(bac)m(kslash)34
b(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(b)s(efore)e(attempting)i(a)g(matc)m(h.)51
b(The)34 b(second)f(and)h(subsequen)m(t)630 4497 y(lines)e(of)h(a)g(m)m
(ulti-line)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(are)h(not)f(tested,)i(and)e(are)g
(added)g(to)h(the)630 4607 y(history)d(regardless)h(of)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g Fs(HISTIGNORE)p Ft(.)630 4741 y Fs(HISTIGNORE)20
b Ft(subsumes)g(the)j(function)f(of)h Fs(HISTCONTROL)p
Ft(.)35 b(A)23 b(pattern)f(of)h(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')g(is)f(iden)m(tical)630
4851 y(to)k Fs(ignoredups)p Ft(,)e(and)h(a)h(pattern)g(of)f(`)p
Fs([)31 b(]*)p Ft(')25 b(is)h(iden)m(tical)h(to)f Fs(ignorespace)p
Ft(.)36 b(Com)m(bining)630 4961 y(these)30 b(t)m(w)m(o)h(patterns,)f
(separating)g(them)g(with)f(a)h(colon,)h(pro)m(vides)e(the)h
(functionalit)m(y)h(of)630 5070 y Fs(ignoreboth)p Ft(.)150
5230 y Fs(HISTSIZE)96 b Ft(The)42 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(commands)e(to)j(remem)m(b)s(er)d(on)h(the)h(history)f(list.)77
b(The)630 5340 y(default)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)h(500.)p
eop end
%%Page: 62 68
TeXDict begin 62 67 bop 150 -116 a Ft(62)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)630
408 y Ft(If)44 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(is)f(set)g(and)g(not)g(n)m
(ull,)k(its)d(v)-5 b(alue)44 b(is)g(used)g(as)g(a)h(format)f(string)g
(for)630 518 y Fq(strftime)c Ft(to)35 b(prin)m(t)f(the)h(time)g(stamp)f
(asso)s(ciated)i(with)f(eac)m(h)g(history)g(en)m(try)f(displa)m(y)m(ed)
630 628 y(b)m(y)g(the)f Fs(history)f Ft(builtin.)50 b(If)33
b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)g(set,)h(time)f(stamps)g(are)g(written)
f(to)i(the)630 737 y(history)30 b(\014le)h(so)f(they)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f
(preserv)m(ed)g(across)h(shell)f(sessions.)150 902 y
Fs(HOSTFILE)96 b Ft(Con)m(tains)39 b(the)f(name)g(of)h(a)g(\014le)f(in)
g(the)g(same)h(format)g(as)f(`)p Fs(/etc/hosts)p Ft(')e(that)j(should)
630 1011 y(b)s(e)i(read)h(when)f(the)i(shell)f(needs)f(to)i(complete)h
(a)e(hostname.)76 b(The)42 b(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)630
1121 y(hostname)26 b(completions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)d(c)m(hanged)j(while)
e(the)h(shell)g(is)f(running;)h(the)g(next)f(time)630
1230 y(hostname)37 b(completion)i(is)e(attempted)h(after)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)37 b(is)h(c)m(hanged,)h(Bash)e(adds)g(the)630
1340 y(con)m(ten)m(ts)27 b(of)f(the)g(new)f(\014le)h(to)h(the)f
(existing)g(list.)40 b(If)25 b Fs(HOSTFILE)f Ft(is)i(set,)h(but)e(has)h
(no)f(v)-5 b(alue,)630 1450 y(Bash)41 b(attempts)g(to)g(read)f(`)p
Fs(/etc/hosts)p Ft(')f(to)i(obtain)g(the)f(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f
(hostname)630 1559 y(completions.)i(When)30 b Fs(HOSTFILE)e
Ft(is)j(unset,)f(the)g(hostname)h(list)g(is)f(cleared.)150
1724 y Fs(HOSTNAME)96 b Ft(The)30 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)h
(host.)150 1888 y Fs(HOSTTYPE)96 b Ft(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)
g(mac)m(hine)h(Bash)g(is)f(running)f(on.)150 2052 y Fs(IGNOREEOF)630
2162 y Ft(Con)m(trols)e(the)h(action)g(of)f(the)g(shell)g(on)g(receipt)
h(of)f(an)g Fs(EOF)f Ft(c)m(haracter)i(as)g(the)f(sole)h(input.)630
2271 y(If)i(set,)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(denotes)f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)h(consecutiv)m(e)i Fs(EOF)d Ft(c)m(haracters)i(that)f(can)h(b)
s(e)630 2381 y(read)40 b(as)f(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(on)f(an)f
(input)g(line)h(b)s(efore)f(the)h(shell)g(will)g(exit.)70
b(If)39 b(the)630 2491 y(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(exists)f(but)f(do)s(es)g
(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)g(n)m(umeric)e(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(\(or)h(has)e(no)h
(v)-5 b(alue\))37 b(then)g(the)630 2600 y(default)31
b(is)g(10.)43 b(If)30 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(do)s(es)g(not)g
(exist,)h(then)e Fs(EOF)g Ft(signi\014es)h(the)g(end)f(of)h(input)630
2710 y(to)g(the)g(shell.)41 b(This)29 b(is)i(only)f(in)g(e\013ect)i
(for)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)150 2874 y Fs(INPUTRC)144
b Ft(The)68 b(name)h(of)f(the)h(Readline)g(initialization)j(\014le,)78
b(o)m(v)m(erriding)69 b(the)g(default)g(of)630 2984 y(`)p
Fs(~/.inputrc)p Ft('.)150 3148 y Fs(LANG)288 b Ft(Used)28
b(to)h(determine)f(the)g(lo)s(cale)h(category)h(for)e(an)m(y)h
(category)h(not)e(sp)s(eci\014cally)g(selected)630 3258
y(with)i(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(starting)g(with)f Fs(LC_)p
Ft(.)150 3422 y Fs(LC_ALL)192 b Ft(This)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)29
b(o)m(v)m(errides)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)g Fs(LANG)f
Ft(and)g(an)m(y)h(other)g Fs(LC_)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)29
b(sp)s(ecifying)630 3532 y(a)i(lo)s(cale)h(category)-8
b(.)150 3696 y Fs(LC_COLLATE)630 3806 y Ft(This)37 b(v)-5
b(ariable)38 b(determines)g(the)g(collation)i(order)d(used)g(when)f
(sorting)i(the)g(results)g(of)630 3915 y(\014lename)e(expansion,)i(and)
e(determines)g(the)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)g(range)h(expressions,)h
(equiv-)630 4025 y(alence)e(classes,)h(and)e(collating)i(sequences)e
(within)f(\014lename)h(expansion)g(and)f(pattern)630
4134 y(matc)m(hing)d(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)
e(page)h(23\).)150 4299 y Fs(LC_CTYPE)96 b Ft(This)36
b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(determines)f(the)h(in)m(terpretation)h(of)f(c)m
(haracters)h(and)e(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(of)630 4408
y(c)m(haracter)46 b(classes)g(within)e(\014lename)h(expansion)g(and)f
(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630 4518 y(tion)31
b(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)h(23\).)150
4682 y Fs(LC_MESSAGES)630 4792 y Ft(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)27
b(determines)f(the)g(lo)s(cale)i(used)d(to)i(translate)g(double-quoted)
f(strings)g(pre-)630 4902 y(ceded)31 b(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(')f(\(see)h(Section)h(3.1.2.5)g([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)150 5066 y Fs(LC_NUMERIC)630
5176 y Ft(This)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(determines)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h
(category)g(used)e(for)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(formatting.)150
5340 y Fs(LINENO)192 b Ft(The)30 b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)h(the)g
(script)h(or)f(shell)g(function)h(curren)m(tly)f(executing.)p
eop end
%%Page: 63 69
TeXDict begin 63 68 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(63)150 299 y Fs(LINES)240
b Ft(Used)25 b(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs(select)e Ft(builtin)i(command)g(to)h
(determine)f(the)g(column)g(length)g(for)g(prin)m(t-)630
408 y(ing)31 b(selection)h(lists.)41 b(Automatically)33
b(set)e(up)s(on)e(receipt)i(of)f(a)h Fs(SIGWINCH)p Ft(.)150
569 y Fs(MACHTYPE)96 b Ft(A)26 b(string)g(that)h(fully)f(describ)s(es)f
(the)h(system)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h(on)f(whic)m(h)f(Bash)i(is)f(executing,)i
(in)e(the)630 679 y(standard)k Fl(gnu)g Fq(cpu-compan)m(y-system)h
Ft(format.)150 840 y Fs(MAILCHECK)630 949 y Ft(Ho)m(w)d(often)g(\(in)g
(seconds\))g(that)g(the)f(shell)h(should)f(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)e(mail)h
(in)f(the)h(\014les)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630 1059 y(in)i(the)h
Fs(MAILPATH)e Ft(or)i Fs(MAIL)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariables.)43
b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(60)i(seconds.)42 b(When)30
b(it)h(is)g(time)630 1168 y(to)37 b(c)m(hec)m(k)h(for)e(mail,)j(the)e
(shell)f(do)s(es)g(so)h(b)s(efore)f(displa)m(ying)h(the)f(primary)g
(prompt.)57 b(If)630 1278 y(this)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38
b(is)f(unset,)h(or)f(set)h(to)g(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(that)f(is)g(not)h
(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(greater)i(than)f(or)630 1387 y(equal)31
b(to)g(zero,)g(the)g(shell)g(disables)f(mail)h(c)m(hec)m(king.)150
1548 y Fs(OLDPWD)192 b Ft(The)30 b(previous)g(w)m(orking)g(directory)h
(as)g(set)g(b)m(y)f(the)h Fs(cd)e Ft(builtin.)150 1709
y Fs(OPTERR)192 b Ft(If)35 b(set)i(to)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(1,)i(Bash)e(displa)m(ys)g(error)f(messages)i(generated)g(b)m(y)f(the)
g Fs(getopts)630 1819 y Ft(builtin)30 b(command.)150
1979 y Fs(OSTYPE)192 b Ft(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)g(op)s
(erating)h(system)g(Bash)f(is)h(running)d(on.)150 2140
y Fs(PIPESTATUS)630 2250 y Ft(An)23 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)24 b(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)h([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)f(76\))h
(con)m(taining)g(a)f(list)g(of)g(exit)g(sta-)630 2359
y(tus)h(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(from)e(the)h(pro)s(cesses)g(in)f(the)h
(most-recen)m(tly-executed)j(foreground)c(pip)s(eline)630
2469 y(\(whic)m(h)30 b(ma)m(y)h(con)m(tain)h(only)f(a)f(single)h
(command\).)150 2629 y Fs(POSIXLY_CORRECT)630 2739 y
Ft(If)h(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)f(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h
(when)d Fs(bash)h Ft(starts,)i(the)f(shell)g(en)m(ters)h
Fl(posix)630 2849 y Ft(mo)s(de)22 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)h([Bash)e
(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)k(page)e(80\))g(b)s(efore)f(reading)g(the)g(startup)
630 2958 y(\014les,)32 b(as)f(if)h(the)f(`)p Fs(--posix)p
Ft(')f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(option)f(had)f(b)s(een)g(supplied.)42
b(If)31 b(it)h(is)f(set)h(while)630 3068 y(the)f(shell)f(is)h(running,)
d Fs(bash)i Ft(enables)g Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)g(as)h(if)f(the)h
(command)870 3203 y Fs(set)47 b(-o)g(posix)630 3338 y
Ft(had)30 b(b)s(een)f(executed.)150 3499 y Fs(PPID)288
b Ft(The)30 b(pro)s(cess)g Fl(id)g Ft(of)h(the)f(shell's)h(paren)m(t)g
(pro)s(cess.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8
b(.)150 3660 y Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)630 3769 y Ft(If)32
b(set,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(a)h(command)
f(to)h(execute)g(b)s(efore)f(the)g(prin)m(ting)g(of)630
3879 y(eac)m(h)g(primary)d(prompt)g(\()p Fs($PS1)p Ft(\).)150
4040 y Fs(PS3)336 b Ft(The)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)35 b(is)g(used)e(as)i(the)f(prompt)g(for)g(the)g
Fs(select)f Ft(command.)52 b(If)630 4149 y(this)30 b(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(the)e Fs(select)f Ft(command)h
(prompts)f(with)h(`)p Fs(#?)g Ft(')150 4310 y Fs(PS4)336
b Ft(The)33 b(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(is)g(the)g(prompt)f(prin)m(ted)g(b)s
(efore)g(the)h(command)f(line)h(is)g(ec)m(ho)s(ed)g(when)f(the)630
4419 y(`)p Fs(-x)p Ft(')23 b(option)h(is)g(set)g(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3)
f([The)f(Set)h(Builtin],)i(page)e(53\).)40 b(The)23 b(\014rst)f(c)m
(haracter)630 4529 y(of)34 b Fs(PS4)g Ft(is)g(replicated)i(m)m(ultiple)
f(times,)h(as)e(necessary)-8 b(,)37 b(to)e(indicate)g(m)m(ultiple)g
(lev)m(els)h(of)630 4639 y(indirection.)41 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(`)
p Fs(+)g Ft('.)150 4799 y Fs(PWD)336 b Ft(The)30 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m
(orking)h(directory)g(as)f(set)h(b)m(y)f(the)h Fs(cd)f
Ft(builtin.)150 4960 y Fs(RANDOM)192 b Ft(Eac)m(h)30
b(time)g(this)f(parameter)g(is)g(referenced,)h(a)f(random)g(in)m(teger)
h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(0)f(and)g(32767)630 5070 y(is)i(generated.)43
b(Assigning)31 b(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(seeds)g(the)g(random)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(gen-)630
5179 y(erator.)150 5340 y Fs(REPLY)240 b Ft(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(for)e(the)g Fs(read)g Ft(builtin.)p eop
end
%%Page: 64 70
TeXDict begin 64 69 bop 150 -116 a Ft(64)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(SECONDS)144 b Ft(This)40
b(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(expands)f(to)h(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(seconds)g(since)g(the)f(shell)h(w)m(as)g(started.)630
408 y(Assignmen)m(t)i(to)g(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b(resets)g(the)g
(coun)m(t)g(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(assigned,)j(and)c(the)630
518 y(expanded)35 b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(b)s(ecomes)h(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(assigned)g(plus)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g
(since)630 628 y(the)31 b(assignmen)m(t.)150 779 y Fs(SHELL)240
b Ft(The)29 b(full)h(pathname)g(to)h(the)f(shell)g(is)g(k)m(ept)g(in)g
(this)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)42 b(If)29
b(it)i(is)f(not)630 889 y(set)36 b(when)f(the)h(shell)g(starts,)i(Bash)
e(assigns)h(to)f(it)h(the)f(full)f(pathname)h(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)630
999 y(user's)30 b(login)h(shell.)150 1150 y Fs(SHELLOPTS)630
1260 y Ft(A)g(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g(enabled)f(shell)h(options.)
41 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(w)m(ord)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)630 1369 y(argumen)m(t)29 b(for)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)p
Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(command)g(\(see)g
(Section)h(4.3)g([The)630 1479 y(Set)f(Builtin],)h(page)f(53\).)42
b(The)28 b(options)h(app)s(earing)f(in)g Fs(SHELLOPTS)e
Ft(are)j(those)h(rep)s(orted)630 1589 y(as)g(`)p Fs(on)p
Ft(')f(b)m(y)h(`)p Fs(set)g(-o)p Ft('.)40 b(If)29 b(this)h(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(is)g(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)f(Bash)h
(starts)g(up,)630 1698 y(eac)m(h)41 b(shell)e(option)h(in)f(the)h(list)
g(will)f(b)s(e)g(enabled)h(b)s(efore)f(reading)g(an)m(y)h(startup)f
(\014les.)630 1808 y(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8
b(.)150 1960 y Fs(SHLVL)240 b Ft(Incremen)m(ted)21 b(b)m(y)g(one)g(eac)
m(h)h(time)f(a)h(new)e(instance)h(of)g(Bash)g(is)g(started.)38
b(This)20 b(is)h(in)m(tended)630 2069 y(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(a)h(coun)m(t)g
(of)f(ho)m(w)h(deeply)f(y)m(our)g(Bash)h(shells)f(are)h(nested.)150
2221 y Fs(TIMEFORMAT)630 2330 y Ft(The)f(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(of)f(this)g(parameter)g(is)g(used)f(as)h(a)g(format)h(string)f(sp)s
(ecifying)f(ho)m(w)h(the)g(tim-)630 2440 y(ing)37 b(information)f(for)h
(pip)s(elines)f(pre\014xed)f(with)h(the)h Fs(time)e Ft(reserv)m(ed)i(w)
m(ord)f(should)g(b)s(e)630 2550 y(displa)m(y)m(ed.)k(The)27
b(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')h(c)m(haracter)h(in)m(tro)s(duces)e(an)h(escap)s
(e)g(sequence)g(that)g(is)f(expanded)g(to)630 2659 y(a)37
b(time)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(or)h(other)f(information.)59
b(The)36 b(escap)s(e)g(sequences)h(and)e(their)i(meanings)630
2769 y(are)31 b(as)f(follo)m(ws;)i(the)f(braces)f(denote)h(optional)h
(p)s(ortions.)630 2921 y Fs(\045\045)384 b Ft(A)30 b(literal)i(`)p
Fs(\045)p Ft('.)630 3072 y Fs(\045[)p Fj(p)11 b Fs(][l]R)85
b Ft(The)30 b(elapsed)h(time)g(in)f(seconds.)630 3224
y Fs(\045[)p Fj(p)11 b Fs(][l]U)85 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h
(CPU)g(seconds)h(sp)s(en)m(t)f(in)g(user)f(mo)s(de.)630
3376 y Fs(\045[)p Fj(p)11 b Fs(][l]S)85 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)h(CPU)g(seconds)h(sp)s(en)m(t)f(in)g(system)g(mo)s(de.)630
3528 y Fs(\045P)384 b Ft(The)30 b(CPU)g(p)s(ercen)m(tage,)i(computed)e
(as)h(\(\045U)f Fs(+)g Ft(\045S\))g(/)h(\045R.)630 3679
y(The)23 b(optional)j Fq(p)g Ft(is)e(a)g(digit)h(sp)s(ecifying)e(the)h
(precision,)i(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(fractional)h(digits)630
3789 y(after)36 b(a)f(decimal)i(p)s(oin)m(t.)55 b(A)35
b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)f(0)h(causes)g(no)f(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(or)h
(fraction)g(to)g(b)s(e)630 3898 y(output.)48 b(A)m(t)34
b(most)f(three)g(places)h(after)f(the)g(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(ma)m(y)
h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed;)i(v)-5 b(alues)630 4008 y(of)31
b Fq(p)h Ft(greater)g(than)e(3)h(are)f(c)m(hanged)h(to)g(3.)42
b(If)29 b Fq(p)k Ft(is)d(not)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)30 b(3)h(is)g(used.)630 4139 y(The)54 b(optional)h
Fs(l)f Ft(sp)s(eci\014es)g(a)h(longer)f(format,)61 b(including)54
b(min)m(utes,)61 b(of)54 b(the)g(form)630 4248 y Fq(MM)10
b Ft(m)p Fq(SS)p Ft(.)p Fq(FF)d Ft(s.)103 b(The)50 b(v)-5
b(alue)52 b(of)f Fq(p)j Ft(determines)d(whether)f(or)h(not)h(the)f
(fraction)h(is)630 4358 y(included.)630 4489 y(If)30
b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(Bash)e(acts)h(as)g(if)f
(it)h(had)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)870 4619 y Fs
($'\\nreal\\t\0453lR\\nuser\\t\0453)o(lU\\n)o(sys\\)o(t\0453)o(lS')630
4750 y Ft(If)37 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(is)f(n)m(ull,)i(no)f(timing)f
(information)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)62 b(A)37 b(trailing)i(newline)e
(is)630 4859 y(added)30 b(when)f(the)i(format)f(string)h(is)f(displa)m
(y)m(ed.)150 5011 y Fs(TMOUT)240 b Ft(If)22 b(set)h(to)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alue)23 b(greater)h(than)e(zero,)j Fs(TMOUT)d Ft(is)g(treated)i(as)e
(the)h(default)g(timeout)g(for)g(the)630 5121 y Fs(read)31
b Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)f(4.2)i([Bash)e(Builtins],)h(page)g
(41\).)47 b(The)32 b Fs(select)e Ft(command)630 5230
y(\(see)f(Section)h(3.2.4.2)g([Conditional)g(Constructs],)e(page)i
(10\))f(terminates)g(if)g(input)e(do)s(es)630 5340 y(not)k(arriv)m(e)g
(after)g Fs(TMOUT)e Ft(seconds)h(when)f(input)h(is)g(coming)h(from)f(a)
h(terminal.)p eop end
%%Page: 65 71
TeXDict begin 65 70 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(65)630 299 y(In)28
b(an)h(in)m(terativ)m(e)i(shell,)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)30
b(is)e(in)m(terpreted)h(as)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)f(to)
i(w)m(ait)630 408 y(for)i(input)f(after)i(issuing)f(the)g(primary)g
(prompt)f(when)g(the)i(shell)f(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)49
b(Bash)630 518 y(terminates)31 b(after)g(that)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(seconds)f(if)g(input)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(arriv)m(e.)150
677 y Fs(TMPDIR)192 b Ft(If)39 b(set,)j(Bash)e(uses)f(its)h(v)-5
b(alue)40 b(as)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(a)g(directory)g(in)f(whic)m(h)g
(Bash)h(creates)630 787 y(temp)s(orary)30 b(\014les)g(for)g(the)h
(shell's)g(use.)150 946 y Fs(UID)336 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(real)h
(user)f(id)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 66 72
TeXDict begin 66 71 bop 150 -116 a Ft(66)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 67 73
TeXDict begin 67 72 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(67)150 299 y Fo(6)80
b(Bash)54 b(F)-13 b(eatures)275 537 y Ft(This)29 b(section)j(describ)s
(es)d(features)i(unique)e(to)j(Bash.)150 798 y Fr(6.1)68
b(In)l(v)l(oking)46 b(Bash)390 1017 y Fs(bash)h([long-opt])e([-ir])h
([-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP])c([-o)47 b Fj(option)11 b Fs(])45
b([-O)i Fj(shopt_option)11 b Fs(])44 b([)p Fj(ar-)390
1127 y(gument)57 b Fs(...)o(])390 1236 y(bash)47 b([long-opt])e
([-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP])c([-o)47 b Fj(option)11 b Fs(])46
b([-O)g Fj(shopt_option)11 b Fs(])44 b(-c)j Fj(string)57
b Fs([)p Fj(ar-)390 1346 y(gument)g Fs(...)o(])390 1455
y(bash)47 b([long-opt])e(-s)i([-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP])42
b([-o)k Fj(option)11 b Fs(])46 b([-O)h Fj(shopt_option)11
b Fs(])43 b([)p Fj(ar-)390 1565 y(gument)57 b Fs(...)o(])275
1701 y Ft(In)28 b(addition)i(to)g(the)f(single-c)m(haracter)j(shell)e
(command-line)g(options)g(\(see)g(Section)g(4.3)h([The)e(Set)150
1810 y(Builtin],)e(page)e(53\),)i(there)e(are)g(sev)m(eral)h(m)m
(ulti-c)m(haracter)h(options)e(that)g(y)m(ou)g(can)g(use.)38
b(These)25 b(options)150 1920 y(m)m(ust)30 b(app)s(ear)g(on)g(the)h
(command)f(line)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g(single-c)m(haracter)j(options)e(to)
g(b)s(e)f(recognized.)150 2081 y Fs(--debugger)630 2191
y Ft(Arrange)j(for)g(the)g(debugger)g(pro\014le)g(to)h(b)s(e)e
(executed)i(b)s(efore)f(the)g(shell)g(starts.)49 b(T)-8
b(urns)630 2301 y(on)40 b(extended)g(debugging)g(mo)s(de)g(\(see)h
(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)g(Builtins],)i(page)e(41)g(for)f(a)630
2410 y(description)i(of)g(the)f Fs(extdebug)f Ft(option)i(to)g(the)g
Fs(shopt)f Ft(builtin\))g(and)g(shell)h(function)630
2520 y(tracing)36 b(\(see)g(Section)g(4.3)h([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)j
(page)e(53)g(for)f(a)g(description)h(of)f(the)h Fs(-o)630
2629 y(functrace)28 b Ft(option\).)150 2790 y Fs(--dump-po-strings)630
2900 y Ft(A)37 b(list)g(of)f(all)i(double-quoted)e(strings)g(preceded)g
(b)m(y)h(`)p Fs($)p Ft(')f(is)h(prin)m(ted)f(on)g(the)h(standard)630
3009 y(output)24 b(in)h(the)g Fl(gnu)f Fs(gettext)f Ft(PO)i(\(p)s
(ortable)g(ob)5 b(ject\))26 b(\014le)f(format.)39 b(Equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)26 b(to)f(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(')630 3119 y(except)31
b(for)f(the)h(output)f(format.)150 3280 y Fs(--dump-strings)630
3389 y Ft(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft('.)150
3550 y Fs(--help)192 b Ft(Displa)m(y)32 b(a)e(usage)h(message)h(on)e
(standard)g(output)g(and)f(exit)j(sucessfully)-8 b(.)150
3711 y Fs(--init-file)27 b Fj(filename)150 3820 y Fs(--rcfile)h
Fj(filename)630 3930 y Ft(Execute)42 b(commands)f(from)f
Fq(\014lename)47 b Ft(\(instead)42 b(of)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p
Ft('\))e(in)i(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)630 4039 y(shell.)150
4200 y Fs(--login)144 b Ft(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(`)p
Fs(-l)p Ft('.)150 4361 y Fs(--noediting)630 4471 y Ft(Do)h(not)e(use)h
(the)g Fl(gnu)f Ft(Readline)i(library)e(\(see)h(Chapter)g(8)g([Command)
f(Line)g(Editing],)630 4580 y(page)h(89\))h(to)f(read)f(command)g
(lines)h(when)e(the)i(shell)f(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)150
4741 y Fs(--noprofile)630 4850 y Ft(Don't)h(load)f(the)g(system-wide)g
(startup)f(\014le)g(`)p Fs(/etc/profile)p Ft(')e(or)j(an)m(y)g(of)g
(the)f(p)s(ersonal)630 4960 y(initialization)g(\014les)d(`)p
Fs(~/.bash_profile)p Ft(',)e(`)p Fs(~/.bash_login)p Ft(',)g(or)i(`)p
Fs(~/.profile)p Ft(')e(when)630 5070 y(Bash)31 b(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)
i(as)e(a)h(login)g(shell.)150 5230 y Fs(--norc)192 b
Ft(Don't)31 b(read)g(the)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft(')f(initialization)k
(\014le)d(in)g(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell.)41 b(This)30
b(is)g(on)630 5340 y(b)m(y)g(default)h(if)f(the)h(shell)f(is)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)h(as)e Fs(sh)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 68 74
TeXDict begin 68 73 bop 150 -116 a Ft(68)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(--posix)144 b Ft(Change)24
b(the)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(of)g(Bash)h(where)e(the)i(default)f(op)s
(eration)h(di\013ers)f(from)f(the)i Fl(posix)630 408
y Ft(standard)35 b(to)h(matc)m(h)g(the)g(standard.)55
b(This)35 b(is)h(in)m(tended)f(to)h(mak)m(e)h(Bash)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g
(as)g(a)630 518 y(strict)26 b(sup)s(erset)e(of)h(that)g(standard.)38
b(See)26 b(Section)f(6.11)i([Bash)e(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)j(page)f(80,)630
628 y(for)k(a)h(description)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h Fl(posix)f
Ft(mo)s(de.)150 787 y Fs(--restricted)630 897 y Ft(Mak)m(e)54
b(the)e(shell)g(a)h(restricted)g(shell)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.10)h([The)
d(Restricted)j(Shell],)630 1006 y(page)31 b(80\).)150
1166 y Fs(--verbose)630 1275 y Ft(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31
b(to)g(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft('.)41 b(Prin)m(t)30 b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)
g(they're)f(read.)150 1435 y Fs(--version)630 1544 y
Ft(Sho)m(w)e(v)m(ersion)g(information)g(for)g(this)g(instance)h(of)f
(Bash)g(on)g(the)g(standard)f(output)h(and)630 1654 y(exit)j
(successfully)-8 b(.)275 1813 y(There)28 b(are)i(sev)m(eral)g(single-c)
m(haracter)i(options)d(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(supplied)g(at)i(in)m(v)m
(o)s(cation)h(whic)m(h)e(are)150 1923 y(not)i(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)32 b(with)e(the)h Fs(set)e Ft(builtin.)150
2082 y Fs(-c)h Fj(string)630 2192 y Ft(Read)23 b(and)f(execute)i
(commands)f(from)f Fq(string)31 b Ft(after)23 b(pro)s(cessing)f(the)h
(options,)i(then)e(exit.)630 2301 y(An)m(y)37 b(remaining)f(argumen)m
(ts)h(are)g(assigned)g(to)g(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters,)i
(starting)630 2411 y(with)30 b Fs($0)p Ft(.)150 2570
y Fs(-i)384 b Ft(F)-8 b(orce)22 b(the)g(shell)f(to)g(run)f(in)m
(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)41 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)23 b(shells)e(are)h
(describ)s(ed)d(in)i(Section)h(6.3)630 2680 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)33
b(Shells],)e(page)g(71.)150 2839 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(Mak)m(e)33
b(this)e(shell)h(act)g(as)g(if)f(it)h(had)f(b)s(een)f(directly)i(in)m
(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(login.)44 b(When)31 b(the)h(shell)630
2949 y(is)37 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)43 b(this)37 b(is)g(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)f(starting)h(a)e(login)i(shell)e(with)g(`)p
Fs(exec)30 b(-l)g(bash)p Ft('.)630 3059 y(When)h(the)g(shell)h(is)f
(not)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)k(the)c(login)h(shell)g(startup)f(\014les)g
(will)g(b)s(e)g(executed.)630 3168 y(`)p Fs(exec)e(bash)h(-l)p
Ft(')43 b(or)h(`)p Fs(exec)29 b(bash)g(--login)p Ft(')42
b(will)i(replace)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)h(with)g(a)630
3278 y(Bash)26 b(login)g(shell.)39 b(See)26 b(Section)g(6.2)h([Bash)e
(Startup)g(Files],)j(page)e(69,)i(for)d(a)h(description)630
3387 y(of)31 b(the)f(sp)s(ecial)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)f(a)h(login)g
(shell.)150 3547 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Mak)m(e)54 b(the)e(shell)g(a)h
(restricted)g(shell)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j
(Shell],)630 3656 y(page)31 b(80\).)150 3816 y Fs(-s)384
b Ft(If)24 b(this)h(option)h(is)f(presen)m(t,)h(or)f(if)g(no)f(argumen)
m(ts)i(remain)e(after)i(option)f(pro)s(cessing,)h(then)630
3925 y(commands)i(are)h(read)g(from)f(the)h(standard)f(input.)39
b(This)28 b(option)h(allo)m(ws)h(the)f(p)s(ositional)630
4035 y(parameters)i(to)g(b)s(e)f(set)g(when)g(in)m(v)m(oking)h(an)g(in)
m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell.)150 4194 y Fs(-D)384 b Ft(A)37
b(list)g(of)f(all)i(double-quoted)e(strings)g(preceded)g(b)m(y)h(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(')f(is)h(prin)m(ted)f(on)g(the)h(standard)630
4304 y(output.)63 b(These)38 b(are)g(the)g(strings)g(that)h(are)f(sub)5
b(ject)38 b(to)h(language)g(translation)g(when)630 4413
y(the)e(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale)h(is)f(not)g Fs(C)g Ft(or)f
Fs(POSIX)g Ft(\(see)h(Section)h(3.1.2.5)h([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
b(ranslation],)630 4523 y(page)31 b(7\).)42 b(This)29
b(implies)i(the)f(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')h(option;)g(no)f(commands)g(will)h
(b)s(e)e(executed.)150 4682 y Fs([-+]O)g([)p Fj(shopt_option)11
b Fs(])630 4792 y Fq(shopt)p 854 4792 28 4 v 40 w(option)44
b Ft(is)g(one)h(of)f(the)g(shell)h(options)f(accepted)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
Fs(shopt)d Ft(builtin)i(\(see)630 4902 y(Chapter)29 b(4)i([Shell)f
(Builtin)g(Commands],)g(page)g(35\).)42 b(If)30 b Fq(shopt)p
2856 4902 V 39 w(option)h Ft(is)f(presen)m(t,)g(`)p Fs(-O)p
Ft(')630 5011 y(sets)39 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(of)f(that)h(option;)k
(`)p Fs(+O)p Ft(')38 b(unsets)g(it.)65 b(If)38 b Fq(shopt)p
2803 5011 V 39 w(option)h Ft(is)f(not)h(supplied,)630
5121 y(the)28 b(names)f(and)h(v)-5 b(alues)28 b(of)f(the)h(shell)g
(options)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)f Fs(shopt)e Ft(are)i(prin)m(ted)f(on)h
(the)630 5230 y(standard)33 b(output.)50 b(If)33 b(the)h(in)m(v)m(o)s
(cation)i(option)e(is)g(`)p Fs(+O)p Ft(',)g(the)g(output)f(is)h(displa)
m(y)m(ed)g(in)g(a)630 5340 y(format)d(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h
(as)h(input.)p eop end
%%Page: 69 75
TeXDict begin 69 74 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(69)150 299 y Fs(--)384
b Ft(A)38 b Fs(--)g Ft(signals)g(the)h(end)e(of)i(options)f(and)g
(disables)g(further)f(option)h(pro)s(cessing.)64 b(An)m(y)630
408 y(argumen)m(ts)31 b(after)g(the)f Fs(--)g Ft(are)h(treated)g(as)g
(\014lenames)f(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)275 575 y(A)d Fm(lo)-5
b(gin)35 b Ft(shell)27 b(is)g(one)h(whose)f(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j
(of)e(argumen)m(t)h(zero)f(is)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)g(or)f(one)g(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)i(with)e(the)150 685 y(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')i(option.)275
825 y(An)24 b Fm(inter)-5 b(active)33 b Ft(shell)25 b(is)g(one)g
(started)g(without)g(non-option)h(argumen)m(ts,)g(unless)f(`)p
Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(is)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)150 934 y(without)43
b(sp)s(ecifying)f(the)i(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')e(option,)47
b(and)42 b(whose)h(input)f(and)g(output)g(are)h(b)s(oth)g(connected)g
(to)150 1044 y(terminals)22 b(\(as)h(determined)f(b)m(y)g
Fs(isatty\(3\))p Ft(\),)f(or)i(one)f(started)g(with)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(-i)p Ft(')g(option.)39 b(See)22 b(Section)h(6.3)150
1153 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(Shells],)e(page)g(71,)g(for)f(more)h
(information.)275 1293 y(If)38 b(argumen)m(ts)h(remain)g(after)g
(option)h(pro)s(cessing,)h(and)d(neither)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(nor)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')f(option)150
1403 y(has)33 b(b)s(een)g(supplied,)h(the)g(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)j(is)
e(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h(name)g(of)g(a)g(\014le)g(con)m(taining)h
(shell)150 1512 y(commands)30 b(\(see)g(Section)h(3.8)g([Shell)f
(Scripts],)g(page)h(32\).)41 b(When)30 b(Bash)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(in)d(this)h(fashion,)150 1622 y Fs($0)37 b Ft(is)g(set)h(to)h(the)e
(name)h(of)f(the)h(\014le,)i(and)c(the)i(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g
(are)g(set)g(to)g(the)g(remaining)150 1731 y(argumen)m(ts.)h(Bash)26
b(reads)f(and)g(executes)h(commands)f(from)g(this)g(\014le,)i(then)e
(exits.)40 b(Bash's)25 b(exit)i(status)150 1841 y(is)f(the)h(exit)h
(status)e(of)h(the)g(last)g(command)f(executed)h(in)g(the)f(script.)40
b(If)26 b(no)g(commands)g(are)h(executed,)150 1951 y(the)k(exit)g
(status)g(is)f(0.)150 2221 y Fr(6.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(Startup)g(Files)275
2470 y Ft(This)36 b(section)j(describs)e(ho)m(w)g(Bash)h(executes)h
(its)f(startup)f(\014les.)62 b(If)37 b(an)m(y)h(of)g(the)g(\014les)f
(exist)i(but)150 2579 y(cannot)26 b(b)s(e)e(read,)i(Bash)f(rep)s(orts)g
(an)g(error.)38 b(Tildes)25 b(are)h(expanded)e(in)g(\014le)i(names)f
(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)150 2689 y(under)29
b(Tilde)h(Expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.2)i([Tilde)d(Expansion],)g
(page)i(18\).)275 2828 y(In)m(teractiv)m(e)g(shells)f(are)g(describ)s
(ed)e(in)h(Section)h(6.3)h([In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(Shells],)d(page)h(71.)
150 3063 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(as)h(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f
(login)j(shell,)g(or)g(with)e(`)p Fi(--login)p Fk(')275
3312 y Ft(When)e(Bash)g(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)e(an)g(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)k(login)d(shell,)i(or)d(as)h(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i
(shell)d(with)150 3422 y(the)d(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')d(option,)37
b(it)d(\014rst)g(reads)g(and)g(executes)i(commands)e(from)f(the)i
(\014le)g(`)p Fs(/etc/profile)p Ft(',)150 3531 y(if)28
b(that)h(\014le)f(exists.)41 b(After)28 b(reading)h(that)f(\014le,)h
(it)g(lo)s(oks)g(for)f(`)p Fs(~/.bash_profile)p Ft(',)d(`)p
Fs(~/.bash_login)p Ft(',)150 3641 y(and)j(`)p Fs(~/.profile)p
Ft(',)f(in)i(that)g(order,)g(and)f(reads)g(and)h(executes)h(commands)e
(from)g(the)h(\014rst)f(one)h(that)150 3750 y(exists)i(and)e(is)h
(readable.)41 b(The)30 b(`)p Fs(--noprofile)p Ft(')d(option)k(ma)m(y)f
(b)s(e)g(used)f(when)g(the)h(shell)h(is)f(started)g(to)150
3860 y(inhibit)g(this)g(b)s(eha)m(vior.)275 3999 y(When)72
b(a)i(login)g(shell)f(exits,)85 b(Bash)73 b(reads)g(and)g(executes)h
(commands)f(from)g(the)g(\014le)150 4109 y(`)p Fs(~/.bash_logout)p
Ft(',)27 b(if)k(it)f(exists.)150 4343 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40
b(as)h(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f(non-login)k(shell)275
4592 y Ft(When)35 b(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(that)f(is)h(not)f
(a)h(login)g(shell)g(is)f(started,)i(Bash)f(reads)f(and)g(executes)150
4702 y(commands)24 b(from)f(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft(',)h(if)g(that)g
(\014le)g(exists.)40 b(This)23 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(inhibited)g(b)m(y)h
(using)g(the)g(`)p Fs(--norc)p Ft(')150 4812 y(option.)52
b(The)33 b(`)p Fs(--rcfile)28 b Fj(file)11 b Ft(')33
b(option)h(will)g(force)h(Bash)f(to)h(read)e(and)h(execute)h(commands)e
(from)150 4921 y Fq(\014le)j Ft(instead)30 b(of)h(`)p
Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft('.)275 5061 y(So,)f(t)m(ypically)-8
b(,)33 b(y)m(our)d(`)p Fs(~/.bash_profile)p Ft(')d(con)m(tains)32
b(the)e(line)390 5200 y Fs(if)47 b([)h(-f)f(~/.bashrc)e(];)i(then)g(.)g
(~/.bashrc;)e(fi)150 5340 y Ft(after)31 b(\(or)g(b)s(efore\))f(an)m(y)h
(login-sp)s(eci\014c)g(initializations.)p eop end
%%Page: 70 76
TeXDict begin 70 75 bop 150 -116 a Ft(70)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40
b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)275 571 y Ft(When)24 b(Bash)h(is)g(started)g
(non-in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)29 b(to)d(run)d(a)i(shell)g(script,)h
(for)f(example,)i(it)e(lo)s(oks)g(for)g(the)150 680 y(v)-5
b(ariable)35 b Fs(BASH_ENV)d Ft(in)i(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)h
(expands)e(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(if)g(it)g(app)s(ears)e(there,)j(and)e
(uses)g(the)150 790 y(expanded)c(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(as)h(the)g(name)f(of)
h(a)f(\014le)h(to)g(read)f(and)g(execute.)42 b(Bash)31
b(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)g(if)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)150
900 y(command)g(w)m(ere)h(executed:)390 1062 y Fs(if)47
b([)h(-n)f("$BASH_ENV")e(];)i(then)f(.)i("$BASH_ENV";)c(fi)150
1224 y Ft(but)30 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f
Fs(PATH)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(is)e(not)h(used)e(to)i(searc)m(h)g
(for)f(the)h(\014le)f(name.)275 1387 y(As)38 b(noted)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)
j(if)c(a)h(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(with)e(the)g(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')g(option,)j(Bash)150
1496 y(attempts)31 b(to)g(read)g(and)e(execute)j(commands)e(from)g(the)
h(login)g(shell)g(startup)e(\014les.)150 1776 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40
b(with)g(name)h Fi(sh)275 2048 y Ft(If)29 b(Bash)g(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)h(with)e(the)h(name)f Fs(sh)p Ft(,)g(it)i(tries)e(to)i(mimic)f(the)
f(startup)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(of)g(historical)150 2158
y(v)m(ersions)h(of)f Fs(sh)g Ft(as)h(closely)h(as)e(p)s(ossible,)g
(while)h(conforming)f(to)h(the)g Fl(posix)e Ft(standard)h(as)h(w)m
(ell.)275 2320 y(When)50 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(as)f(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m
(e)j(login)e(shell,)57 b(or)51 b(as)g(a)h(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)h
(shell)f(with)f(the)150 2430 y(`)p Fs(--login)p Ft(')39
b(option,)k(it)e(\014rst)e(attempts)i(to)g(read)f(and)g(execute)h
(commands)f(from)g(`)p Fs(/etc/profile)p Ft(')150 2539
y(and)d(`)p Fs(~/.profile)p Ft(',)g(in)g(that)h(order.)62
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(--noprofile)p Ft(')e(option)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g
(to)h(inhibit)f(this)150 2649 y(b)s(eha)m(vior.)82 b(When)44
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(with)g(the)g
(name)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)j(Bash)d(lo)s(oks)h(for)f(the)150
2759 y(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b Fs(ENV)p Ft(,)g(expands)e(its)i(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(if)g(it)h(is)f(de\014ned,)h(and)e(uses)h(the)g(expanded)g
(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(as)h(the)f(name)150 2868 y(of)i(a)h(\014le)g(to)g
(read)f(and)g(execute.)66 b(Since)38 b(a)h(shell)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(as)f Fs(sh)e Ft(do)s(es)h(not)h(attempt)g(to)g(read)g(and)150
2978 y(execute)i(commands)e(from)g(an)m(y)h(other)g(startup)f(\014les,)
j(the)e(`)p Fs(--rcfile)p Ft(')d(option)j(has)g(no)f(e\013ect.)70
b(A)150 3087 y(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)32 b(shell)d(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(with)f(the)g(name)g Fs(sh)f Ft(do)s(es)g(not)i(attempt)g(to)f(read)g
(an)m(y)g(other)g(startup)150 3197 y(\014les.)275 3359
y(When)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)f(Bash)h(en)m(ters)g
Fl(posix)e Ft(mo)s(de)h(after)h(the)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h(read.)
150 3639 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(in)h Fh(posix)f Fk(mo)s(de)275
3911 y Ft(When)d(Bash)g(is)g(started)h(in)f Fl(posix)f
Ft(mo)s(de,)j(as)e(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(--posix)p Ft(')d(command)i(line)
h(option,)h(it)150 4021 y(follo)m(ws)28 b(the)g Fl(posix)e
Ft(standard)h(for)g(startup)g(\014les.)39 b(In)27 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)g
(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(shells)c(expand)f(the)i Fs(ENV)150
4131 y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(and)f(commands)g(are)h(read)g(and)f
(executed)h(from)f(the)h(\014le)g(whose)f(name)g(is)h(the)g(expanded)
150 4240 y(v)-5 b(alue.)41 b(No)31 b(other)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h
(read.)150 4520 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(b)m(y)g(remote)h(shell)h
(daemon)275 4792 y Ft(Bash)34 b(attempts)i(to)f(determine)g(when)e(it)i
(is)g(b)s(eing)f(run)f(b)m(y)h(the)h(remote)h(shell)e(daemon,)i
(usually)150 4902 y Fs(rshd)p Ft(.)60 b(If)36 b(Bash)h(determines)g(it)
h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(run)e(b)m(y)i(rshd,)h(it)f(reads)g(and)f(executes)j
(commands)d(from)150 5011 y(`)p Fs(~/.bashrc)p Ft(',)h(if)g(that)g
(\014le)g(exists)h(and)e(is)h(readable.)62 b(It)37 b(will)g(not)g(do)g
(this)g(if)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g Fs(sh)p Ft(.)59
b(The)150 5121 y(`)p Fs(--norc)p Ft(')34 b(option)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e
(used)f(to)j(inhibit)e(this)g(b)s(eha)m(vior,)j(and)d(the)g(`)p
Fs(--rcfile)p Ft(')f(option)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)150 5230
y(used)25 b(to)h(force)g(another)g(\014le)f(to)i(b)s(e)e(read,)h(but)f
Fs(rshd)g Ft(do)s(es)g(not)g(generally)i(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)d(shell)
h(with)f(those)150 5340 y(options)31 b(or)f(allo)m(w)i(them)e(to)h(b)s
(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)p eop end
%%Page: 71 77
TeXDict begin 71 76 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(71)150 299 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40
b(with)g(unequal)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)e(and)i(real)g Fh(uid/gid)p
Fk(s)275 538 y Ft(If)26 b(Bash)i(is)f(started)h(with)f(the)g
(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(\(group\))g(id)g(not)h(equal)g(to)g(the)f
(real)h(user)f(\(group\))g(id,)150 648 y(and)f(the)i
Fs(-p)e Ft(option)h(is)g(not)h(supplied,)e(no)h(startup)g(\014les)g
(are)g(read,)h(shell)f(functions)g(are)g(not)g(inherited)150
757 y(from)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)h(the)f Fs(SHELLOPTS)d
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)29 b(if)f(it)g(app)s(ears)f(in)g(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t,)h(is)f(ignored,)150 867 y(and)f(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j
(user)c(id)g(is)h(set)g(to)h(the)f(real)g(user)f(id.)40
b(If)27 b(the)h Fs(-p)g Ft(option)g(is)g(supplied)e(at)j(in)m(v)m(o)s
(cation,)150 977 y(the)i(startup)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(is)g(the)h(same,)g
(but)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(id)g(is)g(not)h(reset.)150
1220 y Fr(6.3)68 b(In)l(teractiv)l(e)47 b(Shells)150
1540 y Fk(6.3.1)63 b(What)40 b(is)h(an)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e)e(Shell?)275
1779 y Ft(An)25 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(is)h(one)f(started)h
(without)g(non-option)f(argumen)m(ts,)i(unless)e(`)p
Fs(-s)p Ft(')g(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed,)150 1889 y(without)33
b(sp)s(eci\014ying)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft(')f(option,)i(and)e(whose)h
(input)e(and)i(error)f(output)g(are)h(b)s(oth)f(connected)150
1998 y(to)f(terminals)g(\(as)g(determined)f(b)m(y)g Fs(isatty\(3\))p
Ft(\),)f(or)h(one)h(started)f(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-i)p
Ft(')f(option.)275 2128 y(An)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(generally)i
(reads)e(from)g(and)g(writes)g(to)h(a)g(user's)f(terminal.)275
2258 y(The)e(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')i(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)h(option)f(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(set)g(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)f(when)g
(an)g(in)m(ter-)150 2367 y(activ)m(e)k(shell)d(is)h(started.)150
2577 y Fk(6.3.2)63 b(Is)41 b(this)g(Shell)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e?)275
2817 y Ft(T)-8 b(o)32 b(determine)g(within)g(a)g(startup)g(script)g
(whether)g(or)g(not)g(Bash)g(is)g(running)f(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8
b(,)36 b(test)150 2926 y(the)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(of)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-)p Ft(')g(sp)s(ecial)g(parameter.)75 b(It)41 b(con)m(tains)i
Fs(i)e Ft(when)g(the)h(shell)f(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)77
b(F)-8 b(or)150 3036 y(example:)390 3166 y Fs(case)47
b("$-")f(in)390 3275 y(*i*\))h(echo)f(This)h(shell)f(is)h(interactive)e
(;;)390 3385 y(*\))i(echo)g(This)f(shell)h(is)g(not)g(interactive)e(;;)
390 3495 y(esac)275 3624 y Ft(Alternativ)m(ely)-8 b(,)28
b(startup)23 b(scripts)h(ma)m(y)g(examine)g(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)25 b Fs(PS1)p Ft(;)g(it)g(is)e(unset)h(in)f(non-in)m
(teractiv)m(e)150 3734 y(shells,)31 b(and)e(set)i(in)f(in)m(teractiv)m
(e)k(shells.)40 b(Th)m(us:)390 3864 y Fs(if)47 b([)h(-z)f("$PS1")f(];)h
(then)772 3973 y(echo)f(This)h(shell)f(is)i(not)f(interactive)390
4083 y(else)772 4193 y(echo)f(This)h(shell)f(is)i(interactive)390
4302 y(fi)150 4512 y Fk(6.3.3)63 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)38
b(Shell)k(Beha)m(vior)275 4752 y Ft(When)30 b(the)g(shell)h(is)f
(running)f(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(,)34 b(it)d(c)m(hanges)g(its)g(b)s
(eha)m(vior)g(in)f(sev)m(eral)h(w)m(a)m(ys.)199 4881
y(1.)61 b(Startup)37 b(\014les)g(are)h(read)f(and)g(executed)h(as)f
(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)h(6.2)g([Bash)g(Startup)e(Files],)330
4991 y(page)31 b(69.)199 5121 y(2.)61 b(Job)35 b(Con)m(trol)g(\(see)h
(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(85\))g(is)f(enabled)g(b)m
(y)g(default.)55 b(When)34 b(job)330 5230 y(con)m(trol)h(is)f(in)f
(e\013ect,)k(Bash)d(ignores)g(the)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)h(job)e
(con)m(trol)i(signals)g Fs(SIGTTIN)p Ft(,)330 5340 y
Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(,)29 b(and)g Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)p eop
end
%%Page: 72 78
TeXDict begin 72 77 bop 150 -116 a Ft(72)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)199 299 y(3.)61 b(Bash)39 b(expands)f(and)g
(displa)m(ys)h Fs(PS1)f Ft(b)s(efore)h(reading)g(the)g(\014rst)f(line)h
(of)g(a)g(command,)i(and)d(ex-)330 408 y(pands)30 b(and)g(displa)m(ys)h
Fs(PS2)e Ft(b)s(efore)i(reading)g(the)g(second)f(and)h(subsequen)m(t)f
(lines)h(of)g(a)g(m)m(ulti-line)330 518 y(command.)199
669 y(4.)61 b(Bash)26 b(executes)i(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)27
b(of)f(the)h Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)22 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27
b(as)g(a)f(command)g(b)s(efore)g(prin)m(ting)330 779
y(the)31 b(primary)e(prompt,)h Fs($PS1)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(5.2)h
([Bash)f(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(57\).)199 930
y(5.)61 b(Readline)30 b(\(see)h(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)e(Line)i
(Editing],)g(page)g(89\))h(is)f(used)f(to)h(read)f(commands)330
1039 y(from)h(the)g(user's)g(terminal.)199 1190 y(6.)61
b(Bash)36 b(insp)s(ects)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(the)g
Fs(ignoreeof)e Ft(option)j(to)g Fs(set)29 b(-o)36 b Ft(instead)h(of)f
(exiting)i(imme-)330 1300 y(diately)f(when)e(it)i(receiv)m(es)h(an)e
Fs(EOF)f Ft(on)h(its)g(standard)f(input)g(when)h(reading)g(a)g(command)
g(\(see)330 1409 y(Section)31 b(4.3)h([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f
(53\).)199 1560 y(7.)61 b(Command)43 b(history)h(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)
g([Bash)f(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)51 b(page)45 b(115\))h(and)d
(history)330 1670 y(expansion)23 b(\(see)i(Section)f(9.3)h([History)f
(In)m(teraction],)j(page)d(117\))h(are)f(enabled)g(b)m(y)f(default.)39
b(Bash)330 1779 y(will)23 b(sa)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(command)f(history)h(to)h
(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h Fs($HISTFILE)d Ft(when)i(an)h(in)m
(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)330 1889 y(exits.)199 2040 y(8.)61
b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e
(75\))h(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(b)m(y)h(default.)199 2191
y(9.)61 b(In)24 b(the)g(absence)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(traps,)g(Bash)g
(ignores)f Fs(SIGTERM)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g(page)
f(31\).)154 2342 y(10.)61 b(In)26 b(the)h(absence)h(of)f(an)m(y)g
(traps,)g Fs(SIGINT)e Ft(is)i(caugh)m(t)h(and)f(handled)e(\(\(see)k
(Section)e(3.7.6)i([Signals],)330 2451 y(page)i(31\).)42
b Fs(SIGINT)29 b Ft(will)h(in)m(terrupt)g(some)h(shell)g(builtins.)154
2602 y(11.)61 b(An)40 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(login)e(shell)g(sends)e(a)i
Fs(SIGHUP)d Ft(to)j(all)g(jobs)f(on)g(exit)h(if)g(the)f
Fs(hupoxexit)e Ft(shell)330 2712 y(option)31 b(has)f(b)s(een)g(enabled)
g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7.6)i([Signals],)e(page)g(31\).)154
2863 y(12.)61 b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i
(option)e(is)h(ignored,)f(and)g(`)p Fs(set)f(-n)p Ft(')g(has)h(no)g
(e\013ect)i(\(see)f(Section)g(4.3)g([The)330 2972 y(Set)f(Builtin],)g
(page)g(53\).)154 3123 y(13.)61 b(Bash)32 b(will)g(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)e
(mail)g(p)s(erio)s(dically)-8 b(,)34 b(dep)s(ending)c(on)i(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)32 b(of)g(the)h Fs(MAIL)p Ft(,)e Fs(MAILPATH)p
Ft(,)330 3233 y(and)f Fs(MAILCHECK)e Ft(shell)i(v)-5
b(ariables)31 b(\(see)h(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g(V)-8
b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(57\).)154 3384 y(14.)61 b(Expansion)32
b(errors)h(due)f(to)i(references)f(to)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c(shell)j(v)-5
b(ariables)34 b(after)g(`)p Fs(set)29 b(-u)p Ft(')k(has)g(b)s(een)330
3494 y(enabled)d(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit)g(\(see)g
(Section)h(4.3)f([The)f(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(53\).)154
3644 y(15.)61 b(The)48 b(shell)h(will)f(not)h(exit)g(on)g(expansion)f
(errors)g(caused)g(b)m(y)h Fq(v)-5 b(ar)54 b Ft(b)s(eing)48
b(unset)g(or)h(n)m(ull)f(in)330 3754 y Fs(${)p Fj(var)11
b Fs(:?)p Fj(word)g Fs(})26 b Ft(expansions)k(\(see)h(Section)h(3.5.3)g
([Shell)e(P)m(arameter)i(Expansion],)e(page)h(19\).)154
3905 y(16.)61 b(Redirection)31 b(errors)f(encoun)m(tered)h(b)m(y)f
(shell)h(builtins)f(will)g(not)h(cause)g(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit.)154
4056 y(17.)61 b(When)26 b(running)f(in)i Fl(posix)e Ft(mo)s(de,)j(a)f
(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returning)g(an)g(error)h(status)g(will)g(not)f
(cause)330 4166 y(the)31 b(shell)f(to)h(exit)h(\(see)f(Section)g(6.11)h
([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(80\).)154 4316 y(18.)61
b(A)34 b(failed)g Fs(exec)f Ft(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)g(shell)g(to)g
(exit)h(\(see)f(Section)h(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)f(Builtins],)330
4426 y(page)e(35\).)154 4577 y(19.)61 b(P)m(arser)31
b(syn)m(tax)f(errors)g(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit.)
154 4728 y(20.)61 b(Simple)21 b(sp)s(elling)h(correction)g(for)g
(directory)g(argumen)m(ts)f(to)i(the)e Fs(cd)g Ft(builtin)g(is)h
(enabled)f(b)m(y)h(default)330 4838 y(\(see)38 b(the)e(description)h
(of)g(the)f Fs(cdspell)f Ft(option)i(to)g(the)g Fs(shopt)e
Ft(builtin)h(in)h(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)330 4947 y(Builtins],)31
b(page)g(41\).)154 5098 y(21.)61 b(The)42 b(shell)h(will)g(c)m(hec)m(k)
h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(of)f(the)h Fs(TMOUT)e Ft(v)-5
b(ariable)44 b(and)e(exit)h(if)g(a)g(command)f(is)h(not)330
5208 y(read)30 b(within)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)i
(seconds)f(after)g(prin)m(ting)g Fs($PS1)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(5.2)h
([Bash)330 5317 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(57\).)p
eop end
%%Page: 73 79
TeXDict begin 73 78 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(73)150 299 y Fr(6.4)68
b(Bash)45 b(Conditional)h(Expressions)275 540 y Ft(Conditional)38
b(expressions)g(are)h(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)g Fs([[)g Ft(comp)s(ound)f
(command)h(and)g(the)g Fs(test)g Ft(and)f Fs([)150 650
y Ft(builtin)30 b(commands.)275 782 y(Expressions)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)g
(unary)f(or)h(binary)-8 b(.)48 b(Unary)33 b(expressions)f(are)i(often)f
(used)f(to)i(examine)g(the)150 892 y(status)26 b(of)g(a)h(\014le.)39
b(There)26 b(are)g(string)g(op)s(erators)g(and)g(n)m(umeric)f
(comparison)i(op)s(erators)f(as)g(w)m(ell.)40 b(If)26
b(the)150 1001 y Fq(\014le)38 b Ft(argumen)m(t)c(to)f(one)h(of)f(the)g
(primaries)g(is)g(of)g(the)g(form)g(`)p Fs(/dev/fd/)p
Fj(N)11 b Ft(',)31 b(then)i(\014le)g(descriptor)g Fq(N)43
b Ft(is)150 1111 y(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed.)e(If)26 b(the)g
Fq(\014le)31 b Ft(argumen)m(t)26 b(to)h(one)f(of)g(the)h(primaries)e
(is)h(one)g(of)g(`)p Fs(/dev/stdin)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(/dev/stdout)p
Ft(',)150 1220 y(or)30 b(`)p Fs(/dev/stderr)p Ft(',)e(\014le)j
(descriptor)f(0,)h(1,)g(or)g(2,)g(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8
b(,)32 b(is)e(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed.)275 1352 y(Unless)44
b(otherwise)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)j(primaries)c(that)h(op)s(erate)g(on)g
(\014les)f(follo)m(w)i(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(links)g(and)150
1462 y(op)s(erate)31 b(on)f(the)h(target)h(of)e(the)h(link,)f(rather)h
(than)f(the)g(link)h(itself.)150 1616 y Fs(-a)f Fj(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists.)150
1771 y Fs(-b)30 b Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(blo)s(c)m(k)g(sp)s(ecial)g
(\014le.)150 1925 y Fs(-c)f Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(c)m(haracter)h(sp)s
(ecial)f(\014le.)150 2079 y Fs(-d)f Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8
b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(directory)
-8 b(.)150 2233 y Fs(-e)30 b Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists.)150 2388 y Fs(-f)30
b Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)f(\014le.)150
2542 y Fs(-g)g Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(its)g(set-group-id)h(bit)g(is)f
(set.)150 2696 y Fs(-h)g Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g
(link.)150 2851 y Fs(-k)f Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(its)g Fs(")p
Ft(stic)m(ky)p Fs(")h Ft(bit)g(is)f(set.)150 3005 y Fs(-p)g
Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b
Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(named)f(pip)s(e)f(\(FIF)m(O\).)150
3159 y Fs(-r)h Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(readable.)150
3314 y Fs(-s)g Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(has)g(a)g(size)i(greater)f(than)f
(zero.)150 3468 y Fs(-t)g Fj(fd)258 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30
b(if)g(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fq(fd)j Ft(is)e(op)s(en)e(and)h(refers)g
(to)h(a)g(terminal.)150 3622 y Fs(-u)f Fj(file)162 b
Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(its)g
(set-user-id)h(bit)f(is)h(set.)150 3777 y Fs(-w)f Fj(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(writable.)150 3931 y Fs(-x)g Fj(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(executable.)150 4085 y Fs(-O)g Fj(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(o)m(wned)g(b)m(y)h(the)f(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(id.)150
4240 y Fs(-G)g Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(o)m(wned)g(b)m(y)h(the)f
(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(group)d(id.)150 4394 y Fs(-L)g Fj(file)162
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b Ft(exists)31
b(and)f(is)g(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(link.)150 4548 y Fs(-S)f
Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36 b
Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(is)g(a)h(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)150 4703
y Fs(-N)f Fj(file)162 b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(mo)s(di\014ed)h(since)g(it)h(w)m
(as)g(last)g(read.)150 4857 y Fj(file1)39 b Fs(-nt)30
b Fj(file2)630 4966 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)23 b(if)h Fq(\014le1)32
b Ft(is)24 b(new)m(er)g(\(according)h(to)g(mo)s(di\014cation)f(date\))h
(than)f Fq(\014le2)p Ft(,)i(or)e(if)g Fq(\014le1)31 b
Ft(exists)630 5076 y(and)f Fq(\014le2)38 b Ft(do)s(es)30
b(not.)150 5230 y Fj(file1)39 b Fs(-ot)30 b Fj(file2)630
5340 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le1)38 b Ft(is)31
b(older)f(than)g Fq(\014le2)p Ft(,)i(or)e(if)g Fq(\014le2)38
b Ft(exists)31 b(and)f Fq(\014le1)38 b Ft(do)s(es)30
b(not.)p eop end
%%Page: 74 80
TeXDict begin 74 79 bop 150 -116 a Ft(74)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fj(file1)39 b Fs(-ef)30
b Fj(file2)630 408 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(\014le1)38
b Ft(and)30 b Fq(\014le2)38 b Ft(refer)30 b(to)i(the)e(same)h(device)g
(and)f(ino)s(de)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)150 570 y Fs(-o)g
Fj(optname)630 679 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)41 b(if)g(shell)g(option)h
Fq(optname)47 b Ft(is)41 b(enabled.)73 b(The)41 b(list)h(of)f(options)g
(app)s(ears)g(in)g(the)630 789 y(description)20 b(of)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-o)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)g(the)g Fs(set)e Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h
(Section)g(4.3)g([The)g(Set)f(Builtin],)630 898 y(page)31
b(53\).)150 1060 y Fs(-z)f Fj(string)630 1169 y Ft(T)-8
b(rue)30 b(if)g(the)h(length)g(of)f Fq(string)38 b Ft(is)31
b(zero.)150 1330 y Fs(-n)f Fj(string)150 1440 y(string)192
b Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(the)h(length)g(of)f Fq(string)38
b Ft(is)31 b(non-zero.)150 1601 y Fj(string1)39 b Fs(==)30
b Fj(string2)630 1711 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)33 b(if)h(the)g(strings)f(are)h
(equal.)51 b(`)p Fs(=)p Ft(')34 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(in)g(place)i
(of)e(`)p Fs(==)p Ft(')h(for)f(strict)i Fl(posix)630
1820 y Ft(compliance.)150 1981 y Fj(string1)k Fs(!=)30
b Fj(string2)630 2091 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g(the)h(strings)f(are)h
(not)f(equal.)150 2252 y Fj(string1)39 b Fs(<)30 b Fj(string2)630
2362 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fq(string1)38 b Ft(sorts)31
b(b)s(efore)f Fq(string2)38 b Ft(lexicographically)33
b(in)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s(cale.)150 2523 y Fj(string1)39
b Fs(>)30 b Fj(string2)630 2632 y Ft(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g
Fq(string1)38 b Ft(sorts)31 b(after)g Fq(string2)38 b
Ft(lexicographically)33 b(in)d(the)g(curren)m(t)h(lo)s(cale.)150
2794 y Fj(arg1)40 b Fs(OP)29 b Fj(arg2)630 2903 y Fs(OP)k
Ft(is)h(one)g(of)h(`)p Fs(-eq)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(-ne)p
Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(-lt)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(-le)p Ft(',)f(`)p
Fs(-gt)p Ft(',)h(or)f(`)p Fs(-ge)p Ft('.)51 b(These)34
b(arithmetic)h(binary)630 3013 y(op)s(erators)h(return)e(true)i(if)f
Fq(arg1)44 b Ft(is)36 b(equal)g(to,)i(not)e(equal)g(to,)i(less)e(than,)
h(less)f(than)f(or)630 3122 y(equal)29 b(to,)g(greater)h(than,)e(or)g
(greater)i(than)d(or)i(equal)f(to)h Fq(arg2)p Ft(,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m
(ely)-8 b(.)42 b Fq(Arg1)36 b Ft(and)630 3232 y Fq(arg2)j
Ft(ma)m(y)30 b(b)s(e)g(p)s(ositiv)m(e)i(or)e(negativ)m(e)j(in)m
(tegers.)150 3494 y Fr(6.5)68 b(Shell)45 b(Arithmetic)275
3740 y Ft(The)34 b(shell)g(allo)m(ws)i(arithmetic)g(expressions)f(to)g
(b)s(e)f(ev)-5 b(aluated,)37 b(as)e(one)g(of)g(the)f(shell)h
(expansions)150 3849 y(or)30 b(b)m(y)h(the)f Fs(let)g
Ft(and)f(the)i(`)p Fs(-i)p Ft(')f(option)h(to)g(the)g
Fs(declare)d Ft(builtins.)275 3985 y(Ev)-5 b(aluation)27
b(is)g(done)f(in)g(\014xed-width)g(in)m(tegers)i(with)e(no)h(c)m(hec)m
(k)h(for)e(o)m(v)m(er\015o)m(w,)j(though)d(division)h(b)m(y)150
4095 y(0)g(is)g(trapp)s(ed)f(and)h(\015agged)g(as)h(an)f(error.)39
b(The)26 b(op)s(erators)h(and)g(their)g(precedence,)h(asso)s(ciativit)m
(y)-8 b(,)32 b(and)150 4205 y(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(are)h(the)f(same)g(as)h
(in)e(the)h(C)g(language.)56 b(The)35 b(follo)m(wing)h(list)g(of)f(op)s
(erators)g(is)g(group)s(ed)f(in)m(to)150 4314 y(lev)m(els)27
b(of)f(equal-precedence)i(op)s(erators.)39 b(The)25 b(lev)m(els)j(are)e
(listed)h(in)e(order)h(of)g(decreasing)g(precedence.)150
4476 y Fj(id)11 b Fs(++)29 b Fj(id)p Fs(--)630 4586 y
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(p)s(ost-incremen)m(t)g(and)f(p)s(ost-decremen)m
(t)150 4747 y Fs(++)p Fj(id)40 b Fs(--)p Fj(id)630 4857
y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(pre-incremen)m(t)g(and)f(pre-decremen)m(t)150
5018 y Fs(-)g(+)354 b Ft(unary)29 b(min)m(us)h(and)g(plus)150
5179 y Fs(!)g(~)354 b Ft(logical)33 b(and)d(bit)m(wise)h(negation)150
5340 y Fs(**)384 b Ft(exp)s(onen)m(tiation)p eop end
%%Page: 75 81
TeXDict begin 75 80 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(75)150 299 y Fs(*)30
b(/)g(\045)276 b Ft(m)m(ultiplication,)33 b(division,)d(remainder)150
464 y Fs(+)g(-)354 b Ft(addition,)31 b(subtraction)150
630 y Fs(<<)f(>>)258 b Ft(left)31 b(and)f(righ)m(t)h(bit)m(wise)g
(shifts)150 795 y Fs(<=)f(>=)g(<)g(>)102 b Ft(comparison)150
961 y Fs(==)30 b(!=)258 b Ft(equalit)m(y)32 b(and)e(inequalit)m(y)150
1126 y Fs(&)432 b Ft(bit)m(wise)31 b(AND)150 1292 y Fs(^)432
b Ft(bit)m(wise)31 b(exclusiv)m(e)h(OR)150 1458 y Fs(|)432
b Ft(bit)m(wise)31 b(OR)150 1623 y Fs(&&)384 b Ft(logical)33
b(AND)150 1789 y Fs(||)384 b Ft(logical)33 b(OR)150 1954
y Fs(expr)c(?)h(expr)f(:)h(expr)630 2064 y Ft(conditional)i(op)s
(erator)150 2229 y Fs(=)e(*=)g(/=)g(\045=)f(+=)h(-=)g(<<=)f(>>=)h(&=)g
(^=)f(|=)630 2339 y Ft(assignmen)m(t)150 2504 y Fs(expr1)g(,)h(expr2)
630 2614 y Ft(comma)275 2782 y(Shell)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)39
b(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(as)e(op)s(erands;)i(parameter)e(expansion)g(is)
f(p)s(erformed)g(b)s(efore)g(the)150 2892 y(expression)g(is)g(ev)-5
b(aluated.)66 b(Within)38 b(an)h(expression,)h(shell)e(v)-5
b(ariables)39 b(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s(e)f(referenced)g(b)m(y)150
3002 y(name)31 b(without)f(using)g(the)h(parameter)g(expansion)f(syn)m
(tax.)42 b(A)31 b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(that)f(is)f(n)m(ull)h(or)
f(unset)150 3111 y(ev)-5 b(aluates)41 b(to)f(0)g(when)e(referenced)h(b)
m(y)g(name)h(without)f(using)g(the)g(parameter)h(expansion)f(syn)m
(tax.)150 3221 y(The)c(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(a)h(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)38 b(as)e(an)g(arithmetic)h
(expression)f(when)f(it)h(is)g(referenced,)i(or)150 3330
y(when)31 b(a)i(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(whic)m(h)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(giv)m
(en)j(the)e Fq(in)m(teger)40 b Ft(attribute)33 b(using)f(`)p
Fs(declare)d(-i)p Ft(')i(is)i(assigned)150 3440 y(a)k(v)-5
b(alue.)58 b(A)36 b(n)m(ull)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(ev)-5
b(aluates)38 b(to)f(0.)58 b(A)36 b(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(need)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(its)g(in)m(teger)g(attribute)150
3550 y(turned)29 b(on)h(to)i(b)s(e)d(used)h(in)g(an)g(expression.)275
3690 y(Constan)m(ts)41 b(with)g(a)h(leading)f(0)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)
f(as)g(o)s(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)72 b(A)41 b(leading)h(`)p
Fs(0x)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p Fs(0X)p Ft(')150 3800 y(denotes)31
b(hexadecimal.)43 b(Otherwise,)31 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(tak)m(e)k(the)e
(form)f([)p Fq(base)5 b Fs(#)p Ft(])p Fq(n)p Ft(,)31
b(where)f Fq(base)36 b Ft(is)31 b(a)g(decimal)150 3909
y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)26 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i(2)f(and)g(64)h(represen)m
(ting)g(the)f(arithmetic)h(base,)h(and)d Fq(n)h Ft(is)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)
s(er)e(in)h(that)h(base.)150 4019 y(If)39 b Fq(base)5
b Fs(#)40 b Ft(is)g(omitted,)j(then)d(base)g(10)g(is)g(used.)68
b(The)39 b(digits)i(greater)g(than)e(9)h(are)g(represen)m(ted)g(b)m(y)
150 4129 y(the)34 b(lo)m(w)m(ercase)h(letters,)h(the)d(upp)s(ercase)g
(letters,)i(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(',)g(and)e(`)p Fs(_)p Ft(',)h(in)f(that)h
(order.)50 b(If)32 b Fq(base)39 b Ft(is)34 b(less)f(than)150
4238 y(or)i(equal)g(to)g(36,)i(lo)m(w)m(ercase)g(and)e(upp)s(ercase)e
(letters)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)g(in)m(terc)m(hangeably)i(to)g
(represen)m(t)150 4348 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)29 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i(10)g
(and)f(35.)275 4488 y(Op)s(erators)44 b(are)h(ev)-5 b(aluated)46
b(in)f(order)f(of)h(precedence.)85 b(Sub-expressions)44
b(in)g(paren)m(theses)i(are)150 4598 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32
b(\014rst)d(and)h(ma)m(y)h(o)m(v)m(erride)g(the)g(precedence)g(rules)f
(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)150 4871 y Fr(6.6)68 b(Aliases)275 5121
y Fq(Aliases)34 b Ft(allo)m(w)d(a)g(string)e(to)i(b)s(e)e(substituted)g
(for)h(a)g(w)m(ord)f(when)g(it)h(is)g(used)f(as)h(the)g(\014rst)f(w)m
(ord)h(of)g(a)150 5230 y(simple)i(command.)45 b(The)31
b(shell)i(main)m(tains)f(a)h(list)f(of)g(aliases)i(that)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)e(set)h(and)g(unset)f(with)h(the)150 5340 y Fs(alias)d
Ft(and)h Fs(unalias)e Ft(builtin)i(commands.)p eop end
%%Page: 76 82
TeXDict begin 76 81 bop 150 -116 a Ft(76)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(The)e(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)i(of)f(eac)m
(h)i(simple)f(command,)g(if)f(unquoted,)g(is)h(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)h(to)g
(see)f(if)g(it)g(has)f(an)g(alias.)150 408 y(If)24 b(so,)i(that)g(w)m
(ord)e(is)h(replaced)g(b)m(y)f(the)h(text)h(of)e(the)h(alias.)40
b(The)24 b(c)m(haracters)i(`)p Fs(/)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs($)p
Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(`)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(=)p Ft(')f(and)f(an)m(y)h(of)150
518 y(the)e(shell)g(metac)m(haracters)i(or)e(quoting)g(c)m(haracters)h
(listed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g(ma)m(y)f(not)g(app)s(ear)f(in)h(an)g(alias)h
(name.)150 628 y(The)e(replacemen)m(t)h(text)g(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)h
(an)m(y)e(v)-5 b(alid)23 b(shell)f(input,)h(including)f(shell)g(metac)m
(haracters.)40 b(The)150 737 y(\014rst)35 b(w)m(ord)g(of)h(the)g
(replacemen)m(t)i(text)e(is)g(tested)h(for)e(aliases,)k(but)c(a)h(w)m
(ord)g(that)g(is)g(iden)m(tical)i(to)e(an)150 847 y(alias)c(b)s(eing)f
(expanded)f(is)h(not)g(expanded)f(a)h(second)g(time.)43
b(This)30 b(means)h(that)g(one)g(ma)m(y)h(alias)g Fs(ls)e
Ft(to)150 956 y Fs("ls)f(-F")p Ft(,)36 b(for)f(instance,)i(and)d(Bash)h
(do)s(es)g(not)g(try)g(to)g(recursiv)m(ely)h(expand)e(the)h(replacemen)
m(t)i(text.)150 1066 y(If)31 b(the)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)g(of)f(the)g
(alias)h(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(is)g(a)g(space)g(or)g(tab)g(c)m(haracter,)i
(then)d(the)h(next)g(command)150 1176 y(w)m(ord)e(follo)m(wing)i(the)e
(alias)i(is)e(also)i(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)g(for)e(alias)i(expansion.)275
1325 y(Aliases)d(are)f(created)i(and)d(listed)i(with)f(the)g
Fs(alias)f Ft(command,)h(and)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(with)f(the)g
Fs(unalias)150 1434 y Ft(command.)275 1583 y(There)44
b(is)h(no)g(mec)m(hanism)g(for)f(using)h(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h
(replacemen)m(t)i(text,)i(as)d(in)e Fs(csh)p Ft(.)83
b(If)150 1693 y(argumen)m(ts)37 b(are)h(needed,)g(a)g(shell)f(function)
f(should)g(b)s(e)h(used)f(\(see)i(Section)g(3.3)g([Shell)f(F)-8
b(unctions],)150 1802 y(page)31 b(14\).)275 1951 y(Aliases)i(are)h(not)
e(expanded)g(when)g(the)h(shell)g(is)g(not)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)j
(unless)c(the)h Fs(expand_aliases)150 2061 y Ft(shell)e(option)f(is)h
(set)g(using)f Fs(shopt)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e
(Builtins],)h(page)h(41\).)275 2210 y(The)38 b(rules)h(concerning)h
(the)f(de\014nition)g(and)g(use)g(of)g(aliases)i(are)e(somewhat)h
(confusing.)67 b(Bash)150 2320 y(alw)m(a)m(ys)42 b(reads)f(at)h(least)g
(one)f(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input)f(b)s(efore)h(executing)h(an)m(y)f
(of)g(the)g(commands)150 2429 y(on)h(that)h(line.)77
b(Aliases)44 b(are)e(expanded)g(when)f(a)i(command)f(is)g(read,)k(not)c
(when)g(it)g(is)h(executed.)150 2539 y(Therefore,)f(an)e(alias)h
(de\014nition)e(app)s(earing)h(on)f(the)h(same)h(line)f(as)g(another)g
(command)f(do)s(es)h(not)150 2648 y(tak)m(e)31 b(e\013ect)f(un)m(til)g
(the)f(next)g(line)h(of)f(input)f(is)h(read.)41 b(The)28
b(commands)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)e(alias)h(de\014nition)150
2758 y(on)d(that)h(line)f(are)h(not)f(a\013ected)i(b)m(y)e(the)g(new)g
(alias.)41 b(This)26 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(is)g(also)h(an)f(issue)g(when)f
(functions)150 2868 y(are)d(executed.)39 b(Aliases)24
b(are)f(expanded)f(when)f(a)i(function)g(de\014nition)f(is)h(read,)h
(not)f(when)e(the)i(function)150 2977 y(is)i(executed,)j(b)s(ecause)d
(a)h(function)f(de\014nition)f(is)i(itself)g(a)f(comp)s(ound)f
(command.)39 b(As)25 b(a)h(consequence,)150 3087 y(aliases)36
b(de\014ned)d(in)h(a)g(function)g(are)h(not)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)37 b(un)m(til)d(after)h(that)g(function)f(is)g(executed.)53
b(T)-8 b(o)35 b(b)s(e)150 3196 y(safe,)41 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)f(put)d(alias)
j(de\014nitions)e(on)g(a)h(separate)g(line,)i(and)d(do)g(not)g(use)g
Fs(alias)f Ft(in)h(comp)s(ound)150 3306 y(commands.)275
3455 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(almost)g(ev)m(ery)g(purp)s(ose,)e(shell)i
(functions)f(are)g(preferred)g(o)m(v)m(er)h(aliases.)150
3749 y Fr(6.7)68 b(Arra)l(ys)275 4007 y Ft(Bash)33 b(pro)m(vides)g
(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables.)50 b(An)m(y)33
b(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(as)h(an)g(arra)m(y;)150
4117 y(the)c Fs(declare)d Ft(builtin)i(will)h(explicitly)h(declare)g
(an)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)41 b(There)28 b(is)h(no)f(maxim)m(um)h(limit)g
(on)f(the)h(size)150 4227 y(of)d(an)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)27
b(nor)f(an)m(y)g(requiremen)m(t)g(that)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(b)s(e)g
(indexed)g(or)h(assigned)g(con)m(tiguously)-8 b(.)41
b(Arra)m(ys)150 4336 y(are)31 b(zero-based.)275 4485
y(An)f(arra)m(y)g(is)h(created)g(automatically)i(if)e(an)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)f(assigned)h(to)g(using)f(the)g(syn)m(tax)390
4634 y Fs(name[)p Fj(subscript)11 b Fs(]=)p Fj(value)150
4783 y Ft(The)25 b Fq(subscript)g Ft(is)h(treated)g(as)f(an)g
(arithmetic)h(expression)f(that)h(m)m(ust)f(ev)-5 b(aluate)27
b(to)e(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(greater)150 4893 y(than)30
b(or)g(equal)h(to)g(zero.)42 b(T)-8 b(o)31 b(explicitly)h(declare)f(an)
f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)32 b(use)390 5042 y Fs(declare)46 b(-a)h
Fj(name)150 5191 y Ft(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)390 5340 y Fs(declare)46
b(-a)h Fj(name)11 b Fs([)p Fj(subscript)g Fs(])p eop
end
%%Page: 77 83
TeXDict begin 77 82 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(77)150 299 y(is)29
b(also)i(accepted;)g(the)f Fq(subscript)g Ft(is)f(ignored.)41
b(A)m(ttributes)30 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(for)g(an)g(arra)
m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)150 408 y(using)40 b(the)h Fs(declare)d
Ft(and)i Fs(readonly)f Ft(builtins.)70 b(Eac)m(h)42 b(attribute)f
(applies)g(to)g(all)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)d(of)i(an)150 518
y(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)275 649 y(Arra)m(ys)30 b(are)h(assigned)f(to)h(using)
f(comp)s(ound)f(assignmen)m(ts)i(of)g(the)f(form)390
781 y Fs(name=\(value)p Fj(1)55 b Fs(...)47 b(value)p
Fj(n)11 b Fs(\))150 912 y Ft(where)37 b(eac)m(h)h Fq(v)-5
b(alue)43 b Ft(is)38 b(of)f(the)h(form)e Fs([[)p Fj(subscript)11
b Fs(]=])p Fq(string)p Ft(.)58 b(If)36 b(the)i(optional)g(subscript)e
(is)i(sup-)150 1022 y(plied,)44 b(that)e(index)f(is)g(assigned)h(to;)47
b(otherwise)42 b(the)f(index)g(of)h(the)f(elemen)m(t)i(assigned)e(is)h
(the)f(last)150 1131 y(index)34 b(assigned)h(to)g(b)m(y)f(the)h
(statemen)m(t)h(plus)d(one.)54 b(Indexing)33 b(starts)i(at)g(zero.)54
b(This)34 b(syn)m(tax)h(is)f(also)150 1241 y(accepted)h(b)m(y)f(the)g
Fs(declare)e Ft(builtin.)50 b(Individual)33 b(arra)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)h
(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(assigned)h(to)g(using)g(the)150 1350
y Fs(name[)p Fq(subscript)r Fs(]=)p Fq(v)-5 b(alue)33
b Ft(syn)m(tax)e(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)275
1482 y(An)m(y)j(elemen)m(t)i(of)f(an)f(arra)m(y)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f
(referenced)g(using)g Fs(${name[)p Fq(subscript)r Fs(]})p
Ft(.)46 b(The)33 b(braces)h(are)150 1591 y(required)28
b(to)j(a)m(v)m(oid)f(con\015icts)g(with)f(the)h(shell's)f(\014lename)h
(expansion)f(op)s(erators.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i Fq(subscript)g
Ft(is)150 1701 y(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)f(the)h(w)m
(ord)f(expands)f(to)i(all)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(of)i(the)f(arra)m(y)h
Fq(name)p Ft(.)40 b(These)29 b(subscripts)f(di\013er)h(only)150
1810 y(when)36 b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(app)s(ears)g(within)g(double)g
(quotes.)60 b(If)36 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(is)g(double-quoted,)j
Fs(${name[*]})150 1920 y Ft(expands)20 b(to)h(a)g(single)g(w)m(ord)f
(with)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)21 b(of)f(eac)m(h)i(arra)m(y)f(mem)m(b)s(er)f
(separated)h(b)m(y)g(the)f(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)150
2029 y(of)38 b(the)g Fs(IFS)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)41 b(and)c
Fs(${name[@]})e Ft(expands)i(eac)m(h)i(elemen)m(t)g(of)f
Fq(name)43 b Ft(to)c(a)f(separate)h(w)m(ord.)150 2139
y(When)32 b(there)h(are)f(no)g(arra)m(y)h(mem)m(b)s(ers,)f
Fs(${name[@]})e Ft(expands)h(to)i(nothing.)47 b(If)31
b(the)i(double-quoted)150 2249 y(expansion)39 b(o)s(ccurs)h(within)f(a)
h(w)m(ord,)i(the)d(expansion)h(of)g(the)f(\014rst)g(parameter)h(is)g
(joined)f(with)h(the)150 2358 y(b)s(eginning)j(part)h(of)g(the)g
(original)h(w)m(ord,)j(and)43 b(the)h(expansion)g(of)g(the)g(last)h
(parameter)f(is)g(joined)150 2468 y(with)35 b(the)g(last)h(part)f(of)g
(the)g(original)h(w)m(ord.)55 b(This)34 b(is)h(analogous)h(to)g(the)f
(expansion)g(of)g(the)g(sp)s(ecial)150 2577 y(parameters)28
b(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(*)p Ft('.)39 b Fs(${#name[)p
Fq(subscript)r Fs(]})24 b Ft(expands)j(to)h(the)g(length)g(of)f
Fs(${name[)p Fq(subscript)r Fs(]})p Ft(.)150 2687 y(If)j
Fq(subscript)i Ft(is)f(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(',)g(the)g(expansion)g(is)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(elemen)m
(ts)h(in)f(the)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)42 b(Referencing)150
2797 y(an)30 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(without)g(a)f(subscript)g
(is)g(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(referencing)g(elemen)m(t)g(zero.)
275 2928 y(The)h Fs(unset)g Ft(builtin)h(is)g(used)g(to)h(destro)m(y)g
(arra)m(ys.)50 b Fs(unset)31 b Fq(name)5 b Ft([)p Fq(subscript)r
Ft(])33 b(destro)m(ys)h(the)f(arra)m(y)150 3037 y(elemen)m(t)j(at)e
(index)g Fq(subscript)p Ft(.)50 b(Care)34 b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(tak)m(en)
h(to)g(a)m(v)m(oid)g(un)m(w)m(an)m(ted)g(side)f(e\013ects)h(caused)f(b)
m(y)150 3147 y(\014lename)39 b(generation.)68 b Fs(unset)37
b Fq(name)p Ft(,)k(where)e Fq(name)44 b Ft(is)39 b(an)f(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)43 b(remo)m(v)m(es)d(the)f(en)m(tire)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)67 b(A)150 3257 y(subscript)29 b(of)i(`)p Fs(*)p
Ft(')f(or)h(`)p Fs(@)p Ft(')f(also)h(remo)m(v)m(es)h(the)f(en)m(tire)g
(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)275 3388 y(The)22 b Fs(declare)p Ft(,)h
Fs(local)p Ft(,)g(and)g Fs(readonly)e Ft(builtins)h(eac)m(h)j(accept)f
(a)g(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')f(option)g(to)h(sp)s(ecify)f(an)g(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)150 3498 y(The)24 b Fs(read)g Ft(builtin)h(accepts)h(a)f(`)p
Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)f(assign)h(a)f(list)h(of)f(w)m(ords)f(read)h
(from)g(the)g(standard)f(input)150 3607 y(to)37 b(an)f(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)39 b(and)c(can)h(read)g(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(from)e(the)i(standard)e
(input)g(in)m(to)i(individual)f(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(ts.)150
3717 y(The)30 b Fs(set)f Ft(and)h Fs(declare)e Ft(builtins)i(displa)m
(y)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(in)f(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)g(allo)m
(ws)h(them)e(to)h(b)s(e)f(reused)150 3826 y(as)h(input.)150
4074 y Fr(6.8)68 b(The)45 b(Directory)g(Stac)l(k)275
4315 y Ft(The)26 b(directory)g(stac)m(k)i(is)f(a)g(list)g(of)g(recen)m
(tly-visited)h(directories.)41 b(The)26 b Fs(pushd)f
Ft(builtin)h(adds)g(direc-)150 4425 y(tories)f(to)f(the)h(stac)m(k)g
(as)f(it)h(c)m(hanges)f(the)h(curren)m(t)e(directory)-8
b(,)27 b(and)c(the)h Fs(popd)f Ft(builtin)g(remo)m(v)m(es)j(sp)s
(eci\014ed)150 4534 y(directories)j(from)f(the)h(stac)m(k)h(and)d(c)m
(hanges)j(the)e(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(to)g(the)g(directory)f(remo)m
(v)m(ed.)41 b(The)150 4644 y Fs(dirs)29 b Ft(builtin)h(displa)m(ys)h
(the)f(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k.)275
4775 y(The)k(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)h(are)f
(also)h(visible)g(as)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)g
Fs(DIRSTACK)e Ft(shell)150 4885 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
5099 y Fk(6.8.1)63 b(Directory)40 b(Stac)m(k)g(Builtins)150
5340 y Fs(dirs)p eop end
%%Page: 78 84
TeXDict begin 78 83 bop 150 -116 a Ft(78)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)870 299 y Fs(dirs)47 b([+)p Fj(N)57
b Fs(|)48 b(-)p Fj(N)11 b Fs(])46 b([-clpv])630 426 y
Ft(Displa)m(y)35 b(the)f(list)g(of)g(curren)m(tly)g(remem)m(b)s(ered)f
(directories.)51 b(Directories)36 b(are)e(added)f(to)630
536 y(the)28 b(list)h(with)f(the)g Fs(pushd)f Ft(command;)i(the)f
Fs(popd)f Ft(command)h(remo)m(v)m(es)h(directories)g(from)630
645 y(the)i(list.)630 791 y Fs(+)p Fj(N)384 b Ft(Displa)m(ys)23
b(the)f Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)21 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)e(the)h
(left)g(of)g(the)g(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110 900 y(b)m(y)30
b Fs(dirs)f Ft(when)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(without)e(options\),)h
(starting)g(with)g(zero.)630 1045 y Fs(-)p Fj(N)384 b
Ft(Displa)m(ys)47 b(the)g Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)46 b(directory)h(\(coun)m
(ting)g(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)h(of)g(the)f(list)1110
1155 y(prin)m(ted)25 b(b)m(y)g Fs(dirs)g Ft(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j
(without)f(options\),)h(starting)g(with)e(zero.)630 1300
y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(Clears)31 b(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(b)m(y)e
(deleting)h(all)h(of)e(the)h(elemen)m(ts.)630 1445 y
Fs(-l)384 b Ft(Pro)s(duces)30 b(a)i(longer)g(listing;)h(the)f(default)f
(listing)i(format)e(uses)g(a)h(tilde)g(to)1110 1555 y(denote)f(the)f
(home)h(directory)-8 b(.)630 1700 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(Causes)30
b Fs(dirs)f Ft(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k)h(with)e(one)
g(en)m(try)h(p)s(er)e(line.)630 1845 y Fs(-v)384 b Ft(Causes)36
b Fs(dirs)f Ft(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)g(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(with)e(one)
h(en)m(try)f(p)s(er)f(line,)1110 1955 y(pre\014xing)30
b(eac)m(h)h(en)m(try)g(with)f(its)h(index)e(in)i(the)f(stac)m(k.)150
2100 y Fs(popd)870 2227 y(popd)47 b([+)p Fj(N)57 b Fs(|)48
b(-)p Fj(N)11 b Fs(])46 b([-n])630 2354 y Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)26
b(the)e(top)g(en)m(try)h(from)e(the)h(directory)h(stac)m(k,)i(and)c
Fs(cd)h Ft(to)h(the)f(new)f(top)i(directory)-8 b(.)630
2464 y(When)32 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(giv)m(en,)h
Fs(popd)d Ft(remo)m(v)m(es)j(the)f(top)f(directory)h(from)f(the)g(stac)
m(k)630 2574 y(and)f(p)s(erforms)e(a)j Fs(cd)f Ft(to)h(the)f(new)g(top)
h(directory)-8 b(.)44 b(The)31 b(elemen)m(ts)i(are)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)
f(from)630 2683 y(0)d(starting)g(at)g(the)g(\014rst)f(directory)h
(listed)g(with)f Fs(dirs)p Ft(;)h(i.e.,)i Fs(popd)c Ft(is)i(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)28 b(to)f Fs(popd)630 2793 y(+0)p Ft(.)630
2938 y Fs(+)p Fj(N)384 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(es)22 b(the)f
Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)20 b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)i(from)e(the)g(left)h
(of)g(the)f(list)h(prin)m(ted)1110 3048 y(b)m(y)30 b
Fs(dirs)p Ft(\),)g(starting)h(with)f(zero.)630 3193 y
Fs(-)p Fj(N)384 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(es)46 b(the)g Fq(N)10
b Ft(th)44 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)g(of)g
(the)g(list)1110 3302 y(prin)m(ted)30 b(b)m(y)g Fs(dirs)p
Ft(\),)g(starting)h(with)f(zero.)630 3447 y Fs(-n)384
b Ft(Suppresses)27 b(the)j(normal)g(c)m(hange)g(of)g(directory)g(when)e
(remo)m(ving)j(directo-)1110 3557 y(ries)f(from)g(the)h(stac)m(k,)h(so)
f(that)g(only)f(the)h(stac)m(k)g(is)g(manipulated.)150
3720 y Fs(pushd)870 3847 y(pushd)46 b([)p Fj(dir)58 b
Fs(|)47 b(+)p Fj(N)58 b Fs(|)47 b Fj(-N)11 b Fs(])47
b([-n])630 3975 y Ft(Sa)m(v)m(e)30 b(the)e(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(on)
f(the)h(top)f(of)h(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(and)e(then)g
Fs(cd)f Ft(to)i Fq(dir)p Ft(.)630 4084 y(With)i(no)f(argumen)m(ts,)h
Fs(pushd)e Ft(exc)m(hanges)j(the)e(top)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(directories.)630
4229 y Fs(+)p Fj(N)384 b Ft(Brings)29 b(the)f Fq(N)10
b Ft(th)29 b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)e(the)g(left)i(of)e(the)h
(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110 4339 y(b)m(y)34 b Fs(dirs)p Ft(,)g(starting)h
(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)f(top)g(of)h(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i
(the)1110 4449 y(stac)m(k.)630 4594 y Fs(-)p Fj(N)384
b Ft(Brings)23 b(the)g Fq(N)10 b Ft(th)23 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)g
(from)e(the)i(righ)m(t)f(of)g(the)h(list)f(prin)m(ted)1110
4703 y(b)m(y)34 b Fs(dirs)p Ft(,)g(starting)h(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)
f(top)g(of)h(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110
4813 y(stac)m(k.)630 4958 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Suppresses)26
b(the)i(normal)h(c)m(hange)g(of)f(directory)h(when)e(adding)h
(directories)1110 5068 y(to)j(the)g(stac)m(k,)h(so)e(that)h(only)g(the)
f(stac)m(k)i(is)f(manipulated.)630 5213 y Fj(dir)336
b Ft(Mak)m(es)36 b(the)f(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)g(directory)g(b)s(e)f
(the)h(top)g(of)g(the)g(stac)m(k,)j(and)1110 5322 y(then)30
b(executes)i(the)e(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(of)f(`)p
Fs(cd)f Fq(dir)7 b Ft('.)39 b Fs(cd)p Ft(s)30 b(to)h
Fq(dir)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 79 85
TeXDict begin 79 84 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(79)150 299 y Fr(6.9)68
b(Con)l(trolling)47 b(the)e(Prompt)275 544 y Ft(The)c(v)-5
b(alue)43 b(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)38
b Ft(is)k(examined)g(just)g(b)s(efore)g(Bash)g(prin)m(ts)g(eac)m(h)150
653 y(primary)f(prompt.)73 b(If)41 b Fs(PROMPT_COMMAND)d
Ft(is)j(set)h(and)f(has)h(a)g(non-n)m(ull)f(v)-5 b(alue,)45
b(then)c(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(is)150 763 y(executed)31
b(just)f(as)h(if)f(it)h(had)f(b)s(een)f(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(on)h(the)f
(command)g(line.)275 898 y(In)d(addition,)j(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(table)
f(describ)s(es)f(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(c)m(haracters)h(whic)m(h)f(can)f
(app)s(ear)g(in)h(the)150 1008 y(prompt)g(v)-5 b(ariables:)150
1168 y Fs(\\a)384 b Ft(A)30 b(b)s(ell)h(c)m(haracter.)150
1328 y Fs(\\d)384 b Ft(The)30 b(date,)h(in)f Fs(")p Ft(W)-8
b(eekda)m(y)32 b(Mon)m(th)f(Date)p Fs(")h Ft(format)f(\(e.g.,)h
Fs(")p Ft(T)-8 b(ue)30 b(Ma)m(y)h(26)p Fs(")p Ft(\).)150
1488 y Fs(\\D{)p Fj(format)11 b Fs(})630 1598 y Ft(The)27
b Fq(format)i Ft(is)f(passed)e(to)i Fs(strftime)p Ft(\(3\))f(and)f(the)
i(result)f(is)g(inserted)g(in)m(to)h(the)g(prompt)630
1708 y(string;)42 b(an)d(empt)m(y)f Fq(format)j Ft(results)d(in)g(a)h
(lo)s(cale-sp)s(eci\014c)h(time)f(represen)m(tation.)65
b(The)630 1817 y(braces)31 b(are)f(required.)150 1977
y Fs(\\e)384 b Ft(An)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter.)150
2137 y Fs(\\h)384 b Ft(The)30 b(hostname,)h(up)e(to)i(the)g(\014rst)e
(`.'.)150 2298 y Fs(\\H)384 b Ft(The)30 b(hostname.)150
2458 y Fs(\\j)384 b Ft(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(jobs)g(curren)m
(tly)h(managed)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell.)150 2618 y Fs(\\l)384
b Ft(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f(the)h(shell's)f(terminal)h(device)g
(name.)150 2778 y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(A)30 b(newline.)150
2938 y Fs(\\r)384 b Ft(A)30 b(carriage)i(return.)150
3098 y Fs(\\s)384 b Ft(The)22 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(shell,)i(the)f
(basename)f(of)h Fs($0)f Ft(\(the)g(p)s(ortion)g(follo)m(wing)i(the)f
(\014nal)e(slash\).)150 3258 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(The)30
b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)150 3418
y Fs(\\T)384 b Ft(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)
150 3579 y Fs(\\@)384 b Ft(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(am/pm)f
(format.)150 3739 y Fs(\\A)384 b Ft(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h
(HH:MM)g(format.)150 3899 y Fs(\\u)384 b Ft(The)30 b(username)g(of)g
(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)150 4059 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(The)30
b(v)m(ersion)h(of)f(Bash)h(\(e.g.,)h(2.00\))150 4219
y Fs(\\V)384 b Ft(The)30 b(release)i(of)e(Bash,)h(v)m(ersion)g
Fs(+)f Ft(patc)m(hlev)m(el)i(\(e.g.,)h(2.00.0\))150 4379
y Fs(\\w)384 b Ft(The)30 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)h(directory)-8
b(,)31 b(with)f Fs($HOME)f Ft(abbreviated)i(with)f(a)h(tilde.)150
4539 y Fs(\\W)384 b Ft(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f Fs($PWD)p
Ft(,)g(with)g Fs($HOME)f Ft(abbreviated)h(with)g(a)h(tilde.)150
4699 y Fs(\\!)384 b Ft(The)30 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(this)f
(command.)150 4860 y Fs(\\#)384 b Ft(The)30 b(command)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)i(this)f(command.)150 5020 y Fs(\\$)384 b Ft(If)30
b(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(uid)d(is)g(0,)h Fs(#)p Ft(,)g(otherwise)g
Fs($)p Ft(.)150 5180 y Fs(\\)p Fj(nnn)288 b Ft(The)30
b(c)m(haracter)i(whose)e(ASCI)s(I)f(co)s(de)h(is)h(the)f(o)s(ctal)i(v)
-5 b(alue)31 b Fq(nnn)p Ft(.)150 5340 y Fs(\\\\)384 b
Ft(A)30 b(bac)m(kslash.)p eop end
%%Page: 80 86
TeXDict begin 80 85 bop 150 -116 a Ft(80)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(\\[)384 b Ft(Begin)38
b(a)f(sequence)g(of)g(non-prin)m(ting)g(c)m(haracters.)61
b(This)36 b(could)h(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)h(em)m(b)s(ed)g(a)630
408 y(terminal)31 b(con)m(trol)h(sequence)e(in)m(to)i(the)e(prompt.)150
561 y Fs(\\])384 b Ft(End)29 b(a)i(sequence)g(of)f(non-prin)m(ting)g(c)
m(haracters.)275 713 y(The)25 b(command)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(and)h(the)g
(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(are)i(usually)f(di\013eren)m(t:)39
b(the)26 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)150 823 y(of)h(a)f(command)h(is)f
(its)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g(the)h(history)f(list,)i(whic)m(h)f(ma)m(y)g
(include)f(commands)g(restored)g(from)150 932 y(the)39
b(history)h(\014le)f(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)h([Bash)e(History)h(F)-8
b(acilities],)45 b(page)40 b(115\),)j(while)d(the)f(command)150
1042 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)j(is)h(the)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g(the)g(sequence)h
(of)f(commands)g(executed)h(during)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(shell)150
1152 y(session.)275 1283 y(After)35 b(the)g(string)g(is)g(deco)s(ded,)h
(it)f(is)g(expanded)f(via)i(parameter)f(expansion,)i(command)d(substi-)
150 1392 y(tution,)k(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)h(remo)m(v)
-5 b(al,)39 b(sub)5 b(ject)35 b(to)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36
b(of)g(the)g Fs(promptvars)150 1502 y Ft(shell)31 b(option)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)150
1749 y Fr(6.10)68 b(The)45 b(Restricted)h(Shell)275 1989
y Ft(If)26 b(Bash)h(is)f(started)h(with)g(the)g(name)f
Fs(rbash)p Ft(,)h(or)f(the)h(`)p Fs(--restricted)p Ft(')d(or)j(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)g(supplied)150 2099 y(at)32
b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)i(the)d(shell)g(b)s(ecomes)h(restricted.)44
b(A)31 b(restricted)h(shell)f(is)g(used)g(to)h(set)f(up)f(an)i(en)m
(viron-)150 2208 y(men)m(t)26 b(more)f(con)m(trolled)i(than)e(the)h
(standard)e(shell.)40 b(A)25 b(restricted)h(shell)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g
(iden)m(tically)h(to)f Fs(bash)150 2318 y Ft(with)k(the)h(exception)g
(that)g(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(are)e(disallo)m(w)m(ed)i(or)f(not)f(p)s
(erformed:)225 2449 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Changing)30 b(directories)h(with)
g(the)f Fs(cd)g Ft(builtin.)225 2580 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Setting)31
b(or)f(unsetting)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(the)f
Fs(SHELL)p Ft(,)g Fs(PATH)p Ft(,)f Fs(ENV)p Ft(,)h(or)g
Fs(BASH_ENV)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariables.)225 2711 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(command)g(names)g(con)m(taining)i(slashes.)225
2842 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(a)h(\014lename)f(con)m
(taining)i(a)f(slash)f(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f
Fs(.)h Ft(builtin)e(command.)225 2973 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)28 b(a)i(\014lename)f(con)m(taining)h(a)g(slash)e(as)h
(an)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)f(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(hash)330 3083 y Ft(builtin)h(command.)225 3214 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Imp)s(orting)30 b(function)g(de\014nitions)g(from)f(the)i(shell)g
(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g(startup.)225 3345 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(P)m(arsing)31 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g Fs(SHELLOPTS)d
Ft(from)h(the)i(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g(startup.)225
3476 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Redirecting)31 b(output)f(using)g(the)h(`)p
Fs(>)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(>|)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(<>)p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(>&)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(&>)p Ft(',)h(and)e(`)p Fs(>>)p
Ft(')i(redirection)g(op)s(erators.)225 3607 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Using)31 b(the)f Fs(exec)f Ft(builtin)h(to)h(replace)h(the)e
(shell)h(with)f(another)h(command.)225 3738 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Adding)40 b(or)h(deleting)h(builtin)e(commands)h(with)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-f)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')h(options)g(to)h(the)f
Fs(enable)330 3847 y Ft(builtin.)225 3978 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Using)31 b(the)f Fs(enable)f Ft(builtin)h(command)g(to)h(enable)g
(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)225 4109 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(the)f
Fs(command)f Ft(builtin.)225 4240 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(T)-8
b(urning)29 b(o\013)i(restricted)g(mo)s(de)f(with)g(`)p
Fs(set)g(+r)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(set)g(+o)g(restricted)p
Ft('.)275 4393 y(These)g(restrictions)h(are)g(enforced)f(after)h(an)m
(y)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h(read.)275 4524 y(When)j(a)i(command)e
(that)i(is)f(found)f(to)h(b)s(e)g(a)g(shell)g(script)g(is)g(executed)h
(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)150 4633 y(Scripts],)25
b(page)e(32\),)j Fs(rbash)c Ft(turns)g(o\013)i(an)m(y)f(restrictions)h
(in)f(the)g(shell)h(spa)m(wned)e(to)i(execute)g(the)g(script.)150
4880 y Fr(6.11)68 b(Bash)45 b(POSIX)f(Mo)t(de)275 5121
y Ft(Starting)21 b(Bash)g(with)f(the)h(`)p Fs(--posix)p
Ft(')e(command-line)j(option)f(or)g(executing)h(`)p Fs(set)30
b(-o)f(posix)p Ft(')20 b(while)150 5230 y(Bash)26 b(is)g(running)e
(will)j(cause)f(Bash)g(to)h(conform)f(more)g(closely)h(to)g(the)f
Fl(posix)f Ft(standard)g(b)m(y)h(c)m(hanging)150 5340
y(the)31 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(to)h(matc)m(h)g(that)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m
(y)g Fl(posix)g Ft(in)g(areas)h(where)f(the)h(Bash)f(default)h
(di\013ers.)p eop end
%%Page: 81 87
TeXDict begin 81 86 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(81)275 299 y(When)30
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g Fs(sh)p Ft(,)f(Bash)h(en)m(ters)g
Fl(posix)e Ft(mo)s(de)h(after)h(reading)g(the)f(startup)g(\014les.)275
429 y(The)f(follo)m(wing)j(list)f(is)g(what's)f(c)m(hanged)h(when)e(`)p
Fl(posix)h Ft(mo)s(de')h(is)f(in)g(e\013ect:)199 560
y(1.)61 b(When)28 b(a)i(command)e(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)i(no)e
(longer)h(exists,)h(Bash)f(will)g(re-searc)m(h)h Fs($PATH)d
Ft(to)i(\014nd)330 669 y(the)i(new)e(lo)s(cation.)43
b(This)29 b(is)i(also)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(with)d(`)p
Fs(shopt)f(-s)h(checkhash)p Ft('.)199 800 y(2.)61 b(The)42
b(message)h(prin)m(ted)e(b)m(y)h(the)g(job)g(con)m(trol)i(co)s(de)e
(and)f(builtins)h(when)f(a)h(job)g(exits)h(with)f(a)330
909 y(non-zero)31 b(status)g(is)f(`Done\(status\)'.)199
1040 y(3.)61 b(The)40 b(message)h(prin)m(ted)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(job)f(con)
m(trol)h(co)s(de)g(and)f(builtins)f(when)h(a)g(job)g(is)h(stopp)s(ed)e
(is)330 1149 y(`Stopp)s(ed\()p Fq(signame)5 b Ft(\)',)31
b(where)f Fq(signame)36 b Ft(is,)31 b(for)f(example,)h
Fs(SIGTSTP)p Ft(.)199 1280 y(4.)61 b(The)27 b Fs(bg)g
Ft(builtin)g(uses)g(the)h(required)f(format)h(to)g(describ)s(e)f(eac)m
(h)i(job)e(placed)h(in)f(the)h(bac)m(kground,)330 1390
y(whic)m(h)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(include)g(an)g(indication)h(of)f(whether)f
(the)h(job)g(is)g(the)h(curren)m(t)e(or)h(previous)g(job.)199
1520 y(5.)61 b(Reserv)m(ed)40 b(w)m(ords)g(app)s(earing)f(in)h(a)g(con)
m(text)i(where)d(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ords)f(are)i(recognized)g(do)f(not)
330 1630 y(undergo)30 b(alias)h(expansion.)199 1760 y(6.)61
b(The)38 b Fl(posix)h Fs(PS1)f Ft(and)g Fs(PS2)g Ft(expansions)g(of)i
(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')f(to)g(the)g(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(and)g(`)p
Fs(!!)p Ft(')h(to)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')h(are)330 1870 y(enabled,)26
b(and)f(parameter)g(expansion)g(is)g(p)s(erformed)e(on)i(the)g(v)-5
b(alues)25 b(of)g Fs(PS1)f Ft(and)h Fs(PS2)f Ft(regardless)330
1979 y(of)31 b(the)f(setting)i(of)e(the)h Fs(promptvars)c
Ft(option.)199 2110 y(7.)61 b(The)30 b Fl(posix)g Ft(startup)f(\014les)
i(are)g(executed)g(\()p Fs($ENV)p Ft(\))f(rather)g(than)g(the)h(normal)
f(Bash)g(\014les.)199 2240 y(8.)61 b(Tilde)30 b(expansion)g(is)f(only)h
(p)s(erformed)f(on)h(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)g(a)g(command)g(name,)g
(rather)330 2350 y(than)g(on)g(all)i(assignmen)m(t)f(statemen)m(ts)h
(on)e(the)h(line.)199 2480 y(9.)61 b(The)30 b(default)g(history)h
(\014le)f(is)h(`)p Fs(~/.sh_history)p Ft(')c(\(this)k(is)f(the)g
(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f Fs($HISTFILE)p Ft(\).)154
2611 y(10.)61 b(The)23 b(output)f(of)i(`)p Fs(kill)29
b(-l)p Ft(')23 b(prin)m(ts)f(all)i(the)g(signal)f(names)g(on)g(a)h
(single)g(line,)h(separated)e(b)m(y)g(spaces,)330 2720
y(without)30 b(the)h(`)p Fs(SIG)p Ft(')f(pre\014x.)154
2851 y(11.)61 b(The)30 b Fs(kill)f Ft(builtin)h(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)
h(signal)f(names)f(with)g(a)h(`)p Fs(SIG)p Ft(')f(pre\014x.)154
2981 y(12.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)34 b(shells)c(exit)h(if)g
Fq(\014lename)k Ft(in)30 b Fs(.)g Fq(\014lename)36 b
Ft(is)31 b(not)f(found.)154 3112 y(13.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)41
b(shells)d(exit)h(if)f(a)g(syn)m(tax)g(error)g(in)f(an)h(arithmetic)h
(expansion)f(results)f(in)h(an)330 3221 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31
b(expression.)154 3352 y(14.)61 b(Redirection)25 b(op)s(erators)f(do)g
(not)g(p)s(erform)f(\014lename)h(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f(in)h
(the)g(redirection)330 3461 y(unless)30 b(the)g(shell)h(is)f(in)m
(teractiv)m(e.)154 3592 y(15.)61 b(Redirection)31 b(op)s(erators)g(do)f
(not)h(p)s(erform)e(w)m(ord)h(splitting)h(on)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(in)g
(the)g(redirection.)154 3722 y(16.)61 b(F)-8 b(unction)35
b(names)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(v)-5 b(alid)35 b(shell)f
Fs(name)p Ft(s.)52 b(That)34 b(is,)i(they)f(ma)m(y)g(not)g(con)m(tain)g
(c)m(haracters)330 3832 y(other)e(than)g(letters,)h(digits,)h(and)d
(underscores,)h(and)f(ma)m(y)h(not)g(start)h(with)e(a)h(digit.)49
b(Declaring)330 3941 y(a)31 b(function)f(with)g(an)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(name)g(causes)f(a)h(fatal)h(syn)m(tax)f(error)f(in)g
(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)154 4072 y(17.)61 b
Fl(posix)30 b Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins)e(are)i(found)e(b)s(efore)h
(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)154
4202 y(18.)61 b(If)24 b(a)g Fl(posix)g Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtin)f
(returns)f(an)h(error)g(status,)i(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e
(exits.)39 b(The)24 b(fatal)330 4312 y(errors)i(are)h(those)f(listed)h
(in)f(the)h(POSIX)e(standard,)i(and)f(include)g(things)g(lik)m(e)i
(passing)e(incorrect)330 4422 y(options,)43 b(redirection)d(errors,)i
(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(assignmen)m(t)g(errors)e(for)g(assignmen)m(ts)i
(preceding)f(the)330 4531 y(command)30 b(name,)h(and)f(so)g(on.)154
4662 y(19.)61 b(If)34 b Fs(CDPATH)f Ft(is)h(set,)i(the)f
Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)g(will)g(not)h(implicitly)h(app)s(end)c(the)j
(curren)m(t)f(directory)h(to)g(it.)330 4771 y(This)29
b(means)g(that)h Fs(cd)f Ft(will)h(fail)g(if)g(no)f(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(directory)g(name)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(constructed)h(from)f(an)m
(y)h(of)330 4881 y(the)i(en)m(tries)g(in)f Fs($CDPATH)p
Ft(,)e(ev)m(en)j(if)g(the)f(a)h(directory)g(with)f(the)g(same)h(name)f
(as)h(the)g(name)f(giv)m(en)330 4990 y(as)g(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g
Fs(cd)f Ft(exists)h(in)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(directory)-8
b(.)154 5121 y(20.)61 b(A)31 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(exits)h
(with)e(an)h(error)g(status)g(if)g(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(assignmen)m(t)g(error)e(o)s(ccurs)330 5230 y(when)38
b(no)h(command)g(name)g(follo)m(ws)i(the)e(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m
(ts.)69 b(A)39 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(t)330
5340 y(error)30 b(o)s(ccurs,)g(for)g(example,)i(when)d(trying)i(to)g
(assign)f(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(a)g(readonly)f(v)-5
b(ariable.)p eop end
%%Page: 82 88
TeXDict begin 82 87 bop 150 -116 a Ft(82)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)154 299 y(21.)61 b(A)43 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m
(e)i(shell)e(exits)h(with)f(an)f(error)h(status)g(if)g(the)g(iteration)
h(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(in)f(a)g Fs(for)330 408 y Ft(statemen)m(t)32
b(or)f(the)f(selection)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(in)e(a)g
Fs(select)f Ft(statemen)m(t)j(is)f(a)f(readonly)h(v)-5
b(ariable.)154 547 y(22.)61 b(Pro)s(cess)30 b(substitution)g(is)h(not)f
(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)154 685 y(23.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)23
b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)e Fl(posix)f Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(builtins)f(p)s
(ersist)g(in)f(the)i(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330 795
y(after)31 b(the)f(builtin)g(completes.)154 933 y(24.)61
b(Assignmen)m(t)35 b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(shell)f(function)g
(calls)i(p)s(ersist)e(in)g(the)h(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330
1043 y(after)d(the)f(function)h(returns,)e(as)i(if)f(a)h
Fl(posix)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)i(builtin)f(command)g(had)g(b)s(een)g
(executed.)154 1181 y(25.)61 b(The)38 b Fs(export)f Ft(and)g
Fs(readonly)f Ft(builtin)i(commands)g(displa)m(y)h(their)f(output)g(in)
g(the)h(format)g(re-)330 1291 y(quired)30 b(b)m(y)g Fl(posix)p
Ft(.)154 1429 y(26.)61 b(The)30 b Fs(trap)f Ft(builtin)h(displa)m(ys)g
(signal)i(names)e(without)g(the)h(leading)g Fs(SIG)p
Ft(.)154 1568 y(27.)61 b(The)39 b Fs(trap)e Ft(builtin)i(do)s(esn't)g
(c)m(hec)m(k)h(the)g(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)i(for)e(a)i(p)s(ossible)e
(signal)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)330 1677 y(and)30 b(rev)m(ert)i(the)e
(signal)i(handling)e(to)h(the)g(original)h(disp)s(osition)e(if)h(it)g
(is,)g(unless)f(that)h(argumen)m(t)330 1787 y(consists)e(solely)g(of)g
(digits)g(and)f(is)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(signal)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)38
b(If)28 b(users)g(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)g(reset)g(the)g(handler)330
1897 y(for)h(a)g(giv)m(en)h(signal)g(to)f(the)h(original)g(disp)s
(osition,)f(they)g(should)f(use)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(')g(as)g(the)g(\014rst)
f(argumen)m(t.)154 2035 y(28.)61 b(The)21 b Fs(.)h Ft(and)f
Fs(source)f Ft(builtins)h(do)g(not)h(searc)m(h)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f
(directory)h(for)g(the)g(\014lename)f(argumen)m(t)330
2145 y(if)30 b(it)h(is)g(not)f(found)f(b)m(y)i(searc)m(hing)g
Fs(PATH)p Ft(.)154 2283 y(29.)61 b(Subshells)20 b(spa)m(wned)h(to)h
(execute)g(command)g(substitutions)f(inherit)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)22 b(of)g(the)f(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option)330
2393 y(from)34 b(the)h(paren)m(t)g(shell.)55 b(When)34
b(not)i(in)e Fl(posix)g Ft(mo)s(de,)i(Bash)f(clears)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')f(option)i(in)e(suc)m(h)330 2502 y(subshells.)154
2641 y(30.)61 b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(is)f(alw)m(a)m(ys)i(enabled,)e
(ev)m(en)i(in)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)154 2779
y(31.)61 b(When)43 b(the)g Fs(alias)f Ft(builtin)g(displa)m(ys)i(alias)
g(de\014nitions,)i(it)d(do)s(es)g(not)g(displa)m(y)h(them)f(with)g(a)
330 2889 y(leading)31 b(`)p Fs(alias)e Ft(')i(unless)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)g(supplied.)154 3027 y(32.)61
b(When)40 b(the)g Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(without)f(options,)j(it)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(displa)m(y)g(shell)g
(function)330 3137 y(names)30 b(and)g(de\014nitions.)154
3275 y(33.)61 b(When)36 b(the)g Fs(set)g Ft(builtin)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)
m(ed)i(without)e(options,)i(it)f(displa)m(ys)f(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(without)330 3385 y(quotes,)26 b(unless)d(they)i
(con)m(tain)g(shell)f(metac)m(haracters,)k(ev)m(en)d(if)f(the)g(result)
g(con)m(tains)i(nonprin)m(ting)330 3494 y(c)m(haracters.)154
3633 y(34.)61 b(When)35 b(the)g Fs(cd)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)i(in)d Fq(logical)41 b Ft(mo)s(de,)36 b(and)f(the)g(pathname)g
(constructed)g(from)330 3742 y Fs($PWD)i Ft(and)h(the)h(directory)f
(name)h(supplied)e(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(refer)h(to)g
(an)f(existing)330 3852 y(directory)-8 b(,)32 b Fs(cd)d
Ft(will)i(fail)g(instead)g(of)f(falling)h(bac)m(k)h(to)f
Fq(ph)m(ysical)j Ft(mo)s(de.)154 3990 y(35.)61 b(When)20
b(the)h Fs(pwd)e Ft(builtin)h(is)g(supplied)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(-P)p Ft(')g(option,)j(it)e(resets)g Fs($PWD)e Ft(to)i(a)g(pathname)f
(con)m(taining)330 4100 y(no)30 b(symlinks.)154 4238
y(36.)61 b(The)36 b Fs(pwd)f Ft(builtin)h(v)m(eri\014es)h(that)g(the)f
(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(it)g(prin)m(ts)e(is)i(the)f(same)h(as)f(the)h(curren)
m(t)f(directory)-8 b(,)330 4348 y(ev)m(en)31 b(if)f(it)h(is)g(not)f
(ask)m(ed)h(to)g(c)m(hec)m(k)h(the)f(\014le)f(system)h(with)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-P)p Ft(')f(option.)154 4486 y(37.)61 b(When)35 b(listing)g(the)g
(history)-8 b(,)36 b(the)f Fs(fc)g Ft(builtin)f(do)s(es)g(not)h
(include)g(an)f(indication)i(of)f(whether)f(or)330 4596
y(not)d(a)f(history)h(en)m(try)f(has)g(b)s(een)g(mo)s(di\014ed.)154
4734 y(38.)61 b(The)30 b(default)g(editor)h(used)f(b)m(y)g
Fs(fc)g Ft(is)g Fs(ed)p Ft(.)154 4873 y(39.)61 b(The)37
b Fs(type)g Ft(and)g Fs(command)f Ft(builtins)i(will)g(not)g(rep)s(ort)
f(a)i(non-executable)g(\014le)f(as)g(ha)m(ving)h(b)s(een)330
4982 y(found,)26 b(though)h(the)g(shell)g(will)g(attempt)h(to)g
(execute)g(suc)m(h)f(a)g(\014le)g(if)g(it)g(is)g(the)g(only)g(so-named)
g(\014le)330 5092 y(found)i(in)h Fs($PATH)p Ft(.)154
5230 y(40.)61 b(The)33 b Fs(vi)f Ft(editing)i(mo)s(de)f(will)g(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(e)i(the)e Fs(vi)g Ft(editor)h(directly)f(when)f(the)i(`)p
Fs(v)p Ft(')f(command)g(is)g(run,)330 5340 y(instead)e(of)f(c)m(hec)m
(king)i Fs($FCEDIT)d Ft(and)g Fs($EDITOR)p Ft(.)p eop
end
%%Page: 83 89
TeXDict begin 83 88 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(83)154 299 y(41.)61
b(When)41 b(the)g Fs(xpg_echo)e Ft(option)i(is)g(enabled,)j(Bash)d(do)s
(es)g(not)g(attempt)h(to)g(in)m(terpret)f(an)m(y)h(ar-)330
408 y(gumen)m(ts)35 b(to)g Fs(echo)e Ft(as)i(options.)54
b(Eac)m(h)35 b(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)j(after)e(escap)s(e)
g(c)m(haracters)h(are)330 518 y(con)m(v)m(erted.)275
677 y(There)e(is)g(other)h Fl(posix)f Ft(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(that)g(Bash)g
(do)s(es)f(not)h(implemen)m(t)g(b)m(y)g(default)f(ev)m(en)i(when)d(in)
150 787 y Fl(posix)d Ft(mo)s(de.)40 b(Sp)s(eci\014cally:)199
922 y(1.)61 b(The)30 b Fs(fc)f Ft(builtin)h(c)m(hec)m(ks)i
Fs($EDITOR)c Ft(as)j(a)f(program)g(to)h(edit)g(history)f(en)m(tries)h
(if)f Fs(FCEDIT)f Ft(is)h(unset,)330 1031 y(rather)g(than)g(defaulting)
h(directly)g(to)g Fs(ed)p Ft(.)40 b Fs(fc)30 b Ft(uses)g
Fs(ed)g Ft(if)g Fs(EDITOR)f Ft(is)h(unset.)199 1166 y(2.)61
b(As)29 b(noted)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(Bash)e(requires)g(the)g
Fs(xpg_echo)e Ft(option)j(to)g(b)s(e)e(enabled)h(for)g(the)g
Fs(echo)f Ft(builtin)330 1275 y(to)j(b)s(e)f(fully)g(conforman)m(t.)275
1435 y(Bash)66 b(can)h(b)s(e)f(con\014gured)g(to)i(b)s(e)e
Fl(posix)p Ft(-conforman)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(default,)77 b(b)m(y)66
b(sp)s(ecifying)h(the)150 1544 y(`)p Fs(--enable-strict-posix-def)o
(ault)o Ft(')i(to)76 b Fs(configure)c Ft(when)i(building)g(\(see)i
(Section)f(10.8)150 1654 y([Optional)31 b(F)-8 b(eatures],)32
b(page)f(123\).)p eop end
%%Page: 84 90
TeXDict begin 84 89 bop 150 -116 a Ft(84)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 85 91
TeXDict begin 85 90 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2571 b(85)150 299 y Fo(7)80 b(Job)54
b(Con)l(trol)275 516 y Ft(This)34 b(c)m(hapter)i(discusses)f(what)g
(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is,)g(ho)m(w)e(it)h(w)m(orks,)h(and)e(ho)m(w)g
(Bash)h(allo)m(ws)g(y)m(ou)g(to)150 625 y(access)c(its)e(facilities.)
150 873 y Fr(7.1)68 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)h(Basics)275
1113 y Ft(Job)30 b(con)m(trol)j(refers)e(to)h(the)g(abilit)m(y)g(to)g
(selectiv)m(ely)j(stop)c(\(susp)s(end\))f(the)h(execution)i(of)e(pro)s
(cesses)150 1223 y(and)24 b(con)m(tin)m(ue)i(\(resume\))f(their)g
(execution)h(at)f(a)h(later)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)39 b(A)25
b(user)f(t)m(ypically)j(emplo)m(ys)e(this)g(facilit)m(y)150
1332 y(via)31 b(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(in)m(terface)f(supplied)e
(join)m(tly)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(system's)f(terminal)h(driv)m(er)f(and)g
(Bash.)275 1464 y(The)23 b(shell)i(asso)s(ciates)h(a)f
Fq(job)h Ft(with)e(eac)m(h)i(pip)s(eline.)38 b(It)25
b(k)m(eeps)f(a)h(table)h(of)e(curren)m(tly)h(executing)g(jobs,)150
1573 y(whic)m(h)33 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(listed)h(with)f(the)h
Fs(jobs)f Ft(command.)50 b(When)33 b(Bash)h(starts)g(a)g(job)g(async)m
(hronously)-8 b(,)34 b(it)150 1683 y(prin)m(ts)c(a)h(line)f(that)h(lo)s
(oks)g(lik)m(e:)390 1814 y Fs([1])47 b(25647)150 1945
y Ft(indicating)34 b(that)g(this)f(job)g(is)g(job)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(1)i(and)f(that)g(the)h(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)g Ft(of)g(the)h(last)g(pro)s
(cess)f(in)g(the)150 2054 y(pip)s(eline)42 b(asso)s(ciated)i(with)e
(this)g(job)g(is)h(25647.)78 b(All)43 b(of)g(the)g(pro)s(cesses)f(in)g
(a)h(single)g(pip)s(eline)f(are)150 2164 y(mem)m(b)s(ers)30
b(of)g(the)h(same)f(job.)41 b(Bash)30 b(uses)g(the)h
Fq(job)h Ft(abstraction)f(as)g(the)g(basis)f(for)g(job)g(con)m(trol.)
275 2295 y(T)-8 b(o)23 b(facilitate)j(the)d(implemen)m(tation)i(of)f
(the)f(user)f(in)m(terface)j(to)f(job)f(con)m(trol,)j(the)d(op)s
(erating)h(system)150 2405 y(main)m(tains)j(the)f(notion)h(of)f(a)g
(curren)m(t)g(terminal)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g Fl(id)p
Ft(.)39 b(Mem)m(b)s(ers)26 b(of)g(this)g(pro)s(cess)f(group)150
2514 y(\(pro)s(cesses)h(whose)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g
Fl(id)g Ft(is)h(equal)g(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(terminal)h(pro)s(cess)f
(group)f Fl(id)p Ft(\))i(receiv)m(e)150 2624 y(k)m(eyb)s
(oard-generated)22 b(signals)g(suc)m(h)e(as)h Fs(SIGINT)p
Ft(.)36 b(These)21 b(pro)s(cesses)g(are)g(said)g(to)g(b)s(e)g(in)f(the)
h(foreground.)150 2733 y(Bac)m(kground)38 b(pro)s(cesses)f(are)h(those)
g(whose)f(pro)s(cess)g(group)g Fl(id)h Ft(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)g
(terminal's;)42 b(suc)m(h)150 2843 y(pro)s(cesses)24
b(are)g(imm)m(une)g(to)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)h(signals.)40
b(Only)23 b(foreground)g(pro)s(cesses)h(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)150
2953 y(to)35 b(read)f(from)f(or)h(write)g(to)h(the)f(terminal.)52
b(Bac)m(kground)34 b(pro)s(cesses)g(whic)m(h)g(attempt)h(to)g(read)e
(from)150 3062 y(\(write)e(to\))g(the)g(terminal)g(are)g(sen)m(t)g(a)f
Fs(SIGTTIN)f Ft(\()p Fs(SIGTTOU)p Ft(\))g(signal)i(b)m(y)f(the)h
(terminal)g(driv)m(er,)f(whic)m(h,)150 3172 y(unless)g(caugh)m(t,)h
(susp)s(ends)d(the)j(pro)s(cess.)275 3303 y(If)j(the)i(op)s(erating)g
(system)f(on)h(whic)m(h)f(Bash)g(is)h(running)d(supp)s(orts)h(job)h
(con)m(trol,)j(Bash)e(con)m(tains)150 3412 y(facilities)30
b(to)f(use)f(it.)40 b(T)m(yping)28 b(the)g Fq(susp)s(end)h
Ft(c)m(haracter)h(\(t)m(ypically)g(`)p Fs(^Z)p Ft(',)f(Con)m(trol-Z\))g
(while)f(a)g(pro)s(cess)150 3522 y(is)42 b(running)f(causes)i(that)g
(pro)s(cess)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(stopp)s(ed)f(and)h(returns)f(con)m(trol)j
(to)f(Bash.)77 b(T)m(yping)42 b(the)150 3632 y Fq(dela)m(y)m(ed)k(susp)
s(end)f Ft(c)m(haracter)h(\(t)m(ypically)g(`)p Fs(^Y)p
Ft(',)i(Con)m(trol-Y\))e(causes)e(the)h(pro)s(cess)e(to)i(b)s(e)f
(stopp)s(ed)150 3741 y(when)26 b(it)i(attempts)h(to)f(read)f(input)g
(from)f(the)i(terminal,)h(and)e(con)m(trol)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(returned)f
(to)j(Bash.)39 b(The)150 3851 y(user)e(then)g(manipulates)h(the)g
(state)h(of)f(this)f(job,)j(using)d(the)h Fs(bg)f Ft(command)g(to)h
(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(it)f(in)g(the)150 3960 y(bac)m(kground,)g(the)f
Fs(fg)g Ft(command)f(to)i(con)m(tin)m(ue)g(it)f(in)f(the)h(foreground,)
h(or)f(the)g Fs(kill)f Ft(command)g(to)150 4070 y(kill)27
b(it.)40 b(A)27 b(`)p Fs(^Z)p Ft(')g(tak)m(es)h(e\013ect)g(immediately)
-8 b(,)29 b(and)d(has)h(the)f(additional)i(side)e(e\013ect)j(of)d
(causing)h(p)s(ending)150 4180 y(output)j(and)g(t)m(yp)s(eahead)h(to)g
(b)s(e)e(discarded.)275 4311 y(There)j(are)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(w)m(a)m(ys)g(to)h(refer)e(to)h(a)g(job)f(in)g(the)h(shell.)47
b(The)32 b(c)m(haracter)i(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')f(in)m(tro)s(duces)150
4420 y(a)e(job)f(name.)275 4551 y(Job)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
Fs(n)h Ft(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(referred)g(to)h(as)g(`)p Fs(\045n)p
Ft('.)44 b(The)31 b(sym)m(b)s(ols)g(`)p Fs(\045\045)p
Ft(')h(and)f(`)p Fs(\045+)p Ft(')g(refer)h(to)g(the)g(shell's)150
4661 y(notion)k(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(job,)h(whic)m(h)f(is)g(the)g
(last)h(job)f(stopp)s(ed)f(while)h(it)h(w)m(as)g(in)e(the)i(foreground)
e(or)150 4771 y(started)27 b(in)g(the)g(bac)m(kground.)40
b(A)27 b(single)g(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(')g(\(with)g(no)g(accompan)m(ying)i
(job)d(sp)s(eci\014cation\))i(also)g(refers)150 4880
y(to)j(the)e(curren)m(t)h(job.)40 b(The)30 b(previous)f(job)g(ma)m(y)i
(b)s(e)e(referenced)h(using)f(`)p Fs(\045-)p Ft('.)40
b(In)29 b(output)h(p)s(ertaining)f(to)150 4990 y(jobs)k(\(e.g.,)j(the)d
(output)g(of)h(the)f Fs(jobs)f Ft(command\),)j(the)e(curren)m(t)h(job)f
(is)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)i(\015agged)f(with)f(a)h(`)p Fs(+)p
Ft(',)150 5099 y(and)c(the)g(previous)g(job)g(with)g(a)h(`)p
Fs(-)p Ft('.)275 5230 y(A)38 b(job)g(ma)m(y)h(also)g(b)s(e)f(referred)f
(to)j(using)d(a)i(pre\014x)e(of)i(the)f(name)h(used)e(to)i(start)g(it,)
i(or)e(using)f(a)150 5340 y(substring)29 b(that)i(app)s(ears)f(in)g
(its)h(command)f(line.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)g(`)p
Fs(\045ce)p Ft(')f(refers)g(to)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e Fs(ce)h
Ft(job.)p eop end
%%Page: 86 92
TeXDict begin 86 91 bop 150 -116 a Ft(86)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y(Using)c(`)p Fs(\045?ce)p
Ft(',)g(on)f(the)h(other)g(hand,)g(refers)f(to)h(an)m(y)g(job)g(con)m
(taining)h(the)f(string)f(`)p Fs(ce)p Ft(')h(in)f(its)h(command)150
408 y(line.)41 b(If)30 b(the)h(pre\014x)e(or)h(substring)f(matc)m(hes)j
(more)e(than)h(one)f(job,)h(Bash)f(rep)s(orts)g(an)g(error.)275
544 y(Simply)g(naming)h(a)g(job)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)h(to)g(bring)f(it)
i(in)m(to)g(the)f(foreground:)41 b(`)p Fs(\0451)p Ft(')31
b(is)g(a)h(synon)m(ym)e(for)150 654 y(`)p Fs(fg)g(\0451)p
Ft(',)i(bringing)f(job)g(1)g(from)g(the)h(bac)m(kground)f(in)m(to)i
(the)e(foreground.)44 b(Similarly)-8 b(,)32 b(`)p Fs(\0451)e(&)p
Ft(')i(resumes)150 763 y(job)e(1)h(in)f(the)g(bac)m(kground,)h(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(`)p Fs(bg)f(\0451)p Ft(')275 899
y(The)g(shell)i(learns)f(immediately)i(whenev)m(er)e(a)h(job)f(c)m
(hanges)h(state.)45 b(Normally)-8 b(,)33 b(Bash)e(w)m(aits)i(un)m(til)
150 1009 y(it)25 b(is)g(ab)s(out)f(to)i(prin)m(t)e(a)h(prompt)f(b)s
(efore)g(rep)s(orting)h(c)m(hanges)g(in)g(a)g(job's)f(status)h(so)g(as)
g(to)g(not)g(in)m(terrupt)150 1119 y(an)m(y)g(other)g(output.)39
b(If)24 b(the)i(`)p Fs(-b)p Ft(')e(option)i(to)f(the)g
Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(enabled,)h(Bash)f(rep)s(orts)f(suc)m(h)h(c)m
(hanges)150 1228 y(immediately)31 b(\(see)f(Section)g(4.3)g([The)f(Set)
h(Builtin],)g(page)g(53\).)42 b(An)m(y)29 b(trap)g(on)g
Fs(SIGCHLD)f Ft(is)h(executed)150 1338 y(for)h(eac)m(h)i(c)m(hild)e
(pro)s(cess)g(that)h(exits.)275 1474 y(If)k(an)h(attempt)h(to)g(exit)g
(Bash)g(is)f(made)g(while)g(jobs)g(are)g(stopp)s(ed,)h(the)f(shell)h
(prin)m(ts)e(a)i(message)150 1583 y(w)m(arning)26 b(that)h(there)f(are)
g(stopp)s(ed)g(jobs.)38 b(The)26 b Fs(jobs)f Ft(command)h(ma)m(y)h
(then)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(to)i(insp)s(ect)f(their)150 1693
y(status.)57 b(If)35 b(a)h(second)g(attempt)g(to)h(exit)f(is)g(made)g
(without)f(an)h(in)m(terv)m(ening)h(command,)f(Bash)g(do)s(es)150
1802 y(not)31 b(prin)m(t)f(another)g(w)m(arning,)h(and)e(the)i(stopp)s
(ed)e(jobs)h(are)h(terminated.)150 2063 y Fr(7.2)68 b(Job)45
b(Con)l(trol)h(Builtins)150 2308 y Fs(bg)870 2443 y(bg)h([)p
Fj(jobspec)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 2578 y Ft(Resume)24 b(eac)m(h)h(susp)s
(ended)d(job)i Fq(jobsp)s(ec)29 b Ft(in)24 b(the)g(bac)m(kground,)h(as)
g(if)f(it)h(had)e(b)s(een)g(started)630 2688 y(with)32
b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft('.)45 b(If)31 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)37 b Ft(is)32
b(not)g(supplied,)f(the)h(curren)m(t)g(job)f(is)h(used.)45
b(The)31 b(return)g(status)630 2797 y(is)i(zero)g(unless)f(it)h(is)g
(run)e(when)h(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f(not)g(enabled,)h(or,)f(when)f
(run)f(with)h(job)630 2907 y(con)m(trol)h(enabled,)g(an)m(y)f
Fq(jobsp)s(ec)37 b Ft(w)m(as)32 b(not)g(found)f(or)g(sp)s(eci\014es)h
(a)g(job)g(that)g(w)m(as)g(started)630 3017 y(without)e(job)g(con)m
(trol.)150 3177 y Fs(fg)870 3312 y(fg)47 b([)p Fj(jobspec)11
b Fs(])630 3448 y Ft(Resume)43 b(the)g(job)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)48
b Ft(in)43 b(the)g(foreground)g(and)f(mak)m(e)j(it)e(the)h(curren)m(t)f
(job.)78 b(If)630 3557 y Fq(jobsp)s(ec)41 b Ft(is)c(not)f(supplied,)h
(the)f(curren)m(t)h(job)f(is)g(used.)58 b(The)36 b(return)f(status)h
(is)h(that)g(of)630 3667 y(the)d(command)g(placed)h(in)m(to)g(the)f
(foreground,)g(or)g(non-zero)h(if)f(run)f(when)g(job)g(con)m(trol)630
3776 y(is)i(disabled)g(or,)i(when)d(run)g(with)h(job)g(con)m(trol)h
(enabled,)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(do)s(es)35 b(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)630
3886 y(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(job)f(or)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)35 b
Ft(sp)s(eci\014es)30 b(a)h(job)f(that)h(w)m(as)g(started)g(without)f
(job)g(con)m(trol.)150 4047 y Fs(jobs)870 4182 y(jobs)47
b([-lnprs])e([)p Fj(jobspec)11 b Fs(])870 4291 y(jobs)47
b(-x)g Fj(command)56 b Fs([)p Fj(arguments)11 b Fs(])630
4427 y Ft(The)30 b(\014rst)f(form)h(lists)h(the)g(activ)m(e)h(jobs.)41
b(The)30 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
4587 y Fs(-l)384 b Ft(List)31 b(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)p
Ft(s)g(in)g(addition)h(to)g(the)f(normal)h(information.)630
4748 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(Displa)m(y)26 b(information)f(only)h(ab)s(out)e
(jobs)h(that)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(c)m(hanged)e(status)h(since)1110
4858 y(the)31 b(user)e(w)m(as)i(last)g(noti\014ed)f(of)h(their)f
(status.)630 5018 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(List)31 b(only)f(the)h(pro)s(cess)f
Fl(id)g Ft(of)h(the)f(job's)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g(leader.)630
5179 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Restrict)31 b(output)f(to)i(running)c(jobs.)630
5340 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(Restrict)31 b(output)f(to)i(stopp)s(ed)d(jobs.)p
eop end
%%Page: 87 93
TeXDict begin 87 92 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2571 b(87)630 299 y(If)23 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)28
b Ft(is)c(giv)m(en,)i(output)d(is)h(restricted)g(to)g(information)g(ab)
s(out)f(that)h(job.)39 b(If)23 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)630 408
y Ft(is)30 b(not)h(supplied,)e(the)i(status)g(of)f(all)h(jobs)f(is)h
(listed.)630 552 y(If)g(the)g(`)p Fs(-x)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f
(supplied,)g Fs(jobs)f Ft(replaces)i(an)m(y)f Fq(jobsp)s(ec)37
b Ft(found)29 b(in)i Fq(command)k Ft(or)630 662 y Fq(argumen)m(ts)41
b Ft(with)c(the)h(corresp)s(onding)e(pro)s(cess)h(group)f
Fl(id)p Ft(,)k(and)c(executes)j Fq(command)p Ft(,)630
771 y(passing)30 b(it)h Fq(argumen)m(t)r Ft(s,)g(returning)f(its)g
(exit)i(status.)150 949 y Fs(kill)870 1093 y(kill)47
b([-s)g Fj(sigspec)11 b Fs(])45 b([-n)i Fj(signum)11
b Fs(])45 b([-)p Fj(sigspec)11 b Fs(])44 b Fj(jobspec)57
b Fs(or)47 b Fj(pid)870 1202 y Fs(kill)g(-l)g([)p Fj(exit_status)11
b Fs(])630 1346 y Ft(Send)22 b(a)i(signal)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g
Fq(sigsp)s(ec)29 b Ft(or)24 b Fq(sign)m(um)f Ft(to)h(the)g(pro)s(cess)f
(named)g(b)m(y)g(job)g(sp)s(eci\014-)630 1456 y(cation)k
Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(or)25 b(pro)s(cess)g Fl(id)h Fq(pid)p
Ft(.)38 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)31 b Ft(is)25 b(either)h(a)g(case-insensitiv)m
(e)i(signal)e(name)630 1565 y(suc)m(h)k(as)h Fs(SIGINT)d
Ft(\(with)j(or)f(without)h(the)f Fs(SIG)g Ft(pre\014x\))f(or)i(a)f
(signal)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er;)f Fq(sign)m(um)g Ft(is)630
1675 y(a)i(signal)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)43 b(If)31 b Fq(sigsp)s(ec)37
b Ft(and)31 b Fq(sign)m(um)g Ft(are)h(not)f(presen)m(t,)h
Fs(SIGTERM)e Ft(is)h(used.)43 b(The)630 1785 y(`)p Fs(-l)p
Ft(')34 b(option)g(lists)h(the)f(signal)h(names.)51 b(If)33
b(an)m(y)i(argumen)m(ts)f(are)g(supplied)f(when)g(`)p
Fs(-l)p Ft(')h(is)630 1894 y(giv)m(en,)e(the)g(names)e(of)i(the)f
(signals)g(corresp)s(onding)f(to)i(the)f(argumen)m(ts)g(are)h(listed,)g
(and)630 2004 y(the)c(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero.)41
b Fq(exit)p 1796 2004 28 4 v 41 w(status)32 b Ft(is)c(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(sp)s(ecifying)g(a)i(signal)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(or)630
2113 y(the)35 b(exit)h(status)f(of)g(a)g(pro)s(cess)g(terminated)g(b)m
(y)g(a)g(signal.)55 b(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)g(zero)630
2223 y(if)c(at)h(least)g(one)g(signal)f(w)m(as)h(successfully)f(sen)m
(t,)h(or)f(non-zero)h(if)f(an)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs)h(or)g(an)630
2333 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f(encoun)m(tered.)150
2510 y Fs(wait)870 2654 y(wait)47 b([)p Fj(jobspec)56
b Fs(or)47 b Fj(pid)57 b Fs(...])630 2798 y Ft(W)-8 b(ait)28
b(un)m(til)f(the)f(c)m(hild)h(pro)s(cess)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m(y)g
(eac)m(h)h(pro)s(cess)f Fl(id)h Fq(pid)i Ft(or)d(job)g(sp)s
(eci\014cation)630 2907 y Fq(jobsp)s(ec)40 b Ft(exits)35
b(and)f(return)g(the)g(exit)i(status)f(of)g(the)g(last)g(command)f(w)m
(aited)i(for.)53 b(If)35 b(a)630 3017 y(job)g(sp)s(ec)f(is)h(giv)m(en,)
i(all)f(pro)s(cesses)f(in)f(the)h(job)g(are)g(w)m(aited)h(for.)54
b(If)35 b(no)f(argumen)m(ts)i(are)630 3127 y(giv)m(en,)d(all)f(curren)m
(tly)f(activ)m(e)i(c)m(hild)f(pro)s(cesses)f(are)g(w)m(aited)h(for,)g
(and)e(the)i(return)e(status)630 3236 y(is)h(zero.)44
b(If)30 b(neither)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)36 b Ft(nor)31 b Fq(pid)i
Ft(sp)s(eci\014es)e(an)g(activ)m(e)i(c)m(hild)f(pro)s(cess)e(of)h(the)g
(shell,)630 3346 y(the)g(return)e(status)i(is)f(127.)150
3524 y Fs(disown)870 3667 y(disown)46 b([-ar])g([-h])h([)p
Fj(jobspec)56 b Fs(...)o(])630 3811 y Ft(Without)32 b(options,)g(eac)m
(h)h Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(is)c(remo)m(v)m(ed)g(from)f(the)h(table)g(of)g
(activ)m(e)h(jobs.)44 b(If)31 b(the)630 3921 y(`)p Fs(-h)p
Ft(')36 b(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)i(the)e(job)f(is)h(not)f(remo)m(v)m
(ed)i(from)e(the)h(table,)i(but)d(is)g(mark)m(ed)h(so)630
4030 y(that)d Fs(SIGHUP)d Ft(is)j(not)f(sen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f(job)g(if)g
(the)h(shell)f(receiv)m(es)i(a)f Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)47
b(If)33 b Fq(jobsp)s(ec)38 b Ft(is)630 4140 y(not)32
b(presen)m(t,)f(and)g(neither)h(the)f(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')g(nor)g(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)g(supplied,)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(job)g(is)
630 4249 y(used.)58 b(If)36 b(no)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)41 b
Ft(is)36 b(supplied,)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(')f(option)h(means)f(to)h
(remo)m(v)m(e)h(or)e(mark)g(all)630 4359 y(jobs;)28 b(the)f(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)g(without)g(a)g Fq(jobsp)s(ec)32
b Ft(argumen)m(t)27 b(restricts)h(op)s(eration)f(to)h(running)630
4468 y(jobs.)150 4646 y Fs(suspend)870 4790 y(suspend)46
b([-f])630 4934 y Ft(Susp)s(end)28 b(the)i(execution)i(of)f(this)f
(shell)g(un)m(til)h(it)g(receiv)m(es)h(a)f Fs(SIGCONT)e
Ft(signal.)41 b(The)30 b(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')630 5043 y(option)h(means)f
(to)h(susp)s(end)d(ev)m(en)j(if)g(the)f(shell)h(is)f(a)h(login)g
(shell.)275 5230 y(When)f(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is)e(not)h(activ)m(e,)i
(the)d Fs(kill)f Ft(and)h Fs(wait)f Ft(builtins)g(do)h(not)h(accept)h
Fq(jobsp)s(ec)j Ft(argu-)150 5340 y(men)m(ts.)41 b(They)30
b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(supplied)f(pro)s(cess)h Fl(id)p Ft(s.)p
eop end
%%Page: 88 94
TeXDict begin 88 93 bop 150 -116 a Ft(88)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(7.3)68 b(Job)45
b(Con)l(trol)h(V)-11 b(ariables)150 543 y Fs(auto_resume)630
653 y Ft(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(con)m(trols)g(ho)m(w)g(the)f
(shell)h(in)m(teracts)h(with)e(the)h(user)e(and)h(job)g(con)m(trol.)45
b(If)630 762 y(this)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(exists)f(then)f(single)h
(w)m(ord)f(simple)h(commands)f(without)g(redirections)i(are)630
872 y(treated)h(as)g(candidates)f(for)g(resumption)g(of)g(an)g
(existing)h(job.)41 b(There)29 b(is)h(no)h(am)m(biguit)m(y)630
981 y(allo)m(w)m(ed;)f(if)d(there)g(is)g(more)g(than)f(one)h(job)g(b)s
(eginning)f(with)g(the)h(string)g(t)m(yp)s(ed,)g(then)g(the)630
1091 y(most)j(recen)m(tly)h(accessed)f(job)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(selected.)
42 b(The)29 b(name)g(of)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e(job,)i(in)f(this)630
1200 y(con)m(text,)h(is)e(the)g(command)g(line)g(used)f(to)h(start)g
(it.)41 b(If)27 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)e(v)-5
b(alue)630 1310 y(`)p Fs(exact)p Ft(',)33 b(the)g(string)g(supplied)f
(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)g(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)g(stopp)s(ed)f(job)h
(exactly;)j(if)630 1420 y(set)29 b(to)h(`)p Fs(substring)p
Ft(',)d(the)i(string)g(supplied)e(needs)i(to)g(matc)m(h)h(a)f
(substring)f(of)h(the)g(name)630 1529 y(of)38 b(a)f(stopp)s(ed)g(job.)
62 b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(substring)p Ft(')e(v)-5 b(alue)38
b(pro)m(vides)f(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)630
1639 y(the)f(`)p Fs(\045?)p Ft(')f(job)h Fl(id)f Ft(\(see)i(Section)f
(7.1)h([Job)f(Con)m(trol)g(Basics],)j(page)d(85\).)64
b(If)37 b(set)h(to)h(an)m(y)630 1748 y(other)32 b(v)-5
b(alue,)32 b(the)g(supplied)e(string)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(a)h(pre\014x)f
(of)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e(job's)i(name;)g(this)630 1858
y(pro)m(vides)e(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(\045)p Ft(')f(job)g Fl(id)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 89 95
TeXDict begin 89 94 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(89)150 299 y Fo(8)80
b(Command)54 b(Line)f(Editing)275 539 y Ft(This)39 b(c)m(hapter)h
(describ)s(es)g(the)g(basic)g(features)g(of)h(the)f Fl(gnu)f
Ft(command)h(line)g(editing)h(in)m(terface.)150 648 y(Command)25
b(line)h(editing)g(is)g(pro)m(vided)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(Readline)g(library)
-8 b(,)27 b(whic)m(h)f(is)g(used)f(b)m(y)g(sev)m(eral)i(di\013eren)m(t)
150 758 y(programs,)j(including)g(Bash.)150 1020 y Fr(8.1)68
b(In)l(tro)t(duction)45 b(to)g(Line)h(Editing)275 1266
y Ft(The)29 b(follo)m(wing)j(paragraphs)e(describ)s(e)g(the)g(notation)
i(used)d(to)j(represen)m(t)e(k)m(eystrok)m(es.)275 1402
y(The)i(text)j Fj(C-k)d Ft(is)i(read)f(as)h(`Con)m(trol-K')g(and)f
(describ)s(es)g(the)g(c)m(haracter)i(pro)s(duced)d(when)g(the)3663
1399 y Fg(h)p 3687 1346 38 4 v 3687 1402 a Ff(k)p 3687
1417 V 3720 1399 a Fg(i)150 1512 y Ft(k)m(ey)f(is)g(pressed)e(while)h
(the)h(Con)m(trol)g(k)m(ey)g(is)g(depressed.)275 1648
y(The)g(text)i Fj(M-k)e Ft(is)h(read)f(as)i(`Meta-K')g(and)f(describ)s
(es)f(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(pro)s(duced)e(when)f(the)i(Meta)150
1757 y(k)m(ey)d(\(if)g(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(one\))g(is)g(depressed,)f
(and)f(the)1859 1754 y Fg(h)p 1883 1701 V 1883 1757 a
Ff(k)p 1883 1773 V 1916 1754 a Fg(i)1974 1757 y Ft(k)m(ey)j(is)e
(pressed.)39 b(The)28 b(Meta)i(k)m(ey)f(is)g(lab)s(eled)3558
1754 y Fg(h)p 3582 1701 143 4 v 3582 1757 a Ff(AL)-6
b(T)p 3582 1773 V 3720 1754 a Fg(i)150 1867 y Ft(on)26
b(man)m(y)g(k)m(eyb)s(oards.)39 b(On)26 b(k)m(eyb)s(oards)g(with)g(t)m
(w)m(o)h(k)m(eys)g(lab)s(eled)2425 1864 y Fg(h)p 2450
1811 V 2450 1867 a Ff(AL)-6 b(T)p 2450 1882 V 2587 1864
a Fg(i)2643 1867 y Ft(\(usually)27 b(to)g(either)f(side)g(of)h(the)150
1977 y(space)32 b(bar\),)g(the)775 1974 y Fg(h)p 799
1921 V 799 1977 a Ff(AL)-6 b(T)p 799 1992 V 937 1974
a Fg(i)998 1977 y Ft(on)32 b(the)f(left)h(side)g(is)f(generally)i(set)e
(to)i(w)m(ork)e(as)h(a)f(Meta)i(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)45 b(The)3393
1974 y Fg(h)p 3417 1921 V 3417 1977 a Ff(AL)-6 b(T)p
3417 1992 V 3555 1974 a Fg(i)3616 1977 y Ft(k)m(ey)150
2086 y(on)33 b(the)h(righ)m(t)g(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s(e)f(con\014gured)f
(to)i(w)m(ork)g(as)g(a)f(Meta)i(k)m(ey)f(or)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e
(con\014gured)h(as)h(some)150 2196 y(other)d(mo)s(di\014er,)e(suc)m(h)h
(as)h(a)g(Comp)s(ose)f(k)m(ey)h(for)f(t)m(yping)h(accen)m(ted)h(c)m
(haracters.)275 2332 y(If)21 b(y)m(ou)h(do)g(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f
(Meta)h(or)1388 2329 y Fg(h)p 1412 2276 V 1412 2332 a
Ff(AL)-6 b(T)p 1412 2348 V 1550 2329 a Fg(i)1601 2332
y Ft(k)m(ey)e(,)25 b(or)d(another)g(k)m(ey)h(w)m(orking)f(as)g(a)g
(Meta)h(k)m(ey)-8 b(,)25 b(the)d(iden)m(tical)150 2442
y(k)m(eystrok)m(e)i(can)f(b)s(e)f(generated)i(b)m(y)e(t)m(yping)1619
2439 y Fg(h)p 1643 2386 139 4 v 1643 2442 a Ff(ESC)p
1643 2457 V 1777 2439 a Fg(i)1829 2442 y Fm(\014rst)p
Ft(,)j(and)d(then)g(t)m(yping)2678 2439 y Fg(h)p 2703
2386 38 4 v 2703 2442 a Ff(k)p 2703 2457 V 2736 2439
a Fg(i)2765 2442 y Ft(.)38 b(Either)23 b(pro)s(cess)f(is)g(kno)m(wn)150
2551 y(as)31 b Fq(metafying)39 b Ft(the)850 2548 y Fg(h)p
874 2495 V 874 2551 a Ff(k)p 874 2567 V 907 2548 a Fg(i)968
2551 y Ft(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)275 2688 y(The)39 b(text)j Fj(M-C-k)d
Ft(is)h(read)g(as)h(`Meta-Con)m(trol-k')j(and)39 b(describ)s(es)h(the)g
(c)m(haracter)i(pro)s(duced)d(b)m(y)150 2797 y Fq(metafying)g
Fj(C-k)p Ft(.)275 2934 y(In)d(addition,)j(sev)m(eral)f(k)m(eys)f(ha)m
(v)m(e)h(their)f(o)m(wn)g(names.)60 b(Sp)s(eci\014cally)-8
b(,)2768 2931 y Fg(h)p 2792 2878 146 4 v 2792 2934 a
Ff(DEL)p 2792 2949 V 2934 2931 a Fg(i)2964 2934 y Ft(,)3028
2931 y Fg(h)p 3052 2878 139 4 v 3052 2934 a Ff(ESC)p
3052 2949 V 3186 2931 a Fg(i)3216 2934 y Ft(,)3279 2931
y Fg(h)p 3303 2878 144 4 v 3303 2934 a Ff(LFD)p 3303
2949 V 3443 2931 a Fg(i)3473 2934 y Ft(,)3537 2931 y
Fg(h)p 3561 2878 139 4 v 3561 2934 a Ff(SPC)p 3561 2949
V 3695 2931 a Fg(i)3725 2934 y Ft(,)150 3040 y Fg(h)p
174 2987 151 4 v 174 3043 a Ff(RET)p 174 3059 V 321 3040
a Fg(i)351 3043 y Ft(,)47 b(and)612 3040 y Fg(h)p 637
2987 148 4 v 637 3043 a Ff(T)-6 b(AB)p 637 3059 V 780
3040 a Fg(i)853 3043 y Ft(all)45 b(stand)e(for)g(themselv)m(es)i(when)d
(seen)i(in)f(this)g(text,)48 b(or)43 b(in)g(an)h(init)f(\014le)h(\(see)
150 3153 y(Section)37 b(8.3)g([Readline)g(Init)f(File],)j(page)e(92\).)
59 b(If)36 b(y)m(our)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)g(lac)m(ks)h(a)2897
3150 y Fg(h)p 2921 3097 144 4 v 2921 3153 a Ff(LFD)p
2921 3168 V 3061 3150 a Fg(i)3127 3153 y Ft(k)m(ey)-8
b(,)39 b(t)m(yping)3604 3150 y Fg(h)p 3628 3097 97 4
v 3628 3153 a Ff(C-j)p 3628 3168 V 3720 3150 a Fg(i)150
3262 y Ft(will)30 b(pro)s(duce)e(the)i(desired)f(c)m(haracter.)42
b(The)1748 3259 y Fg(h)p 1772 3206 151 4 v 1772 3262
a Ff(RET)p 1772 3278 V 1919 3259 a Fg(i)1978 3262 y Ft(k)m(ey)30
b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(lab)s(eled)2770 3259 y Fg(h)p 2794
3206 217 4 v 2794 3262 a Ff(Return)p 2794 3278 V 3007
3259 a Fg(i)3066 3262 y Ft(or)3176 3259 y Fg(h)p 3201
3206 172 4 v 3201 3262 a Ff(En)n(ter)p 3201 3278 V 3368
3259 a Fg(i)3427 3262 y Ft(on)h(some)150 3372 y(k)m(eyb)s(oards.)150
3634 y Fr(8.2)68 b(Readline)47 b(In)l(teraction)275 3880
y Ft(Often)24 b(during)g(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(session)e(y)m(ou)f(t)
m(yp)s(e)h(in)f(a)g(long)h(line)f(of)h(text,)h(only)f(to)f(notice)i
(that)f(the)150 3989 y(\014rst)32 b(w)m(ord)g(on)g(the)g(line)h(is)g
(missp)s(elled.)46 b(The)32 b(Readline)h(library)f(giv)m(es)h(y)m(ou)g
(a)g(set)g(of)f(commands)g(for)150 4099 y(manipulating)e(the)g(text)h
(as)f(y)m(ou)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(it)g(in,)g(allo)m(wing)h(y)m(ou)f(to)h
(just)e(\014x)g(y)m(our)h(t)m(yp)s(o,)g(and)g(not)g(forcing)150
4209 y(y)m(ou)e(to)h(ret)m(yp)s(e)g(the)f(ma)5 b(jorit)m(y)29
b(of)f(the)h(line.)40 b(Using)28 b(these)h(editing)g(commands,)f(y)m
(ou)h(mo)m(v)m(e)g(the)g(cursor)150 4318 y(to)35 b(the)f(place)i(that)e
(needs)g(correction,)j(and)d(delete)h(or)f(insert)h(the)f(text)h(of)g
(the)f(corrections.)54 b(Then,)150 4428 y(when)30 b(y)m(ou)i(are)f
(satis\014ed)g(with)g(the)g(line,)h(y)m(ou)g(simply)e(press)2320
4425 y Fg(h)p 2344 4372 151 4 v 2344 4428 a Ff(RET)p
2344 4443 V 2491 4425 a Fg(i)2520 4428 y Ft(.)43 b(Y)-8
b(ou)32 b(do)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(to)e(b)s(e)g(at)h(the)150
4537 y(end)j(of)h(the)g(line)g(to)h(press)1126 4534 y
Fg(h)p 1150 4481 V 1150 4537 a Ff(RET)p 1150 4553 V 1297
4534 a Fg(i)1327 4537 y Ft(;)h(the)e(en)m(tire)h(line)f(is)g(accepted)h
(regardless)f(of)g(the)g(lo)s(cation)i(of)e(the)150 4647
y(cursor)30 b(within)g(the)g(line.)150 4875 y Fk(8.2.1)63
b(Readline)40 b(Bare)h(Essen)m(tials)275 5121 y Ft(In)22
b(order)g(to)i(en)m(ter)g(c)m(haracters)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(line,)h
(simply)d(t)m(yp)s(e)i(them.)38 b(The)22 b(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(c)m(haracter)i
(app)s(ears)150 5230 y(where)32 b(the)h(cursor)e(w)m(as,)j(and)e(then)g
(the)h(cursor)e(mo)m(v)m(es)j(one)f(space)g(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t.)47
b(If)32 b(y)m(ou)h(mist)m(yp)s(e)g(a)150 5340 y(c)m(haracter,)f(y)m(ou)
f(can)g(use)f(y)m(our)g(erase)h(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(bac)m(k)g(up)f(and)
f(delete)j(the)f(mist)m(yp)s(ed)e(c)m(haracter.)p eop
end
%%Page: 90 96
TeXDict begin 90 95 bop 150 -116 a Ft(90)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Sometimes)g(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)h(mist)m
(yp)s(e)e(a)i(c)m(haracter,)g(and)e(not)i(notice)g(the)f(error)f(un)m
(til)h(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)150 408 y(sev)m(eral)e(other)f
(c)m(haracters.)42 b(In)28 b(that)i(case,)g(y)m(ou)f(can)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h
Fj(C-b)d Ft(to)j(mo)m(v)m(e)g(the)f(cursor)g(to)g(the)g(left,)i(and)150
518 y(then)f(correct)i(y)m(our)e(mistak)m(e.)42 b(Afterw)m(ards,)31
b(y)m(ou)f(can)h(mo)m(v)m(e)h(the)e(cursor)g(to)h(the)g(righ)m(t)g
(with)f Fj(C-f)p Ft(.)275 679 y(When)i(y)m(ou)h(add)f(text)h(in)f(the)h
(middle)f(of)h(a)g(line,)h(y)m(ou)e(will)h(notice)h(that)f(c)m
(haracters)h(to)g(the)e(righ)m(t)150 789 y(of)d(the)g(cursor)f(are)h
(`pushed)e(o)m(v)m(er')j(to)g(mak)m(e)f(ro)s(om)g(for)f(the)h(text)h
(that)f(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(inserted.)40 b(Lik)m(ewise,)150
898 y(when)d(y)m(ou)g(delete)i(text)g(b)s(ehind)c(the)j(cursor,)h(c)m
(haracters)g(to)f(the)g(righ)m(t)g(of)g(the)g(cursor)e(are)i(`pulled)
150 1008 y(bac)m(k')24 b(to)f(\014ll)g(in)f(the)h(blank)f(space)i
(created)f(b)m(y)g(the)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)24 b(of)f(the)g(text.)39
b(A)23 b(list)g(of)g(the)g(bare)f(essen)m(tials)150 1117
y(for)30 b(editing)h(the)g(text)g(of)g(an)f(input)f(line)i(follo)m(ws.)
150 1317 y Fj(C-b)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(bac)m(k)g(one)e(c)m
(haracter.)150 1502 y Fj(C-f)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(forw)m(ard)e(one)
h(c)m(haracter.)150 1685 y Fg(h)p 174 1632 146 4 v 174
1688 a Ff(DEL)p 174 1704 V 316 1685 a Fg(i)376 1688 y
Ft(or)487 1685 y Fg(h)p 512 1632 317 4 v 512 1688 a Ff(Bac)n(kspace)p
512 1704 V 824 1685 a Fg(i)630 1798 y Ft(Delete)i(the)d(c)m(haracter)i
(to)f(the)g(left)g(of)f(the)h(cursor.)150 1984 y Fj(C-d)336
b Ft(Delete)33 b(the)d(c)m(haracter)i(underneath)d(the)i(cursor.)150
2170 y(Prin)m(ting)g(c)m(haracters)630 2279 y(Insert)f(the)g(c)m
(haracter)i(in)m(to)g(the)e(line)h(at)g(the)g(cursor.)150
2465 y Fj(C-_)e Ft(or)i Fj(C-x)e(C-u)630 2575 y Ft(Undo)k(the)h(last)g
(editing)g(command.)50 b(Y)-8 b(ou)34 b(can)f(undo)g(all)h(the)f(w)m(a)
m(y)i(bac)m(k)f(to)g(an)g(empt)m(y)630 2684 y(line.)150
2883 y(\(Dep)s(ending)g(on)g(y)m(our)g(con\014guration,)h(the)1726
2880 y Fg(h)p 1750 2827 V 1750 2883 a Ff(Bac)n(kspace)p
1750 2899 V 2063 2880 a Fg(i)2127 2883 y Ft(k)m(ey)g(b)s(e)e(set)h(to)h
(delete)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(to)f(the)150 2993 y(left)f(of)f(the)g
(cursor)f(and)h(the)1192 2990 y Fg(h)p 1216 2937 146
4 v 1216 2993 a Ff(DEL)p 1216 3008 V 1358 2990 a Fg(i)1421
2993 y Ft(k)m(ey)g(set)h(to)g(delete)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(underneath)
c(the)i(cursor,)h(lik)m(e)150 3103 y Fj(C-d)p Ft(,)c(rather)g(than)g
(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(the)f(left)h(of)g(the)f(cursor.\))150
3380 y Fk(8.2.2)63 b(Readline)40 b(Mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)h(Commands)275
3650 y Ft(The)25 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(table)g(describ)s(es)f(the)g(most)h
(basic)f(k)m(eystrok)m(es)i(that)f(y)m(ou)f(need)g(in)g(order)f(to)i
(do)f(editing)150 3760 y(of)g(the)f(input)g(line.)39
b(F)-8 b(or)27 b(y)m(our)e(con)m(v)m(enience,)k(man)m(y)c(other)h
(commands)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)e(added)g(in)g(addition)150
3869 y(to)33 b Fj(C-b)p Ft(,)e Fj(C-f)p Ft(,)h Fj(C-d)p
Ft(,)g(and)1043 3866 y Fg(h)p 1067 3813 V 1067 3869 a
Ff(DEL)p 1067 3885 V 1209 3866 a Fg(i)1239 3869 y Ft(.)45
b(Here)33 b(are)f(some)g(commands)g(for)g(mo)m(ving)h(more)f(rapidly)f
(ab)s(out)h(the)150 3979 y(line.)150 4178 y Fj(C-a)336
b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(start)h(of)g(the)f(line.)150
4364 y Fj(C-e)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h
(line.)150 4550 y Fj(M-f)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(w)m
(ord,)f(where)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(is)g(comp)s(osed)g(of)h(letters)h(and)d
(digits.)150 4736 y Fj(M-b)336 b Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)f(a)
g(w)m(ord.)150 4922 y Fj(C-l)336 b Ft(Clear)31 b(the)f(screen,)h
(reprin)m(ting)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line)h(at)g(the)f(top.)275
5121 y(Notice)c(ho)m(w)f Fj(C-f)e Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)j(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(c)m
(haracter,)j(while)d Fj(M-f)e Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)j(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(w)m
(ord.)39 b(It)24 b(is)h(a)g(lo)s(ose)150 5230 y(con)m(v)m(en)m(tion)32
b(that)f(con)m(trol)g(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(op)s(erate)e(on)g(c)m
(haracters)h(while)f(meta)h(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(op)s(erate)e(on)150
5340 y(w)m(ords.)p eop end
%%Page: 91 97
TeXDict begin 91 96 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(91)150 299 y Fk(8.2.3)63
b(Readline)40 b(Killing)i(Commands)275 566 y Fq(Killing)j
Ft(text)39 b(means)e(to)h(delete)g(the)g(text)g(from)f(the)g(line,)j
(but)d(to)h(sa)m(v)m(e)h(it)e(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)j(for)d(later)h(use,)150
675 y(usually)c(b)m(y)g Fq(y)m(anking)42 b Ft(\(re-inserting\))35
b(it)g(bac)m(k)g(in)m(to)g(the)f(line.)52 b(\(`Cut')35
b(and)e(`paste')i(are)g(more)f(recen)m(t)150 785 y(jargon)d(for)f
(`kill')h(and)f(`y)m(ank'.\))275 942 y(If)f(the)i(description)f(for)g
(a)h(command)f(sa)m(ys)g(that)h(it)g(`kills')g(text,)h(then)e(y)m(ou)g
(can)h(b)s(e)e(sure)h(that)h(y)m(ou)150 1052 y(can)g(get)g(the)g(text)g
(bac)m(k)g(in)f(a)h(di\013eren)m(t)g(\(or)g(the)f(same\))h(place)h
(later.)275 1209 y(When)23 b(y)m(ou)g(use)g(a)h(kill)g(command,)g(the)g
(text)g(is)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(in)e(a)g Fq(kill-ring)p Ft(.)39
b(An)m(y)24 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(consecutiv)m(e)150
1318 y(kills)31 b(sa)m(v)m(e)i(all)f(of)f(the)g(killed)h(text)g
(together,)g(so)g(that)f(when)f(y)m(ou)h(y)m(ank)h(it)f(bac)m(k,)h(y)m
(ou)g(get)g(it)f(all.)43 b(The)150 1428 y(kill)33 b(ring)f(is)g(not)h
(line)g(sp)s(eci\014c;)g(the)g(text)g(that)g(y)m(ou)g(killed)f(on)h(a)f
(previously)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(line)f(is)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)150
1537 y(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(y)m(ank)m(ed)h(bac)m(k)g(later,)h(when)d(y)m(ou)
i(are)g(t)m(yping)f(another)h(line.)275 1695 y(Here)f(is)h(the)f(list)h
(of)g(commands)f(for)g(killing)h(text.)150 1888 y Fj(C-k)336
b Ft(Kill)31 b(the)f(text)i(from)e(the)g(curren)m(t)g(cursor)g(p)s
(osition)h(to)g(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150 2070
y Fj(M-d)336 b Ft(Kill)27 b(from)f(the)g(cursor)g(to)h(the)f(end)g(of)h
(the)f(curren)m(t)g(w)m(ord,)h(or,)h(if)e(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(w)m(ords,)
g(to)g(the)630 2180 y(end)j(of)g(the)h(next)f(w)m(ord.)41
b(W)-8 b(ord)30 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)i(the)g(same)f(as)h(those)g(used)
f(b)m(y)g Fj(M-f)p Ft(.)150 2362 y Fj(M-)246 2359 y Fg(h)p
270 2306 146 4 v 270 2362 a Ff(DEL)p 270 2377 V 411 2359
a Fg(i)630 2362 y Ft(Kill)h(from)f(the)h(cursor)f(the)g(start)h(of)g
(the)g(curren)m(t)f(w)m(ord,)h(or,)f(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)
f(to)i(the)630 2471 y(start)39 b(of)f(the)h(previous)f(w)m(ord.)64
b(W)-8 b(ord)39 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)i(the)f(same)h(as)g(those)f(used)
g(b)m(y)630 2581 y Fj(M-b)p Ft(.)150 2763 y Fj(C-w)336
b Ft(Kill)32 b(from)e(the)i(cursor)e(to)i(the)g(previous)e(whitespace.)
44 b(This)31 b(is)g(di\013eren)m(t)h(than)f Fj(M-)3555
2760 y Fg(h)p 3578 2707 V 3578 2763 a Ff(DEL)p 3578 2778
V 3720 2760 a Fg(i)630 2872 y Ft(b)s(ecause)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s
(oundaries)f(di\013er.)275 3066 y(Here)42 b(is)f(ho)m(w)h(to)g
Fq(y)m(ank)47 b Ft(the)42 b(text)g(bac)m(k)h(in)m(to)f(the)g(line.)74
b(Y)-8 b(anking)43 b(means)e(to)h(cop)m(y)h(the)e(most-)150
3175 y(recen)m(tly-killed)33 b(text)e(from)f(the)g(kill)i(bu\013er.)150
3369 y Fj(C-y)336 b Ft(Y)-8 b(ank)31 b(the)f(most)h(recen)m(tly)h
(killed)f(text)g(bac)m(k)g(in)m(to)h(the)e(bu\013er)g(at)h(the)f
(cursor.)150 3551 y Fj(M-y)336 b Ft(Rotate)36 b(the)f(kill-ring,)i(and)
d(y)m(ank)h(the)f(new)g(top.)54 b(Y)-8 b(ou)35 b(can)g(only)f(do)h
(this)f(if)h(the)g(prior)630 3660 y(command)30 b(is)h
Fj(C-y)e Ft(or)h Fj(M-y)p Ft(.)150 3930 y Fk(8.2.4)63
b(Readline)40 b(Argumen)m(ts)275 4197 y Ft(Y)-8 b(ou)29
b(can)h(pass)f(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h(Readline)g(commands.)40
b(Sometimes)30 b(the)f(argumen)m(t)h(acts)150 4306 y(as)40
b(a)h(rep)s(eat)f(coun)m(t,)j(other)e(times)f(it)h(is)f(the)g
Fm(sign)47 b Ft(of)41 b(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(that)h(is)f(signi\014can)m
(t.)71 b(If)40 b(y)m(ou)150 4416 y(pass)33 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)
m(t)e(to)g(a)g(command)f(whic)m(h)g(normally)h(acts)g(in)f(a)h(forw)m
(ard)f(direction,)i(that)150 4525 y(command)g(will)h(act)g(in)f(a)h
(bac)m(kw)m(ard)f(direction.)57 b(F)-8 b(or)36 b(example,)h(to)f(kill)g
(text)g(bac)m(k)g(to)g(the)g(start)g(of)150 4635 y(the)31
b(line,)g(y)m(ou)f(migh)m(t)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(M--)f(C-k)p
Ft('.)275 4792 y(The)d(general)i(w)m(a)m(y)h(to)e(pass)g(n)m(umeric)g
(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(a)f(command)g(is)g(to)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(meta)i
(digits)e(b)s(efore)150 4902 y(the)j(command.)42 b(If)30
b(the)h(\014rst)f(`digit')i(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(is)g(a)g(min)m(us)f(sign)h
(\(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('\),)h(then)f(the)g(sign)f(of)h(the)g(argumen)m(t)150
5011 y(will)39 b(b)s(e)e(negativ)m(e.)66 b(Once)38 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m
(e)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(one)h(meta)g(digit)g(to)f(get)i(the)e(argumen)m(t)h
(started,)i(y)m(ou)150 5121 y(can)29 b(t)m(yp)s(e)g(the)g(remainder)f
(of)h(the)g(digits,)h(and)f(then)f(the)h(command.)40
b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example,)g(to)f(giv)m(e)i(the)e Fj(C-d)150
5230 y Ft(command)37 b(an)g(argumen)m(t)h(of)g(10,)i(y)m(ou)e(could)f
(t)m(yp)s(e)h(`)p Fs(M-1)29 b(0)h(C-d)p Ft(',)39 b(whic)m(h)e(will)h
(delete)h(the)e(next)h(ten)150 5340 y(c)m(haracters)32
b(on)e(the)h(input)e(line.)p eop end
%%Page: 92 98
TeXDict begin 92 97 bop 150 -116 a Ft(92)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fk(8.2.5)63 b(Searc)m(hing)40
b(for)i(Commands)g(in)f(the)g(History)275 540 y Ft(Readline)23
b(pro)m(vides)g(commands)f(for)h(searc)m(hing)h(through)e(the)h
(command)g(history)f(\(see)i(Section)g(9.1)150 649 y([Bash)37
b(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)42 b(page)37 b(115\))i(for)d(lines)h
(con)m(taining)i(a)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(string.)60 b(There)36
b(are)i(t)m(w)m(o)150 759 y(searc)m(h)31 b(mo)s(des:)40
b Fq(incremen)m(tal)35 b Ft(and)30 b Fq(non-incremen)m(tal)p
Ft(.)275 890 y(Incremen)m(tal)c(searc)m(hes)h(b)s(egin)e(b)s(efore)g
(the)h(user)f(has)h(\014nished)e(t)m(yping)i(the)g(searc)m(h)g(string.)
39 b(As)26 b(eac)m(h)150 1000 y(c)m(haracter)37 b(of)e(the)h(searc)m(h)
g(string)f(is)h(t)m(yp)s(ed,)g(Readline)g(displa)m(ys)g(the)f(next)h
(en)m(try)g(from)e(the)i(history)150 1109 y(matc)m(hing)25
b(the)f(string)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(so)g(far.)39 b(An)23 b(incremen)m(tal)j
(searc)m(h)e(requires)g(only)g(as)g(man)m(y)g(c)m(haracters)i(as)150
1219 y(needed)i(to)i(\014nd)d(the)i(desired)f(history)h(en)m(try)-8
b(.)41 b(T)-8 b(o)29 b(searc)m(h)h(bac)m(kw)m(ard)f(in)f(the)h(history)
g(for)f(a)i(particular)150 1329 y(string,)g(t)m(yp)s(e)f
Fj(C-r)p Ft(.)40 b(T)m(yping)29 b Fj(C-s)g Ft(searc)m(hes)h(forw)m(ard)
f(through)g(the)g(history)-8 b(.)41 b(The)29 b(c)m(haracters)i(presen)m
(t)150 1438 y(in)38 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)g(the)g
Fs(isearch-terminators)33 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(are)f(used)f(to)i
(terminate)g(an)f(incremen)m(tal)150 1548 y(searc)m(h.)63
b(If)38 b(that)g(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(has)g(not)g(b)s(een)f(assigned)h
(a)g(v)-5 b(alue,)40 b(the)2578 1545 y Fg(h)p 2602 1492
139 4 v 2602 1548 a Ff(ESC)p 2602 1563 V 2736 1545 a
Fg(i)2804 1548 y Ft(and)d Fj(C-J)f Ft(c)m(haracters)k(will)150
1657 y(terminate)j(an)g(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h.)78
b Fj(C-g)41 b Ft(will)i(ab)s(ort)f(an)g(incremen)m(tal)i(searc)m(h)f
(and)f(restore)h(the)150 1767 y(original)30 b(line.)41
b(When)28 b(the)h(searc)m(h)h(is)f(terminated,)h(the)f(history)g(en)m
(try)g(con)m(taining)h(the)f(searc)m(h)h(string)150 1877
y(b)s(ecomes)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)275 2008 y(T)-8
b(o)31 b(\014nd)e(other)j(matc)m(hing)g(en)m(tries)g(in)e(the)h
(history)g(list,)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g Fj(C-r)e Ft(or)h Fj(C-s)f
Ft(as)h(appropriate.)43 b(This)150 2117 y(will)26 b(searc)m(h)h(bac)m
(kw)m(ard)g(or)f(forw)m(ard)g(in)f(the)i(history)f(for)g(the)g(next)g
(en)m(try)h(matc)m(hing)g(the)f(searc)m(h)h(string)150
2227 y(t)m(yp)s(ed)37 b(so)h(far.)63 b(An)m(y)38 b(other)f(k)m(ey)i
(sequence)f(b)s(ound)e(to)i(a)g(Readline)h(command)e(will)h(terminate)h
(the)150 2337 y(searc)m(h)22 b(and)e(execute)j(that)e(command.)38
b(F)-8 b(or)22 b(instance,)h(a)2127 2334 y Fg(h)p 2151
2281 151 4 v 2151 2337 a Ff(RET)p 2151 2352 V 2298 2334
a Fg(i)2349 2337 y Ft(will)e(terminate)h(the)f(searc)m(h)h(and)e
(accept)150 2446 y(the)30 b(line,)g(thereb)m(y)f(executing)i(the)e
(command)g(from)g(the)h(history)f(list.)41 b(A)29 b(mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)j
(command)d(will)150 2556 y(terminate)i(the)g(searc)m(h,)g(mak)m(e)h
(the)e(last)h(line)g(found)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(line,)h(and)f(b)s(egin)
g(editing.)275 2687 y(Readline)35 b(remem)m(b)s(ers)f(the)h(last)h
(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h)f(string.)54 b(If)34 b(t)m(w)m(o)j
Fj(C-r)p Ft(s)c(are)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(without)150 2797
y(an)m(y)i(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(c)m(haracters)h(de\014ning)e(a)h(new)f
(searc)m(h)h(string,)h(an)m(y)f(remem)m(b)s(ered)e(searc)m(h)i(string)g
(is)150 2906 y(used.)275 3037 y(Non-incremen)m(tal)48
b(searc)m(hes)g(read)e(the)h(en)m(tire)h(searc)m(h)f(string)g(b)s
(efore)f(starting)h(to)h(searc)m(h)f(for)150 3147 y(matc)m(hing)d
(history)e(lines.)78 b(The)42 b(searc)m(h)h(string)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f
(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(user)f(or)h(b)s(e)f(part)g(of)h(the)150
3257 y(con)m(ten)m(ts)32 b(of)f(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150
3504 y Fr(8.3)68 b(Readline)47 b(Init)e(File)275 3745
y Ft(Although)g(the)g(Readline)h(library)e(comes)i(with)f(a)h(set)f(of)
g(Emacs-lik)m(e)i(k)m(eybindings)e(installed)150 3855
y(b)m(y)d(default,)i(it)f(is)e(p)s(ossible)g(to)i(use)e(a)h(di\013eren)
m(t)g(set)g(of)g(k)m(eybindings.)74 b(An)m(y)42 b(user)f(can)h
(customize)150 3964 y(programs)32 b(that)h(use)f(Readline)h(b)m(y)g
(putting)f(commands)g(in)g(an)g Fq(inputrc)37 b Ft(\014le,)d(con)m(v)m
(en)m(tionally)h(in)d(his)150 4074 y(home)d(directory)-8
b(.)41 b(The)28 b(name)g(of)h(this)g(\014le)f(is)h(tak)m(en)h(from)e
(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)g(the)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b Fs(INPUTRC)p Ft(.)150 4184 y(If)k(that)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b(is)g(unset,)g(the)f(default)g(is)g(`)p Fs(~/.inputrc)p
Ft('.)50 b(If)34 b(that)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)g(not)g(exist)h(or)f(cannot)
150 4293 y(b)s(e)c(read,)g(the)h(ultimate)g(default)g(is)f(`)p
Fs(/etc/inputrc)p Ft('.)275 4425 y(When)f(a)h(program)f(whic)m(h)h
(uses)f(the)h(Readline)g(library)f(starts)h(up,)f(the)h(init)g(\014le)f
(is)h(read,)g(and)f(the)150 4534 y(k)m(ey)i(bindings)e(are)i(set.)275
4665 y(In)26 b(addition,)i(the)f Fs(C-x)i(C-r)d Ft(command)h(re-reads)g
(this)f(init)h(\014le,)h(th)m(us)f(incorp)s(orating)g(an)m(y)g(c)m
(hanges)150 4775 y(that)k(y)m(ou)g(migh)m(t)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(made)g(to)g
(it.)150 4990 y Fk(8.3.1)63 b(Readline)40 b(Init)h(File)g(Syn)m(tax)275
5230 y Ft(There)33 b(are)h(only)g(a)g(few)f(basic)h(constructs)g(allo)m
(w)m(ed)h(in)f(the)g(Readline)g(init)g(\014le.)51 b(Blank)34
b(lines)g(are)150 5340 y(ignored.)72 b(Lines)41 b(b)s(eginning)f(with)h
(a)g(`)p Fs(#)p Ft(')g(are)h(commen)m(ts.)73 b(Lines)41
b(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(a)i(`)p Fs($)p Ft(')f(indicate)p
eop end
%%Page: 93 99
TeXDict begin 93 98 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(93)150 299 y(conditional)43
b(constructs)e(\(see)i(Section)f(8.3.2)h([Conditional)f(Init)f
(Constructs],)j(page)f(97\).)74 b(Other)150 408 y(lines)31
b(denote)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(settings)g(and)f(k)m(ey)h(bindings.)150
579 y(V)-8 b(ariable)32 b(Settings)630 689 y(Y)-8 b(ou)41
b(can)g(mo)s(dify)e(the)i(run-time)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)h(Readline)g
(b)m(y)f(altering)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(of)630 798
y(v)-5 b(ariables)34 b(in)f(Readline)i(using)e(the)g
Fs(set)g Ft(command)g(within)g(the)h(init)g(\014le.)50
b(The)33 b(syn)m(tax)630 908 y(is)d(simple:)870 1046
y Fs(set)47 b Fj(variable)56 b(value)630 1184 y Ft(Here,)29
b(for)e(example,)h(is)g(ho)m(w)f(to)h(c)m(hange)g(from)f(the)g(default)
h(Emacs-lik)m(e)h(k)m(ey)f(binding)e(to)630 1294 y(use)k
Fs(vi)g Ft(line)h(editing)g(commands:)870 1432 y Fs(set)47
b(editing-mode)d(vi)630 1570 y Ft(V)-8 b(ariable)36 b(names)f(and)g(v)
-5 b(alues,)36 b(where)f(appropriate,)h(are)g(recognized)g(without)f
(regard)630 1680 y(to)c(case.)42 b(Unrecognized)31 b(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(names)g(are)f(ignored.)630 1818 y(Bo)s(olean)c(v)-5
b(ariables)26 b(\(those)g(that)g(can)f(b)s(e)f(set)i(to)g(on)f(or)g
(o\013)7 b(\))25 b(are)h(set)f(to)h(on)f(if)g(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)26 b(is)630 1928 y(n)m(ull)e(or)g(empt)m(y)-8
b(,)27 b Fq(on)d Ft(\(case-insensitiv)m(e\),)29 b(or)24
b(1.)39 b(An)m(y)25 b(other)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(results)f(in)g(the)g(v)
-5 b(ariable)630 2037 y(b)s(eing)30 b(set)h(to)g(o\013.)630
2176 y(The)37 b Fs(bind)30 b(-V)37 b Ft(command)g(lists)i(the)f(curren)
m(t)f(Readline)i(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(names)g(and)f(v)-5
b(alues.)630 2285 y(See)31 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)
g(41.)630 2423 y(A)f(great)i(deal)f(of)g(run-time)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g
(is)g(c)m(hangeable)j(with)d(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(v)-5
b(ariables.)630 2590 y Fs(bell-style)1110 2700 y Ft(Con)m(trols)44
b(what)g(happ)s(ens)e(when)h(Readline)i(w)m(an)m(ts)f(to)h(ring)e(the)h
(termi-)1110 2809 y(nal)37 b(b)s(ell.)61 b(If)37 b(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(none)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(nev)m(er)g(rings)e(the)i(b)s(ell.)61
b(If)36 b(set)i(to)1110 2919 y(`)p Fs(visible)p Ft(',)32
b(Readline)i(uses)f(a)g(visible)g(b)s(ell)g(if)g(one)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable.)51 b(If)33 b(set)g(to)1110 3029 y(`)p Fs(audible)p
Ft(')j(\(the)i(default\),)i(Readline)e(attempts)g(to)h(ring)e(the)g
(terminal's)1110 3138 y(b)s(ell.)630 3305 y Fs(bind-tty-special-chars)
1110 3415 y Ft(If)45 b(set)h(to)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)50
b(Readline)45 b(attempts)i(to)f(bind)d(the)j(con)m(trol)g(c)m
(haracters)1110 3524 y(treated)36 b(sp)s(ecially)h(b)m(y)e(the)h(k)m
(ernel's)g(terminal)g(driv)m(er)f(to)h(their)f(Readline)1110
3634 y(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(ts.)630 3801 y Fs(comment-begin)1110
3910 y Ft(The)29 b(string)g(to)h(insert)f(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)
g(the)h(line)f(when)f(the)i Fs(insert-)1110 4020 y(comment)e
Ft(command)j(is)f(executed.)42 b(The)29 b(default)i(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)f Fs("#")p Ft(.)630 4187 y Fs(completion-ignore-case)
1110 4296 y Ft(If)d(set)h(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(p)s
(erforms)e(\014lename)h(matc)m(hing)i(and)e(completion)1110
4406 y(in)j(a)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion.)40 b(The)30
b(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)h(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630
4573 y Fs(completion-query-items)1110 4682 y Ft(The)26
b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(that)g(determines)
f(when)f(the)i(user)1110 4792 y(is)i(ask)m(ed)h(whether)f(the)h(list)g
(of)f(p)s(ossibilities)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)41
b(If)29 b(the)1110 4902 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)h(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)i(is)f(greater)h(than)e(this)h(v)-5 b(alue,)28
b(Readline)1110 5011 y(will)f(ask)g(the)f(user)g(whether)g(or)g(not)h
(he)f(wishes)g(to)i(view)e(them;)i(otherwise,)1110 5121
y(they)d(are)f(simply)g(listed.)40 b(This)23 b(v)-5 b(ariable)25
b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)e(set)i(to)g(an)g(in)m(teger)g(v)-5
b(alue)1110 5230 y(greater)26 b(than)f(or)f(equal)i(to)f(0.)40
b(A)24 b(negativ)m(e)j(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(means)e(Readline)i(should)1110
5340 y(nev)m(er)31 b(ask.)41 b(The)29 b(default)i(limit)g(is)g
Fs(100)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 94 100
TeXDict begin 94 99 bop 150 -116 a Ft(94)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(convert-meta)1110
408 y Ft(If)22 b(set)g(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)f(will)f(con)m
(v)m(ert)i(c)m(haracters)f(with)f(the)g(eigh)m(th)h(bit)f(set)1110
518 y(to)g(an)f Fl(asci)r(i)g Ft(k)m(ey)h(sequence)g(b)m(y)f(stripping)
f(the)i(eigh)m(th)g(bit)f(and)g(pre\014xing)f(an)1110
625 y Fg(h)p 1134 572 139 4 v 1134 628 a Ff(ESC)p 1134
643 V 1268 625 a Fg(i)1332 628 y Ft(c)m(haracter,)36
b(con)m(v)m(erting)g(them)e(to)g(a)h(meta-pre\014xed)f(k)m(ey)g
(sequence.)1110 737 y(The)c(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(is)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft('.)630 883 y Fs(disable-completion)1110
993 y Ft(If)36 b(set)h(to)h(`)p Fs(On)p Ft(',)g(Readline)f(will)g
(inhibit)f(w)m(ord)h(completion.)60 b(Completion)1110
1103 y(c)m(haracters)28 b(will)e(b)s(e)f(inserted)h(in)m(to)h(the)g
(line)f(as)g(if)g(they)h(had)e(b)s(een)g(mapp)s(ed)1110
1212 y(to)31 b Fs(self-insert)p Ft(.)38 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 1358 y Fs(editing-mode)1110 1468 y
Ft(The)d Fs(editing-mode)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(con)m(trols)h(whic)m
(h)e(default)h(set)h(of)e(k)m(ey)i(bind-)1110 1577 y(ings)25
b(is)g(used.)38 b(By)26 b(default,)g(Readline)g(starts)f(up)f(in)h
(Emacs)g(editing)h(mo)s(de,)1110 1687 y(where)j(the)g(k)m(eystrok)m(es)
i(are)e(most)h(similar)f(to)h(Emacs.)40 b(This)29 b(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(can)1110 1797 y(b)s(e)g(set)h(to)g(either)g(`)p
Fs(emacs)p Ft(')e(or)h(`)p Fs(vi)p Ft('.)630 1943 y Fs(enable-keypad)
1110 2052 y Ft(When)23 b(set)h(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)f
(will)g(try)f(to)h(enable)g(the)f(application)i(k)m(eypad)1110
2162 y(when)h(it)h(is)f(called.)41 b(Some)27 b(systems)f(need)h(this)f
(to)h(enable)g(the)g(arro)m(w)g(k)m(eys.)1110 2271 y(The)j(default)g
(is)h(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 2418 y Fs(expand-tilde)1110
2527 y Ft(If)c(set)h(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)f(tilde)g(expansion)g(is)f
(p)s(erformed)f(when)h(Readline)h(attempts)1110 2637
y(w)m(ord)i(completion.)42 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 2783 y Fs(history-preserve-point)1110
2892 y Ft(If)e(set)i(to)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(the)g(history)g(co)s(de)g
(attempts)g(to)h(place)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(at)h(the)f(same)1110
3002 y(lo)s(cation)35 b(on)e(eac)m(h)i(history)e(line)h(retriev)m(ed)g
(with)f Fs(previous-history)c Ft(or)1110 3112 y Fs(next-history)p
Ft(.)37 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630
3258 y Fs(horizontal-scroll-mode)1110 3367 y Ft(This)35
b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(can)f(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)h(either)f(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)57 b(Setting)36
b(it)g(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')1110 3477 y(means)26 b(that)h(the)f(text)h
(of)g(the)f(lines)g(b)s(eing)g(edited)h(will)f(scroll)h(horizon)m
(tally)1110 3587 y(on)32 b(a)g(single)g(screen)g(line)g(when)e(they)i
(are)g(longer)h(than)e(the)h(width)f(of)h(the)1110 3696
y(screen,)27 b(instead)g(of)f(wrapping)f(on)m(to)i(a)f(new)g(screen)g
(line.)39 b(By)27 b(default,)g(this)1110 3806 y(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(is)g(set)f(to)i(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630
3952 y Fs(input-meta)1110 4061 y Ft(If)f(set)g(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g(will)f(enable)h(eigh)m(t-bit)h(input)d(\(it)
i(will)f(not)h(clear)1110 4171 y(the)40 b(eigh)m(th)g(bit)g(in)f(the)h
(c)m(haracters)h(it)f(reads\),)j(regardless)c(of)h(what)g(the)1110
4281 y(terminal)g(claims)h(it)g(can)f(supp)s(ort.)68
b(The)39 b(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(is)g(`)p Fs(off)p
Ft('.)69 b(The)1110 4390 y(name)30 b Fs(meta-flag)e Ft(is)j(a)f(synon)m
(ym)g(for)g(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable.)630 4536 y Fs(isearch-terminators)
1110 4646 y Ft(The)51 b(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(that)f(should)e
(terminate)j(an)f(incremen)m(tal)1110 4755 y(searc)m(h)25
b(without)g(subsequen)m(tly)g(executing)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(as)f(a)g
(command)1110 4865 y(\(see)42 b(Section)f(8.2.5)i([Searc)m(hing],)i
(page)c(92\).)73 b(If)41 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(has)g(not)1110
4975 y(b)s(een)31 b(giv)m(en)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue,)32 b(the)g(c)m
(haracters)2494 4972 y Fg(h)p 2518 4919 V 2518 4975 a
Ff(ESC)p 2518 4990 V 2652 4972 a Fg(i)2713 4975 y Ft(and)f
Fj(C-J)g Ft(will)h(terminate)g(an)1110 5084 y(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m
(h.)630 5230 y Fs(keymap)192 b Ft(Sets)39 b(Readline's)g(idea)h(of)f
(the)g(curren)m(t)f(k)m(eymap)h(for)g(k)m(ey)g(binding)f(com-)1110
5340 y(mands.)81 b(Acceptable)47 b Fs(keymap)42 b Ft(names)i(are)h
Fs(emacs)p Ft(,)i Fs(emacs-standard)p Ft(,)p eop end
%%Page: 95 101
TeXDict begin 95 100 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(95)1110 299 y Fs(emacs-meta)p
Ft(,)99 b Fs(emacs-ctlx)p Ft(,)f Fs(vi)p Ft(,)j Fs(vi-move)p
Ft(,)f Fs(vi-command)p Ft(,)f(and)1110 408 y Fs(vi-insert)p
Ft(.)64 b Fs(vi)38 b Ft(is)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)41 b(to)e
Fs(vi-command)p Ft(;)i Fs(emacs)c Ft(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)1110
518 y(to)33 b Fs(emacs-standard)p Ft(.)41 b(The)31 b(default)h(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(is)g Fs(emacs)p Ft(.)44 b(The)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)33
b(of)f(the)1110 628 y Fs(editing-mode)27 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(also)h(a\013ects)f(the)g(default)f(k)m(eymap.)630 774
y Fs(mark-directories)1110 883 y Ft(If)38 b(set)g(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)i(completed)e(directory)f(names)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(a)e(slash)
g(app)s(ended.)1110 993 y(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft('.)630 1139 y Fs(mark-modified-lines)1110
1249 y Ft(This)k(v)-5 b(ariable,)38 b(when)d(set)h(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(causes)g(Readline)f(to)h(displa)m(y)f(an)f(as-)1110
1358 y(terisk)f(\(`)p Fs(*)p Ft('\))h(at)f(the)g(start)g(of)g(history)g
(lines)g(whic)m(h)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)e(mo)s(di\014ed.)1110
1468 y(This)d(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p Ft(')g(b)m(y)g
(default.)630 1614 y Fs(mark-symlinked-directori)o(es)1110
1724 y Ft(If)44 b(set)h(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)i(completed)e(names)f
(whic)m(h)f(are)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(links)g(to)g(di-)1110
1833 y(rectories)j(ha)m(v)m(e)f(a)g(slash)f(app)s(ended)e(\(sub)5
b(ject)47 b(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)47 b(of)f Fs(mark-)1110
1943 y(directories)p Ft(\).)38 b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 2089 y Fs(match-hidden-files)1110
2198 y Ft(This)21 b(v)-5 b(ariable,)25 b(when)d(set)g(to)h(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(causes)f(Readline)g(to)g(matc)m(h)g(\014les)f(whose)
1110 2308 y(names)44 b(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)g(`)p Fs(.)p
Ft(')g(\(hidden)f(\014les\))i(when)e(p)s(erforming)g(\014lename)1110
2418 y(completion,)j(unless)41 b(the)g(leading)h(`)p
Fs(.)p Ft(')g(is)g(supplied)e(b)m(y)h(the)h(user)f(in)g(the)1110
2527 y(\014lename)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(completed.)42 b(This)30
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')h(b)m(y)f(default.)630
2673 y Fs(output-meta)1110 2783 y Ft(If)35 b(set)h(to)g(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)f(will)g(displa)m(y)f(c)m(haracters)i(with)e
(the)h(eigh)m(th)g(bit)1110 2892 y(set)h(directly)g(rather)f(than)g(as)
h(a)g(meta-pre\014xed)f(escap)s(e)h(sequence.)59 b(The)1110
3002 y(default)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 3148
y Fs(page-completions)1110 3258 y Ft(If)j(set)i(to)f(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(Readline)g(uses)e(an)h(in)m(ternal)h
Fs(more)p Ft(-lik)m(e)f(pager)g(to)h(displa)m(y)1110
3367 y(a)e(screenful)f(of)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(at)f(a)g(time.)
47 b(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)e(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(')1110
3477 y(b)m(y)e(default.)630 3623 y Fs(print-completions-horizo)o(ntal)o
(ly)1110 3733 y Ft(If)23 b(set)i(to)g(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(Readline)g
(will)f(displa)m(y)g(completions)h(with)f(matc)m(hes)h(sorted)1110
3842 y(horizon)m(tally)45 b(in)e(alphab)s(etical)i(order,)i(rather)c
(than)g(do)m(wn)g(the)h(screen.)1110 3952 y(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 4098 y Fs(show-all-if-ambiguous)1110
4208 y Ft(This)e(alters)i(the)f(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)g(the)h
(completion)g(functions.)40 b(If)29 b(set)1110 4317 y(to)f(`)p
Fs(on)p Ft(',)g(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(more)f(than)f(one)h
(p)s(ossible)f(completion)h(cause)1110 4427 y(the)39
b(matc)m(hes)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(listed)h(immediately)i(instead)e(of)g
(ringing)g(the)g(b)s(ell.)1110 4536 y(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)g(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)630 4682 y Fs
(show-all-if-unmodified)1110 4792 y Ft(This)38 b(alters)h(the)g
(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)f(the)h(completion)h(functions)e(in)h(a)
1110 4902 y(fashion)25 b(similar)h(to)g Fq(sho)m(w-all-if-am)m(biguous)
p Ft(.)41 b(If)25 b(set)h(to)h(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)f(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)
1110 5011 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(more)f(than)f(one)i(p)s(ossible)e
(completion)i(without)f(an)m(y)g(p)s(ossible)f(par-)1110
5121 y(tial)43 b(completion)h(\(the)f(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h
(don't)f(share)g(a)h(common)1110 5230 y(pre\014x\))30
b(cause)g(the)h(matc)m(hes)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(listed)g(immediately)i
(instead)e(of)h(ring-)1110 5340 y(ing)g(the)f(b)s(ell.)41
b(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Fs(off)p
Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 96 102
TeXDict begin 96 101 bop 150 -116 a Ft(96)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(visible-stats)1110
408 y Ft(If)g(set)i(to)f(`)p Fs(on)p Ft(',)h(a)f(c)m(haracter)i
(denoting)e(a)g(\014le's)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)
1110 518 y(\014lename)e(when)e(listing)i(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)42
b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p Fs(off)p Ft('.)150 675
y(Key)f(Bindings)630 784 y(The)41 b(syn)m(tax)i(for)f(con)m(trolling)h
(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e(in)h(the)g(init)g(\014le)g(is)g(simple.)75
b(First)43 b(y)m(ou)630 894 y(need)27 b(to)i(\014nd)d(the)i(name)f(of)h
(the)g(command)f(that)i(y)m(ou)f(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)g(c)m(hange.)41
b(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)630 1003 y(sections)37 b(con)m(tain)g(tables)g
(of)f(the)g(command)f(name,)j(the)e(default)g(k)m(eybinding,)h(if)f(an)
m(y)-8 b(,)630 1113 y(and)30 b(a)h(short)f(description)g(of)h(what)f
(the)g(command)h(do)s(es.)630 1246 y(Once)36 b(y)m(ou)g(kno)m(w)g(the)g
(name)g(of)g(the)g(command,)h(simply)f(place)h(on)e(a)i(line)f(in)g
(the)g(init)630 1356 y(\014le)e(the)g(name)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)g(y)m
(ou)g(wish)f(to)h(bind)f(the)h(command)f(to,)i(a)f(colon,)i(and)d(then)
630 1465 y(the)f(name)h(of)f(the)g(command.)46 b(There)32
b(can)g(b)s(e)g(no)g(space)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)f(k)m(ey)h(name)g
(and)630 1575 y(the)41 b(colon)h({)f(that)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(in)m
(terpreted)g(as)g(part)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)h(name.)72
b(The)40 b(name)h(of)630 1684 y(the)35 b(k)m(ey)g(can)g(b)s(e)f
(expressed)f(in)i(di\013eren)m(t)g(w)m(a)m(ys,)h(dep)s(ending)d(on)h
(what)h(y)m(ou)g(\014nd)e(most)630 1794 y(comfortable.)630
1927 y(In)i(addition)h(to)h(command)f(names,)i(readline)e(allo)m(ws)h
(k)m(eys)g(to)g(b)s(e)e(b)s(ound)f(to)j(a)f(string)630
2037 y(that)31 b(is)f(inserted)h(when)e(the)i(k)m(ey)g(is)f(pressed)g
(\(a)h Fq(macro)5 b Ft(\).)630 2170 y(The)42 b Fs(bind)30
b(-p)42 b Ft(command)h(displa)m(ys)g(Readline)g(function)g(names)g(and)
f(bindings)g(in)h(a)630 2279 y(format)37 b(that)h(can)f(put)f(directly)
i(in)m(to)g(an)f(initialization)j(\014le.)60 b(See)38
b(Section)f(4.2)i([Bash)630 2389 y(Builtins],)31 b(page)g(41.)630
2545 y Fq(k)m(eyname)5 b Ft(:)42 b Fq(function-name)35
b Ft(or)c Fq(macro)1110 2655 y(k)m(eyname)k Ft(is)29
b(the)f(name)h(of)g(a)g(k)m(ey)h(sp)s(elled)e(out)h(in)g(English.)39
b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example:)1350 2788 y Fs(Control-u:)45
b(universal-argument)1350 2898 y(Meta-Rubout:)f(backward-kill-word)1350
3007 y(Control-o:)h(">)i(output")1110 3140 y Ft(In)38
b(the)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(example,)h Fj(C-u)d Ft(is)h(b)s(ound)d(to)k
(the)e(function)h Fs(universal-)1110 3250 y(argument)p
Ft(,)f Fj(M-DEL)e Ft(is)i(b)s(ound)e(to)i(the)g(function)g
Fs(backward-kill-word)p Ft(,)1110 3360 y(and)g Fj(C-o)g
Ft(is)h(b)s(ound)e(to)j(run)d(the)j(macro)f(expressed)g(on)f(the)i
(righ)m(t)f(hand)1110 3469 y(side)30 b(\(that)i(is,)e(to)h(insert)g
(the)f(text)i(`)p Fs(>)e(output)p Ft(')f(in)m(to)i(the)g(line\).)1110
3602 y(A)37 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(c)m(haracter)i
(names)e(are)g(recognized)h(while)f(pro-)1110 3712 y(cessing)24
b(this)g(k)m(ey)g(binding)f(syn)m(tax:)37 b Fq(DEL)p
Ft(,)24 b Fq(ESC)p Ft(,)f Fq(ESCAPE)p Ft(,)g Fq(LFD)p
Ft(,)h Fq(NEW-)1110 3821 y(LINE)p Ft(,)30 b Fq(RET)p
Ft(,)g Fq(RETURN)p Ft(,)h Fq(R)m(UBOUT)p Ft(,)g Fq(SP)-8
b(A)m(CE)p Ft(,)30 b Fq(SPC)p Ft(,)g(and)f Fq(T)-8 b(AB)p
Ft(.)630 3978 y Fs(")p Fq(k)m(eyseq)r Fs(")p Ft(:)41
b Fq(function-name)36 b Ft(or)30 b Fq(macro)1110 4088
y(k)m(eyseq)k Ft(di\013ers)d(from)f Fq(k)m(eyname)37
b Ft(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)32 b(in)f(that)h(strings)f(denoting)g(an)g(en-)1110
4197 y(tire)j(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(can)g(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)h(b)m
(y)f(placing)i(the)f(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g(in)1110 4307
y(double)29 b(quotes.)41 b(Some)29 b Fl(gnu)h Ft(Emacs)f(st)m(yle)i(k)m
(ey)f(escap)s(es)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used,)g(as)1110 4416
y(in)k(the)h(follo)m(wing)i(example,)f(but)e(the)h(sp)s(ecial)h(c)m
(haracter)g(names)f(are)g(not)1110 4526 y(recognized.)1350
4659 y Fs("\\C-u":)46 b(universal-argument)1350 4769
y("\\C-x\\C-r":)f(re-read-init-file)1350 4878 y("\\e[11~":)g("Function)
h(Key)g(1")1110 5011 y Ft(In)64 b(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(example,)74
b Fj(C-u)64 b Ft(is)g(again)i(b)s(ound)c(to)k(the)e(function)1110
5121 y Fs(universal-argument)39 b Ft(\(just)k(as)h(it)g(w)m(as)g(in)g
(the)f(\014rst)g(example\),)49 b(`)p Fj(C-x)1110 5230
y(C-r)p Ft(')41 b(is)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)f(function)g
Fs(re-read-init-file)p Ft(,)e(and)i(`)3462 5227 y Fg(h)p
3486 5174 139 4 v 3486 5230 a Ff(ESC)p 3486 5246 V 3620
5227 a Fg(i)31 b(h)p 3705 5174 20 4 v 3705 5230 a Ff([)p
3705 5247 V 3720 5227 a Fg(i)1110 5337 y(h)p 1134 5284
36 4 v 1134 5340 a Ff(1)p 1134 5355 V 1165 5337 a Fg(i)f(h)p
1250 5284 V 1250 5340 a Ff(1)p 1250 5355 V 1281 5337
a Fg(i)g(h)p 1365 5284 48 4 v 1365 5340 a Fs(~)p 1365
5355 V 1409 5337 a Fg(i)1438 5340 y Ft(')h(is)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(insert)
f(the)h(text)g(`)p Fs(Function)d(Key)i(1)p Ft('.)p eop
end
%%Page: 97 103
TeXDict begin 97 102 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(97)630 299 y(The)29
b(follo)m(wing)i Fl(gnu)f Ft(Emacs)g(st)m(yle)h(escap)s(e)f(sequences)g
(are)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)32 b(when)d(sp)s(ecifying)630
408 y(k)m(ey)i(sequences:)630 572 y Fj(\\C-)336 b Ft(con)m(trol)32
b(pre\014x)630 736 y Fj(\\M-)336 b Ft(meta)31 b(pre\014x)630
899 y Fj(\\e)384 b Ft(an)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter)630
1063 y Fj(\\\\)384 b Ft(bac)m(kslash)630 1226 y Fj(\\)p
Fs(")1110 1223 y Fg(h)p 1134 1170 48 4 v 1134 1226 a
Fs(")p 1134 1241 V 1178 1223 a Fg(i)1208 1226 y Ft(,)30
b(a)h(double)f(quotation)h(mark)630 1390 y Fj(\\')1110
1387 y Fg(h)p 1134 1334 20 4 v 1134 1390 a Ff(')p 1134
1405 V 1150 1387 a Fg(i)1179 1390 y Ft(,)g(a)g(single)g(quote)g(or)f
(ap)s(ostrophe)630 1553 y(In)d(addition)h(to)g(the)g
Fl(gnu)f Ft(Emacs)h(st)m(yle)h(escap)s(e)f(sequences,)h(a)f(second)f
(set)h(of)g(bac)m(kslash)630 1663 y(escap)s(es)j(is)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable:)630 1826 y Fs(\\a)384 b Ft(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))630
1990 y Fs(\\b)384 b Ft(bac)m(kspace)630 2153 y Fs(\\d)g
Ft(delete)630 2317 y Fs(\\f)g Ft(form)30 b(feed)630 2480
y Fs(\\n)384 b Ft(newline)630 2644 y Fs(\\r)g Ft(carriage)32
b(return)630 2807 y Fs(\\t)384 b Ft(horizon)m(tal)32
b(tab)630 2971 y Fs(\\v)384 b Ft(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)630
3134 y Fs(\\)p Fj(nnn)288 b Ft(the)35 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(the)f(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5
b(alue)35 b Fq(nnn)e Ft(\(one)i(to)1110 3244 y(three)c(digits\))630
3407 y Fs(\\x)p Fj(HH)288 b Ft(the)40 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)h(the)f(hexadecimal)i(v)-5
b(alue)40 b Fq(HH)1110 3517 y Ft(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
(digits\))630 3681 y(When)37 b(en)m(tering)h(the)g(text)g(of)g(a)g
(macro,)i(single)e(or)f(double)g(quotes)h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)
630 3790 y(indicate)23 b(a)e(macro)h(de\014nition.)38
b(Unquoted)21 b(text)i(is)e(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)h(function)f
(name.)38 b(In)630 3900 y(the)22 b(macro)f(b)s(o)s(dy)-8
b(,)23 b(the)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(es)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m
(e)j(are)e(expanded.)37 b(Bac)m(kslash)630 4009 y(will)j(quote)h(an)m
(y)f(other)g(c)m(haracter)i(in)d(the)i(macro)f(text,)k(including)39
b(`)p Fs(")p Ft(')h(and)g(`)p Fs(')p Ft('.)69 b(F)-8
b(or)630 4119 y(example,)28 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(binding)d(will)i
(mak)m(e)h(`)p Fj(C-x)j Fs(\\)p Ft(')c(insert)f(a)h(single)h(`)p
Fs(\\)p Ft(')f(in)m(to)g(the)g(line:)870 4255 y Fs("\\C-x\\\\":)45
b("\\\\")150 4488 y Fk(8.3.2)63 b(Conditional)41 b(Init)g(Constructs)
275 4736 y Ft(Readline)36 b(implemen)m(ts)f(a)h(facilit)m(y)i(similar)d
(in)g(spirit)g(to)h(the)g(conditional)h(compilation)g(features)150
4846 y(of)e(the)f(C)g(prepro)s(cessor)g(whic)m(h)g(allo)m(ws)i(k)m(ey)f
(bindings)e(and)h(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(settings)h(to)f(b)s(e)f(p)s
(erformed)f(as)150 4955 y(the)e(result)f(of)g(tests.)42
b(There)30 b(are)h(four)e(parser)h(directiv)m(es)i(used.)150
5121 y Fs($if)336 b Ft(The)31 b Fs($if)f Ft(construct)i(allo)m(ws)h
(bindings)d(to)i(b)s(e)e(made)i(based)f(on)g(the)g(editing)h(mo)s(de,)g
(the)630 5230 y(terminal)39 b(b)s(eing)e(used,)j(or)e(the)g
(application)h(using)f(Readline.)64 b(The)38 b(text)h(of)f(the)g(test)
630 5340 y(extends)30 b(to)h(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(line;)g(no)f(c)m
(haracters)i(are)f(required)e(to)i(isolate)i(it.)p eop
end
%%Page: 98 104
TeXDict begin 98 103 bop 150 -116 a Ft(98)2572 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(mode)288 b Ft(The)20
b Fs(mode=)g Ft(form)g(of)h(the)g Fs($if)f Ft(directiv)m(e)j(is)e(used)
f(to)h(test)h(whether)e(Readline)1110 408 y(is)29 b(in)h
Fs(emacs)e Ft(or)h Fs(vi)g Ft(mo)s(de.)40 b(This)29 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e
(used)h(in)g(conjunction)h(with)f(the)1110 518 y(`)p
Fs(set)h(keymap)p Ft(')c(command,)i(for)f(instance,)i(to)f(set)g
(bindings)f(in)g(the)h Fs(emacs-)1110 628 y(standard)23
b Ft(and)h Fs(emacs-ctlx)f Ft(k)m(eymaps)i(only)g(if)g(Readline)h(is)f
(starting)h(out)1110 737 y(in)k Fs(emacs)f Ft(mo)s(de.)630
897 y Fs(term)288 b Ft(The)26 b Fs(term=)g Ft(form)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
(used)g(to)i(include)f(terminal-sp)s(eci\014c)g(k)m(ey)h(bind-)1110
1006 y(ings,)38 b(p)s(erhaps)c(to)j(bind)e(the)h(k)m(ey)h(sequences)f
(output)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(terminal's)1110 1116 y(function)24
b(k)m(eys.)39 b(The)23 b(w)m(ord)h(on)f(the)i(righ)m(t)f(side)g(of)g
(the)g(`)p Fs(=)p Ft(')g(is)g(tested)h(against)1110 1225
y(b)s(oth)k(the)h(full)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(terminal)h(and)e(the)i(p)s
(ortion)e(of)h(the)g(terminal)1110 1335 y(name)k(b)s(efore)f(the)g
(\014rst)g(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)50 b(This)33 b(allo)m(ws)i
Fs(sun)e Ft(to)h(matc)m(h)g(b)s(oth)f Fs(sun)g Ft(and)1110
1445 y Fs(sun-cmd)p Ft(,)c(for)h(instance.)630 1604 y
Fs(application)1110 1714 y Ft(The)21 b Fq(application)j
Ft(construct)e(is)g(used)f(to)i(include)f(application-sp)s(eci\014c)h
(set-)1110 1823 y(tings.)39 b(Eac)m(h)26 b(program)e(using)g(the)h
(Readline)g(library)g(sets)g(the)g Fq(application)1110
1933 y(name)p Ft(,)g(and)e(y)m(ou)g(can)h(test)g(for)f(a)g(particular)h
(v)-5 b(alue.)39 b(This)22 b(could)h(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)1110
2042 y(bind)32 b(k)m(ey)h(sequences)g(to)h(functions)e(useful)g(for)h
(a)g(sp)s(eci\014c)f(program.)48 b(F)-8 b(or)1110 2152
y(instance,)35 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(command)f(adds)f(a)i(k)m(ey)f
(sequence)h(that)f(quotes)1110 2262 y(the)e(curren)m(t)f(or)g(previous)
g(w)m(ord)g(in)g(Bash:)1350 2396 y Fs($if)47 b(Bash)1350
2506 y(#)g(Quote)g(the)g(current)f(or)h(previous)e(word)1350
2615 y("\\C-xq":)h("\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")1350 2725 y($endif)150
2884 y($endif)192 b Ft(This)29 b(command,)i(as)f(seen)h(in)f(the)g
(previous)g(example,)h(terminates)g(an)g Fs($if)e Ft(command.)150
3044 y Fs($else)240 b Ft(Commands)29 b(in)h(this)h(branc)m(h)e(of)i
(the)f Fs($if)g Ft(directiv)m(e)i(are)f(executed)g(if)f(the)h(test)g
(fails.)150 3203 y Fs($include)96 b Ft(This)43 b(directiv)m(e)i(tak)m
(es)g(a)e(single)i(\014lename)e(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(and)f(reads)g
(commands)630 3313 y(and)38 b(bindings)f(from)h(that)i(\014le.)65
b(F)-8 b(or)39 b(example,)j(the)d(follo)m(wing)h(directiv)m(e)g(reads)e
(from)630 3422 y(`)p Fs(/etc/inputrc)p Ft(':)870 3557
y Fs($include)46 b(/etc/inputrc)150 3781 y Fk(8.3.3)63
b(Sample)41 b(Init)g(File)275 4025 y Ft(Here)31 b(is)f(an)g(example)i
(of)e(an)g Fq(inputrc)35 b Ft(\014le.)42 b(This)29 b(illustrates)j(k)m
(ey)f(binding,)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(assignmen)m(t,)150
4134 y(and)f(conditional)h(syn)m(tax.)p eop end
%%Page: 99 105
TeXDict begin 99 104 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2107 b(99)390 408 y Fs(#)47
b(This)g(file)g(controls)e(the)i(behaviour)e(of)j(line)e(input)h
(editing)e(for)390 518 y(#)i(programs)f(that)h(use)g(the)f(GNU)h
(Readline)f(library.)93 b(Existing)390 628 y(#)47 b(programs)f(include)
g(FTP,)g(Bash,)h(and)g(GDB.)390 737 y(#)390 847 y(#)g(You)g(can)g
(re-read)f(the)h(inputrc)f(file)g(with)h(C-x)g(C-r.)390
956 y(#)g(Lines)g(beginning)e(with)i('#')g(are)g(comments.)390
1066 y(#)390 1176 y(#)g(First,)g(include)e(any)i(systemwide)e(bindings)
h(and)h(variable)390 1285 y(#)g(assignments)e(from)i(/etc/Inputrc)390
1395 y($include)f(/etc/Inputrc)390 1614 y(#)390 1724
y(#)h(Set)g(various)f(bindings)g(for)h(emacs)f(mode.)390
1943 y(set)h(editing-mode)d(emacs)390 2162 y($if)j(mode=emacs)390
2381 y(Meta-Control-h:)91 b(backward-kill-word)43 b(Text)k(after)f(the)
h(function)f(name)g(is)h(ignored)390 2600 y(#)390 2710
y(#)g(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(keypad)e(mode)390 2819 y(#)390
2929 y(#"\\M-OD":)379 b(backward-char)390 3039 y(#"\\M-OC":)g
(forward-char)390 3148 y(#"\\M-OA":)g(previous-history)390
3258 y(#"\\M-OB":)g(next-history)390 3367 y(#)390 3477
y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(ANSI)e(mode)390 3587 y(#)390
3696 y("\\M-[D":)380 b(backward-char)390 3806 y("\\M-[C":)g
(forward-char)390 3915 y("\\M-[A":)g(previous-history)390
4025 y("\\M-[B":)g(next-history)390 4134 y(#)390 4244
y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(8)f(bit)g(keypad)f(mode)390
4354 y(#)390 4463 y(#"\\M-\\C-OD":)331 b(backward-char)390
4573 y(#"\\M-\\C-OC":)g(forward-char)390 4682 y(#"\\M-\\C-OA":)g
(previous-history)390 4792 y(#"\\M-\\C-OB":)g(next-history)390
4902 y(#)390 5011 y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(8)f(bit)g(ANSI)g(mode)
390 5121 y(#)390 5230 y(#"\\M-\\C-[D":)331 b(backward-char)390
5340 y(#"\\M-\\C-[C":)g(forward-char)p eop end
%%Page: 100 106
TeXDict begin 100 105 bop 150 -116 a Ft(100)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)390 299 y Fs(#"\\M-\\C-[A":)331
b(previous-history)390 408 y(#"\\M-\\C-[B":)g(next-history)390
628 y(C-q:)47 b(quoted-insert)390 847 y($endif)390 1066
y(#)g(An)h(old-style)d(binding.)93 b(This)47 b(happens)f(to)h(be)g(the)
g(default.)390 1176 y(TAB:)g(complete)390 1395 y(#)g(Macros)g(that)f
(are)h(convenient)e(for)i(shell)f(interaction)390 1504
y($if)h(Bash)390 1614 y(#)g(edit)g(the)g(path)390 1724
y("\\C-xp":)f("PATH=${PATH}\\e\\C-e\\C-a)o(\\ef)o(\\C-f)o(")390
1833 y(#)h(prepare)f(to)h(type)g(a)h(quoted)e(word)g(--)390
1943 y(#)h(insert)g(open)f(and)h(close)f(double)h(quotes)390
2052 y(#)g(and)g(move)g(to)g(just)g(after)f(the)h(open)g(quote)390
2162 y("\\C-x\\"":)e("\\"\\"\\C-b")390 2271 y(#)i(insert)g(a)g
(backslash)e(\(testing)h(backslash)f(escapes)390 2381
y(#)i(in)h(sequences)d(and)i(macros\))390 2491 y("\\C-x\\\\":)e("\\\\")
390 2600 y(#)i(Quote)g(the)g(current)f(or)h(previous)e(word)390
2710 y("\\C-xq":)h("\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")390 2819 y(#)h(Add)g(a)h(binding)e
(to)h(refresh)f(the)h(line,)f(which)g(is)h(unbound)390
2929 y("\\C-xr":)f(redraw-current-line)390 3039 y(#)h(Edit)g(variable)f
(on)h(current)f(line.)390 3148 y("\\M-\\C-v":)f
("\\C-a\\C-k$\\C-y\\M-\\C-e\\C-)o(a\\C-)o(y=")390 3258
y($endif)390 3477 y(#)i(use)g(a)h(visible)e(bell)g(if)h(one)g(is)h
(available)390 3587 y(set)f(bell-style)e(visible)390
3806 y(#)i(don't)g(strip)f(characters)f(to)i(7)h(bits)e(when)h(reading)
390 3915 y(set)g(input-meta)e(on)390 4134 y(#)i(allow)g(iso-latin1)e
(characters)g(to)i(be)g(inserted)f(rather)390 4244 y(#)h(than)g
(converted)e(to)j(prefix-meta)c(sequences)390 4354 y(set)j
(convert-meta)d(off)390 4573 y(#)j(display)f(characters)f(with)i(the)g
(eighth)f(bit)h(set)g(directly)390 4682 y(#)g(rather)g(than)f(as)h
(meta-prefixed)e(characters)390 4792 y(set)i(output-meta)e(on)390
5011 y(#)i(if)h(there)e(are)h(more)g(than)f(150)h(possible)f
(completions)e(for)390 5121 y(#)j(a)h(word,)e(ask)h(the)g(user)g(if)g
(he)g(wants)f(to)i(see)f(all)f(of)i(them)390 5230 y(set)f
(completion-query-items)42 b(150)p eop end
%%Page: 101 107
TeXDict begin 101 106 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(101)390 299 y Fs(#)47
b(For)g(FTP)390 408 y($if)g(Ftp)390 518 y("\\C-xg":)f("get)g(\\M-?")390
628 y("\\C-xt":)g("put)g(\\M-?")390 737 y("\\M-.":)g(yank-last-arg)390
847 y($endif)150 1086 y Fr(8.4)68 b(Bindable)45 b(Readline)i(Commands)
275 1323 y Ft(This)34 b(section)j(describ)s(es)e(Readline)h(commands)g
(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(k)m(ey)h(sequences.)56
b(Y)-8 b(ou)150 1433 y(can)29 b(list)g(y)m(our)g(k)m(ey)g(bindings)f(b)
m(y)h(executing)g Fs(bind)h(-P)e Ft(or,)h(for)g(a)g(more)f(terse)i
(format,)f(suitable)h(for)e(an)150 1543 y Fq(inputrc)34
b Ft(\014le,)29 b Fs(bind)g(-p)p Ft(.)40 b(\(See)30 b(Section)f(4.2)h
([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41.\))41 b(Command)28 b(names)h(without)
150 1652 y(an)h(accompan)m(ying)i(k)m(ey)f(sequence)g(are)g(un)m(b)s
(ound)d(b)m(y)i(default.)275 1780 y(In)25 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)i
(descriptions,)f Fq(p)s(oin)m(t)h Ft(refers)e(to)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g
(cursor)g(p)s(osition,)h(and)f Fq(mark)31 b Ft(refers)150
1890 y(to)40 b(a)f(cursor)f(p)s(osition)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)g
Fs(set-mark)d Ft(command.)66 b(The)38 b(text)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)f
(p)s(oin)m(t)g(and)150 2000 y(mark)30 b(is)h(referred)e(to)i(as)g(the)f
Fq(region)p Ft(.)150 2205 y Fk(8.4.1)63 b(Commands)42
b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Mo)m(ving)150 2443 y Fs(beginning-of-line)26
b(\(C-a\))630 2553 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(start)h(of)g(the)f
(curren)m(t)g(line.)150 2700 y Fs(end-of-line)d(\(C-e\))630
2809 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150
2956 y Fs(forward-char)c(\(C-f\))630 3066 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32
b(forw)m(ard)e(a)h(c)m(haracter.)150 3213 y Fs(backward-char)c(\(C-b\))
630 3322 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(bac)m(k)g(a)e(c)m(haracter.)150
3469 y Fs(forward-word)d(\(M-f\))630 3579 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32
b(forw)m(ard)e(to)h(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(next)f(w)m(ord.)41
b(W)-8 b(ords)30 b(are)h(comp)s(osed)f(of)g(letters)i(and)630
3689 y(digits.)150 3835 y Fs(backward-word)27 b(\(M-b\))630
3945 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)36 b(bac)m(k)e(to)g(the)g(start)g(of)g(the)g
(curren)m(t)f(or)g(previous)g(w)m(ord.)50 b(W)-8 b(ords)34
b(are)g(comp)s(osed)630 4055 y(of)d(letters)g(and)f(digits.)150
4202 y Fs(clear-screen)d(\(C-l\))630 4311 y Ft(Clear)g(the)g(screen)f
(and)h(redra)m(w)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line,)i(lea)m(ving)g(the)f
(curren)m(t)g(line)g(at)g(the)g(top)630 4421 y(of)k(the)f(screen.)150
4568 y Fs(redraw-current-line)25 b(\(\))630 4677 y Ft(Refresh)30
b(the)g(curren)m(t)h(line.)41 b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)f(is)h(un)m(b)s
(ound.)150 4883 y Fk(8.4.2)63 b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41
b(Manipulating)h(The)f(History)150 5121 y Fs(accept-line)27
b(\(Newline)h(or)i(Return\))630 5230 y Ft(Accept)25 b(the)e(line)h
(regardless)g(of)f(where)g(the)h(cursor)e(is.)39 b(If)23
b(this)g(line)h(is)f(non-empt)m(y)-8 b(,)26 b(add)c(it)630
5340 y(to)27 b(the)f(history)g(list)h(according)g(to)g(the)f(setting)i
(of)e(the)g Fs(HISTCONTROL)d Ft(and)j Fs(HISTIGNORE)p
eop end
%%Page: 102 108
TeXDict begin 102 107 bop 150 -116 a Ft(102)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(v)-5 b(ariables.)42
b(If)30 b(this)h(line)g(is)g(a)g(mo)s(di\014ed)e(history)i(line,)g
(then)f(restore)i(the)f(history)f(line)h(to)630 408 y(its)g(original)g
(state.)150 555 y Fs(previous-history)26 b(\(C-p\))630
664 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`bac)m(k')g(through)e(the)g(history)h(list,)g
(fetc)m(hing)g(the)g(previous)f(command.)150 810 y Fs(next-history)d
(\(C-n\))630 920 y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`forw)m(ard')f(through)e(the)i
(history)f(list,)i(fetc)m(hing)f(the)g(next)f(command.)150
1066 y Fs(beginning-of-history)25 b(\(M-<\))630 1176
y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(\014rst)g(line)g(in)h(the)f(history)-8
b(.)150 1322 y Fs(end-of-history)26 b(\(M->\))630 1431
y Ft(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h(input)e(history)-8
b(,)31 b(i.e.,)h(the)f(line)f(curren)m(tly)h(b)s(eing)f(en)m(tered.)150
1577 y Fs(reverse-search-history)24 b(\(C-r\))630 1687
y Ft(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g
(line)g(and)g(mo)m(ving)h(`up')e(through)h(the)g(his-)630
1797 y(tory)g(as)f(necessary)-8 b(.)42 b(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(incremen)m
(tal)i(searc)m(h.)150 1943 y Fs(forward-search-history)24
b(\(C-s\))630 2052 y Ft(Searc)m(h)30 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)g
(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line)h(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')f(through)g(the)
h(the)630 2162 y(history)g(as)h(necessary)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30
b(is)g(an)h(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h.)150 2308 y Fs
(non-incremental-reverse-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24
b(\(M-p\))630 2418 y Ft(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g
(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(mo)m(ving)h(`up')e(through)h(the)g
(his-)630 2527 y(tory)36 b(as)g(necessary)h(using)e(a)i(non-incremen)m
(tal)g(searc)m(h)f(for)g(a)g(string)g(supplied)f(b)m(y)h(the)630
2637 y(user.)150 2783 y Fs(non-incremental-forward-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o
(ist)o(ory)24 b(\(M-n\))630 2892 y Ft(Searc)m(h)30 b(forw)m(ard)f
(starting)h(at)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line)h(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')
f(through)g(the)h(the)630 3002 y(history)d(as)f(necessary)i(using)e(a)h
(non-incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h)h(for)e(a)h(string)g(supplied)e(b)m(y)i
(the)630 3112 y(user.)150 3258 y Fs(history-search-forward)d(\(\))630
3367 y Ft(Searc)m(h)42 b(forw)m(ard)f(through)f(the)i(history)f(for)g
(the)h(string)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)630
3477 y(start)36 b(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(the)g(p)s(oin)m
(t.)55 b(This)34 b(is)i(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)56
b(By)630 3587 y(default,)31 b(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
3733 y Fs(history-search-backward)24 b(\(\))630 3842
y Ft(Searc)m(h)35 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(through)f(the)h(history)g(for)g
(the)f(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)630
3952 y(start)g(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)
55 b(This)34 b(is)i(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)56
b(By)630 4061 y(default,)31 b(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
4208 y Fs(yank-nth-arg)c(\(M-C-y\))630 4317 y Ft(Insert)37
b(the)g(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)i(to)f(the)h(previous)e(command)h
(\(usually)g(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)630 4427 y(on)32
b(the)g(previous)f(line\))i(at)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)46 b(With)32
b(an)g(argumen)m(t)g Fq(n)p Ft(,)g(insert)g(the)g Fq(n)p
Ft(th)f(w)m(ord)g(from)630 4536 y(the)k(previous)f(command)h(\(the)g(w)
m(ords)g(in)f(the)h(previous)g(command)f(b)s(egin)h(with)f(w)m(ord)630
4646 y(0\).)69 b(A)40 b(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t)f(inserts)g(the)f
Fq(n)p Ft(th)g(w)m(ord)g(from)g(the)h(end)f(of)h(the)f(previous)630
4755 y(command.)48 b(Once)33 b(the)g(argumen)m(t)h Fq(n)e
Ft(is)h(computed,)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(extracted)i(as)e(if)630
4865 y(the)e(`)p Fs(!)p Fj(n)11 b Ft(')29 b(history)i(expansion)f(had)g
(b)s(een)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 5011 y Fs(yank-last-arg)e(\(M-.)i(or)h
(M-_\))630 5121 y Ft(Insert)k(last)i(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(the)f(previous)
f(command)h(\(the)h(last)f(w)m(ord)g(of)g(the)g(previous)630
5230 y(history)c(en)m(try\).)41 b(With)31 b(an)g(argumen)m(t,)g(b)s
(eha)m(v)m(e)g(exactly)i(lik)m(e)f Fs(yank-nth-arg)p
Ft(.)38 b(Succes-)630 5340 y(siv)m(e)d(calls)h(to)f Fs(yank-last-arg)c
Ft(mo)m(v)m(e)36 b(bac)m(k)g(through)d(the)i(history)g(list,)h
(inserting)f(the)p eop end
%%Page: 103 109
TeXDict begin 103 108 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(103)630 299 y(last)32
b(argumen)m(t)f(of)g(eac)m(h)h(line)f(in)f(turn.)41 b(The)30
b(history)h(expansion)f(facilities)j(are)e(used)f(to)630
408 y(extract)i(the)e(last)i(argumen)m(t,)f(as)f(if)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(!$)p Ft(')g(history)h(expansion)f(had)g(b)s(een)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)
150 636 y Fk(8.4.3)63 b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Changing)g(T)-10
b(ext)150 881 y Fs(delete-char)27 b(\(C-d\))630 990 y
Ft(Delete)41 b(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(at)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)66
b(If)39 b(p)s(oin)m(t)f(is)h(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(the)g
(line,)j(there)630 1100 y(are)37 b(no)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i
(line,)h(and)d(the)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(w)m(as)g(not)g
(b)s(ound)e(to)630 1209 y Fs(delete-char)p Ft(,)28 b(then)i(return)f
Fl(eof)p Ft(.)150 1370 y Fs(backward-delete-char)c(\(Rubout\))630
1480 y Ft(Delete)32 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)g(b)s(ehind)e(the)h(cursor.)40
b(A)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)h(means)f(to)h(kill)g(the)630
1590 y(c)m(haracters)h(instead)e(of)h(deleting)g(them.)150
1751 y Fs(forward-backward-delete-)o(char)24 b(\(\))630
1860 y Ft(Delete)40 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(under)c(the)j(cursor,)h
(unless)d(the)i(cursor)e(is)h(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)630
1970 y(line,)33 b(in)e(whic)m(h)g(case)i(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s
(ehind)d(the)i(cursor)f(is)g(deleted.)46 b(By)32 b(default,)g(this)630
2079 y(is)e(not)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(a)g(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150
2240 y Fs(quoted-insert)27 b(\(C-q)i(or)h(C-v\))630 2350
y Ft(Add)j(the)i(next)f(c)m(haracter)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(to)h(the)f(line)h
(v)m(erbatim.)53 b(This)33 b(is)i(ho)m(w)f(to)h(insert)f(k)m(ey)630
2460 y(sequences)d(lik)m(e)g Fj(C-q)p Ft(,)f(for)g(example.)150
2621 y Fs(self-insert)d(\(a,)j(b,)g(A,)f(1,)h(!,)g(...)o(\))630
2730 y Ft(Insert)g(y)m(ourself.)150 2891 y Fs(transpose-chars)c
(\(C-t\))630 3001 y Ft(Drag)33 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g
(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)h(o)m(v)m(er)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(at)e(the)g
(cursor,)630 3110 y(mo)m(ving)k(the)g(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)g(as)g(w)m
(ell.)57 b(If)35 b(the)h(insertion)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(is)g(at)i(the)e(end)
g(of)h(the)630 3220 y(line,)24 b(then)e(this)g(transp)s(oses)f(the)h
(last)h(t)m(w)m(o)g(c)m(haracters)g(of)f(the)h(line.)38
b(Negativ)m(e)25 b(argumen)m(ts)630 3330 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32
b(no)e(e\013ect.)150 3491 y Fs(transpose-words)c(\(M-t\))630
3600 y Ft(Drag)33 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(past)g
(the)h(w)m(ord)f(after)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(mo)m(ving)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(past)
g(that)630 3710 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41 b(If)27
b(the)i(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)f(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f
(line,)i(this)e(transp)s(oses)g(the)630 3819 y(last)j(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m
(ords)e(on)g(the)h(line.)150 3980 y Fs(upcase-word)c(\(M-u\))630
4090 y Ft(Upp)s(ercase)32 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(\(or)g(follo)m(wing\))i
(w)m(ord.)45 b(With)32 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)j(argumen)m(t,)e(upp)s(er-)630
4199 y(case)e(the)g(previous)f(w)m(ord,)g(but)g(do)g(not)h(mo)m(v)m(e)h
(the)e(cursor.)150 4360 y Fs(downcase-word)d(\(M-l\))630
4470 y Ft(Lo)m(w)m(ercase)c(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)h(follo)m(wing\))i
(w)m(ord.)37 b(With)22 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t,)g(lo)m(w)m
(ercase)630 4580 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f(mo)m
(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)150 4741 y Fs(capitalize-word)26
b(\(M-c\))630 4850 y Ft(Capitalize)d(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)g(follo)m
(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)38 b(With)21 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t,)h
(capitalize)630 4960 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f
(mo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)150 5121 y Fs(overwrite-mode)26
b(\(\))630 5230 y Ft(T)-8 b(oggle)35 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)g(mo)s(de.)48
b(With)33 b(an)g(explicit)h(p)s(ositiv)m(e)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)
h(switc)m(hes)630 5340 y(to)22 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)i(mo)s(de.)37
b(With)22 b(an)g(explicit)h(non-p)s(ositiv)m(e)f(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m
(t,)i(switc)m(hes)e(to)p eop end
%%Page: 104 110
TeXDict begin 104 109 bop 150 -116 a Ft(104)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(insert)f(mo)s(de.)41
b(This)30 b(command)h(a\013ects)h(only)e Fs(emacs)f Ft(mo)s(de;)i
Fs(vi)f Ft(mo)s(de)g(do)s(es)g(o)m(v)m(erwrite)630 408
y(di\013eren)m(tly)-8 b(.)42 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(call)h(to)f
Fs(readline\(\))c Ft(starts)k(in)f(insert)g(mo)s(de.)630
539 y(In)e(o)m(v)m(erwrite)j(mo)s(de,)e(c)m(haracters)i(b)s(ound)c(to)j
Fs(self-insert)c Ft(replace)k(the)g(text)g(at)g(p)s(oin)m(t)630
648 y(rather)41 b(than)h(pushing)e(the)i(text)g(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t.)75
b(Characters)42 b(b)s(ound)d(to)j Fs(backward-)630 758
y(delete-char)27 b Ft(replace)32 b(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(b)s(efore)e(p)s
(oin)m(t)h(with)f(a)g(space.)630 888 y(By)h(default,)f(this)h(command)f
(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 1099 y Fk(8.4.4)63 b(Killing)42
b(And)e(Y)-10 b(anking)150 1339 y Fs(kill-line)28 b(\(C-k\))630
1449 y Ft(Kill)j(the)f(text)i(from)e(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)
i(the)f(line.)150 1599 y Fs(backward-kill-line)25 b(\(C-x)30
b(Rubout\))630 1709 y Ft(Kill)h(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(to)g(the)f(b)s
(eginning)g(of)g(the)h(line.)150 1860 y Fs(unix-line-discard)26
b(\(C-u\))630 1969 y Ft(Kill)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(from)e(the)i(cursor)
f(to)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150
2120 y Fs(kill-whole-line)c(\(\))630 2230 y Ft(Kill)37
b(all)g(c)m(haracters)h(on)f(the)f(curren)m(t)h(line,)h(no)f(matter)g
(where)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is.)59 b(By)36 b(default,)630
2339 y(this)30 b(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 2490 y Fs(kill-word)d(\(M-d\))
630 2600 y Ft(Kill)i(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f
(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)h
(the)g(end)630 2709 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40 b(W)-8
b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)g(as)f Fs(forward-word)p
Ft(.)150 2860 y Fs(backward-kill-word)25 b(\(M-)1183
2857 y Fg(h)p 1207 2804 146 4 v 1207 2860 a Ff(DEL)p
1207 2875 V 1348 2857 a Fg(i)1378 2860 y Fs(\))630 2970
y Ft(Kill)k(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)40
b(W)-8 b(ord)29 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)g(as)g
Fs(backward-word)p Ft(.)150 3120 y Fs(unix-word-rubout)d(\(C-w\))630
3230 y Ft(Kill)32 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(using)f
(white)h(space)g(as)g(a)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(oundary)-8 b(.)43
b(The)31 b(killed)630 3339 y(text)g(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f
(kill-ring.)150 3490 y Fs(unix-filename-rubout)25 b(\(\))630
3600 y Ft(Kill)37 b(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)j(using)e
(white)g(space)h(and)f(the)g(slash)g(c)m(haracter)i(as)f(the)630
3709 y(w)m(ord)30 b(b)s(oundaries.)39 b(The)30 b(killed)h(text)g(is)g
(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f(kill-ring.)150 3860 y Fs
(delete-horizontal-space)24 b(\(\))630 3970 y Ft(Delete)33
b(all)e(spaces)g(and)e(tabs)i(around)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)41
b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(is)f(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 4121
y Fs(kill-region)d(\(\))630 4230 y Ft(Kill)k(the)f(text)i(in)e(the)g
(curren)m(t)h(region.)41 b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f(is)g(un)
m(b)s(ound.)150 4381 y Fs(copy-region-as-kill)25 b(\(\))630
4490 y Ft(Cop)m(y)34 b(the)g(text)h(in)f(the)g(region)g(to)h(the)f
(kill)h(bu\013er,)f(so)g(it)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(y)m(ank)m(ed)i(righ)m(t)f
(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)630 4600 y(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f
(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 4751 y Fs(copy-backward-word)25
b(\(\))630 4860 y Ft(Cop)m(y)38 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m
(t)g(to)i(the)e(kill)h(bu\013er.)64 b(The)38 b(w)m(ord)g(b)s(oundaries)
f(are)i(the)630 4970 y(same)31 b(as)f Fs(backward-word)p
Ft(.)38 b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150
5121 y Fs(copy-forward-word)26 b(\(\))630 5230 y Ft(Cop)m(y)31
b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(follo)m(wing)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(to)h(the)f(kill)h
(bu\013er.)42 b(The)30 b(w)m(ord)h(b)s(oundaries)e(are)j(the)630
5340 y(same)f(as)f Fs(forward-word)p Ft(.)38 b(By)30
b(default,)h(this)g(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)p eop
end
%%Page: 105 111
TeXDict begin 105 110 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(105)150 299 y Fs(yank)29
b(\(C-y\))630 408 y Ft(Y)-8 b(ank)31 b(the)f(top)h(of)g(the)f(kill)h
(ring)f(in)m(to)i(the)e(bu\013er)g(at)h(p)s(oin)m(t.)150
558 y Fs(yank-pop)d(\(M-y\))630 667 y Ft(Rotate)36 b(the)f(kill-ring,)i
(and)d(y)m(ank)h(the)f(new)g(top.)54 b(Y)-8 b(ou)35 b(can)g(only)f(do)h
(this)f(if)h(the)g(prior)630 777 y(command)30 b(is)h
Fs(yank)e Ft(or)h Fs(yank-pop)p Ft(.)150 986 y Fk(8.4.5)63
b(Sp)s(ecifying)42 b(Numeric)f(Argumen)m(ts)150 1225
y Fs(digit-argument)26 b(\()p Fj(M-0)p Fs(,)j Fj(M-1)p
Fs(,)h(...)f Fj(M--)p Fs(\))630 1335 y Ft(Add)d(this)h(digit)g(to)h
(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(already)h(accum)m(ulating,)h(or)e(start)h(a)f(new)
f(argumen)m(t.)630 1445 y Fj(M--)j Ft(starts)i(a)g(negativ)m(e)i
(argumen)m(t.)150 1594 y Fs(universal-argument)25 b(\(\))630
1704 y Ft(This)g(is)g(another)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(sp)s(ecify)e(an)g
(argumen)m(t.)40 b(If)25 b(this)g(command)h(is)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m
(y)f(one)630 1813 y(or)k(more)f(digits,)i(optionally)g(with)e(a)h
(leading)h(min)m(us)e(sign,)h(those)g(digits)g(de\014ne)f(the)h(ar-)630
1923 y(gumen)m(t.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i(command)f(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)
m(y)f(digits,)i(executing)f Fs(universal-argument)630
2032 y Ft(again)j(ends)e(the)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(but)e(is)h
(otherwise)g(ignored.)45 b(As)32 b(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(case,)630
2142 y(if)g(this)g(command)f(is)h(immediately)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)
d(a)h(c)m(haracter)i(that)e(is)g(neither)g(a)g(digit)630
2252 y(or)28 b(min)m(us)f(sign,)i(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(coun)m(t)h(for)e
(the)i(next)f(command)f(is)h(m)m(ultiplied)h(b)m(y)e(four.)630
2361 y(The)37 b(argumen)m(t)h(coun)m(t)f(is)h(initially)h(one,)g(so)f
(executing)g(this)f(function)g(the)h(\014rst)e(time)630
2471 y(mak)m(es)d(the)e(argumen)m(t)i(coun)m(t)f(four,)f(a)i(second)e
(time)i(mak)m(es)f(the)g(argumen)m(t)g(coun)m(t)h(six-)630
2580 y(teen,)e(and)f(so)h(on.)40 b(By)31 b(default,)g(this)f(is)g(not)h
(b)s(ound)d(to)j(a)g(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150 2790 y Fk(8.4.6)63
b(Letting)40 b(Readline)h(T)m(yp)s(e)g(F)-10 b(or)42
b(Y)-10 b(ou)150 3029 y Fs(complete)28 b(\()610 3026
y Fg(h)p 634 2973 148 4 v 634 3029 a Ff(T)-6 b(AB)p 634
3044 V 778 3026 a Fg(i)808 3029 y Fs(\))630 3138 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)24
b(to)f(p)s(erform)e(completion)j(on)f(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)
m(t.)39 b(The)22 b(actual)i(completion)630 3248 y(p)s(erformed)33
b(is)h(application-sp)s(eci\014c.)53 b(Bash)35 b(attempts)g(completion)
g(treating)h(the)e(text)630 3357 y(as)39 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39
b(\(if)h(the)f(text)h(b)s(egins)e(with)h(`)p Fs($)p Ft('\),)j(username)
c(\(if)i(the)f(text)h(b)s(egins)e(with)630 3467 y(`)p
Fs(~)p Ft('\),)31 b(hostname)f(\(if)g(the)g(text)h(b)s(egins)e(with)h
(`)p Fs(@)p Ft('\),)h(or)f(command)f(\(including)h(aliases)i(and)630
3577 y(functions\))j(in)f(turn.)53 b(If)34 b(none)g(of)h(these)h(pro)s
(duces)d(a)i(matc)m(h,)i(\014lename)e(completion)h(is)630
3686 y(attempted.)150 3836 y Fs(possible-completions)25
b(\(M-?\))630 3945 y Ft(List)31 b(the)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(of)
e(the)h(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 4095 y Fs
(insert-completions)25 b(\(M-*\))630 4204 y Ft(Insert)30
b(all)h(completions)h(of)f(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(that)
g(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)e(generated)630 4314
y(b)m(y)g Fs(possible-completions)p Ft(.)150 4463 y Fs(menu-complete)d
(\(\))630 4573 y Ft(Similar)d(to)g Fs(complete)p Ft(,)f(but)h(replaces)
g(the)g(w)m(ord)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(completed)i(with)e(a)i(single)f(matc)m
(h)630 4682 y(from)37 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)64
b(Rep)s(eated)39 b(execution)g(of)f Fs(menu-complete)630
4792 y Ft(steps)i(through)g(the)g(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)g
(completions,)k(inserting)c(eac)m(h)i(matc)m(h)f(in)f(turn.)630
4902 y(A)m(t)e(the)f(end)f(of)h(the)g(list)g(of)g(completions,)i(the)e
(b)s(ell)g(is)g(rung)f(\(sub)5 b(ject)36 b(to)i(the)f(setting)630
5011 y(of)f Fs(bell-style)p Ft(\))e(and)h(the)h(original)i(text)f(is)f
(restored.)57 b(An)36 b(argumen)m(t)h(of)f Fq(n)f Ft(mo)m(v)m(es)i
Fq(n)630 5121 y Ft(p)s(ositions)e(forw)m(ard)f(in)g(the)h(list)h(of)e
(matc)m(hes;)39 b(a)c(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t)e(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f
(used)g(to)630 5230 y(mo)m(v)m(e)40 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)e(through)g(the)g
(list.)65 b(This)38 b(command)g(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(b)s
(ound)e(to)630 5337 y Fg(h)p 654 5284 V 654 5340 a Ff(T)-6
b(AB)p 654 5355 V 798 5337 a Fg(i)828 5340 y Ft(,)30
b(but)g(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound)e(b)m(y)i(default.)p eop end
%%Page: 106 112
TeXDict begin 106 111 bop 150 -116 a Ft(106)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(delete-char-or-list)25
b(\(\))630 408 y Ft(Deletes)k(the)e(c)m(haracter)h(under)e(the)h
(cursor)f(if)h(not)g(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)g(or)f(end)h(of)g(the)g
(line)630 518 y(\(lik)m(e)k Fs(delete-char)p Ft(\).)37
b(If)29 b(at)h(the)f(end)f(of)i(the)f(line,)h(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(iden)m
(tically)h(to)e Fs(possible-)630 628 y(completions)p
Ft(.)38 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m(y)i(default.)150
789 y Fs(complete-filename)c(\(M-/\))630 899 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32
b(\014lename)e(completion)i(on)e(the)h(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)
150 1060 y Fs(possible-filename-comple)o(tion)o(s)24
b(\(C-x)30 b(/\))630 1170 y Ft(List)f(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h
(of)g(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)h(it)f(as)g(a)f
(\014lename.)150 1331 y Fs(complete-username)e(\(M-~\))630
1441 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore)e(p)
s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(username.)150 1602
y Fs(possible-username-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30
b(~\))630 1712 y Ft(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f
(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)f(a)g
(username.)150 1873 y Fs(complete-variable)h(\(M-$\))630
1983 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore)e(p)
s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
2144 y Fs(possible-variable-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30
b($\))630 2254 y Ft(List)42 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f
(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)46 b(treating)d(it)f(as)g(a)h
(shell)630 2364 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 2525 y Fs(complete-hostname)26
b(\(M-@\))630 2635 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i
(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(hostname.)150
2796 y Fs(possible-hostname-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30
b(@\))630 2906 y Ft(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)g
(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)f(as)f(a)h
(hostname.)150 3067 y Fs(complete-command)h(\(M-!\))630
3177 y Ft(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)g(on)f(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)
s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)h(it)g(as)f(a)g(command)g(name.)630
3286 y(Command)46 b(completion)i(attempts)g(to)f(matc)m(h)h(the)f(text)
h(against)g(aliases,)53 b(reserv)m(ed)630 3396 y(w)m(ords,)36
b(shell)g(functions,)h(shell)e(builtins,)i(and)e(\014nally)g
(executable)i(\014lenames,)g(in)e(that)630 3505 y(order.)150
3667 y Fs(possible-command-complet)o(ions)24 b(\(C-x)29
b(!\))630 3777 y Ft(List)d(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)f(the)h
(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)g(a)f(command)630
3886 y(name.)150 4048 y Fs(dynamic-complete-history)e(\(M-)1470
4045 y Fg(h)p 1493 3992 148 4 v 1493 4048 a Ff(T)-6 b(AB)p
1493 4063 V 1637 4045 a Fg(i)1667 4048 y Fs(\))630 4157
y Ft(A)m(ttempt)31 b(completion)h(on)e(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s
(oin)m(t,)g(comparing)h(the)f(text)h(against)h(lines)630
4267 y(from)e(the)g(history)h(list)g(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completion)i
(matc)m(hes.)150 4428 y Fs(complete-into-braces)25 b(\(M-{\))630
4538 y Ft(P)m(erform)f(\014lename)f(completion)i(and)f(insert)f(the)h
(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(enclosed)630
4647 y(within)34 b(braces)h(so)f(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)37 b(to)e(the)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Section)h(3.5.1)g([Brace)g
(Ex-)630 4757 y(pansion],)30 b(page)h(17\).)150 4985
y Fk(8.4.7)63 b(Keyb)s(oard)41 b(Macros)150 5230 y Fs(start-kbd-macro)
26 b(\(C-x)j(\(\))630 5340 y Ft(Begin)i(sa)m(ving)h(the)e(c)m
(haracters)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(in)m(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(k)m(eyb)s(oard)
g(macro.)p eop end
%%Page: 107 113
TeXDict begin 107 112 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(107)150 299 y Fs(end-kbd-macro)27
b(\(C-x)i(\)\))630 408 y Ft(Stop)e(sa)m(ving)h(the)g(c)m(haracters)g(t)
m(yp)s(ed)f(in)m(to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)g(macro)h(and)f
(sa)m(v)m(e)i(the)630 518 y(de\014nition.)150 691 y Fs
(call-last-kbd-macro)c(\(C-x)k(e\))630 801 y Ft(Re-execute)37
b(the)e(last)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard)f(macro)h(de\014ned,)f(b)m(y)h(making)f
(the)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)630 911 y(macro)c(app)s(ear)f(as)g(if)h
(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(at)h(the)f(k)m(eyb)s(oard.)150 1163 y
Fk(8.4.8)63 b(Some)41 b(Miscellaneous)i(Commands)150
1414 y Fs(re-read-init-file)26 b(\(C-x)j(C-r\))630 1524
y Ft(Read)22 b(in)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(of)f(the)g
Fq(inputrc)27 b Ft(\014le,)d(and)d(incorp)s(orate)h(an)m(y)h(bindings)d
(or)i(v)-5 b(ariable)630 1633 y(assignmen)m(ts)31 b(found)e(there.)150
1807 y Fs(abort)g(\(C-g\))630 1916 y Ft(Ab)s(ort)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f
(editing)h(command)f(and)g(ring)h(the)f(terminal's)h(b)s(ell)g(\(sub)5
b(ject)26 b(to)i(the)630 2026 y(setting)j(of)g Fs(bell-style)p
Ft(\).)150 2199 y Fs(do-uppercase-version)25 b(\(M-a,)k(M-b,)g(M-)p
Fj(x)p Fs(,)g(...)o(\))630 2309 y Ft(If)e(the)h(meta\014ed)g(c)m
(haracter)h Fq(x)34 b Ft(is)28 b(lo)m(w)m(ercase,)i(run)d(the)g
(command)h(that)g(is)g(b)s(ound)d(to)k(the)630 2418 y(corresp)s(onding)
g(upp)s(ercase)h(c)m(haracter.)150 2592 y Fs(prefix-meta)d(\()753
2589 y Fg(h)p 777 2536 139 4 v 777 2592 a Ff(ESC)p 777
2607 V 911 2589 a Fg(i)941 2592 y Fs(\))630 2701 y Ft(Metafy)39
b(the)e(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(t)m(yp)s(ed.)62 b(This)37
b(is)g(for)h(k)m(eyb)s(oards)f(without)g(a)h(meta)g(k)m(ey)-8
b(.)630 2811 y(T)m(yping)30 b(`)968 2808 y Fg(h)p 993
2755 V 993 2811 a Ff(ESC)p 993 2826 V 1127 2808 a Fg(i)1187
2811 y Fs(f)p Ft(')g(is)g(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(t)m(yping)g
Fj(M-f)p Ft(.)150 2984 y Fs(undo)e(\(C-_)g(or)h(C-x)g(C-u\))630
3094 y Ft(Incremen)m(tal)h(undo,)f(separately)h(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(for)
g(eac)m(h)i(line.)150 3267 y Fs(revert-line)27 b(\(M-r\))630
3377 y Ft(Undo)33 b(all)h(c)m(hanges)g(made)f(to)h(this)f(line.)49
b(This)32 b(is)h(lik)m(e)i(executing)f(the)f Fs(undo)f
Ft(command)630 3487 y(enough)e(times)h(to)g(get)h(bac)m(k)f(to)g(the)f
(b)s(eginning.)150 3660 y Fs(tilde-expand)d(\(M-&\))630
3770 y Ft(P)m(erform)j(tilde)h(expansion)g(on)f(the)g(curren)m(t)h(w)m
(ord.)150 3943 y Fs(set-mark)d(\(C-@\))630 4053 y Ft(Set)33
b(the)g(mark)f(to)i(the)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)48 b(If)32 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g
(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h(mark)g(is)f(set)630
4162 y(to)f(that)g(p)s(osition.)150 4336 y Fs(exchange-point-and-mark)
24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-x\))630 4445 y Ft(Sw)m(ap)i(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(with)
g(the)g(mark.)43 b(The)31 b(curren)m(t)g(cursor)f(p)s(osition)i(is)f
(set)h(to)f(the)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)630 4555 y(p)s(osition,)f(and)e(the)i
(old)g(cursor)e(p)s(osition)i(is)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(as)e(the)h(mark.)150
4728 y Fs(character-search)26 b(\(C-]\))630 4838 y Ft(A)f(c)m(haracter)
h(is)f(read)g(and)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(mo)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(next)g
(o)s(ccurrence)g(of)g(that)g(c)m(haracter.)630 4947 y(A)30
b(negativ)m(e)j(coun)m(t)e(searc)m(hes)g(for)f(previous)g(o)s
(ccurrences.)150 5121 y Fs(character-search-backwar)o(d)24
b(\(M-C-]\))630 5230 y Ft(A)45 b(c)m(haracter)h(is)f(read)g(and)f(p)s
(oin)m(t)h(is)g(mo)m(v)m(ed)h(to)f(the)g(previous)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of)
g(that)630 5340 y(c)m(haracter.)d(A)31 b(negativ)m(e)h(coun)m(t)f
(searc)m(hes)h(for)e(subsequen)m(t)f(o)s(ccurrences.)p
eop end
%%Page: 108 114
TeXDict begin 108 113 bop 150 -116 a Ft(108)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(insert-comment)26
b(\(M-#\))630 408 y Ft(Without)36 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t,)h
(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)g Fs(comment-begin)c
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(is)g(in-)630 518 y(serted)c(at)g(the)g(b)s
(eginning)f(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)h(line.)45 b(If)31
b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(supplied,)630 628
y(this)k(command)h(acts)g(as)g(a)g(toggle:)55 b(if)37
b(the)f(c)m(haracters)i(at)g(the)e(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)g(line)630
737 y(do)30 b(not)h(matc)m(h)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f
Fs(comment-begin)p Ft(,)e(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(inserted,)g
(otherwise)g(the)630 847 y(c)m(haracters)42 b(in)d Fs(comment-begin)e
Ft(are)j(deleted)h(from)f(the)g(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)g(line.)71
b(In)630 956 y(either)37 b(case,)j(the)e(line)f(is)g(accepted)i(as)e
(if)g(a)g(newline)g(had)g(b)s(een)f(t)m(yp)s(ed.)60 b(The)37
b(default)630 1066 y(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)g Fs(comment-begin)c
Ft(causes)k(this)f(command)h(to)g(mak)m(e)h(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)g
(a)g(shell)630 1176 y(commen)m(t.)40 b(If)26 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f
(argumen)m(t)h(causes)g(the)f(commen)m(t)i(c)m(haracter)g(to)f(b)s(e)f
(remo)m(v)m(ed,)630 1285 y(the)31 b(line)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(executed)h(b)
m(y)f(the)h(shell.)150 1443 y Fs(dump-functions)26 b(\(\))630
1553 y Ft(Prin)m(t)g(all)i(of)e(the)h(functions)f(and)g(their)g(k)m(ey)
h(bindings)e(to)j(the)e(Readline)h(output)f(stream.)630
1663 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h
(output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(that)630
1772 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h Fq(inputrc)k
Ft(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c(b)m(y)k
(default.)150 1931 y Fs(dump-variables)26 b(\(\))630
2040 y Ft(Prin)m(t)21 b(all)h(of)g(the)f(settable)i(v)-5
b(ariables)22 b(and)f(their)g(v)-5 b(alues)22 b(to)g(the)f(Readline)h
(output)f(stream.)630 2150 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)
g(supplied,)f(the)h(output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a)
m(y)g(that)630 2259 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h
Fq(inputrc)k Ft(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c
(b)m(y)k(default.)150 2418 y Fs(dump-macros)c(\(\))630
2527 y Ft(Prin)m(t)34 b(all)g(of)g(the)g(Readline)g(k)m(ey)h(sequences)
f(b)s(ound)e(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)h(strings)g(they)630
2637 y(output.)53 b(If)35 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e
(supplied,)h(the)g(output)g(is)f(formatted)i(in)e(suc)m(h)h(a)630
2746 y(w)m(a)m(y)c(that)g(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)g(made)g(part)f(of)i(an)e
Fq(inputrc)35 b Ft(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound)
d(b)m(y)630 2856 y(default.)150 3014 y Fs(glob-complete-word)e(\(M-g\))
630 3124 y Ft(The)i(w)m(ord)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(treated)h
(as)f(a)h(pattern)f(for)f(pathname)h(expansion,)g(with)g(an)630
3233 y(asterisk)d(implicitly)h(app)s(ended.)37 b(This)23
b(pattern)i(is)f(used)g(to)h(generate)h(a)e(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hing)630
3343 y(\014le)30 b(names)h(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)150
3501 y Fs(glob-expand-word)c(\(C-x)j(*\))630 3611 y Ft(The)40
b(w)m(ord)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(treated)g(as)g(a)g(pattern)g
(for)f(pathname)g(expansion,)k(and)630 3720 y(the)c(list)g(of)f(matc)m
(hing)i(\014le)e(names)g(is)h(inserted,)h(replacing)g(the)e(w)m(ord.)67
b(If)39 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)630 3830 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(is)f(supplied,)g
(a)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')h(is)f(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g
(expansion.)150 3988 y Fs(glob-list-expansions)25 b(\(C-x)k(g\))630
4098 y Ft(The)k(list)h(of)f(expansions)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h
(b)s(een)f(generated)h(b)m(y)f Fs(glob-expand-word)630
4208 y Ft(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed,)h(and)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(redra)m(wn.)
50 b(If)33 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(supplied,)h(a)g(`)p
Fs(*)p Ft(')630 4317 y(is)c(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g
(expansion.)150 4475 y Fs(display-shell-version)25 b(\(C-x)k(C-v\))630
4585 y Ft(Displa)m(y)j(v)m(ersion)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)f(Bash.)150 4743 y Fs(shell-expand-line)c
(\(M-C-e\))630 4853 y Ft(Expand)34 b(the)h(line)h(as)g(the)f(shell)h
(do)s(es.)55 b(This)34 b(p)s(erforms)g(alias)i(and)f(history)g
(expansion)630 4963 y(as)f(w)m(ell)g(as)g(all)h(of)e(the)h(shell)g(w)m
(ord)f(expansions)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5)h([Shell)e(Expansions],)630
5072 y(page)e(17\).)150 5230 y Fs(history-expand-line)25
b(\(M-^\))630 5340 y Ft(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(on)g(the)
h(curren)m(t)f(line.)p eop end
%%Page: 109 115
TeXDict begin 109 114 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(109)150 299 y Fs(magic-space)27
b(\(\))630 408 y Ft(P)m(erform)c(history)g(expansion)g(on)g(the)g
(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(insert)g(a)g(space)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.3)
630 518 y([History)31 b(In)m(teraction],)i(page)e(117\).)150
664 y Fs(alias-expand-line)26 b(\(\))630 774 y Ft(P)m(erform)i(alias)i
(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line)h(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)h
([Aliases],)g(page)f(75\).)150 920 y Fs(history-and-alias-expand)o
(-lin)o(e)24 b(\(\))630 1029 y Ft(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(and)e
(alias)j(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150
1176 y Fs(insert-last-argument)25 b(\(M-.)k(or)h(M-_\))630
1285 y Ft(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(yank-last-arg)p Ft(.)150
1431 y Fs(operate-and-get-next)25 b(\(C-o\))630 1541
y Ft(Accept)42 b(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)f(for)h(execution)g(and)f
(fetc)m(h)i(the)e(next)h(line)g(relativ)m(e)i(to)e(the)630
1650 y(curren)m(t)30 b(line)h(from)f(the)g(history)h(for)f(editing.)41
b(An)m(y)31 b(argumen)m(t)f(is)h(ignored.)150 1797 y
Fs(edit-and-execute-command)24 b(\(C-xC-e\))630 1906
y Ft(In)m(v)m(ok)m(e)34 b(an)f(editor)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f
(command)h(line,)h(and)e(execute)i(the)f(result)g(as)g(shell)630
2016 y(commands.)81 b(Bash)44 b(attempts)h(to)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h
Fs($VISUAL)p Ft(,)f Fs($EDITOR)p Ft(,)h(and)d Fs(emacs)g
Ft(as)h(the)630 2125 y(editor,)31 b(in)f(that)h(order.)150
2363 y Fr(8.5)68 b(Readline)47 b(vi)e(Mo)t(de)275 2600
y Ft(While)24 b(the)g(Readline)g(library)f(do)s(es)h(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g
(a)h(full)e(set)h(of)g Fs(vi)f Ft(editing)h(functions,)h(it)f(do)s(es)g
(con)m(tain)150 2710 y(enough)34 b(to)h(allo)m(w)g(simple)f(editing)h
(of)f(the)g(line.)52 b(The)34 b(Readline)g Fs(vi)g Ft(mo)s(de)f(b)s
(eha)m(v)m(es)i(as)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(in)150 2819 y(the)e
Fl(posix)e Ft(1003.2)k(standard.)275 2947 y(In)i(order)g(to)i(switc)m
(h)f(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)j(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)d Fs(emacs)f
Ft(and)g Fs(vi)g Ft(editing)h(mo)s(des,)h(use)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(set)30 b(-o)150 3057 y(emacs)p Ft(')21 b(and)g(`)p
Fs(set)29 b(-o)h(vi)p Ft(')21 b(commands)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3)g
([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)j(page)d(53\).)39 b(The)21 b(Readline)150
3166 y(default)31 b(is)f Fs(emacs)f Ft(mo)s(de.)275 3294
y(When)g(y)m(ou)i(en)m(ter)f(a)h(line)f(in)g Fs(vi)f
Ft(mo)s(de,)h(y)m(ou)h(are)f(already)h(placed)f(in)g(`insertion')g(mo)s
(de,)g(as)h(if)f(y)m(ou)150 3404 y(had)c(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(an)g(`)p
Fs(i)p Ft('.)39 b(Pressing)1215 3401 y Fg(h)p 1239 3348
139 4 v 1239 3404 a Ff(ESC)p 1239 3419 V 1373 3401 a
Fg(i)1429 3404 y Ft(switc)m(hes)27 b(y)m(ou)g(in)m(to)g(`command')f(mo)
s(de,)h(where)f(y)m(ou)h(can)f(edit)h(the)150 3513 y(text)35
b(of)f(the)g(line)g(with)f(the)h(standard)f Fs(vi)g Ft(mo)m(v)m(emen)m
(t)j(k)m(eys,)g(mo)m(v)m(e)f(to)f(previous)g(history)f(lines)h(with)150
3623 y(`)p Fs(k)p Ft(')d(and)e(subsequen)m(t)h(lines)h(with)f(`)p
Fs(j)p Ft(',)g(and)g(so)h(forth.)150 3861 y Fr(8.6)68
b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)275 4098 y Ft(When)25
b(w)m(ord)g(completion)i(is)f(attempted)g(for)g(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)h
(a)f(command)f(for)h(whic)m(h)f(a)h(comple-)150 4208
y(tion)f(sp)s(eci\014cation)g(\(a)h Fq(compsp)s(ec)6
b Ft(\))24 b(has)g(b)s(een)g(de\014ned)g(using)g(the)g
Fs(complete)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)h(8.7)150
4317 y([Programmable)e(Completion)g(Builtins],)h(page)f(111\),)j(the)c
(programmable)h(completion)g(facilities)i(are)150 4427
y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)275 4555 y(First,)d(the)e(command)g(name)g(is)h
(iden)m(ti\014ed.)37 b(If)21 b(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f
(de\014ned)g(for)h(that)h(command,)150 4664 y(the)44
b(compsp)s(ec)g(is)g(used)f(to)h(generate)i(the)e(list)g(of)g(p)s
(ossible)g(completions)h(for)e(the)h(w)m(ord.)81 b(If)44
b(the)150 4774 y(command)33 b(w)m(ord)f(is)h(a)g(full)g(pathname,)h(a)f
(compsp)s(ec)f(for)h(the)g(full)g(pathname)f(is)h(searc)m(hed)h(for)e
(\014rst.)150 4883 y(If)f(no)h(compsp)s(ec)f(is)h(found)e(for)h(the)h
(full)g(pathname,)g(an)f(attempt)i(is)f(made)f(to)i(\014nd)d(a)i
(compsp)s(ec)f(for)150 4993 y(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(follo)m(wing)h(the)g
(\014nal)f(slash.)275 5121 y(Once)k(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f
(found,)h(it)h(is)f(used)f(to)i(generate)h(the)e(list)h(of)f(matc)m
(hing)h(w)m(ords.)51 b(If)150 5230 y(a)37 b(compsp)s(ec)f(is)g(not)h
(found,)f(the)h(default)f(Bash)h(completion)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.4.6)150 5340 y([Commands)30
b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Completion],)g(page)g(105\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed.)p
eop end
%%Page: 110 116
TeXDict begin 110 115 bop 150 -116 a Ft(110)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(First,)g(the)g(actions)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)h(are)g(used.)40
b(Only)30 b(matc)m(hes)i(whic)m(h)e(are)h(pre\014xed)150
408 y(b)m(y)25 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)f(completed)j(are)e
(returned.)38 b(When)25 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft(')f(or)g(`)p
Fs(-d)p Ft(')g(option)h(is)f(used)g(for)g(\014lename)150
518 y(or)30 b(directory)h(name)f(completion,)i(the)e(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Fs(FIGNORE)d Ft(is)i(used)f(to)i(\014lter)g(the)f(matc)m
(hes.)42 b(See)150 628 y(Section)31 b(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8
b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(57,)g(for)f(a)h(description)g(of)f
Fs(FIGNORE)p Ft(.)275 765 y(An)m(y)f(completions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m
(y)g(a)h(\014lename)f(expansion)h(pattern)f(to)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-G)p Ft(')f(option)h(are)f(gener-)150 874 y(ated)h(next.)40
b(The)29 b(w)m(ords)g(generated)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(pattern)f(need)g(not)g
(matc)m(h)i(the)e(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(completed.)150
984 y(The)42 b Fs(GLOBIGNORE)d Ft(shell)k(v)-5 b(ariable)43
b(is)f(not)h(used)e(to)i(\014lter)f(the)h(matc)m(hes,)j(but)c(the)g
Fs(FIGNORE)f Ft(shell)150 1093 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(used.)275
1230 y(Next,)k(the)g(string)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(as)g(the)g(argumen)m(t)g
(to)h(the)f(`)p Fs(-W)p Ft(')g(option)g(is)g(considered.)52
b(The)33 b(string)150 1340 y(is)g(\014rst)e(split)i(using)f(the)h(c)m
(haracters)h(in)e(the)h Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)j(v)-5
b(ariable)33 b(as)g(delimiters.)48 b(Shell)32 b(quoting)h(is)150
1450 y(honored.)56 b(Eac)m(h)37 b(w)m(ord)e(is)h(then)f(expanded)g
(using)h(brace)g(expansion,)h(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)150
1559 y(and)44 b(v)-5 b(ariable)46 b(expansion,)j(command)44
b(substitution,)49 b(and)44 b(arithmetic)i(expansion,)j(as)c(describ)s
(ed)150 1669 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)38 b(\(see)f(Section)h(3.5)g([Shell)e
(Expansions],)i(page)f(17\).)61 b(The)36 b(results)h(are)g(split)f
(using)h(the)f(rules)150 1778 y(describ)s(ed)29 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i
(\(see)f(Section)h(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)30 b(Splitting],)h(page)f(22\).)
42 b(The)30 b(results)f(of)h(the)g(expansion)150 1888
y(are)f(pre\014x-matc)m(hed)h(against)g(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f
(completed,)j(and)d(the)i(matc)m(hing)g(w)m(ords)e(b)s(ecome)i(the)150
1998 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)275 2134 y(After)f(these)g(matc)m
(hes)i(ha)m(v)m(e)f(b)s(een)f(generated,)h(an)m(y)g(shell)f(function)g
(or)g(command)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)150 2244 y(the)i(`)p
Fs(-F)p Ft(')g(and)f(`)p Fs(-C)p Ft(')h(options)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed.)41 b(When)30 b(the)g(command)g(or)f(function)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed,)h(the)f Fs(COMP_)150 2354 y(LINE)21 b Ft(and)h Fs(COMP_POINT)d
Ft(v)-5 b(ariables)23 b(are)g(assigned)g(v)-5 b(alues)22
b(as)h(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(5.2)h([Bash)
150 2463 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)33 b(page)f(57\).)44 b(If)30
b(a)i(shell)f(function)f(is)h(b)s(eing)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)i(the)e
Fs(COMP_WORDS)d Ft(and)j Fs(COMP_CWORD)150 2573 y Ft(v)-5
b(ariables)40 b(are)g(also)h(set.)68 b(When)40 b(the)f(function)h(or)f
(command)g(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)j(the)d(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)
150 2682 y(the)34 b(name)f(of)h(the)g(command)f(whose)g(argumen)m(ts)h
(are)g(b)s(eing)f(completed,)j(the)d(second)h(argumen)m(t)g(is)150
2792 y(the)h(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(completed,)i(and)e(the)g(third)f
(argumen)m(t)i(is)f(the)g(w)m(ord)g(preceding)g(the)h(w)m(ord)e(b)s
(eing)150 2902 y(completed)e(on)e(the)h(curren)m(t)g(command)f(line.)42
b(No)31 b(\014ltering)g(of)g(the)g(generated)h(completions)g(against)
150 3011 y(the)d(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f(completed)i(is)f(p)s(erformed;)f
(the)h(function)g(or)g(command)f(has)h(complete)h(freedom)f(in)150
3121 y(generating)j(the)e(matc)m(hes.)275 3258 y(An)m(y)h(function)h
(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)g(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(\014rst.)44 b(The)31 b(function)h(ma)m(y)g(use)g(an)m(y)g(of)g(the)g
(shell)150 3367 y(facilities,)44 b(including)c(the)g
Fs(compgen)d Ft(builtin)j(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)h(Section)
f(8.7)h([Programmable)150 3477 y(Completion)28 b(Builtins],)g(page)g
(111\),)i(to)e(generate)h(the)e(matc)m(hes.)41 b(It)27
b(m)m(ust)g(put)g(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(comple-)150 3587
y(tions)k(in)f(the)g Fs(COMPREPLY)e Ft(arra)m(y)j(v)-5
b(ariable.)275 3724 y(Next,)23 b(an)m(y)e(command)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g
(with)g(the)h(`)p Fs(-C)p Ft(')f(option)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(in)e
(an)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)150 3833
y(to)26 b(command)e(substitution.)39 b(It)25 b(should)f(prin)m(t)h(a)g
(list)h(of)f(completions,)i(one)e(p)s(er)f(line,)j(to)f(the)f(standard)
150 3943 y(output.)40 b(Bac)m(kslash)32 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h
(escap)s(e)g(a)f(newline,)h(if)f(necessary)-8 b(.)275
4080 y(After)42 b(all)g(of)g(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(are)f
(generated,)k(an)m(y)c(\014lter)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)h(the)g(`)p
Fs(-X)p Ft(')150 4189 y(option)34 b(is)f(applied)g(to)h(the)f(list.)49
b(The)33 b(\014lter)g(is)g(a)h(pattern)f(as)g(used)g(for)g(pathname)g
(expansion;)h(a)g(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')150 4299 y(in)39 b(the)g(pattern)g
(is)g(replaced)g(with)g(the)g(text)h(of)f(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f
(completed.)68 b(A)39 b(literal)h(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')f(ma)m(y)150
4408 y(b)s(e)e(escap)s(ed)h(with)g(a)h(bac)m(kslash;)k(the)38
b(bac)m(kslash)h(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(b)s(efore)e(attempting)j(a)e
(matc)m(h.)65 b(An)m(y)150 4518 y(completion)35 b(that)g(matc)m(hes)g
(the)f(pattern)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)e(the)h(list.)53
b(A)34 b(leading)g(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')h(negates)150 4628
y(the)c(pattern;)f(in)g(this)h(case)g(an)m(y)g(completion)g(not)g(matc)
m(hing)h(the)e(pattern)h(will)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m(ed.)275
4765 y(Finally)-8 b(,)33 b(an)m(y)f(pre\014x)f(and)g(su\016x)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(with)h(the)g(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')f(and)g(`)p
Fs(-S)p Ft(')h(options)g(are)g(added)f(to)i(eac)m(h)150
4874 y(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)g(the)h(completion)h(list,)f(and)f(the)h
(result)f(is)h(returned)e(to)i(the)g(Readline)g(completion)h(co)s(de)
150 4984 y(as)e(the)f(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)275
5121 y(If)22 b(the)i(previously-applied)f(actions)i(do)e(not)h
(generate)h(an)m(y)f(matc)m(hes,)i(and)d(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)30
b(dirnames)p Ft(')22 b(op-)150 5230 y(tion)29 b(w)m(as)f(supplied)f(to)
i Fs(complete)d Ft(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)g(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g
(directory)g(name)h(completion)150 5340 y(is)h(attempted.)p
eop end
%%Page: 111 117
TeXDict begin 111 116 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(111)275 299 y(If)30
b(the)i(`)p Fs(-o)e(plusdirs)p Ft(')f(option)j(w)m(as)f(supplied)f(to)i
Fs(complete)e Ft(when)g(the)h(compsp)s(ec)g(w)m(as)h(de\014ned,)150
408 y(directory)k(name)f(completion)i(is)e(attempted)h(and)f(an)m(y)h
(matc)m(hes)g(are)g(added)f(to)h(the)f(results)g(of)h(the)150
518 y(other)31 b(actions.)275 659 y(By)g(default,)i(if)e(a)h(compsp)s
(ec)f(is)h(found,)f(whatev)m(er)h(it)g(generates)h(is)e(returned)g(to)h
(the)g(completion)150 769 y(co)s(de)21 b(as)g(the)g(full)g(set)g(of)g
(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)39 b(The)20 b(default)h(Bash)g(completions)
h(are)g(not)f(attempted,)150 879 y(and)k(the)h(Readline)g(default)g(of)
g(\014lename)g(completion)h(is)f(disabled.)38 b(If)26
b(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)k(bashdefault)p Ft(')22 b(option)150
988 y(w)m(as)i(supplied)e(to)j Fs(complete)c Ft(when)i(the)g(compsp)s
(ec)h(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g(the)f(default)h(Bash)g(completions)h(are)
150 1098 y(attempted)f(if)f(the)g(compsp)s(ec)g(generates)i(no)e(matc)m
(hes.)39 b(If)23 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-o)30 b(default)p Ft(')21
b(option)j(w)m(as)f(supplied)f(to)150 1207 y Fs(complete)j
Ft(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(w)m(as)i(de\014ned,)e(Readline's)i
(default)f(completion)h(will)f(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed)150
1317 y(if)k(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(\(and,)g(if)h(attempted,)g(the)g
(default)f(Bash)h(completions\))h(generate)g(no)e(matc)m(hes.)275
1458 y(When)20 b(a)i(compsp)s(ec)e(indicates)i(that)g(directory)g(name)
f(completion)h(is)f(desired,)i(the)e(programmable)150
1568 y(completion)31 b(functions)e(force)i(Readline)f(to)h(app)s(end)d
(a)i(slash)g(to)g(completed)h(names)e(whic)m(h)h(are)g(sym-)150
1678 y(b)s(olic)40 b(links)g(to)h(directories,)j(sub)5
b(ject)40 b(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)f(the)g Fq(mark-directories)
45 b Ft(Readline)c(v)-5 b(ariable,)150 1787 y(regardless)31
b(of)f(the)h(setting)g(of)g(the)f Fq(mark-symlink)m(ed-directories)36
b Ft(Readline)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 2062 y Fr(8.7)68
b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)f(Builtins)275 2313 y
Ft(Tw)m(o)30 b(builtin)g(commands)g(are)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)32
b(to)f(manipulate)g(the)g(programmable)f(completion)i(facil-)150
2423 y(ities.)150 2592 y Fs(compgen)870 2730 y(compgen)46
b([)p Fj(option)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p Fj(word)11 b Fs(])630
2868 y Ft(Generate)27 b(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(matc)m(hes)g(for)e
Fq(w)m(ord)k Ft(according)e(to)f(the)g Fq(option)p Ft(s,)h(whic)m(h)630
2978 y(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)h(option)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h
Fs(complete)d Ft(builtin)j(with)f(the)h(exception)g(of)g(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')630 3088 y(and)k(`)p Fs(-r)p Ft(',)i(and)e(write)h(the)g
(matc)m(hes)h(to)g(the)f(standard)f(output.)48 b(When)33
b(using)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft(')630 3197 y(or)28 b(`)p
Fs(-C)p Ft(')g(options,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(arious)29 b(shell)f(v)-5
b(ariables)29 b(set)f(b)m(y)g(the)g(programmable)h(completion)630
3307 y(facilities,)k(while)d(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)33 b(will)e(not)g(ha)m
(v)m(e)g(useful)f(v)-5 b(alues.)630 3445 y(The)34 b(matc)m(hes)h(will)g
(b)s(e)f(generated)h(in)f(the)h(same)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)g(if)f(the)h
(programmable)f(com-)630 3554 y(pletion)d(co)s(de)g(had)f(generated)i
(them)e(directly)i(from)e(a)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(with)
630 3664 y(the)e(same)h(\015ags.)40 b(If)29 b Fq(w)m(ord)j
Ft(is)d(sp)s(eci\014ed,)g(only)g(those)h(completions)g(matc)m(hing)g
Fq(w)m(ord)j Ft(will)630 3773 y(b)s(e)d(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630
3911 y(The)24 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(true)f(unless)g(an)h(in)
m(v)-5 b(alid)25 b(option)g(is)g(supplied,)f(or)h(no)g(matc)m(hes)g(w)m
(ere)630 4021 y(generated.)150 4187 y Fs(complete)870
4325 y(complete)46 b([-abcdefgjksuv])d([-o)k Fj(comp-option)11
b Fs(])44 b([-A)j Fj(action)11 b Fs(])45 b([-G)i Fj(glob-)870
4435 y(pat)11 b Fs(])46 b([-W)h Fj(wordlist)11 b Fs(])870
4544 y([-P)47 b Fj(prefix)11 b Fs(])45 b([-S)i Fj(suffix)11
b Fs(])45 b([-X)i Fj(filterpat)11 b Fs(])45 b([-F)i Fj(function)11
b Fs(])870 4654 y([-C)47 b Fj(command)11 b Fs(])45 b
Fj(name)57 b Fs([)p Fj(name)g Fs(...)o(])870 4764 y(complete)46
b(-pr)g([)p Fj(name)57 b Fs(...])630 4902 y Ft(Sp)s(ecify)33
b(ho)m(w)h(argumen)m(ts)h(to)f(eac)m(h)i Fq(name)j Ft(should)33
b(b)s(e)g(completed.)53 b(If)33 b(the)i(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')e(option)630
5011 y(is)d(supplied,)e(or)i(if)g(no)f(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f
(existing)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cations)g(are)630
5121 y(prin)m(ted)43 b(in)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)f(allo)m(ws)h(them)f
(to)g(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)80 b(The)43 b(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(option)630 5230 y(remo)m(v)m(es)29 b(a)f(completion)h
(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)g(eac)m(h)g Fq(name)p Ft(,)h(or,)f(if)g(no)f
Fq(name)5 b Ft(s)28 b(are)g(supplied,)630 5340 y(all)j(completion)h(sp)
s(eci\014cations.)p eop end
%%Page: 112 118
TeXDict begin 112 117 bop 150 -116 a Ft(112)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y(The)e(pro)s(cess)g(of)h(applying)g
(these)g(completion)g(sp)s(eci\014cations)h(when)d(w)m(ord)i
(completion)630 408 y(is)35 b(attempted)h(is)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)630
518 y(page)31 b(109\).)630 650 y(Other)41 b(options,)46
b(if)41 b(sp)s(eci\014ed,)j(ha)m(v)m(e)f(the)f(follo)m(wing)i
(meanings.)75 b(The)41 b(argumen)m(ts)h(to)630 760 y(the)e(`)p
Fs(-G)p Ft(',)j(`)p Fs(-W)p Ft(',)g(and)d(`)p Fs(-X)p
Ft(')g(options)g(\(and,)j(if)d(necessary)-8 b(,)44 b(the)c(`)p
Fs(-P)p Ft(')h(and)e(`)p Fs(-S)p Ft(')h(options\))630
869 y(should)30 b(b)s(e)h(quoted)g(to)h(protect)g(them)f(from)g
(expansion)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g Fs(complete)e Ft(builtin)630
979 y(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)630 1134 y Fs(-o)g Fj(comp-option)1110
1244 y Ft(The)c Fq(comp-option)i Ft(con)m(trols)g(sev)m(eral)h(asp)s
(ects)e(of)g(the)g(compsp)s(ec's)g(b)s(eha)m(v-)1110
1353 y(ior)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)f(the)g(simple)h(generation)h(of)e
(completions.)41 b Fq(comp-option)27 b Ft(ma)m(y)1110
1463 y(b)s(e)j(one)g(of:)1110 1618 y Fs(bashdefault)1590
1727 y Ft(P)m(erform)d(the)h(rest)f(of)h(the)g(default)f(Bash)h
(completions)g(if)g(the)1590 1837 y(compsp)s(ec)i(generates)i(no)e
(matc)m(hes.)1110 1992 y Fs(default)144 b Ft(Use)22 b(Readline's)g
(default)g(\014lename)g(completion)g(if)g(the)g(comp-)1590
2101 y(sp)s(ec)30 b(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110
2256 y Fs(dirnames)96 b Ft(P)m(erform)46 b(directory)g(name)h
(completion)g(if)f(the)g(compsp)s(ec)1590 2366 y(generates)32
b(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 2521 y Fs(filenames)1590 2630
y Ft(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)f(that)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)f(generates)j
(\014lenames,)1590 2740 y(so)29 b(it)h(can)f(p)s(erform)f(an)m(y)h
(\014lename-sp)s(eci\014c)h(pro)s(cessing)e(\(lik)m(e)1590
2850 y(adding)h(a)h(slash)f(to)h(directory)g(names)f(or)g(suppressing)f
(trail-)1590 2959 y(ing)38 b(spaces\).)66 b(This)37 b(option)i(is)f(in)
m(tended)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(with)1590 3069 y(shell)31
b(functions)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)h(`)p Fs(-F)p Ft('.)1110
3224 y Fs(nospace)144 b Ft(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)g(not)g(to)g(app)s
(end)d(a)j(space)g(\(the)f(default\))h(to)1590 3333 y(w)m(ords)30
b(completed)h(at)g(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(line.)1110
3488 y Fs(plusdirs)96 b Ft(After)30 b(an)m(y)h(matc)m(hes)g(de\014ned)d
(b)m(y)i(the)g(compsp)s(ec)g(are)g(gener-)1590 3598 y(ated,)g
(directory)f(name)g(completion)i(is)d(attempted)i(and)f(an)m(y)1590
3707 y(matc)m(hes)j(are)e(added)g(to)h(the)g(results)f(of)g(the)h
(other)g(actions.)630 3862 y Fs(-A)f Fj(action)1110 3972
y Ft(The)25 b Fq(action)h Ft(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(one)h(of)h(the)f(follo)m
(wing)i(to)e(generate)i(a)e(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)1110
4082 y(completions:)1110 4237 y Fs(alias)240 b Ft(Alias)31
b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i(`)p
Fs(-a)p Ft('.)1110 4391 y Fs(arrayvar)96 b Ft(Arra)m(y)31
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(names.)1110 4546 y Fs(binding)144
b Ft(Readline)30 b(k)m(ey)f(binding)f(names)h(\(see)h(Section)f(8.4)h
([Bindable)1590 4656 y(Readline)h(Commands],)f(page)h(101\).)1110
4811 y Fs(builtin)144 b Ft(Names)21 b(of)g(shell)f(builtin)h(commands.)
37 b(Ma)m(y)21 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)1590 4921
y(as)31 b(`)p Fs(-b)p Ft('.)1110 5075 y Fs(command)144
b Ft(Command)29 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(as)i(`)p Fs(-c)p Ft('.)1110 5230 y Fs(directory)1590
5340 y Ft(Directory)h(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(as)g(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 113 119
TeXDict begin 113 118 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(113)1110 299 y Fs(disabled)96
b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)1110
458 y Fs(enabled)144 b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(enabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)
1110 617 y Fs(export)192 b Ft(Names)34 b(of)f(exp)s(orted)f(shell)h(v)
-5 b(ariables.)49 b(Ma)m(y)35 b(also)e(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci-)1590
726 y(\014ed)d(as)g(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft('.)1110 885 y Fs(file)288
b Ft(File)32 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(as)i(`)p Fs(-f)p Ft('.)1110 1044 y Fs(function)96 b
Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(shell)f(functions.)1110 1203 y Fs(group)240
b Ft(Group)30 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g
(as)g(`)p Fs(-g)p Ft('.)1110 1362 y Fs(helptopic)1590
1471 y Ft(Help)37 b(topics)g(as)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h
Fs(help)f Ft(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)1590 1581 y(tion)31
b(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)1110 1740 y
Fs(hostname)96 b Ft(Hostnames,)89 b(as)76 b(tak)m(en)h(from)f(the)g
(\014le)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)1590 1850 y(the)55 b
Fs(HOSTFILE)e Ft(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable)56 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)h
([Bash)1590 1959 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(57\).)1110
2118 y Fs(job)336 b Ft(Job)31 b(names,)h(if)g(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)f
(activ)m(e.)46 b(Ma)m(y)33 b(also)g(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci-)1590
2228 y(\014ed)f(as)g(`)p Fs(-j)p Ft('.)1110 2387 y Fs(keyword)144
b Ft(Shell)30 b(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ords.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32
b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i(`)p Fs(-k)p Ft('.)1110
2545 y Fs(running)144 b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(running)d(jobs,)i(if)h(job)f
(con)m(trol)h(is)g(activ)m(e.)1110 2704 y Fs(service)144
b Ft(Service)31 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 b(also)g(b)s(e)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed)g(as)g(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft('.)1110 2863 y Fs(setopt)192
b Ft(V)-8 b(alid)34 b(argumen)m(ts)f(for)f(the)h(`)p
Fs(-o)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f Fs(set)e Ft(builtin)1590
2973 y(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3)f([The)f(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(53\).)
1110 3132 y Fs(shopt)240 b Ft(Shell)40 b(option)g(names)g(as)g
(accepted)i(b)m(y)e(the)g Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)1590
3241 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)
1110 3400 y Fs(signal)192 b Ft(Signal)31 b(names.)1110
3559 y Fs(stopped)144 b Ft(Names)31 b(of)g(stopp)s(ed)e(jobs,)h(if)g
(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f(activ)m(e.)1110 3718 y Fs(user)288
b Ft(User)30 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(as)i(`)p Fs(-u)p Ft('.)1110 3877 y Fs(variable)96 b
Ft(Names)36 b(of)g(all)g(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)56
b(Ma)m(y)37 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)1590
3987 y(`)p Fs(-v)p Ft('.)630 4145 y Fs(-G)30 b Fj(globpat)1110
4255 y Ft(The)39 b(\014lename)h(expansion)g(pattern)g
Fq(globpat)j Ft(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(generate)1110 4365
y(the)31 b(p)s(ossible)e(completions.)630 4524 y Fs(-W)h
Fj(wordlist)1110 4633 y Ft(The)24 b Fq(w)m(ordlist)k
Ft(is)d(split)g(using)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i
Fs(IFS)e Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 4743 y(as)36
b(delimiters,)i(and)e(eac)m(h)h(resultan)m(t)g(w)m(ord)e(is)h
(expanded.)57 b(The)35 b(p)s(ossible)1110 4852 y(completions)c(are)e
(the)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list)g(whic)m(h)f
(matc)m(h)i(the)1110 4962 y(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed.)630
5121 y Fs(-C)g Fj(command)1110 5230 y Fq(command)35 b
Ft(is)e(executed)g(in)e(a)i(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)i(and)f(its)g
(output)g(is)1110 5340 y(used)e(as)g(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)p
eop end
%%Page: 114 120
TeXDict begin 114 119 bop 150 -116 a Ft(114)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)630 299 y Fs(-F)f Fj(function)1110
408 y Ft(The)25 b(shell)i(function)e Fq(function)h Ft(is)g(executed)h
(in)e(the)i(curren)m(t)e(shell)i(en)m(viron-)1110 518
y(men)m(t.)40 b(When)25 b(it)h(\014nishes,)f(the)h(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)h(are)g(retriev)m(ed)g(from)1110 628 y(the)31
b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)h(the)g Fs(COMPREPLY)c Ft(arra)m(y)k(v)-5
b(ariable.)630 787 y Fs(-X)30 b Fj(filterpat)1110 897
y Fq(\014lterpat)d Ft(is)e(a)g(pattern)g(as)f(used)g(for)h(\014lename)g
(expansion.)38 b(It)25 b(is)g(applied)f(to)1110 1006
y(the)30 b(list)f(of)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(generated)h(b)m(y)e
(the)g(preceding)h(options)1110 1116 y(and)d(argumen)m(ts,)i(and)e(eac)
m(h)i(completion)g(matc)m(hing)g Fq(\014lterpat)h Ft(is)e(remo)m(v)m
(ed)1110 1225 y(from)i(the)h(list.)42 b(A)30 b(leading)i(`)p
Fs(!)p Ft(')e(in)g Fq(\014lterpat)j Ft(negates)f(the)f(pattern;)g(in)f
(this)1110 1335 y(case,)i(an)m(y)e(completion)i(not)f(matc)m(hing)g
Fq(\014lterpat)i Ft(is)d(remo)m(v)m(ed.)630 1494 y Fs(-P)g
Fj(prefix)1110 1604 y Fq(pre\014x)39 b Ft(is)34 b(added)f(at)i(the)f(b)
s(eginning)f(of)i(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(after)1110
1714 y(all)c(other)g(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(b)s(een)f(applied.)630
1873 y Fs(-S)g Fj(suffix)1110 1983 y Fq(su\016x)c Ft(is)20
b(app)s(ended)f(to)i(eac)m(h)h(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(after)f(all)g
(other)g(options)1110 2092 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(b)s(een)d(applied.)630
2252 y(The)35 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(is)f(true)f(unless)h(an)f(in)
m(v)-5 b(alid)37 b(option)f(is)g(supplied,)g(an)g(option)h(other)630
2361 y(than)31 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(or)g(`)p Fs(-r)p
Ft(')g(is)g(supplied)f(without)h(a)g Fq(name)37 b Ft(argumen)m(t,)32
b(an)f(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)630 2471 y(remo)m(v)m(e)h(a)e
(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)f(a)h Fq(name)k
Ft(for)30 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(exists,)630
2580 y(or)f(an)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(adding)g(a)g(completion)i(sp)s
(eci\014cation.)p eop end
%%Page: 115 121
TeXDict begin 115 120 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(115)150
299 y Fo(9)80 b(Using)53 b(History)g(In)l(teractiv)l(ely)275
562 y Ft(This)32 b(c)m(hapter)i(describ)s(es)e(ho)m(w)h(to)h(use)f(the)
g Fl(gnu)g Ft(History)h(Library)e(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8
b(,)37 b(from)c(a)h(user's)150 671 y(standp)s(oin)m(t.)76
b(It)42 b(should)f(b)s(e)h(considered)g(a)g(user's)g(guide.)76
b(F)-8 b(or)43 b(information)f(on)g(using)g(the)g Fl(gnu)150
781 y Ft(History)31 b(Library)f(in)g(other)g(programs,)g(see)h(the)g
Fl(gnu)f Ft(Readline)h(Library)f(Man)m(ual.)150 1062
y Fr(9.1)68 b(Bash)45 b(History)h(F)-11 b(acilities)275
1316 y Ft(When)36 b(the)h(`)p Fs(-o)30 b(history)p Ft(')k(option)j(to)h
(the)e Fs(set)g Ft(builtin)g(is)h(enabled)f(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3)g
([The)g(Set)150 1425 y(Builtin],)32 b(page)g(53\),)h(the)e(shell)h(pro)
m(vides)f(access)h(to)g(the)f Fq(command)g(history)p
Ft(,)h(the)f(list)h(of)f(commands)150 1535 y(previously)h(t)m(yp)s(ed.)
47 b(The)33 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)f(the)h Fs(HISTSIZE)e
Ft(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)f(used)e(as)i(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e
(of)i(com-)150 1644 y(mands)i(to)i(sa)m(v)m(e)h(in)e(a)g(history)h
(list.)58 b(The)36 b(text)h(of)g(the)f(last)h Fs($HISTSIZE)d
Ft(commands)i(\(default)g(500\))150 1754 y(is)h(sa)m(v)m(ed.)61
b(The)36 b(shell)h(stores)h(eac)m(h)g(command)e(in)h(the)g(history)g
(list)g(prior)f(to)i(parameter)f(and)f(v)-5 b(ari-)150
1864 y(able)33 b(expansion)g(but)f(after)h(history)f(expansion)h(is)g
(p)s(erformed,)e(sub)5 b(ject)33 b(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)33
b(of)g(the)g(shell)150 1973 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31 b Fs(HISTIGNORE)d
Ft(and)h Fs(HISTCONTROL)p Ft(.)275 2117 y(When)g(the)g(shell)h(starts)g
(up,)f(the)h(history)f(is)h(initialized)h(from)e(the)h(\014le)f(named)g
(b)m(y)h(the)f Fs(HISTFILE)150 2227 y Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)21
b(\(default)h(`)p Fs(~/.bash_history)p Ft('\).)34 b(The)20
b(\014le)h(named)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)21 b(of)g
Fs(HISTFILE)d Ft(is)j(truncated,)150 2336 y(if)42 b(necessary)-8
b(,)45 b(to)e(con)m(tain)g(no)f(more)g(than)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)h(lines)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)42
b(of)g(the)150 2446 y Fs(HISTFILESIZE)21 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable.)40
b(When)24 b(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(exits,)h(the)f(last)g
Fs($HISTSIZE)d Ft(lines)j(are)f(copied)150 2556 y(from)29
b(the)i(history)e(list)i(to)g(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h
Fs($HISTFILE)p Ft(.)38 b(If)30 b(the)g Fs(histappend)d
Ft(shell)j(option)g(is)g(set)150 2665 y(\(see)22 b(Section)g(4.2)g
([Bash)g(Builtins],)h(page)f(41\),)j(the)c(lines)g(are)h(app)s(ended)d
(to)j(the)f(history)g(\014le,)j(otherwise)150 2775 y(the)32
b(history)f(\014le)g(is)h(o)m(v)m(erwritten.)45 b(If)31
b Fs(HISTFILE)e Ft(is)j(unset,)f(or)h(if)f(the)h(history)f(\014le)g(is)
h(un)m(writable,)g(the)150 2884 y(history)37 b(is)h(not)f(sa)m(v)m(ed.)
63 b(After)38 b(sa)m(ving)g(the)f(history)-8 b(,)40 b(the)e(history)f
(\014le)g(is)h(truncated)f(to)h(con)m(tain)h(no)150 2994
y(more)31 b(than)f Fs($HISTFILESIZE)c Ft(lines.)41 b(If)30
b Fs(HISTFILESIZE)d Ft(is)k(not)f(set,)h(no)g(truncation)f(is)h(p)s
(erformed.)275 3138 y(If)g(the)h Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)d
Ft(is)j(set,)h(the)f(time)h(stamp)f(information)g(asso)s(ciated)i(with)
e(eac)m(h)h(history)150 3247 y(en)m(try)e(is)f(written)g(to)i(the)e
(history)g(\014le.)275 3392 y(The)19 b(builtin)h(command)g
Fs(fc)g Ft(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(list)g(or)g(edit)g(and)e
(re-execute)j(a)f(p)s(ortion)f(of)g(the)h(history)150
3501 y(list.)41 b(The)27 b Fs(history)f Ft(builtin)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e
(used)g(to)i(displa)m(y)g(or)f(mo)s(dify)f(the)h(history)g(list)h(and)f
(manipulate)150 3611 y(the)j(history)g(\014le.)42 b(When)31
b(using)f(command-line)h(editing,)h(searc)m(h)f(commands)g(are)g(a)m(v)
-5 b(ailable)33 b(in)e(eac)m(h)150 3720 y(editing)45
b(mo)s(de)g(that)g(pro)m(vide)g(access)h(to)f(the)g(history)f(list)i
(\(see)f(Section)h(8.4.2)g([Commands)e(F)-8 b(or)150
3830 y(History],)31 b(page)h(101\).)275 3974 y(The)47
b(shell)i(allo)m(ws)h(con)m(trol)f(o)m(v)m(er)h(whic)m(h)e(commands)g
(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)f(the)h(history)f(list.)95 b(The)150
4084 y Fs(HISTCONTROL)25 b Ft(and)j Fs(HISTIGNORE)e Ft(v)-5
b(ariables)29 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)d(set)j(to)f(cause)g(the)g(shell)f(to)i
(sa)m(v)m(e)g(only)f(a)g(subset)150 4193 y(of)e(the)g(commands)f(en)m
(tered.)40 b(The)26 b Fs(cmdhist)f Ft(shell)i(option,)h(if)f(enabled,)g
(causes)h(the)e(shell)h(to)h(attempt)150 4303 y(to)23
b(sa)m(v)m(e)h(eac)m(h)f(line)g(of)f(a)h(m)m(ulti-line)g(command)f(in)g
(the)h(same)f(history)g(en)m(try)-8 b(,)25 b(adding)d(semicolons)h
(where)150 4412 y(necessary)37 b(to)f(preserv)m(e)h(syn)m(tactic)h
(correctness.)58 b(The)36 b Fs(lithist)e Ft(shell)i(option)h(causes)g
(the)f(shell)g(to)150 4522 y(sa)m(v)m(e)25 b(the)e(command)h(with)f(em)
m(b)s(edded)f(newlines)h(instead)h(of)f(semicolons.)40
b(The)23 b Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)i(is)h(used)150 4631
y(to)31 b(set)g(these)g(options.)41 b(See)31 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g
(Builtins],)g(page)g(41,)h(for)e(a)h(description)f(of)h
Fs(shopt)p Ft(.)150 4913 y Fr(9.2)68 b(Bash)45 b(History)h(Builtins)275
5166 y Ft(Bash)30 b(pro)m(vides)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(builtin)e(commands)g
(whic)m(h)g(manipulate)h(the)f(history)h(list)g(and)f(history)g
(\014le.)150 5340 y Fs(fc)p eop end
%%Page: 116 122
TeXDict begin 116 121 bop 150 -116 a Ft(116)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)870 299 y Fs(fc)47 b([-e)g Fj(ename)11
b Fs(])46 b([-nlr])g([)p Fj(first)11 b Fs(])45 b([)p
Fj(last)11 b Fs(])870 408 y(fc)47 b(-s)g([)p Fj(pat)11
b Fs(=)p Fj(rep)g Fs(])45 b([)p Fj(command)11 b Fs(])630
539 y Ft(Fix)41 b(Command.)68 b(In)39 b(the)i(\014rst)e(form,)j(a)e
(range)h(of)f(commands)g(from)f Fq(\014rst)i Ft(to)g
Fq(last)i Ft(is)630 648 y(selected)35 b(from)e(the)g(history)g(list.)50
b(Both)34 b Fq(\014rst)h Ft(and)e Fq(last)j Ft(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)e(sp)s
(eci\014ed)h(as)g(a)h(string)630 758 y(\(to)26 b(lo)s(cate)h(the)e
(most)h(recen)m(t)g(command)e(b)s(eginning)h(with)g(that)g(string\))h
(or)f(as)g(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)630 867 y(\(an)f(index)f(in)m(to)h(the)g
(history)g(list,)h(where)e(a)h(negativ)m(e)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)c(is)i
(used)f(as)g(an)h(o\013set)g(from)630 977 y(the)j(curren)m(t)f(command)
h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er\).)39 b(If)26 b Fq(last)j Ft(is)e(not)g(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(it)h(is)g(set)g(to)h Fq(\014rst)p Ft(.)39
b(If)26 b Fq(\014rst)i Ft(is)630 1087 y(not)j(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(it)h(is)
g(set)h(to)f(the)g(previous)f(command)h(for)f(editing)i(and)e
Fp(\000)p Ft(16)h(for)g(listing.)630 1196 y(If)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(-l)p Ft(')g(\015ag)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)h(the)g(commands)e(are)i(listed)
g(on)f(standard)f(output.)40 b(The)30 b(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')630
1306 y(\015ag)i(suppresses)f(the)h(command)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(when)i
(listing.)46 b(The)32 b(`)p Fs(-r)p Ft(')g(\015ag)g(rev)m(erses)h(the)
630 1415 y(order)g(of)g(the)h(listing.)50 b(Otherwise,)34
b(the)f(editor)h(giv)m(en)g(b)m(y)f Fq(ename)39 b Ft(is)33
b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(on)e(a)h(\014le)630 1525 y(con)m(taining)i(those)f
(commands.)52 b(If)33 b Fq(ename)40 b Ft(is)34 b(not)h(giv)m(en,)h(the)
f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)630 1634 y(v)-5
b(ariable)33 b(expansion)e(is)h(used:)42 b Fs(${FCEDIT:-${EDITOR:-vi}})
p Ft(.)d(This)31 b(sa)m(ys)h(to)g(use)g(the)630 1744
y(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)f(the)h Fs(FCEDIT)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)34
b(if)f(set,)i(or)f(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)g(the)f
Fs(EDITOR)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(if)f(that)630 1854
y(is)g(set,)i(or)e Fs(vi)g Ft(if)g(neither)g(is)g(set.)50
b(When)33 b(editing)h(is)f(complete,)i(the)f(edited)f(commands)630
1963 y(are)e(ec)m(ho)s(ed)g(and)f(executed.)630 2093
y(In)k(the)g(second)g(form,)h Fq(command)j Ft(is)c(re-executed)i(after)
f(eac)m(h)g(instance)g(of)f Fq(pat)j Ft(in)d(the)630
2203 y(selected)e(command)e(is)g(replaced)h(b)m(y)g Fq(rep)p
Ft(.)630 2333 y(A)g(useful)f(alias)i(to)g(use)e(with)h(the)g
Fs(fc)f Ft(command)h(is)g Fs(r='fc)e(-s')p Ft(,)h(so)h(that)h(t)m
(yping)f(`)p Fs(r)f(cc)p Ft(')630 2443 y(runs)35 b(the)h(last)h
(command)f(b)s(eginning)g(with)g Fs(cc)f Ft(and)h(t)m(yping)g(`)p
Fs(r)p Ft(')h(re-executes)h(the)e(last)630 2552 y(command)30
b(\(see)h(Section)h(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)g(75\).)150
2703 y Fs(history)870 2833 y(history)46 b([)p Fj(n)11
b Fs(])870 2943 y(history)46 b(-c)870 3052 y(history)g(-d)h
Fj(offset)870 3162 y Fs(history)f([-anrw])g([)p Fj(filename)11
b Fs(])870 3271 y(history)46 b(-ps)h Fj(arg)630 3402
y Ft(With)26 b(no)g(options,)h(displa)m(y)f(the)g(history)g(list)g
(with)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)38 b(Lines)26 b(pre\014xed)e(with)630
3511 y(a)35 b(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)e(mo)s(di\014ed.)
53 b(An)34 b(argumen)m(t)h(of)g Fq(n)f Ft(lists)i(only)f(the)g(last)g
Fq(n)f Ft(lines.)54 b(If)35 b(the)630 3621 y(shell)30
b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)26 b Ft(is)k(set)h(and)e(not)i
(n)m(ull,)f(it)h(is)f(used)f(as)h(a)h(format)f(string)630
3730 y(for)36 b Fq(strftime)41 b Ft(to)36 b(displa)m(y)g(the)g(time)h
(stamp)f(asso)s(ciated)h(with)f(eac)m(h)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)f(history)630
3840 y(en)m(try)-8 b(.)47 b(No)33 b(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(blank)f(is)g
(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g(formatted)f(time)h(stamp)g(and)
630 3950 y(the)e(history)f(line.)630 4080 y(Options,)g(if)h(supplied,)e
(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 4230
y Fs(-c)384 b Ft(Clear)23 b(the)g(history)g(list.)39
b(This)22 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(com)m(bined)h(with)f(the)h(other)h
(options)1110 4340 y(to)31 b(replace)g(the)g(history)f(list)h
(completely)-8 b(.)630 4491 y Fs(-d)30 b Fj(offset)1110
4600 y Ft(Delete)25 b(the)f(history)f(en)m(try)h(at)g(p)s(osition)f
Fq(o\013set)p Ft(.)39 b Fq(o\013set)27 b Ft(should)22
b(b)s(e)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)1110 4710 y(as)31 b(it)g(app)s(ears)e(when)h
(the)g(history)g(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630 4861 y Fs(-a)384
b Ft(App)s(end)35 b(the)i(new)g(history)g(lines)g(\(history)g(lines)g
(en)m(tered)h(since)f(the)g(b)s(e-)1110 4970 y(ginning)30
b(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(Bash)h(session\))g(to)g(the)g(history)f
(\014le.)630 5121 y Fs(-n)384 b Ft(App)s(end)32 b(the)i(history)f
(lines)h(not)g(already)g(read)g(from)f(the)h(history)f(\014le)h(to)1110
5230 y(the)26 b(curren)m(t)f(history)g(list.)40 b(These)25
b(are)h(lines)g(app)s(ended)e(to)i(the)f(history)h(\014le)1110
5340 y(since)31 b(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(Bash)h
(session.)p eop end
%%Page: 117 123
TeXDict begin 117 122 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(117)630
299 y Fs(-r)384 b Ft(Read)26 b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(history)g(\014le)g
(and)g(app)s(end)e(its)j(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(to)f(the)f(history)1110
408 y(list.)630 571 y Fs(-w)384 b Ft(W)-8 b(rite)32 b(out)e(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(history)g(to)i(the)e(history)g(\014le.)630
734 y Fs(-p)384 b Ft(P)m(erform)31 b(history)f(substitution)h(on)f(the)
h Fq(arg)8 b Ft(s)31 b(and)f(displa)m(y)h(the)f(result)h(on)1110
843 y(the)d(standard)f(output,)i(without)f(storing)g(the)g(results)g
(in)g(the)g(history)g(list.)630 1006 y Fs(-s)384 b Ft(The)30
b Fq(arg)8 b Ft(s)30 b(are)h(added)f(to)h(the)f(end)g(of)h(the)f
(history)h(list)g(as)f(a)h(single)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)630
1168 y(When)24 b(an)m(y)h(of)f(the)h(`)p Fs(-w)p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(-a)p Ft(',)h(or)f(`)p Fs(-n)p
Ft(')f(options)g(is)h(used,)g(if)f Fq(\014lename)30 b
Ft(is)24 b(giv)m(en,)j(then)630 1278 y(it)32 b(is)g(used)f(as)h(the)f
(history)h(\014le.)45 b(If)31 b(not,)h(then)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(of)g(the)g Fs(HISTFILE)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)33
b(is)630 1388 y(used.)150 1653 y Fr(9.3)68 b(History)46
b(Expansion)275 1900 y Ft(The)35 b(History)h(library)f(pro)m(vides)h(a)
g(history)f(expansion)h(feature)g(that)g(is)g(similar)g(to)g(the)g
(history)150 2010 y(expansion)22 b(pro)m(vided)f(b)m(y)h
Fs(csh)p Ft(.)37 b(This)22 b(section)h(describ)s(es)e(the)h(syn)m(tax)h
(used)e(to)h(manipulate)h(the)f(history)150 2120 y(information.)275
2257 y(History)31 b(expansions)f(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(w)m(ords)g(from)g
(the)h(history)f(list)h(in)m(to)g(the)g(input)f(stream,)h(making)150
2367 y(it)g(easy)g(to)g(rep)s(eat)g(commands,)f(insert)g(the)h(argumen)
m(ts)f(to)h(a)g(previous)f(command)g(in)m(to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)150
2476 y(input)f(line,)i(or)g(\014x)f(errors)f(in)h(previous)g(commands)g
(quic)m(kly)-8 b(.)275 2614 y(History)27 b(expansion)f(tak)m(es)i
(place)f(in)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(parts.)39 b(The)26 b(\014rst)g(is)g(to)h
(determine)g(whic)m(h)f(line)h(from)f(the)150 2724 y(history)i(list)g
(should)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(during)g(substitution.)39 b(The)27
b(second)h(is)g(to)h(select)g(p)s(ortions)e(of)h(that)h(line)150
2833 y(for)d(inclusion)f(in)m(to)i(the)f(curren)m(t)f(one.)40
b(The)25 b(line)h(selected)h(from)f(the)g(history)f(is)h(called)h(the)f
Fq(ev)m(en)m(t)p Ft(,)j(and)150 2943 y(the)21 b(p)s(ortions)g(of)g
(that)h(line)f(that)h(are)g(acted)g(up)s(on)e(are)h(called)h
Fq(w)m(ords)p Ft(.)38 b(V)-8 b(arious)21 b Fq(mo)s(di\014ers)j
Ft(are)e(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)150 3052 y(to)35 b(manipulate)f(the)g
(selected)i(w)m(ords.)51 b(The)33 b(line)h(is)g(brok)m(en)g(in)m(to)h
(w)m(ords)e(in)h(the)g(same)h(fashion)e(that)150 3162
y(Bash)i(do)s(es,)h(so)f(that)h(sev)m(eral)g(w)m(ords)e(surrounded)f(b)
m(y)i(quotes)g(are)g(considered)g(one)g(w)m(ord.)54 b(History)150
3272 y(expansions)34 b(are)g(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(app)s
(earance)g(of)g(the)g(history)g(expansion)g(c)m(haracter,)i(whic)m(h)e
(is)150 3381 y(`)p Fs(!)p Ft(')d(b)m(y)f(default.)41
b(Only)29 b(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(')i(and)f(`)p Fs(')p Ft(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f
(used)g(to)h(escap)s(e)g(the)f(history)g(expansion)h(c)m(haracter.)275
3519 y(Sev)m(eral)40 b(shell)g(options)g(settable)h(with)e(the)h
Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)150
3629 y(page)32 b(41\))h(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(tailor)g(the)e(b)s
(eha)m(vior)h(of)g(history)g(expansion.)44 b(If)31 b(the)h
Fs(histverify)d Ft(shell)150 3738 y(option)39 b(is)f(enabled,)i(and)e
(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)j(history)e(substitutions)g(are)g
(not)h(immediately)150 3848 y(passed)30 b(to)h(the)g(shell)g(parser.)40
b(Instead,)30 b(the)h(expanded)f(line)h(is)f(reloaded)h(in)m(to)h(the)e
(Readline)h(editing)150 3957 y(bu\013er)e(for)i(further)e(mo)s
(di\014cation.)41 b(If)30 b(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(and)g
(the)g Fs(histreedit)e Ft(shell)i(option)150 4067 y(is)k(enabled,)h(a)g
(failed)g(history)f(expansion)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(reloaded)g(in)m(to)h
(the)g(Readline)f(editing)h(bu\013er)e(for)150 4176 y(correction.)74
b(The)41 b(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(the)f Fs(history)f
Ft(builtin)g(command)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)g(see)h(what)150
4286 y(a)c(history)g(expansion)f(will)h(do)f(b)s(efore)h(using)f(it.)63
b(The)37 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')g(option)h(to)h(the)f Fs(history)d
Ft(builtin)i(ma)m(y)150 4396 y(b)s(e)c(used)h(to)g(add)g(commands)f(to)
i(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)g(history)g(list)h(without)f(actually)i
(executing)f(them,)150 4505 y(so)j(that)h(they)f(are)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)40 b(for)e(subsequen)m(t)f(recall.)65 b(This)37
b(is)h(most)g(useful)g(in)f(conjunction)h(with)150 4615
y(Readline.)275 4753 y(The)29 b(shell)i(allo)m(ws)h(con)m(trol)g(of)e
(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)30 b(c)m(haracters)i(used)e(b)m(y)g(the)h(history)
f(expansion)h(mec)m(ha-)150 4862 y(nism)f(with)g(the)g
Fs(histchars)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 5093 y Fk(9.3.1)63
b(Ev)m(en)m(t)39 b(Designators)275 5340 y Ft(An)30 b(ev)m(en)m(t)h
(designator)h(is)e(a)h(reference)g(to)g(a)f(command)h(line)f(en)m(try)h
(in)f(the)h(history)f(list.)p eop end
%%Page: 118 124
TeXDict begin 118 123 bop 150 -116 a Ft(118)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(!)432 b Ft(Start)34
b(a)f(history)h(substitution,)g(except)g(when)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)
e(a)h(space,)h(tab,)f(the)g(end)f(of)630 408 y(the)i(line,)g(`)p
Fs(=)p Ft(')g(or)f(`)p Fs(\()p Ft(')h(\(when)e(the)i
Fs(extglob)d Ft(shell)j(option)f(is)h(enabled)f(using)g(the)g
Fs(shopt)630 518 y Ft(builtin\).)150 674 y Fs(!)p Fj(n)384
b Ft(Refer)30 b(to)i(command)e(line)g Fq(n)p Ft(.)150
830 y Fs(!-)p Fj(n)336 b Ft(Refer)30 b(to)i(the)e(command)g
Fq(n)g Ft(lines)h(bac)m(k.)150 985 y Fs(!!)384 b Ft(Refer)30
b(to)i(the)e(previous)g(command.)40 b(This)30 b(is)g(a)h(synon)m(ym)f
(for)g(`)p Fs(!-1)p Ft('.)150 1141 y Fs(!)p Fj(string)144
b Ft(Refer)30 b(to)i(the)e(most)h(recen)m(t)g(command)f(starting)i
(with)e Fq(string)p Ft(.)150 1297 y Fs(!?)p Fj(string)11
b Fs([?])630 1406 y Ft(Refer)34 b(to)g(the)f(most)h(recen)m(t)h
(command)e(con)m(taining)i Fq(string)p Ft(.)50 b(The)33
b(trailing)i(`)p Fs(?)p Ft(')e(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)630 1516
y(omitted)c(if)g(the)f Fq(string)38 b Ft(is)31 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)h
(immediately)g(b)m(y)e(a)h(newline.)150 1672 y Fs(^)p
Fj(string1)11 b Fs(^)p Fj(string2)g Fs(^)630 1781 y Ft(Quic)m(k)32
b(Substitution.)44 b(Rep)s(eat)32 b(the)g(last)h(command,)f(replacing)g
Fq(string1)40 b Ft(with)31 b Fq(string2)p Ft(.)630 1891
y(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g Fs(!!:s/)p Fj(string1)11
b Fs(/)p Fj(string2)g Fs(/)p Ft(.)150 2047 y Fs(!#)384
b Ft(The)30 b(en)m(tire)h(command)f(line)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(so)h(far.)150
2265 y Fk(9.3.2)63 b(W)-10 b(ord)41 b(Designators)275
2508 y Ft(W)-8 b(ord)35 b(designators)g(are)g(used)f(to)h(select)h
(desired)e(w)m(ords)h(from)f(the)h(ev)m(en)m(t.)55 b(A)34
b(`)p Fs(:)p Ft(')h(separates)h(the)150 2617 y(ev)m(en)m(t)41
b(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(from)g(the)f(w)m(ord)g(designator.)69
b(It)40 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(omitted)i(if)e(the)h(w)m(ord)f(designator)
150 2727 y(b)s(egins)33 b(with)h(a)h(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(',)g(`)p
Fs($)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(',)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft(',)f(or)f(`)p
Fs(\045)p Ft('.)52 b(W)-8 b(ords)35 b(are)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)f(from)g
(the)i(b)s(eginning)e(of)h(the)g(line,)150 2836 y(with)39
b(the)h(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)g(denoted)h(b)m(y)g(0)g(\(zero\).)
70 b(W)-8 b(ords)39 b(are)h(inserted)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g
(line)150 2946 y(separated)31 b(b)m(y)f(single)h(spaces.)275
3079 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)150 3234 y Fs(!!)384 b
Ft(designates)37 b(the)f(preceding)g(command.)57 b(When)35
b(y)m(ou)i(t)m(yp)s(e)f(this,)h(the)f(preceding)g(com-)630
3344 y(mand)30 b(is)g(rep)s(eated)g(in)g(toto.)150 3500
y Fs(!!:$)288 b Ft(designates)23 b(the)g(last)g(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(the)
h(preceding)f(command.)38 b(This)22 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(shortened)630
3609 y(to)31 b Fs(!$)p Ft(.)150 3765 y Fs(!fi:2)240 b
Ft(designates)30 b(the)g(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(of)f(the)h(most)f
(recen)m(t)i(command)e(starting)h(with)f(the)630 3875
y(letters)j Fs(fi)p Ft(.)275 4030 y(Here)e(are)h(the)g(w)m(ord)f
(designators:)150 4186 y Fs(0)g(\(zero\))114 b Ft(The)30
b Fs(0)p Ft(th)g(w)m(ord.)40 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(man)m(y)g(applications,)h
(this)e(is)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord.)150 4342 y Fj(n)432
b Ft(The)30 b Fq(n)p Ft(th)g(w)m(ord.)150 4498 y Fs(^)432
b Ft(The)30 b(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t;)j(that)f(is,)f(w)m(ord)g(1.)150
4654 y Fs($)432 b Ft(The)30 b(last)h(argumen)m(t.)150
4809 y Fs(\045)432 b Ft(The)30 b(w)m(ord)g(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
(most)g(recen)m(t)g(`)p Fs(?)p Fj(string)11 b Fs(?)p
Ft(')28 b(searc)m(h.)150 4965 y Fj(x)p Fs(-)p Fj(y)336
b Ft(A)30 b(range)h(of)g(w)m(ords;)f(`)p Fs(-)p Fj(y)11
b Ft(')30 b(abbreviates)h(`)p Fs(0-)p Fj(y)11 b Ft('.)150
5121 y Fs(*)432 b Ft(All)28 b(of)g(the)g(w)m(ords,)g(except)h(the)e
Fs(0)p Ft(th.)40 b(This)27 b(is)g(a)h(synon)m(ym)f(for)h(`)p
Fs(1-$)p Ft('.)39 b(It)28 b(is)g(not)g(an)f(error)630
5230 y(to)j(use)g(`)p Fs(*)p Ft(')f(if)h(there)g(is)g(just)f(one)h(w)m
(ord)f(in)g(the)h(ev)m(en)m(t;)i(the)d(empt)m(y)i(string)e(is)h
(returned)e(in)630 5340 y(that)j(case.)p eop end
%%Page: 119 125
TeXDict begin 119 124 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(119)150
299 y Fj(x)11 b Fs(*)373 b Ft(Abbreviates)31 b(`)p Fj(x)p
Fs(-$)p Ft(')150 458 y Fj(x)p Fs(-)384 b Ft(Abbreviates)31
b(`)p Fj(x)p Fs(-$)p Ft(')f(lik)m(e)h(`)p Fj(x)11 b Fs(*)p
Ft(',)31 b(but)e(omits)i(the)g(last)g(w)m(ord.)275 618
y(If)i(a)h(w)m(ord)g(designator)g(is)g(supplied)f(without)h(an)g(ev)m
(en)m(t)h(sp)s(eci\014cation,)h(the)e(previous)f(command)150
727 y(is)d(used)g(as)h(the)f(ev)m(en)m(t.)150 951 y Fk(9.3.3)63
b(Mo)s(di\014ers)275 1196 y Ft(After)20 b(the)h(optional)h(w)m(ord)f
(designator,)i(y)m(ou)e(can)g(add)f(a)h(sequence)g(of)g(one)g(or)g
(more)g(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)150 1305 y(mo)s(di\014ers,)29
b(eac)m(h)j(preceded)e(b)m(y)g(a)h(`)p Fs(:)p Ft('.)150
1465 y Fs(h)432 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)f(trailing)g(pathname)g(comp)s
(onen)m(t,)g(lea)m(ving)h(only)e(the)h(head.)150 1624
y Fs(t)432 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(all)f(leading)h(pathname)e(comp)s
(onen)m(ts,)h(lea)m(ving)h(the)e(tail.)150 1783 y Fs(r)432
b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)f(trailing)g(su\016x)f(of)g(the)h(form)f(`)p
Fs(.)p Fj(suffix)11 b Ft(',)28 b(lea)m(ving)33 b(the)d(basename.)150
1943 y Fs(e)432 b Ft(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(all)f(but)f(the)h(trailing)g
(su\016x.)150 2102 y Fs(p)432 b Ft(Prin)m(t)30 b(the)h(new)f(command)g
(but)g(do)g(not)g(execute)i(it.)150 2262 y Fs(q)432 b
Ft(Quote)31 b(the)f(substituted)g(w)m(ords,)g(escaping)h(further)e
(substitutions.)150 2421 y Fs(x)432 b Ft(Quote)32 b(the)f(substituted)g
(w)m(ords)f(as)i(with)f(`)p Fs(q)p Ft(',)h(but)e(break)h(in)m(to)i(w)m
(ords)d(at)i(spaces,)h(tabs,)630 2531 y(and)d(newlines.)150
2690 y Fs(s/)p Fj(old)11 b Fs(/)p Fj(new)g Fs(/)630 2800
y Ft(Substitute)32 b Fq(new)40 b Ft(for)32 b(the)h(\014rst)f(o)s
(ccurrence)h(of)f Fq(old)37 b Ft(in)32 b(the)h(ev)m(en)m(t)h(line.)48
b(An)m(y)32 b(delimiter)630 2909 y(ma)m(y)25 b(b)s(e)g(used)f(in)g
(place)i(of)f(`)p Fs(/)p Ft('.)39 b(The)24 b(delimiter)h(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)e(quoted)h(in)f Fq(old)29 b Ft(and)24 b Fq(new)32
b Ft(with)25 b(a)630 3019 y(single)k(bac)m(kslash.)40
b(If)28 b(`)p Fs(&)p Ft(')g(app)s(ears)g(in)f Fq(new)p
Ft(,)i(it)f(is)h(replaced)f(b)m(y)g Fq(old)p Ft(.)40
b(A)28 b(single)h(bac)m(kslash)630 3128 y(will)35 b(quote)g(the)g(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft('.)54 b(The)34 b(\014nal)g(delimiter)i(is)e(optional)i(if)f
(it)g(is)f(the)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)g(on)630 3238 y(the)31
b(input)e(line.)150 3397 y Fs(&)432 b Ft(Rep)s(eat)31
b(the)f(previous)g(substitution.)150 3557 y Fs(g)150
3666 y(a)432 b Ft(Cause)38 b(c)m(hanges)i(to)f(b)s(e)f(applied)h(o)m(v)
m(er)h(the)f(en)m(tire)g(ev)m(en)m(t)h(line.)66 b(Used)39
b(in)f(conjunction)630 3776 y(with)30 b(`)p Fs(s)p Ft(',)h(as)f(in)h
Fs(gs/)p Fj(old)11 b Fs(/)p Fj(new)g Fs(/)p Ft(,)26 b(or)k(with)h(`)p
Fs(&)p Ft('.)150 3935 y Fs(G)432 b Ft(Apply)30 b(the)g(follo)m(wing)i
(`)p Fs(s)p Ft(')f(mo)s(di\014er)e(once)i(to)g(eac)m(h)h(w)m(ord)e(in)g
(the)g(ev)m(en)m(t.)p eop end
%%Page: 120 126
TeXDict begin 120 125 bop 150 -116 a Ft(120)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 121 127
TeXDict begin 121 126 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(121)150 299 y Fo(10)80
b(Installing)52 b(Bash)275 535 y Ft(This)39 b(c)m(hapter)i(pro)m(vides)
f(basic)g(instructions)g(for)g(installing)h(Bash)f(on)g(the)h(v)-5
b(arious)40 b(supp)s(orted)150 645 y(platforms.)58 b(The)36
b(distribution)g(supp)s(orts)e(the)j Fl(gnu)f Ft(op)s(erating)g
(systems,)j(nearly)d(ev)m(ery)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)150 754
y(Unix,)g(and)e(sev)m(eral)i(non-Unix)f(systems)g(suc)m(h)f(as)h(BeOS)g
(and)f(In)m(terix.)57 b(Other)35 b(indep)s(enden)m(t)g(p)s(orts)150
864 y(exist)c(for)f Fl(ms-dos)p Ft(,)g Fl(os/2)p Ft(,)g(and)g(Windo)m
(ws)h(platforms.)150 1123 y Fr(10.1)68 b(Basic)45 b(Installation)275
1367 y Ft(These)30 b(are)g(installation)j(instructions)d(for)g(Bash.)
275 1503 y(The)f(simplest)i(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)g(compile)h(Bash)e(is:)199
1638 y(1.)61 b Fs(cd)38 b Ft(to)h(the)f(directory)h(con)m(taining)h
(the)f(source)f(co)s(de)h(and)f(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(./configure)p
Ft(')e(to)j(con\014gure)330 1747 y(Bash)c(for)f(y)m(our)h(system.)54
b(If)34 b(y)m(ou're)h(using)f Fs(csh)g Ft(on)g(an)h(old)g(v)m(ersion)g
(of)g(System)f(V,)h(y)m(ou)g(migh)m(t)330 1857 y(need)21
b(to)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(sh)30 b(./configure)p Ft(')18
b(instead)j(to)g(prev)m(en)m(t)h Fs(csh)e Ft(from)g(trying)h(to)g
(execute)h Fs(configure)330 1966 y Ft(itself.)330 2101
y(Running)30 b Fs(configure)f Ft(tak)m(es)k(some)e(time.)45
b(While)32 b(running,)e(it)i(prin)m(ts)f(messages)h(telling)h(whic)m(h)
330 2211 y(features)e(it)g(is)f(c)m(hec)m(king)i(for.)199
2346 y(2.)61 b(T)m(yp)s(e)30 b(`)p Fs(make)p Ft(')g(to)h(compile)g
(Bash)g(and)e(build)h(the)g Fs(bashbug)f Ft(bug)g(rep)s(orting)h
(script.)199 2481 y(3.)61 b(Optionally)-8 b(,)32 b(t)m(yp)s(e)e(`)p
Fs(make)g(tests)p Ft(')f(to)i(run)e(the)h(Bash)h(test)g(suite.)199
2615 y(4.)61 b(T)m(yp)s(e)36 b(`)p Fs(make)29 b(install)p
Ft(')35 b(to)i(install)h Fs(bash)d Ft(and)h Fs(bashbug)p
Ft(.)57 b(This)35 b(will)i(also)h(install)f(the)g(man)m(ual)330
2725 y(pages)31 b(and)f(Info)g(\014le.)275 2885 y(The)20
b Fs(configure)f Ft(shell)i(script)g(attempts)h(to)g(guess)f(correct)i
(v)-5 b(alues)21 b(for)g(v)-5 b(arious)21 b(system-dep)s(enden)m(t)150
2995 y(v)-5 b(ariables)44 b(used)f(during)g(compilation.)82
b(It)43 b(uses)h(those)g(v)-5 b(alues)44 b(to)g(create)h(a)g(`)p
Fs(Makefile)p Ft(')c(in)j(eac)m(h)150 3104 y(directory)25
b(of)g(the)g(pac)m(k)-5 b(age)27 b(\(the)e(top)g(directory)-8
b(,)27 b(the)e(`)p Fs(builtins)p Ft(',)f(`)p Fs(doc)p
Ft(',)i(and)e(`)p Fs(support)p Ft(')g(directories,)150
3214 y(eac)m(h)32 b(directory)f(under)d(`)p Fs(lib)p
Ft(',)j(and)f(sev)m(eral)h(others\).)42 b(It)30 b(also)i(creates)f(a)g
(`)p Fs(config.h)p Ft(')e(\014le)h(con)m(taining)150
3324 y(system-dep)s(enden)m(t)h(de\014nitions.)44 b(Finally)-8
b(,)34 b(it)e(creates)h(a)f(shell)g(script)f(named)g
Fs(config.status)d Ft(that)150 3433 y(y)m(ou)k(can)g(run)e(in)h(the)g
(future)g(to)h(recreate)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(con\014guration,)h(a)g
(\014le)g(`)p Fs(config.cache)p Ft(')c(that)150 3543
y(sa)m(v)m(es)35 b(the)f(results)f(of)h(its)g(tests)h(to)f(sp)s(eed)f
(up)g(recon\014guring,)h(and)f(a)h(\014le)g(`)p Fs(config.log)p
Ft(')d(con)m(taining)150 3652 y(compiler)25 b(output)g(\(useful)f
(mainly)h(for)g(debugging)f Fs(configure)p Ft(\).)37
b(If)24 b(at)i(some)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(`)p Fs(config.cache)p
Ft(')150 3762 y(con)m(tains)32 b(results)e(y)m(ou)g(don't)h(w)m(an)m(t)
g(to)g(k)m(eep,)g(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)g(remo)m(v)m(e)h(or)e(edit)h(it.)275
3897 y(T)-8 b(o)37 b(\014nd)f(out)i(more)f(ab)s(out)h(the)f(options)h
(and)f(argumen)m(ts)g(that)h(the)g Fs(configure)d Ft(script)i(under-)
150 4007 y(stands,)30 b(t)m(yp)s(e)390 4142 y Fs(bash-2.04$)45
b(./configure)g(--help)150 4277 y Ft(at)31 b(the)g(Bash)f(prompt)g(in)g
(y)m(our)g(Bash)h(source)f(directory)-8 b(.)275 4412
y(If)53 b(y)m(ou)h(need)f(to)i(do)e(un)m(usual)g(things)g(to)i(compile)
g(Bash,)k(please)c(try)e(to)i(\014gure)e(out)h(ho)m(w)150
4522 y Fs(configure)47 b Ft(could)j(c)m(hec)m(k)h(whether)e(or)g(not)h
(to)h(do)e(them,)55 b(and)49 b(mail)h(di\013s)f(or)h(instructions)f(to)
150 4631 y Fs(bash-maintainers@gnu.org)24 b Ft(so)30
b(they)h(can)g(b)s(e)e(considered)i(for)f(the)g(next)h(release.)275
4766 y(The)24 b(\014le)i(`)p Fs(configure.in)p Ft(')c(is)k(used)e(to)j
(create)g Fs(configure)22 b Ft(b)m(y)k(a)g(program)f(called)h(Auto)s
(conf.)39 b(Y)-8 b(ou)150 4876 y(only)31 b(need)f(`)p
Fs(configure.in)p Ft(')d(if)k(y)m(ou)f(w)m(an)m(t)i(to)f(c)m(hange)g
(it)g(or)f(regenerate)i Fs(configure)c Ft(using)i(a)h(new)m(er)150
4986 y(v)m(ersion)25 b(of)f(Auto)s(conf.)39 b(If)24 b(y)m(ou)h(do)f
(this,)i(mak)m(e)f(sure)f(y)m(ou)h(are)f(using)g(Auto)s(conf)h(v)m
(ersion)f(2.50)i(or)f(new)m(er.)275 5121 y(Y)-8 b(ou)29
b(can)f(remo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(program)g(binaries)f(and)g(ob)5
b(ject)29 b(\014les)g(from)f(the)h(source)f(co)s(de)h(directory)g(b)m
(y)150 5230 y(t)m(yping)j(`)p Fs(make)d(clean)p Ft('.)42
b(T)-8 b(o)32 b(also)g(remo)m(v)m(e)g(the)g(\014les)f(that)g
Fs(configure)e Ft(created)j(\(so)g(y)m(ou)g(can)f(compile)150
5340 y(Bash)g(for)f(a)g(di\013eren)m(t)h(kind)f(of)g(computer\),)h(t)m
(yp)s(e)g(`)p Fs(make)e(distclean)p Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 122 128
TeXDict begin 122 127 bop 150 -116 a Ft(122)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(10.2)68 b(Compilers)46
b(and)f(Options)275 560 y Ft(Some)40 b(systems)g(require)f(un)m(usual)g
(options)h(for)g(compilation)i(or)e(linking)g(that)g(the)g
Fs(configure)150 669 y Ft(script)30 b(do)s(es)h(not)g(kno)m(w)f(ab)s
(out.)41 b(Y)-8 b(ou)31 b(can)g(giv)m(e)h Fs(configure)c
Ft(initial)k(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(for)f(v)-5 b(ariables)31
b(b)m(y)g(setting)150 779 y(them)21 b(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)38
b(Using)21 b(a)g(Bourne-compatible)h(shell,)h(y)m(ou)e(can)g(do)f(that)
i(on)e(the)h(command)150 888 y(line)31 b(lik)m(e)g(this:)390
1039 y Fs(CC=c89)46 b(CFLAGS=-O2)f(LIBS=-lposix)g(./configure)275
1191 y Ft(On)29 b(systems)h(that)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f
Fs(env)e Ft(program,)h(y)m(ou)h(can)g(do)f(it)h(lik)m(e)h(this:)390
1342 y Fs(env)47 b(CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/in)o(clud)o(e)42
b(LDFLAGS=-s)j(./configure)275 1493 y Ft(The)29 b(con\014guration)i
(pro)s(cess)f(uses)g(GCC)g(to)h(build)e(Bash)i(if)f(it)h(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable.)150 1792 y Fr(10.3)68 b(Compiling)46 b(F)-11
b(or)45 b(Multiple)g(Arc)l(hitectures)275 2052 y Ft(Y)-8
b(ou)28 b(can)h(compile)g(Bash)g(for)f(more)g(than)g(one)h(kind)e(of)i
(computer)f(at)h(the)g(same)f(time,)i(b)m(y)e(placing)150
2162 y(the)39 b(ob)5 b(ject)39 b(\014les)g(for)f(eac)m(h)i(arc)m
(hitecture)g(in)e(their)h(o)m(wn)f(directory)-8 b(.)67
b(T)-8 b(o)39 b(do)f(this,)j(y)m(ou)e(m)m(ust)f(use)h(a)150
2271 y(v)m(ersion)33 b(of)g Fs(make)f Ft(that)i(supp)s(orts)d(the)i
Fs(VPATH)e Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)35 b(suc)m(h)d(as)i(GNU)f
Fs(make)p Ft(.)47 b Fs(cd)33 b Ft(to)g(the)g(directory)150
2381 y(where)23 b(y)m(ou)g(w)m(an)m(t)h(the)f(ob)5 b(ject)24
b(\014les)f(and)f(executables)j(to)f(go)f(and)g(run)f(the)h
Fs(configure)d Ft(script)j(from)g(the)150 2491 y(source)j(directory)-8
b(.)40 b(Y)-8 b(ou)26 b(ma)m(y)g(need)g(to)g(supply)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(--srcdir=PATH)p Ft(')e(argumen)m(t)j(to)h(tell)f Fs(configure)150
2600 y Ft(where)43 b(the)h(source)g(\014les)g(are.)82
b Fs(configure)41 b Ft(automatically)47 b(c)m(hec)m(ks)e(for)f(the)g
(source)g(co)s(de)g(in)g(the)150 2710 y(directory)31
b(that)g Fs(configure)d Ft(is)i(in)g(and)g(in)g(`..'.)275
2861 y(If)20 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(to)e(use)g(a)g Fs(make)f
Ft(that)i(do)s(es)e(not)i(supp)s(orts)d(the)i Fs(VPATH)e
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable,)24 b(y)m(ou)e(can)f(compile)h(Bash)150
2971 y(for)33 b(one)h(arc)m(hitecture)h(at)f(a)g(time)g(in)f(the)h
(source)g(co)s(de)f(directory)-8 b(.)51 b(After)34 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m
(e)h(installed)f(Bash)150 3080 y(for)c(one)h(arc)m(hitecture,)h(use)e
(`)p Fs(make)g(distclean)p Ft(')e(b)s(efore)i(recon\014guring)g(for)g
(another)g(arc)m(hitecture.)275 3231 y(Alternativ)m(ely)-8
b(,)26 b(if)21 b(y)m(our)h(system)g(supp)s(orts)d(sym)m(b)s(olic)j
(links,)i(y)m(ou)e(can)g(use)f(the)h(`)p Fs(support/mkclone)p
Ft(')150 3341 y(script)h(to)h(create)g(a)f(build)f(tree)i(whic)m(h)f
(has)f(sym)m(b)s(olic)i(links)e(bac)m(k)i(to)g(eac)m(h)g(\014le)f(in)g
(the)g(source)g(directory)-8 b(.)150 3450 y(Here's)41
b(an)f(example)i(that)f(creates)h(a)e(build)g(directory)h(in)f(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(directory)h(from)f(a)h(source)150 3560
y(directory)31 b(`)p Fs(/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0)p Ft(':)390
3711 y Fs(bash)47 b(/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0/s)o(uppo)o(rt/)o(mkcl)o(one)
41 b(-s)47 b(/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0)42 b(.)150 3862 y
Ft(The)c Fs(mkclone)e Ft(script)i(requires)g(Bash,)i(so)f(y)m(ou)f(m)m
(ust)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(already)g(built)f(Bash)g(for)g(at)h(least)h(one)150
3972 y(arc)m(hitecture)32 b(b)s(efore)e(y)m(ou)h(can)f(create)i(build)e
(directories)h(for)f(other)h(arc)m(hitectures.)150 4271
y Fr(10.4)68 b(Installation)47 b(Names)275 4531 y Ft(By)36
b(default,)h(`)p Fs(make)29 b(install)p Ft(')34 b(will)j(install)f(in)m
(to)h(`)p Fs(/usr/local/bin)p Ft(',)d(`)p Fs(/usr/local/man)p
Ft(',)g(etc.)150 4641 y(Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(can)g(sp)s(ecify)f(an)h
(installation)h(pre\014x)d(other)i(than)g(`)p Fs(/usr/local)p
Ft(')d(b)m(y)i(giving)i Fs(configure)c Ft(the)150 4751
y(option)41 b(`)p Fs(--prefix=)p Fj(PATH)11 b Ft(',)41
b(or)g(b)m(y)f(sp)s(ecifying)h(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(for)g(the)g
Fs(DESTDIR)e Ft(`)p Fs(make)p Ft(')h(v)-5 b(ariable)42
b(when)150 4860 y(running)29 b(`)p Fs(make)g(install)p
Ft('.)275 5011 y(Y)-8 b(ou)71 b(can)h(sp)s(ecify)f(separate)h
(installation)h(pre\014xes)d(for)h(arc)m(hitecture-sp)s(eci\014c)i
(\014les)f(and)150 5121 y(arc)m(hitecture-indep)s(enden)m(t)38
b(\014les.)62 b(If)37 b(y)m(ou)h(giv)m(e)g Fs(configure)d
Ft(the)j(option)g(`)p Fs(--exec-prefix=)p Fj(PATH)11
b Ft(',)150 5230 y(`)p Fs(make)29 b(install)p Ft(')63
b(will)h(use)f Fq(P)-8 b(A)g(TH)75 b Ft(as)64 b(the)g(pre\014x)e(for)i
(installing)h(programs)e(and)h(libraries.)150 5340 y(Do)s(cumen)m
(tation)32 b(and)e(other)h(data)g(\014les)f(will)h(still)g(use)f(the)h
(regular)f(pre\014x.)p eop end
%%Page: 123 129
TeXDict begin 123 128 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(123)150 299 y Fr(10.5)68
b(Sp)t(ecifying)45 b(the)g(System)h(T)l(yp)t(e)275 539
y Ft(There)35 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(some)h(features)g Fs(configure)d
Ft(can)j(not)g(\014gure)f(out)g(automatically)-8 b(,)41
b(but)35 b(need)g(to)150 649 y(determine)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f
(of)g(host)h(Bash)f(will)h(run)d(on.)58 b(Usually)37
b Fs(configure)d Ft(can)i(\014gure)g(that)g(out,)150
758 y(but)c(if)h(it)g(prin)m(ts)g(a)g(message)h(sa)m(ying)g(it)f(can)h
(not)f(guess)g(the)g(host)g(t)m(yp)s(e,)h(giv)m(e)g(it)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(--host=TYPE)p Ft(')150 868 y(option.)39 b(`)p Fs(TYPE)p
Ft(')25 b(can)g(either)g(b)s(e)g(a)g(short)g(name)g(for)g(the)g(system)
g(t)m(yp)s(e,)h(suc)m(h)f(as)g(`)p Fs(sun4)p Ft(',)h(or)f(a)g
(canonical)150 977 y(name)30 b(with)g(three)h(\014elds:)40
b(`)p Fs(CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM)p Ft(')26 b(\(e.g.,)32 b(`)p
Fs(i386-unknown-freebsd4.2)p Ft('\).)275 1108 y(See)e(the)h(\014le)f(`)
p Fs(support/config.sub)p Ft(')c(for)k(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(v)-5
b(alues)30 b(of)h(eac)m(h)g(\014eld.)150 1354 y Fr(10.6)68
b(Sharing)45 b(Defaults)275 1594 y Ft(If)34 b(y)m(ou)i(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)
g(set)g(default)f(v)-5 b(alues)36 b(for)f Fs(configure)e
Ft(scripts)i(to)h(share,)g(y)m(ou)g(can)g(create)g(a)g(site)150
1704 y(shell)48 b(script)f(called)i Fs(config.site)44
b Ft(that)k(giv)m(es)h(default)f(v)-5 b(alues)48 b(for)f(v)-5
b(ariables)48 b(lik)m(e)h Fs(CC)p Ft(,)j Fs(cache_)150
1813 y(file)p Ft(,)43 b(and)e Fs(prefix)p Ft(.)73 b Fs(configure)39
b Ft(lo)s(oks)j(for)f(`)p Fs(PREFIX/share/config.site)p
Ft(')35 b(if)42 b(it)g(exists,)j(then)150 1923 y(`)p
Fs(PREFIX/etc/config.site)p Ft(')20 b(if)26 b(it)g(exists.)40
b(Or,)26 b(y)m(ou)g(can)g(set)g(the)g Fs(CONFIG_SITE)c
Ft(en)m(vironmen)m(t)k(v)-5 b(ari-)150 2033 y(able)40
b(to)g(the)g(lo)s(cation)h(of)e(the)h(site)g(script.)67
b(A)40 b(w)m(arning:)58 b(the)40 b(Bash)g Fs(configure)c
Ft(lo)s(oks)k(for)f(a)h(site)150 2142 y(script,)31 b(but)e(not)i(all)g
Fs(configure)d Ft(scripts)i(do.)150 2388 y Fr(10.7)68
b(Op)t(eration)46 b(Con)l(trols)275 2628 y Fs(configure)27
b Ft(recognizes)32 b(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(options)f(to)g(con)m(trol)g
(ho)m(w)g(it)g(op)s(erates.)150 2780 y Fs(--cache-file=)p
Fj(file)630 2890 y Ft(Use)k(and)g(sa)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(results)g(of)g
(the)h(tests)f(in)g Fq(\014le)40 b Ft(instead)35 b(of)h(`)p
Fs(./config.cache)p Ft('.)51 b(Set)630 2999 y Fq(\014le)36
b Ft(to)31 b(`)p Fs(/dev/null)p Ft(')d(to)j(disable)g(cac)m(hing,)h
(for)e(debugging)g Fs(configure)p Ft(.)150 3151 y Fs(--help)192
b Ft(Prin)m(t)30 b(a)h(summary)e(of)i(the)f(options)h(to)g
Fs(configure)p Ft(,)d(and)i(exit.)150 3303 y Fs(--quiet)150
3412 y(--silent)150 3522 y(-q)384 b Ft(Do)31 b(not)g(prin)m(t)f
(messages)h(sa)m(ying)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)g(are)g(b)s(eing)f
(made.)150 3674 y Fs(--srcdir=)p Fj(dir)630 3783 y Ft(Lo)s(ok)i(for)g
(the)g(Bash)g(source)h(co)s(de)f(in)g(directory)g Fq(dir)p
Ft(.)45 b(Usually)33 b Fs(configure)c Ft(can)j(deter-)630
3893 y(mine)e(that)h(directory)g(automatically)-8 b(.)150
4045 y Fs(--version)630 4154 y Ft(Prin)m(t)29 b(the)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)g
(Auto)s(conf)f(used)g(to)h(generate)h(the)f Fs(configure)d
Ft(script,)j(and)f(exit.)275 4306 y Fs(configure)34 b
Ft(also)k(accepts)g(some)g(other,)h(not)e(widely)g(used,)h(b)s
(oilerplate)g(options.)61 b(`)p Fs(configure)150 4415
y(--help)p Ft(')29 b(prin)m(ts)h(the)g(complete)i(list.)150
4661 y Fr(10.8)68 b(Optional)46 b(F)-11 b(eatures)275
4902 y Ft(The)34 b(Bash)h Fs(configure)d Ft(has)j(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)h(`)p Fs(--enable-)p Fj(feature)11 b Ft(')30 b(options,)37
b(where)e Fq(feature)40 b Ft(in-)150 5011 y(dicates)33
b(an)f(optional)h(part)f(of)g(Bash.)45 b(There)32 b(are)g(also)h(sev)m
(eral)g(`)p Fs(--with-)p Fj(package)11 b Ft(')29 b(options,)j(where)150
5121 y Fq(pac)m(k)-5 b(age)35 b Ft(is)28 b(something)h(lik)m(e)h(`)p
Fs(bash-malloc)p Ft(')25 b(or)j(`)p Fs(purify)p Ft('.)39
b(T)-8 b(o)29 b(turn)e(o\013)h(the)h(default)f(use)g(of)g(a)h(pac)m(k-)
150 5230 y(age,)43 b(use)d(`)p Fs(--without-)p Fj(package)11
b Ft('.)63 b(T)-8 b(o)40 b(con\014gure)g(Bash)f(without)h(a)g(feature)g
(that)g(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)150 5340 y(default,)31 b(use)f(`)p
Fs(--disable-)p Fj(feature)11 b Ft('.)p eop end
%%Page: 124 130
TeXDict begin 124 129 bop 150 -116 a Ft(124)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)275 299 y(Here)21 b(is)g(a)g(complete)h(list)g
(of)f(the)g(`)p Fs(--enable-)p Ft(')e(and)h(`)p Fs(--with-)p
Ft(')g(options)h(that)g(the)g(Bash)g Fs(configure)150
408 y Ft(recognizes.)150 589 y Fs(--with-afs)630 698
y Ft(De\014ne)31 b(if)f(y)m(ou)h(are)f(using)g(the)h(Andrew)e(File)j
(System)e(from)g(T)-8 b(ransarc.)150 872 y Fs(--with-bash-malloc)630
981 y Ft(Use)31 b(the)g(Bash)f(v)m(ersion)i(of)e Fs(malloc)f
Ft(in)h(the)h(directory)g(`)p Fs(lib/malloc)p Ft('.)39
b(This)30 b(is)h(not)g(the)630 1091 y(same)h Fs(malloc)e
Ft(that)j(app)s(ears)e(in)g Fl(gnu)h Ft(lib)s(c,)g(but)f(an)h(older)f
(v)m(ersion)i(originally)g(deriv)m(ed)630 1200 y(from)f(the)h(4.2)g
Fl(bsd)f Fs(malloc)p Ft(.)45 b(This)31 b Fs(malloc)g
Ft(is)i(v)m(ery)f(fast,)i(but)e(w)m(astes)h(some)g(space)g(on)630
1310 y(eac)m(h)g(allo)s(cation.)48 b(This)31 b(option)i(is)f(enabled)g
(b)m(y)g(default.)46 b(The)31 b(`)p Fs(NOTES)p Ft(')g(\014le)h(con)m
(tains)i(a)630 1419 y(list)29 b(of)f(systems)f(for)h(whic)m(h)g(this)g
(should)e(b)s(e)i(turned)e(o\013,)j(and)f Fs(configure)d
Ft(disables)j(this)630 1529 y(option)j(automatically)i(for)d(a)h(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(systems.)150 1702 y Fs(--with-curses)630
1812 y Ft(Use)h(the)h(curses)e(library)h(instead)g(of)h(the)f(termcap)g
(library)-8 b(.)46 b(This)32 b(should)f(b)s(e)g(supplied)630
1921 y(if)f(y)m(our)h(system)f(has)g(an)h(inadequate)g(or)f(incomplete)
i(termcap)e(database.)150 2095 y Fs(--with-gnu-malloc)630
2204 y Ft(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(--with-bash-malloc)p
Ft(.)150 2378 y Fs(--with-installed-readlin)o(e[=)p Fj(P)o(REFI)o(X)11
b Fs(])630 2487 y Ft(De\014ne)26 b(this)f(to)h(mak)m(e)h(Bash)f(link)f
(with)g(a)h(lo)s(cally-installed)i(v)m(ersion)e(of)g(Readline)g(rather)
630 2597 y(than)38 b(the)h(v)m(ersion)g(in)g(`)p Fs(lib/readline)p
Ft('.)62 b(This)38 b(w)m(orks)h(only)f(with)h(Readline)g(5.0)h(and)630
2706 y(later)29 b(v)m(ersions.)40 b(If)28 b Fq(PREFIX)37
b Ft(is)28 b Fs(yes)f Ft(or)h(not)g(supplied,)f Fs(configure)f
Ft(uses)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(of)630 2816 y(the)c(mak)m(e)g(v)-5
b(ariables)25 b Fs(includedir)d Ft(and)h Fs(libdir)p
Ft(,)h(whic)m(h)h(are)f(sub)s(directories)g(of)h Fs(prefix)630
2926 y Ft(b)m(y)32 b(default,)g(to)h(\014nd)d(the)i(installed)h(v)m
(ersion)f(of)g(Readline)h(if)f(it)g(is)g(not)g(in)g(the)g(standard)630
3035 y(system)j(include)f(and)g(library)g(directories.)54
b(If)34 b Fq(PREFIX)43 b Ft(is)35 b Fs(no)p Ft(,)g(Bash)f(links)h(with)
f(the)630 3145 y(v)m(ersion)k(in)f(`)p Fs(lib/readline)p
Ft('.)58 b(If)37 b Fq(PREFIX)46 b Ft(is)38 b(set)g(to)g(an)m(y)f(other)
h(v)-5 b(alue,)39 b Fs(configure)630 3254 y Ft(treats)27
b(it)g(as)f(a)h(directory)g(pathname)f(and)f(lo)s(oks)i(for)f(the)g
(installed)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)f(Readline)630 3364 y(in)34
b(sub)s(directories)f(of)h(that)h(directory)g(\(include)f(\014les)g(in)
g Fq(PREFIX)9 b Ft(/)p Fs(include)32 b Ft(and)i(the)630
3473 y(library)c(in)g Fq(PREFIX)9 b Ft(/)p Fs(lib)p Ft(\).)150
3647 y Fs(--with-purify)630 3756 y Ft(De\014ne)23 b(this)g(to)h(use)f
(the)g(Purify)f(memory)h(allo)s(cation)i(c)m(hec)m(k)m(er)g(from)e
(Rational)i(Soft)m(w)m(are.)150 3930 y Fs(--enable-minimal-config)630
4039 y Ft(This)e(pro)s(duces)f(a)i(shell)g(with)f(minimal)h(features,)h
(close)g(to)f(the)g(historical)h(Bourne)e(shell.)275
4219 y(There)g(are)i(sev)m(eral)g(`)p Fs(--enable-)p
Ft(')d(options)j(that)f(alter)h(ho)m(w)g(Bash)f(is)g(compiled)h(and)e
(link)m(ed,)j(rather)150 4329 y(than)k(c)m(hanging)h(run-time)f
(features.)150 4509 y Fs(--enable-largefile)630 4619
y Ft(Enable)76 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(large)h(\014les)f(\()p
Fs(http://www.sas.com/standar)o(ds/l)o(arge)o(_)630 4728
y(file/x_open.20Mar96.html)o Ft(\))23 b(if)28 b(the)g(op)s(erating)h
(system)f(requires)g(sp)s(ecial)g(compiler)630 4838 y(options)45
b(to)g(build)e(programs)h(whic)m(h)g(can)g(access)i(large)f(\014les.)82
b(This)44 b(is)g(enabled)g(b)m(y)630 4948 y(default,)31
b(if)f(the)h(op)s(erating)g(system)f(pro)m(vides)g(large)i(\014le)e
(supp)s(ort.)150 5121 y Fs(--enable-profiling)630 5230
y Ft(This)h(builds)f(a)i(Bash)g(binary)f(that)h(pro)s(duces)e
(pro\014ling)h(information)h(to)h(b)s(e)d(pro)s(cessed)630
5340 y(b)m(y)g Fs(gprof)f Ft(eac)m(h)j(time)f(it)g(is)f(executed.)p
eop end
%%Page: 125 131
TeXDict begin 125 130 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(125)150 299 y Fs(--enable-static-link)630
408 y Ft(This)37 b(causes)h(Bash)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(link)m(ed)h(statically)
-8 b(,)43 b(if)37 b Fs(gcc)g Ft(is)g(b)s(eing)g(used.)61
b(This)37 b(could)h(b)s(e)630 518 y(used)30 b(to)h(build)e(a)i(v)m
(ersion)g(to)g(use)f(as)g(ro)s(ot's)h(shell.)275 671
y(The)f(`)p Fs(minimal-config)p Ft(')d(option)k(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)f
(to)j(disable)e(all)i(of)f(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(options,)g(but)d(it)150
781 y(is)h(pro)s(cessed)g(\014rst,)g(so)h(individual)f(options)g(ma)m
(y)h(b)s(e)f(enabled)g(using)g(`)p Fs(enable-)p Fj(feature)11
b Ft('.)275 913 y(All)37 b(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(options)f(except)h
(for)e(`)p Fs(disabled-builtins)p Ft(')d(and)j(`)p Fs(xpg-echo-default)
p Ft(')150 1022 y(are)26 b(enabled)g(b)m(y)g(default,)h(unless)f(the)g
(op)s(erating)g(system)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(pro)m(vide)g(the)g(necessary)g
(supp)s(ort.)150 1176 y Fs(--enable-alias)630 1285 y
Ft(Allo)m(w)41 b(alias)g(expansion)f(and)f(include)g(the)h
Fs(alias)f Ft(and)g Fs(unalias)e Ft(builtins)j(\(see)g(Sec-)630
1395 y(tion)31 b(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e(75\).)150
1548 y Fs(--enable-arith-for-comma)o(nd)630 1658 y Ft(Include)21
b(supp)s(ort)g(for)g(the)i(alternate)g(form)f(of)g(the)g
Fs(for)f Ft(command)h(that)h(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)f(lik)m(e)i(the)630
1767 y(C)30 b(language)i Fs(for)d Ft(statemen)m(t)j(\(see)g(Section)f
(3.2.4.1)i([Lo)s(oping)d(Constructs],)h(page)g(9\).)150
1921 y Fs(--enable-array-variables)630 2030 y Ft(Include)h(supp)s(ort)g
(for)h(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)h([Ar-)630 2140 y(ra)m(ys],)c(page)g(76\).)150
2293 y Fs(--enable-bang-history)630 2403 y Ft(Include)36
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)h(history)g(substitution)f
(\(see)h(Section)g(9.3)h([History)f(In-)630 2513 y(teraction],)c(page)e
(117\).)150 2666 y Fs(--enable-brace-expansion)630 2776
y Ft(Include)40 b Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)h(brace)f(expansion)g(\()h
Fs(b{a,b}c)2445 2772 y Fp(7!)2576 2776 y Fs(bac)30 b(bbc)39
b Ft(\).)71 b(See)40 b(Section)h(3.5.1)630 2885 y([Brace)32
b(Expansion],)e(page)h(17,)h(for)e(a)g(complete)i(description.)150
3039 y Fs(--enable-command-timing)630 3148 y Ft(Include)43
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(recognizing)i Fs(time)e Ft(as)g(a)h(reserv)m(ed)g
(w)m(ord)f(and)g(for)h(displa)m(ying)630 3258 y(timing)37
b(statistics)h(for)e(the)g(pip)s(eline)g(follo)m(wing)i
Fs(time)d Ft(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.2)h([Pip)s(elines],)630
3367 y(page)24 b(8\).)39 b(This)23 b(allo)m(ws)h(pip)s(elines)f(as)h(w)
m(ell)g(as)g(shell)f(builtins)g(and)g(functions)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(timed.)
150 3521 y Fs(--enable-cond-command)630 3630 y Ft(Include)33
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(the)g Fs([[)f Ft(conditional)i(command.)51
b(\(see)34 b(Section)h(3.2.4.2)h([Condi-)630 3740 y(tional)c
(Constructs],)e(page)h(10\).)150 3893 y Fs(--enable-cond-regexp)630
4003 y Ft(Include)f(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(matc)m(hing)h(POSIX)d(regular)i
(expressions)g(using)f(the)h(`)p Fs(=~)p Ft(')g(binary)630
4113 y(op)s(erator)25 b(in)f(the)h Fs([[)f Ft(conditional)h(command.)39
b(\(see)25 b(Section)h(3.2.4.2)h([Conditional)e(Con-)630
4222 y(structs],)31 b(page)g(10\).)150 4376 y Fs(--enable-debugger)630
4485 y Ft(Include)f(supp)s(ort)e(for)i(the)h(bash)f(debugger)g
(\(distributed)g(separately\).)150 4639 y Fs(--enable-directory-stack)
630 4748 y Ft(Include)j(supp)s(ort)g(for)h(a)g Fs(csh)p
Ft(-lik)m(e)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)i(and)d(the)i Fs(pushd)p
Ft(,)f Fs(popd)p Ft(,)g(and)f Fs(dirs)630 4858 y Ft(builtins)d(\(see)h
(Section)g(6.8)h([The)e(Directory)i(Stac)m(k],)g(page)f(77\).)150
5011 y Fs(--enable-disabled-builti)o(ns)630 5121 y Ft(Allo)m(w)40
b(builtin)e(commands)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(via)f(`)p
Fs(builtin)29 b(xxx)p Ft(')37 b(ev)m(en)j(after)f Fs(xxx)e
Ft(has)630 5230 y(b)s(een)31 b(disabled)g(using)g(`)p
Fs(enable)d(-n)i(xxx)p Ft('.)43 b(See)32 b(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e
(Builtins],)i(page)f(41,)630 5340 y(for)e(details)i(of)e(the)h
Fs(builtin)d Ft(and)i Fs(enable)e Ft(builtin)i(commands.)p
eop end
%%Page: 126 132
TeXDict begin 126 131 bop 150 -116 a Ft(126)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fs(--enable-dparen-arithmet)o(ic)630
408 y Ft(Include)42 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(the)h Fs(\(\(...)o(\)\))f
Ft(command)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.2.4.2)i([Conditional)630
518 y(Constructs],)30 b(page)h(10\).)150 673 y Fs
(--enable-extended-glob)630 783 y Ft(Include)40 b(supp)s(ort)e(for)i
(the)h(extended)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)g(features)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)
s(o)m(v)m(e)630 892 y(under)29 b(Section)i(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)e
(Matc)m(hing],)i(page)e(23.)150 1048 y Fs(--enable-help-builtin)630
1157 y Ft(Include)24 b(the)h Fs(help)f Ft(builtin,)h(whic)m(h)g(displa)
m(ys)f(help)h(on)f(shell)h(builtins)f(and)h(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(\(see)630 1267 y(Section)31 b(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i(page)f
(41\).)150 1422 y Fs(--enable-history)630 1532 y Ft(Include)e(command)g
(history)h(and)f(the)h Fs(fc)f Ft(and)g Fs(history)e
Ft(builtin)j(commands)f(\(see)h(Sec-)630 1641 y(tion)h(9.1)g([Bash)g
(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(115\).)150
1797 y Fs(--enable-job-control)630 1906 y Ft(This)e(enables)i(the)f
(job)g(con)m(trol)h(features)g(\(see)g(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m
(trol],)h(page)g(85\),)h(if)630 2016 y(the)f(op)s(erating)f(system)h
(supp)s(orts)d(them.)150 2171 y Fs(--enable-multibyte)630
2281 y Ft(This)h(enables)i(supp)s(ort)d(for)i(m)m(ultib)m(yte)h(c)m
(haracters)g(if)f(the)g(op)s(erating)h(system)f(pro)m(vides)630
2390 y(the)h(necessary)f(supp)s(ort.)150 2545 y Fs
(--enable-net-redirection)o(s)630 2655 y Ft(This)21 b(enables)h(the)g
(sp)s(ecial)h(handling)e(of)h(\014lenames)g(of)g(the)g(form)f
Fs(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)11 b Fs(/)p Fj(port)630 2765 y
Ft(and)29 b Fs(/dev/udp/)p Fj(host)11 b Fs(/)p Fj(port)34
b Ft(when)28 b(used)g(in)h(redirections)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g
([Redirec-)630 2874 y(tions],)h(page)g(25\).)150 3029
y Fs(--enable-process-substit)o(utio)o(n)630 3139 y Ft(This)49
b(enables)i(pro)s(cess)f(substitution)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)
s(cess)e(Substitution],)630 3249 y(page)31 b(22\))h(if)e(the)h(op)s
(erating)f(system)h(pro)m(vides)f(the)h(necessary)g(supp)s(ort.)150
3404 y Fs(--enable-progcomp)630 3513 y Ft(Enable)d(the)g(programmable)g
(completion)i(facilities)g(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)630
3623 y(Completion],)i(page)h(109\).)42 b(If)30 b(Readline)h(is)f(not)h
(enabled,)f(this)h(option)g(has)f(no)g(e\013ect.)150
3778 y Fs(--enable-prompt-string-d)o(ecod)o(ing)630 3888
y Ft(T)-8 b(urn)46 b(on)h(the)h(in)m(terpretation)g(of)g(a)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)e(of)h(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)630
3998 y(the)39 b Fs($PS1)p Ft(,)g Fs($PS2)p Ft(,)h Fs($PS3)p
Ft(,)f(and)f Fs($PS4)f Ft(prompt)h(strings.)64 b(See)39
b(Section)g(6.9)h([Prin)m(ting)f(a)630 4107 y(Prompt],)30
b(page)h(79,)h(for)e(a)h(complete)h(list)f(of)f(prompt)g(string)g
(escap)s(e)h(sequences.)150 4262 y Fs(--enable-readline)630
4372 y Ft(Include)d(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(command-line)h(editing)g(and)f
(history)g(with)g(the)h(Bash)g(v)m(ersion)g(of)630 4482
y(the)i(Readline)g(library)f(\(see)h(Chapter)f(8)g([Command)g(Line)g
(Editing],)h(page)g(89\).)150 4637 y Fs(--enable-restricted)630
4746 y Ft(Include)41 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)i(a)g Fq(restricted)g(shell)p
Ft(.)75 b(If)42 b(this)f(is)h(enabled,)j(Bash,)g(when)c(called)630
4856 y(as)f Fs(rbash)p Ft(,)h(en)m(ters)f(a)g(restricted)h(mo)s(de.)68
b(See)40 b(Section)h(6.10)g([The)f(Restricted)h(Shell],)630
4966 y(page)31 b(80,)h(for)e(a)g(description)h(of)f(restricted)h(mo)s
(de.)150 5121 y Fs(--enable-select)630 5230 y Ft(Include)k(the)g
Fs(select)f Ft(builtin,)i(whic)m(h)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)f(generation)g(of)
g(simple)f(men)m(us)g(\(see)630 5340 y(Section)c(3.2.4.2)i
([Conditional)e(Constructs],)g(page)g(10\).)p eop end
%%Page: 127 133
TeXDict begin 127 132 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(127)150 299 y Fs
(--enable-separate-helpfi)o(les)630 408 y Ft(Use)32 b(external)h
(\014les)f(for)g(the)g(do)s(cumen)m(tation)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)f(b)m(y)g
(the)g Fs(help)f Ft(builtin)h(instead)630 518 y(of)f(storing)f(the)h
(text)g(in)m(ternally)-8 b(.)150 677 y Fs(--enable-single-help-str)o
(ings)630 787 y Ft(Store)40 b(the)g(text)h(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(b)m(y)e
(the)i Fs(help)d Ft(builtin)i(as)g(a)g(single)h(string)f(for)f(eac)m(h)
i(help)630 897 y(topic.)54 b(This)33 b(aids)i(in)f(translating)h(the)g
(text)g(to)g(di\013eren)m(t)g(languages.)54 b(Y)-8 b(ou)35
b(ma)m(y)g(need)630 1006 y(to)c(disable)g(this)f(if)g(y)m(our)h
(compiler)g(cannot)f(handle)g(v)m(ery)h(long)g(string)f(literals.)150
1166 y Fs(--enable-strict-posix-de)o(faul)o(t)630 1275
y Ft(Mak)m(e)c(Bash)f Fl(posix)p Ft(-conforman)m(t)g(b)m(y)f(default)h
(\(see)g(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)630
1385 y(page)31 b(80\).)150 1544 y Fs(--enable-usg-echo-defaul)o(t)630
1654 y Ft(A)f(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Fs(--enable-xpg-echo-default)p
Ft(.)150 1813 y Fs(--enable-xpg-echo-defaul)o(t)630 1923
y Ft(Mak)m(e)c(the)f Fs(echo)e Ft(builtin)i(expand)f(bac)m
(kslash-escap)s(ed)h(c)m(haracters)h(b)m(y)f(default,)h(without)630
2032 y(requiring)41 b(the)g(`)p Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option.)73
b(This)41 b(sets)g(the)g(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)h(the)f
Fs(xpg_echo)e Ft(shell)630 2142 y(option)26 b(to)g Fs(on)p
Ft(,)g(whic)m(h)g(mak)m(es)g(the)g(Bash)g Fs(echo)e Ft(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)
i(more)g(lik)m(e)h(the)f(v)m(ersion)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630
2252 y(in)41 b(the)h(Single)g(Unix)f(Sp)s(eci\014cation,)k(v)m(ersion)e
(3.)74 b(See)42 b(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)630
2361 y(page)31 b(41,)h(for)e(a)g(description)h(of)f(the)h(escap)s(e)g
(sequences)f(that)h Fs(echo)f Ft(recognizes.)275 2521
y(The)23 b(\014le)i(`)p Fs(config-top.h)p Ft(')c(con)m(tains)26
b(C)e(Prepro)s(cessor)g(`)p Fs(#define)p Ft(')e(statemen)m(ts)k(for)f
(options)f(whic)m(h)150 2630 y(are)35 b(not)g(settable)i(from)d
Fs(configure)p Ft(.)51 b(Some)35 b(of)g(these)g(are)h(not)f(mean)m(t)g
(to)h(b)s(e)e(c)m(hanged;)k(b)s(ew)m(are)d(of)150 2740
y(the)h(consequences)g(if)f(y)m(ou)h(do.)55 b(Read)36
b(the)g(commen)m(ts)g(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(eac)m(h)i(de\014nition)e
(for)g(more)150 2849 y(information)c(ab)s(out)f(its)h(e\013ect.)p
eop end
%%Page: 128 134
TeXDict begin 128 133 bop 150 -116 a Ft(128)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 129 135
TeXDict begin 129 134 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(A:)h(Rep)s(orting)h(Bugs)2299 b(129)150 299 y Fo(App)t(endix)52
b(A)121 b(Rep)t(orting)52 b(Bugs)275 533 y Ft(Please)35
b(rep)s(ort)e(all)i(bugs)f(y)m(ou)g(\014nd)f(in)h(Bash.)52
b(But)34 b(\014rst,)h(y)m(ou)f(should)f(mak)m(e)i(sure)f(that)g(it)h
(really)150 643 y(is)h(a)g(bug,)h(and)e(that)h(it)h(app)s(ears)e(in)g
(the)h(latest)i(v)m(ersion)e(of)g(Bash.)57 b(The)35 b(latest)j(v)m
(ersion)e(of)g(Bash)g(is)150 752 y(alw)m(a)m(ys)c(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)33 b(for)d(FTP)g(from)g Fs(ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/ba)o(sh/)o
Ft(.)275 887 y(Once)41 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(determined)f(that)h(a)f
(bug)g(actually)h(exists,)j(use)c(the)g Fs(bashbug)e
Ft(command)i(to)150 996 y(submit)25 b(a)h(bug)g(rep)s(ort.)38
b(If)26 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(\014x,)h(y)m(ou)f(are)g(encouraged)
h(to)f(mail)h(that)f(as)g(w)m(ell!)40 b(Suggestions)150
1106 y(and)20 b(`philosophical')j(bug)d(rep)s(orts)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)f
(mailed)g(to)h Fs(bug-bash@gnu.org)17 b Ft(or)k(p)s(osted)f(to)i(the)f
(Usenet)150 1215 y(newsgroup)29 b Fs(gnu.bash.bug)p Ft(.)275
1350 y(All)i(bug)e(rep)s(orts)h(should)f(include:)225
1484 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(Bash.)225 1619 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(hardw)m(are)g(and)g(op)s
(erating)g(system.)225 1753 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30
b(compiler)h(used)e(to)i(compile)h(Bash.)225 1888 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(A)30 b(description)h(of)f(the)h(bug)f(b)s(eha)m(viour.)225
2022 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(A)30 b(short)h(script)f(or)g(`recip)s(e')h(whic)
m(h)f(exercises)i(the)e(bug)g(and)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(repro)
s(duce)e(it.)150 2182 y Fs(bashbug)d Ft(inserts)i(the)h(\014rst)f
(three)g(items)h(automatically)i(in)m(to)f(the)e(template)i(it)f(pro)m
(vides)f(for)g(\014ling)h(a)150 2291 y(bug)h(rep)s(ort.)275
2426 y(Please)h(send)f(all)h(rep)s(orts)f(concerning)g(this)h(man)m
(ual)f(to)h Fs(chet@po.CWRU.Edu)p Ft(.)p eop end
%%Page: 130 136
TeXDict begin 130 135 bop 150 -116 a Ft(130)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 131 137
TeXDict begin 131 136 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(131)150 141 y Fo(App)t(endix)52
b(B)128 b(Ma)9 b(jor)54 b(Di\013erences)d(F)-13 b(rom)54
b(The)f(Bourne)1135 299 y(Shell)275 530 y Ft(Bash)25
b(implemen)m(ts)g(essen)m(tially)i(the)f(same)f(grammar,)i(parameter)e
(and)g(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b(expansion,)g(redi-)150 640
y(rection,)i(and)e(quoting)h(as)f(the)g(Bourne)g(Shell.)40
b(Bash)26 b(uses)g(the)g Fl(posix)g Ft(standard)f(as)i(the)f(sp)s
(eci\014cation)150 749 y(of)h(ho)m(w)h(these)f(features)h(are)f(to)h(b)
s(e)f(implemen)m(ted.)40 b(There)27 b(are)g(some)h(di\013erences)f(b)s
(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g(tradi-)150 859 y(tional)33 b(Bourne)e(shell)h
(and)f(Bash;)i(this)f(section)g(quic)m(kly)h(details)g(the)e
(di\013erences)h(of)g(signi\014cance.)46 b(A)150 969
y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)24 b(of)h(these)h(di\013erences)f(are)h(explained)f
(in)g(greater)h(depth)f(in)g(previous)f(sections.)40
b(This)25 b(section)150 1078 y(uses)33 b(the)i(v)m(ersion)f(of)g
Fs(sh)f Ft(included)g(in)h(SVR4.2)h(\(the)f(last)h(v)m(ersion)f(of)g
(the)g(historical)i(Bourne)d(shell\))150 1188 y(as)e(the)f(baseline)h
(reference.)225 1322 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)32 b(is)h
Fl(posix)p Ft(-conforman)m(t,)g(ev)m(en)g(where)f(the)g
Fl(posix)g Ft(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(di\013ers)f(from)g(traditional)330
1431 y Fs(sh)e Ft(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(\(see)i(Section)f(6.11)h([Bash)e
(POSIX)g(Mo)s(de],)h(page)g(80\).)225 1565 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)26 b(has)g(m)m(ulti-c)m(haracter)i(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)g
(options)f(\(see)f(Section)h(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)h(page)e
(67\).)225 1699 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)28 b(has)g(command-line)h
(editing)f(\(see)h(Chapter)f(8)g([Command)f(Line)h(Editing],)i(page)e
(89\))i(and)330 1809 y(the)h Fs(bind)e Ft(builtin.)225
1943 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)46 b(pro)m(vides)g(a)g(programmable)g(w)m
(ord)f(completion)i(mec)m(hanism)f(\(see)h(Section)g(8.6)g([Pro-)330
2052 y(grammable)21 b(Completion],)i(page)e(109\),)k(and)19
b(t)m(w)m(o)j(builtin)e(commands,)i Fs(complete)c Ft(and)i
Fs(compgen)p Ft(,)330 2162 y(to)31 b(manipulate)g(it.)225
2296 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)26 b(has)f(command)h(history)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(9.1)h([Bash)f(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)30
b(page)c(115\))i(and)d(the)330 2405 y Fs(history)k Ft(and)h
Fs(fc)g Ft(builtins)g(to)h(manipulate)g(it.)42 b(The)30
b(Bash)h(history)g(list)g(main)m(tains)g(timestamp)330
2515 y(information)g(and)e(uses)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(of)f(the)h Fs(HISTTIMEFORMAT)26 b Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(to)f(displa)m(y)f(it.)225 2649 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)48
b(implemen)m(ts)h Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)g(history)f(expansion)g(\(see)h
(Section)g(9.3)h([History)f(In)m(teraction],)330 2759
y(page)31 b(117\).)225 2892 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)33
b(has)g(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables)34
b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)g(76\),)h(and)e(the)330
3002 y(appropriate)39 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(expansions)f(and)g
(assignmen)m(t)h(syn)m(tax)g(to)g(use)f(them.)67 b(Sev)m(eral)40
b(of)g(the)330 3112 y(Bash)32 b(builtins)f(tak)m(e)j(options)e(to)h
(act)g(on)e(arra)m(ys.)46 b(Bash)32 b(pro)m(vides)g(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)h(built-in)f(arra)m(y)330 3221 y(v)-5 b(ariables.)225
3355 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)37 b Fs($'...)n(')g Ft(quoting)g(syn)m(tax,)
j(whic)m(h)d(expands)f(ANSI-C)h(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)h(c)m
(haracters)g(in)330 3465 y(the)26 b(text)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)g
(single)f(quotes,)i(is)e(supp)s(orted)f(\(see)i(Section)g(3.1.2.4)h
([ANSI-C)e(Quoting],)330 3574 y(page)31 b(6\).)225 3708
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)69 b(supp)s(orts)e(the)i Fs($"...)n(")g
Ft(quoting)g(syn)m(tax)g(to)h(do)e(lo)s(cale-sp)s(eci\014c)j
(translation)f(of)330 3818 y(the)65 b(c)m(haracters)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)
f(the)f(double)g(quotes.)145 b(The)65 b(`)p Fs(-D)p Ft(',)74
b(`)p Fs(--dump-strings)p Ft(',)d(and)330 3927 y(`)p
Fs(--dump-po-strings)p Ft(')27 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)33
b(options)e(list)h(the)f(translatable)h(strings)f(found)f(in)h(a)g
(script)330 4037 y(\(see)g(Section)h(3.1.2.5)g([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)225 4171 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)44 b(implemen)m(ts)g(the)f Fs(!)h Ft(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(to)g
(negate)h(the)f(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)44 b(of)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)f(\(see)
h(Sec-)330 4281 y(tion)33 b(3.2.2)i([Pip)s(elines],)f(page)g(8\).)49
b(V)-8 b(ery)33 b(useful)f(when)g(an)h Fs(if)f Ft(statemen)m(t)j(needs)
d(to)i(act)g(only)f(if)330 4390 y(a)k(test)h(fails.)60
b(The)36 b(Bash)g(`)p Fs(-o)30 b(pipefail)p Ft(')35 b(option)i(to)h
Fs(set)d Ft(will)i(cause)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)g(to)g(return)f(a)330
4500 y(failure)31 b(status)f(if)h(an)m(y)f(command)g(fails.)225
4634 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)34 b(has)g(the)g Fs(time)f
Ft(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)g(and)f(command)h(timing)h(\(see)g(Section)g
(3.2.2)g([Pip)s(elines],)330 4743 y(page)g(8\).)52 b(The)33
b(displa)m(y)i(of)f(the)g(timing)g(statistics)i(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)e(con)m
(trolled)j(with)e(the)g Fs(TIMEFORMAT)330 4853 y Ft(v)-5
b(ariable.)225 4987 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)23 b(implemen)m(ts)g(the)h
Fs(for)29 b(\(\()h Fj(expr1)39 b Fs(;)30 b Fj(expr2)40
b Fs(;)30 b Fj(expr3)39 b Fs(\)\))23 b Ft(arithmetic)h(for)e(command,)j
(sim-)330 5096 y(ilar)31 b(to)g(the)g(C)f(language)h(\(see)h(Section)f
(3.2.4.1)i([Lo)s(oping)d(Constructs],)h(page)g(9\).)225
5230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(includes)f(the)g Fs(select)f
Ft(comp)s(ound)g(command,)i(whic)m(h)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)f(generation)g
(of)g(simple)330 5340 y(men)m(us)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.4.2)i
([Conditional)e(Constructs],)g(page)g(10\).)p eop end
%%Page: 132 138
TeXDict begin 132 137 bop 150 -116 a Ft(132)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)40
b(includes)g(the)g Fs([[)g Ft(comp)s(ound)e(command,)43
b(whic)m(h)c(mak)m(es)i(conditional)h(testing)f(part)f(of)330
408 y(the)f(shell)g(grammar)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4.2)j([Conditional)
d(Constructs],)i(page)f(10\),)i(including)330 518 y(optional)32
b(regular)e(expression)g(matc)m(hing.)225 653 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)31 b(pro)m(vides)f(optional)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(matc)m
(hing)f(for)e(the)g Fs(case)g Ft(and)f Fs([[)h Ft(constructs.)225
789 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)27 b(includes)g(brace)h(expansion)f(\(see)h
(Section)g(3.5.1)i([Brace)e(Expansion],)g(page)g(17\))h(and)d(tilde)330
898 y(expansion)k(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.2)h([Tilde)f(Expansion],)f
(page)h(18\).)225 1034 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)24 b(implemen)m(ts)h
(command)e(aliases)j(and)d(the)i Fs(alias)d Ft(and)i
Fs(unalias)e Ft(builtins)h(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)330
1143 y([Aliases],)32 b(page)f(75\).)225 1279 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)32 b(pro)m(vides)g(shell)g(arithmetic,)i(the)e
Fs(\(\()g Ft(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4.2)j([Con-)
330 1388 y(ditional)d(Constructs],)e(page)i(10\),)g(and)e(arithmetic)i
(expansion)e(\(see)i(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arith-)330
1498 y(metic],)h(page)f(74\).)225 1633 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(V)-8 b(ariables)31 b(presen)m(t)e(in)g(the)g(shell's)h(initial)g(en)
m(vironmen)m(t)g(are)g(automatically)i(exp)s(orted)d(to)h(c)m(hild)330
1743 y(pro)s(cesses.)38 b(The)23 b(Bourne)g(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g
(normally)g(do)g(this)g(unless)g(the)g(v)-5 b(ariables)24
b(are)f(explicitly)330 1852 y(mark)m(ed)30 b(using)g(the)h
Fs(export)e Ft(command.)225 1988 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)26
b(supp)s(orts)d(the)j(`)p Fs(+=)p Ft(')f(assignmen)m(t)i(op)s(erator,)g
(whic)m(h)e(app)s(ends)f(to)i(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)f(the)h(v)-5
b(ariable)330 2097 y(named)30 b(on)g(the)h(left)g(hand)e(side.)225
2233 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)36 b(includes)g(the)g Fl(posix)f
Ft(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)37 b(`)p Fs(\045)p Ft(',)h(`)p
Fs(#)p Ft(',)g(`)p Fs(\045\045)p Ft(')e(and)f(`)p Fs(##)p
Ft(')h(expansions)g(to)g(remo)m(v)m(e)330 2342 y(leading)f(or)f
(trailing)h(substrings)e(from)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(v)-5
b(alues)35 b(\(see)g(Section)g(3.5.3)g([Shell)g(P)m(arameter)330
2452 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225 2587 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)46 b(expansion)g Fs(${#xx})p Ft(,)j(whic)m(h)d(returns)f(the)i
(length)f(of)h Fs(${xx})p Ft(,)i(is)e(supp)s(orted)d(\(see)j(Sec-)330
2697 y(tion)31 b(3.5.3)h([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)g(Expansion],)f(page)i
(19\).)225 2832 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(expansion)g
Fs(${var:)p Fq(o\013set)r Fs([:)p Fq(length)p Fs(]})p
Ft(,)g(whic)m(h)g(expands)g(to)h(the)g(substring)e(of)i
Fs(var)p Ft('s)e(v)-5 b(alue)330 2942 y(of)43 b(length)g
Fq(length)p Ft(,)k(b)s(eginning)42 b(at)i Fq(o\013set)p
Ft(,)j(is)c(presen)m(t)g(\(see)g(Section)h(3.5.3)h([Shell)e(P)m
(arameter)330 3051 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225
3187 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)21 b(expansion)f Fs(${var/[/])p
Fq(pattern)p Fs([/)p Fq(replacemen)m(t)r Fs(]})p Ft(,)i(whic)m(h)e
(matc)m(hes)j Fq(pattern)e Ft(and)f(replaces)330 3296
y(it)29 b(with)e Fq(replacemen)m(t)32 b Ft(in)c(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)29 b(of)f Fs(var)p Ft(,)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)31
b(\(see)e(Section)f(3.5.3)i([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)330
3406 y(Expansion],)h(page)h(19\).)225 3541 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)32 b(expansion)g Fs(${!)p Fj(prefix)p Fs(})p
Fj(*)40 b Ft(expansion,)32 b(whic)m(h)g(expands)g(to)h(the)f(names)g
(of)h(all)g(shell)f(v)-5 b(ari-)330 3651 y(ables)36 b(whose)g(names)g
(b)s(egin)g(with)g Fq(pre\014x)p Ft(,)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)39 b(\(see)e(Section)g(3.5.3)g([Shell)g(P)m(arameter)330
3761 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225 3896 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)22 b(has)f Fq(indirect)j Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)22
b(expansion)g(using)f Fs(${!word})e Ft(\(see)k(Section)f(3.5.3)i
([Shell)e(P)m(arameter)330 4006 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(19\).)225
4141 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(can)f(expand)g(p)s(ositional)h
(parameters)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)e Fs($9)h Ft(using)g Fs(${)p
Fj(num)11 b Fs(})p Ft(.)225 4276 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)27
b Fl(posix)g Fs($\(\))g Ft(form)g(of)h(command)g(substitution)f(is)h
(implemen)m(ted)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5.4)i([Com-)330
4386 y(mand)38 b(Substitution],)k(page)e(21\),)j(and)38
b(preferred)g(to)i(the)g(Bourne)f(shell's)h Fs(``)e Ft(\(whic)m(h)i(is)
f(also)330 4495 y(implemen)m(ted)31 b(for)f(bac)m(kw)m(ards)h
(compatibilit)m(y\).)225 4631 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31
b(has)f(pro)s(cess)g(substitution)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)s
(cess)f(Substitution],)f(page)h(22\).)225 4766 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)55 b(automatically)j(assigns)e(v)-5 b(ariables)55
b(that)h(pro)m(vide)f(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)g(curren)m(t)330
4876 y(user)40 b(\()p Fs(UID)p Ft(,)i Fs(EUID)p Ft(,)g(and)e
Fs(GROUPS)p Ft(\),)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(host)g(\()p Fs(HOSTTYPE)p
Ft(,)h Fs(OSTYPE)p Ft(,)h Fs(MACHTYPE)p Ft(,)f(and)330
4985 y Fs(HOSTNAME)p Ft(\),)55 b(and)c(the)g(instance)h(of)g(Bash)f
(that)h(is)f(running)f(\()p Fs(BASH)p Ft(,)56 b Fs(BASH_VERSION)p
Ft(,)e(and)330 5095 y Fs(BASH_VERSINFO)p Ft(\).)37 b(See)31
b(Section)g(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8 b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(57,)g(for)f
(details.)225 5230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)44 b Fs(IFS)f
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(is)f(used)f(to)i(split)f(only)g(the)g(results)g
(of)h(expansion,)i(not)d(all)h(w)m(ords)f(\(see)330 5340
y(Section)29 b(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)29 b(Splitting],)h(page)f(22\).)41
b(This)28 b(closes)h(a)g(longstanding)g(shell)f(securit)m(y)h(hole.)p
eop end
%%Page: 133 139
TeXDict begin 133 138 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(133)225 299 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)38 b(implemen)m(ts)g(the)g(full)g(set)g(of)g
Fl(posix)f Ft(\014lename)h(expansion)g(op)s(erators,)i(including)d
Fq(c)m(har-)330 408 y(acter)i(classes)p Ft(,)j Fq(equiv)-5
b(alence)39 b(classes)p Ft(,)j(and)37 b Fq(collating)k(sym)m(b)s(ols)g
Ft(\(see)e(Section)g(3.5.8)h([Filename)330 518 y(Expansion],)30
b(page)h(23\).)225 660 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)35 b(implemen)m(ts)g
(extended)g(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)h(features)f(when)f(the)h
Fs(extglob)d Ft(shell)j(option)330 769 y(is)30 b(enabled)h(\(see)g
(Section)g(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(23\).)225
911 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(It)22 b(is)g(p)s(ossible)g(to)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(a)f
(v)-5 b(ariable)23 b(and)f(a)g(function)g(with)g(the)g(same)g(name;)j
Fs(sh)d Ft(do)s(es)g(not)g(separate)330 1021 y(the)31
b(t)m(w)m(o)g(name)g(spaces.)225 1163 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(Bash)30 b(functions)e(are)i(p)s(ermitted)f(to)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(lo)s
(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)30 b(using)f(the)g Fs(local)f
Ft(builtin,)i(and)e(th)m(us)330 1272 y(useful)i(recursiv)m(e)g
(functions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(written)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g
(Builtins],)g(page)h(41\).)225 1414 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(V)-8
b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)e(commands)h(a\013ect)h(only)
f(that)g(command,)h(ev)m(en)f(builtins)g(and)330 1524
y(functions)36 b(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7.4)h([En)m(vironmen)m(t],)h(page)
e(30\).)60 b(In)35 b Fs(sh)p Ft(,)j(all)f(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(assignmen)m(ts)330 1633 y(preceding)30 b(commands)g(are)h(global)h
(unless)d(the)i(command)f(is)h(executed)g(from)f(the)g(\014le)h
(system.)225 1775 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)44 b(p)s(erforms)e(\014lename)
i(expansion)f(on)h(\014lenames)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(op)s(erands)e
(to)j(input)e(and)330 1885 y(output)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erators)g
(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)h([Redirections],)g(page)f(25\).)225
2027 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)29 b(con)m(tains)h(the)f(`)p
Fs(<>)p Ft(')f(redirection)i(op)s(erator,)f(allo)m(wing)i(a)e(\014le)g
(to)g(b)s(e)f(op)s(ened)g(for)h(b)s(oth)f(read-)330 2136
y(ing)35 b(and)f(writing,)i(and)e(the)h(`)p Fs(&>)p Ft(')g(redirection)
g(op)s(erator,)h(for)f(directing)g(standard)f(output)h(and)330
2246 y(standard)30 b(error)g(to)h(the)f(same)h(\014le)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.6)g([Redirections],)h(page)g(25\).)225 2388
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)21 b(includes)f(the)h(`)p Fs(<<<)p
Ft(')g(redirection)g(op)s(erator,)i(allo)m(wing)g(a)e(string)f(to)i(b)s
(e)e(used)g(as)h(the)g(standard)330 2497 y(input)29 b(to)j(a)e
(command.)225 2639 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)29 b(implemen)m(ts)h(the)f(`)
p Fs([n]<&)p Fj(word)11 b Ft(')26 b(and)j(`)p Fs([n]>&)p
Fj(word)11 b Ft(')26 b(redirection)k(op)s(erators,)g(whic)m(h)e(mo)m(v)
m(e)330 2749 y(one)j(\014le)f(descriptor)g(to)h(another.)225
2890 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)25 b(treats)h(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(\014lenames)g(sp)s(ecially)g(when)f(they)h(are)g(used)f(in)g
(redirection)i(op)s(erators)330 3000 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(3.6)f
([Redirections],)h(page)f(25\).)225 3142 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(Bash)33 b(can)f(op)s(en)g(net)m(w)m(ork)i(connections)f(to)h
(arbitrary)e(mac)m(hines)h(and)f(services)h(with)f(the)h(redi-)330
3251 y(rection)e(op)s(erators)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)h
([Redirections],)g(page)f(25\).)225 3393 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)29 b Fs(noclobber)e Ft(option)j(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)32 b(to)e(a)m(v)m(oid)h(o)m(v)m(erwriting)g(existing)g
(\014les)e(with)h(output)f(redi-)330 3503 y(rection)h(\(see)h(Section)f
(4.3)g([The)g(Set)f(Builtin],)i(page)f(53\).)41 b(The)29
b(`)p Fs(>|)p Ft(')h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)f(ma)m(y)330
3612 y(b)s(e)h(used)f(to)i(o)m(v)m(erride)h Fs(noclobber)p
Ft(.)225 3754 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)34 b(Bash)g Fs(cd)g
Ft(and)f Fs(pwd)g Ft(builtins)h(\(see)h(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)g
(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\))h(eac)m(h)330 3864
y(tak)m(e)c(`)p Fs(-L)p Ft(')e(and)g(`)p Fs(-P)p Ft(')g(options)h(to)g
(switc)m(h)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(logical)i(and)c(ph)m(ysical)i(mo)s
(des.)225 4006 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)25 b(allo)m(ws)h(a)g(function)e
(to)i(o)m(v)m(erride)g(a)g(builtin)e(with)h(the)g(same)g(name,)i(and)d
(pro)m(vides)h(access)h(to)330 4115 y(that)34 b(builtin's)f
(functionalit)m(y)h(within)f(the)g(function)g(via)h(the)f
Fs(builtin)f Ft(and)g Fs(command)g Ft(builtins)330 4225
y(\(see)f(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)225
4367 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)35 b Fs(command)e Ft(builtin)i(allo)m(ws)i
(selectiv)m(e)h(disabling)e(of)f(functions)g(when)g(command)g(lo)s
(okup)g(is)330 4476 y(p)s(erformed)29 b(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)f
(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)225 4618 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Individual)23
b(builtins)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(enabled)h(or)g(disabled)g(using)f(the)h
Fs(enable)f Ft(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)330 4728
y([Bash)31 b(Builtins],)g(page)g(41\).)225 4869 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)26 b(Bash)h Fs(exec)e Ft(builtin)h(tak)m(es)i(additional)f
(options)g(that)g(allo)m(w)h(users)d(to)j(con)m(trol)g(the)e(con)m(ten)
m(ts)330 4979 y(of)35 b(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(passed)f(to)h(the)g
(executed)g(command,)h(and)d(what)i(the)f(zeroth)h(argumen)m(t)330
5089 y(to)c(the)g(command)f(is)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(\(see)h(Section)h(4.1)f
([Bourne)f(Shell)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(35\).)225 5230
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Shell)29 b(functions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(exp)s(orted)g
(to)h(c)m(hildren)f(via)h(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(using)f
Fs(export)f(-f)h Ft(\(see)330 5340 y(Section)i(3.3)h([Shell)e(F)-8
b(unctions],)32 b(page)f(14\).)p eop end
%%Page: 134 140
TeXDict begin 134 139 bop 150 -116 a Ft(134)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)37
b(Bash)g Fs(export)p Ft(,)h Fs(readonly)p Ft(,)f(and)f
Fs(declare)g Ft(builtins)h(can)g(tak)m(e)i(a)f(`)p Fs(-f)p
Ft(')f(option)h(to)g(act)g(on)330 408 y(shell)26 b(functions,)g(a)h(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')e(option)h(to)h(displa)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables)26
b(with)g(v)-5 b(arious)25 b(attributes)i(set)f(in)f(a)i(format)330
518 y(that)g(can)f(b)s(e)f(used)h(as)g(shell)g(input,)h(a)f(`)p
Fs(-n)p Ft(')g(option)g(to)h(remo)m(v)m(e)h(v)-5 b(arious)26
b(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(attributes,)h(and)330 628 y(`)p
Fs(name=value)p Ft(')g(argumen)m(ts)j(to)g(set)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(attributes)g(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(sim)m(ultaneously)
-8 b(.)225 765 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)42 b(Bash)h Fs(hash)f
Ft(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)j(a)e(name)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(asso)s(ciated)j(with)d
(an)h(arbitrary)f(\014lename,)330 874 y(ev)m(en)30 b(when)e(that)h
(\014lename)g(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(found)g(b)m(y)h(searc)m(hing)g(the)g
Fs($PATH)p Ft(,)g(using)f(`)p Fs(hash)h(-p)p Ft(')g(\(see)330
984 y(Section)i(4.1)h([Bourne)e(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)h(35\).)225
1121 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)27 b(includes)f(a)i Fs(help)d
Ft(builtin)i(for)f(quic)m(k)h(reference)h(to)f(shell)g(facilities)i
(\(see)f(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)330 1230 y(Builtins],)j(page)g(41\).)225
1367 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)42 b Fs(printf)g Ft(builtin)g(is)h(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)45 b(to)f(displa)m(y)f(formatted)g(output)g(\(see)h(Section)g
(4.2)g([Bash)330 1477 y(Builtins],)31 b(page)g(41\).)225
1614 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)26 b(Bash)h Fs(read)f Ft(builtin)g(\(see)i
(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(41\))g(will)f(read)g(a)g
(line)g(ending)330 1724 y(in)f(`)p Fs(\\)p Ft(')h(with)f(the)g(`)p
Fs(-r)p Ft(')h(option,)h(and)d(will)i(use)f(the)h Fs(REPLY)e
Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(as)g(a)f(default)h(if)f(no)h(non-option)330
1833 y(argumen)m(ts)k(are)h(supplied.)42 b(The)30 b(Bash)i
Fs(read)e Ft(builtin)g(also)j(accepts)f(a)g(prompt)e(string)h(with)g
(the)330 1943 y(`)p Fs(-p)p Ft(')k(option)g(and)f(will)h(use)g
(Readline)g(to)h(obtain)f(the)g(line)g(when)f(giv)m(en)i(the)f(`)p
Fs(-e)p Ft(')g(option.)54 b(The)330 2052 y Fs(read)31
b Ft(builtin)h(also)i(has)e(additional)h(options)g(to)g(con)m(trol)h
(input:)44 b(the)32 b(`)p Fs(-s)p Ft(')h(option)f(will)h(turn)f(o\013)
330 2162 y(ec)m(hoing)38 b(of)e(input)f(c)m(haracters)j(as)e(they)h
(are)f(read,)i(the)e(`)p Fs(-t)p Ft(')g(option)h(will)g(allo)m(w)g
Fs(read)e Ft(to)i(time)330 2271 y(out)c(if)g(input)f(do)s(es)g(not)h
(arriv)m(e)g(within)g(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(seconds,)h(the)f(`)p Fs(-n)p Ft(')f(option)i(will)330
2381 y(allo)m(w)29 b(reading)e(only)h(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)g(of)i(c)m(haracters)h(rather)e(than)g(a)h(full)f(line,)i(and)d
(the)i(`)p Fs(-d)p Ft(')330 2491 y(option)j(will)g(read)f(un)m(til)g(a)
h(particular)g(c)m(haracter)h(rather)e(than)g(newline.)225
2628 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)33 b Fs(return)e Ft(builtin)i(ma)m(y)g(b)s
(e)g(used)f(to)i(ab)s(ort)f(execution)h(of)f(scripts)g(executed)h(with)
f(the)g Fs(.)g Ft(or)330 2737 y Fs(source)c Ft(builtins)g(\(see)j
(Section)f(4.1)g([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\).)225
2874 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)43 b(includes)g(the)g Fs(shopt)f
Ft(builtin,)k(for)d(\014ner)f(con)m(trol)j(of)e(shell)h(optional)g
(capabilities)h(\(see)330 2984 y(Section)34 b(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)
i(page)e(41\),)i(and)e(allo)m(ws)h(these)f(options)h(to)f(b)s(e)g(set)g
(and)g(unset)f(at)330 3093 y(shell)f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)h(\(see)f
(Section)g(6.1)h([In)m(v)m(oking)f(Bash],)g(page)h(67\).)225
3230 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)23 b(has)f(m)m(uc)m(h)g(more)h(optional)h
(b)s(eha)m(vior)e(con)m(trollable)j(with)d(the)h Fs(set)e
Ft(builtin)h(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3)330 3340 y([The)30
b(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(53\).)225 3477 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)31 b(`)p Fs(-x)p Ft(')g(\()p Fs(xtrace)p Ft(\))g(option)h
(displa)m(ys)f(commands)h(other)f(than)h(simple)f(commands)g(when)g(p)s
(er-)330 3587 y(forming)f(an)g(execution)i(trace)f(\(see)h(Section)f
(4.3)g([The)g(Set)f(Builtin],)h(page)h(53\).)225 3724
y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)28 b Fs(test)g Ft(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)f
(4.1)h([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)g(35\))g(is)f(sligh)m(tly)h
(di\013eren)m(t,)330 3833 y(as)23 b(it)g(implemen)m(ts)f(the)h
Fl(posix)f Ft(algorithm,)j(whic)m(h)d(sp)s(eci\014es)g(the)h(b)s(eha)m
(vior)f(based)g(on)h(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)330 3943 y(of)31
b(argumen)m(ts.)225 4080 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(includes)g(the)h
Fs(caller)d Ft(builtin,)j(whic)m(h)f(displa)m(ys)g(the)g(con)m(text)i
(of)f(an)m(y)g(activ)m(e)h(subroutine)330 4189 y(call)28
b(\(a)f(shell)f(function)h(or)f(a)h(script)f(executed)h(with)f(the)h
Fs(.)f Ft(or)g Fs(source)f Ft(builtins\).)39 b(This)26
b(supp)s(orts)330 4299 y(the)31 b(bash)e(debugger.)225
4436 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)42 b Fs(trap)f Ft(builtin)h(\(see)i(Section)
f(4.1)h([Bourne)e(Shell)g(Builtins],)47 b(page)c(35\))h(allo)m(ws)g(a)e
Fs(DEBUG)330 4545 y Ft(pseudo-signal)c(sp)s(eci\014cation,)i(similar)e
(to)g Fs(EXIT)p Ft(.)62 b(Commands)36 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(with)g(a)h
Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(trap)330 4655 y(are)k(executed)g(b)s(efore)f(ev)m(ery)h
(simple)f(command,)j Fs(for)c Ft(command,)k Fs(case)c
Ft(command,)k Fs(select)330 4765 y Ft(command,)35 b(ev)m(ery)g
(arithmetic)g Fs(for)e Ft(command,)i(and)f(b)s(efore)g(the)g(\014rst)f
(command)h(executes)h(in)330 4874 y(a)29 b(shell)g(function.)40
b(The)28 b Fs(DEBUG)g Ft(trap)g(is)h(not)g(inherited)f(b)m(y)h(shell)g
(functions)f(unless)g(the)h(function)330 4984 y(has)35
b(b)s(een)g(giv)m(en)i(the)f Fs(trace)e Ft(attribute)i(or)g(the)g
Fs(functrace)d Ft(option)j(has)f(b)s(een)g(enabled)g(using)330
5093 y(the)28 b Fs(shopt)e Ft(builtin.)39 b(The)27 b
Fs(extdebug)f Ft(shell)i(option)g(has)f(additional)h(e\013ects)h(on)f
(the)g Fs(DEBUG)e Ft(trap.)330 5230 y(The)21 b Fs(trap)e
Ft(builtin)i(\(see)h(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)j
(page)e(35\))g(allo)m(ws)g(an)f Fs(ERR)f Ft(pseudo-)330
5340 y(signal)30 b(sp)s(eci\014cation,)h(similar)f(to)g
Fs(EXIT)f Ft(and)g Fs(DEBUG)p Ft(.)39 b(Commands)28 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)h
(with)g(an)g Fs(ERR)g Ft(trap)p eop end
%%Page: 135 141
TeXDict begin 135 140 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(135)330 299 y(are)40 b(executed)g(after)g
(a)f(simple)h(command)f(fails,)j(with)d(a)h(few)f(exceptions.)68
b(The)39 b Fs(ERR)g Ft(trap)g(is)330 408 y(not)g(inherited)f(b)m(y)h
(shell)g(functions)f(unless)g(the)h Fs(-o)29 b(errtrace)37
b Ft(option)i(to)g(the)g Fs(set)f Ft(builtin)g(is)330
518 y(enabled.)330 645 y(The)g Fs(trap)g Ft(builtin)h(\(see)g(Section)h
(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)g(Builtins],)i(page)f(35\))g(allo)m(ws)g(a)g
Fs(RETURN)330 755 y Ft(pseudo-signal)35 b(sp)s(eci\014cation,)j
(similar)d(to)h Fs(EXIT)e Ft(and)g Fs(DEBUG)p Ft(.)54
b(Commands)34 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)h(an)330 864 y
Fs(RETURN)k Ft(trap)i(are)g(executed)h(b)s(efore)e(execution)i(resumes)
e(after)h(a)g(shell)g(function)g(or)g(a)g(shell)330 974
y(script)36 b(executed)g(with)g Fs(.)f Ft(or)h Fs(source)e
Ft(returns.)56 b(The)35 b Fs(RETURN)f Ft(trap)i(is)g(not)g(inherited)f
(b)m(y)h(shell)330 1083 y(functions)k(unless)h(the)g(function)f(has)h
(b)s(een)f(giv)m(en)i(the)f Fs(trace)e Ft(attribute)j(or)e(the)h
Fs(functrace)330 1193 y Ft(option)31 b(has)f(b)s(een)g(enabled)g(using)
g(the)g Fs(shopt)f Ft(builtin.)225 1320 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)30 b(Bash)g Fs(type)f Ft(builtin)h(is)g(more)g(extensiv)m(e)i
(and)d(giv)m(es)j(more)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)g(names)330
1430 y(it)h(\014nds)e(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i
(page)f(41\).)225 1557 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)34 b(Bash)h
Fs(umask)e Ft(builtin)h(p)s(ermits)g(a)g(`)p Fs(-p)p
Ft(')h(option)g(to)g(cause)g(the)g(output)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m
(ed)h(in)330 1666 y(the)g(form)g(of)g(a)h Fs(umask)e
Ft(command)h(that)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(reused)f(as)h(input)g(\(see)h
(Section)g(4.1)g([Bourne)330 1776 y(Shell)30 b(Builtins],)h(page)h
(35\).)225 1903 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)34 b(implemen)m(ts)h(a)g
Fs(csh)p Ft(-lik)m(e)g(directory)f(stac)m(k,)j(and)d(pro)m(vides)g(the)
g Fs(pushd)p Ft(,)g Fs(popd)p Ft(,)g(and)g Fs(dirs)330
2012 y Ft(builtins)g(to)i(manipulate)f(it)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.8)g
([The)f(Directory)h(Stac)m(k],)i(page)d(77\).)56 b(Bash)35
b(also)330 2122 y(mak)m(es)c(the)g(directory)g(stac)m(k)g(visible)g(as)
g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f Fs(DIRSTACK)f Ft(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable.)225 2249 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)28 b(in)m(terprets)h(sp)s
(ecial)g(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)g(c)m(haracters)g(in)f(the)h(prompt)e
(strings)h(when)f(in)m(ter-)330 2358 y(activ)m(e)33 b(\(see)e(Section)g
(6.9)h([Prin)m(ting)e(a)h(Prompt],)g(page)g(79\).)225
2485 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)46 b(Bash)h(restricted)g(mo)s(de)f(is)h
(more)f(useful)g(\(see)h(Section)h(6.10)g([The)e(Restricted)i(Shell],)
330 2595 y(page)31 b(80\);)h(the)f(SVR4.2)g(shell)f(restricted)h(mo)s
(de)f(is)h(to)s(o)g(limited.)225 2722 y Fp(\017)60 b
Ft(The)30 b Fs(disown)f Ft(builtin)h(can)h(remo)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(job)f
(from)g(the)h(in)m(ternal)g(shell)g(job)f(table)i(\(see)f(Section)h
(7.2)330 2832 y([Job)h(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(86\))h(or)e
(suppress)e(the)i(sending)g(of)g Fs(SIGHUP)e Ft(to)j(a)g(job)f(when)f
(the)330 2941 y(shell)f(exits)g(as)f(the)h(result)f(of)h(a)f
Fs(SIGHUP)p Ft(.)225 3068 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31 b(includes)f(a)g(n)
m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(features)g(to)g(supp)s(ort)d(a)j(separate)g
(debugger)f(for)h(shell)f(scripts.)225 3195 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)28 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)f(has)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(privilege-related)g
(builtins)e(\()p Fs(mldmode)e Ft(and)i Fs(priv)p Ft(\))f(not)i(presen)m
(t)f(in)330 3305 y(Bash.)225 3432 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31
b(do)s(es)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e Fs(stop)g Ft(or)g
Fs(newgrp)f Ft(builtins.)225 3559 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)31
b(do)s(es)f(not)g(use)g(the)h Fs(SHACCT)d Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(or)e(p)s(erform)f(shell)i(accoun)m(ting.)225 3686 y
Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h Fs(sh)f Ft(uses)g(a)g
Fs(TIMEOUT)f Ft(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(lik)m(e)h(Bash)e(uses)g
Fs(TMOUT)p Ft(.)150 3830 y(More)h(features)g(unique)e(to)i(Bash)g(ma)m
(y)g(b)s(e)f(found)f(in)h(Chapter)f(6)i([Bash)g(F)-8
b(eatures],)32 b(page)f(67.)150 4065 y Fr(B.1)67 b(Implemen)l(tation)48
b(Di\013erences)e(F)-11 b(rom)44 b(The)h(SVR4.2)g(Shell)275
4301 y Ft(Since)39 b(Bash)h(is)f(a)h(completely)i(new)d(implemen)m
(tation,)k(it)d(do)s(es)g(not)f(su\013er)g(from)g(man)m(y)h(of)g(the)
150 4411 y(limitations)32 b(of)f(the)f(SVR4.2)h(shell.)41
b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(instance:)225 4538 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)32
b(do)s(es)f(not)h(fork)f(a)h(subshell)e(when)h(redirecting)h(in)m(to)h
(or)e(out)h(of)g(a)g(shell)f(con)m(trol)i(structure)330
4648 y(suc)m(h)d(as)h(an)f Fs(if)g Ft(or)g Fs(while)f
Ft(statemen)m(t.)225 4775 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)29 b(do)s(es)f(not)h
(allo)m(w)h(un)m(balanced)f(quotes.)41 b(The)28 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g
(will)g(silen)m(tly)h(insert)f(a)g(needed)330 4884 y(closing)g(quote)g
(at)f Fs(EOF)f Ft(under)g(certain)h(circumstances.)41
b(This)27 b(can)h(b)s(e)g(the)g(cause)g(of)g(some)h(hard-)330
4994 y(to-\014nd)h(errors.)225 5121 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)45
b(SVR4.2)h(shell)f(uses)g(a)g(baro)s(que)g(memory)g(managemen)m(t)i(sc)
m(heme)e(based)g(on)g(trapping)330 5230 y Fs(SIGSEGV)p
Ft(.)57 b(If)35 b(the)i(shell)f(is)h(started)g(from)e(a)i(pro)s(cess)f
(with)g Fs(SIGSEGV)e Ft(blo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)k(\(e.g.,)h(b)m(y)d(using)330
5340 y(the)31 b Fs(system\(\))d Ft(C)i(library)g(function)g(call\),)i
(it)f(misb)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(badly)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 136 142
TeXDict begin 136 141 bop 150 -116 a Ft(136)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)225 299 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(In)26
b(a)i(questionable)g(attempt)h(at)f(securit)m(y)-8 b(,)29
b(the)e(SVR4.2)h(shell,)g(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(without)g(the)f(`)p
Fs(-p)p Ft(')330 408 y(option,)39 b(will)d(alter)i(its)e(real)h(and)f
(e\013ectiv)m(e)j Fl(uid)d Ft(and)g Fl(gid)h Ft(if)f(they)h(are)f(less)
h(than)f(some)h(magic)330 518 y(threshold)30 b(v)-5 b(alue,)31
b(commonly)g(100.)42 b(This)29 b(can)i(lead)g(to)g(unexp)s(ected)f
(results.)225 653 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(do)s(es)f
(not)g(allo)m(w)i(users)e(to)h(trap)f Fs(SIGSEGV)p Ft(,)f
Fs(SIGALRM)p Ft(,)f(or)j Fs(SIGCHLD)p Ft(.)225 787 y
Fp(\017)60 b Ft(The)34 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)f(allo)m(w)j
(the)d Fs(IFS)p Ft(,)h Fs(MAILCHECK)p Ft(,)f Fs(PATH)p
Ft(,)h Fs(PS1)p Ft(,)g(or)f Fs(PS2)g Ft(v)-5 b(ariables)35
b(to)330 897 y(b)s(e)30 b(unset.)225 1031 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(treats)g(`)p Fs(^)p Ft(')f(as)h(the)g
(undo)s(cumen)m(ted)e(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(of)g(`)p
Fs(|)p Ft('.)225 1166 y Fp(\017)60 b Ft(Bash)37 b(allo)m(ws)h(m)m
(ultiple)f(option)g(argumen)m(ts)g(when)e(it)i(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
(\()p Fs(-x)30 b(-v)p Ft(\);)40 b(the)c(SVR4.2)i(shell)330
1275 y(allo)m(ws)c(only)f(one)g(option)g(argumen)m(t)g(\()p
Fs(-xv)p Ft(\).)47 b(In)32 b(fact,)i(some)f(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(the)g
(shell)f(dump)f(core)330 1385 y(if)f(the)h(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(b)s
(egins)f(with)g(a)h(`)p Fs(-)p Ft('.)225 1519 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)26 b(SVR4.2)i(shell)f(exits)g(a)g(script)g(if)g(an)m(y)g
(builtin)f(fails;)j(Bash)e(exits)g(a)g(script)g(only)g(if)g(one)g(of)g
(the)330 1629 y Fl(posix)34 b Ft(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins)f(fails,)i(and)e
(only)h(for)f(certain)h(failures,)h(as)f(en)m(umerated)g(in)f(the)h
Fl(posix)330 1738 y Ft(standard.)225 1873 y Fp(\017)60
b Ft(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)f(di\013eren)m(tly)h
(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(as)e Fs(jsh)g Ft(\(it)h(turns)e(on)h(job)g
(con)m(trol\).)p eop end
%%Page: 137 143
TeXDict begin 137 142 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(Cop)m(ying)g(This)g(Man)m(ual)2063 b(137)150 299
y Fo(App)t(endix)52 b(C)126 b(Cop)l(ying)51 b(This)i(Man)l(ual)150
690 y Fr(C.1)68 b(GNU)45 b(F)-11 b(ree)45 b(Do)t(cumen)l(tation)h
(License)1396 909 y Ft(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(1.2,)h(No)m(v)m(em)m(b)s(er)g
(2002)390 1052 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)842 1049 y(c)817 1052
y Fp(\015)e Ft(2000,2001,2002)36 b(F)-8 b(ree)32 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)
-8 b(oundation,)32 b(Inc.)390 1161 y(59)f(T)-8 b(emple)31
b(Place,)h(Suite)e(330,)i(Boston,)g(MA)61 b(02111-1307,)35
b(USA)390 1380 y(Ev)m(ery)m(one)c(is)g(p)s(ermitted)f(to)h(cop)m(y)g
(and)f(distribute)g(v)m(erbatim)h(copies)390 1490 y(of)g(this)f
(license)h(do)s(cumen)m(t,)g(but)e(c)m(hanging)j(it)f(is)f(not)h(allo)m
(w)m(ed.)199 1632 y(0.)61 b(PREAMBLE)330 1770 y(The)37
b(purp)s(ose)e(of)i(this)g(License)h(is)f(to)h(mak)m(e)g(a)g(man)m
(ual,)h(textb)s(o)s(ok,)h(or)d(other)g(functional)h(and)330
1880 y(useful)29 b(do)s(cumen)m(t)h Fq(free)36 b Ft(in)29
b(the)i(sense)f(of)g(freedom:)41 b(to)31 b(assure)e(ev)m(ery)m(one)j
(the)e(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(freedom)330 1990 y(to)f(cop)m(y)g(and)f
(redistribute)g(it,)h(with)g(or)f(without)g(mo)s(difying)g(it,)i
(either)f(commercially)h(or)e(non-)330 2099 y(commercially)-8
b(.)56 b(Secondarily)-8 b(,)36 b(this)f(License)g(preserv)m(es)g(for)f
(the)h(author)f(and)g(publisher)f(a)i(w)m(a)m(y)330 2209
y(to)i(get)g(credit)g(for)f(their)g(w)m(ork,)i(while)e(not)g(b)s(eing)g
(considered)g(resp)s(onsible)f(for)h(mo)s(di\014cations)330
2318 y(made)30 b(b)m(y)h(others.)330 2457 y(This)22 b(License)i(is)f(a)
h(kind)e(of)i(\\cop)m(yleft",)j(whic)m(h)c(means)g(that)h(deriv)-5
b(ativ)m(e)24 b(w)m(orks)f(of)h(the)f(do)s(cumen)m(t)330
2566 y(m)m(ust)34 b(themselv)m(es)h(b)s(e)e(free)h(in)g(the)g(same)g
(sense.)51 b(It)34 b(complemen)m(ts)h(the)f(GNU)g(General)h(Public)330
2676 y(License,)c(whic)m(h)f(is)h(a)f(cop)m(yleft)i(license)g(designed)
e(for)g(free)h(soft)m(w)m(are.)330 2814 y(W)-8 b(e)31
b(ha)m(v)m(e)f(designed)g(this)f(License)h(in)f(order)g(to)i(use)e(it)h
(for)f(man)m(uals)h(for)f(free)h(soft)m(w)m(are,)h(b)s(ecause)330
2924 y(free)42 b(soft)m(w)m(are)i(needs)e(free)g(do)s(cumen)m(tation:)
65 b(a)42 b(free)h(program)f(should)f(come)i(with)f(man)m(uals)330
3033 y(pro)m(viding)29 b(the)g(same)g(freedoms)f(that)i(the)f(soft)m(w)
m(are)h(do)s(es.)40 b(But)29 b(this)f(License)i(is)f(not)g(limited)g
(to)330 3143 y(soft)m(w)m(are)j(man)m(uals;)f(it)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g
(for)g(an)m(y)h(textual)h(w)m(ork,)f(regardless)g(of)g(sub)5
b(ject)30 b(matter)i(or)330 3252 y(whether)f(it)h(is)f(published)f(as)i
(a)f(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(o)s(ok.)44 b(W)-8 b(e)32 b(recommend)f(this)h
(License)g(principally)f(for)330 3362 y(w)m(orks)f(whose)h(purp)s(ose)d
(is)j(instruction)f(or)g(reference.)199 3500 y(1.)61
b(APPLICABILITY)29 b(AND)j(DEFINITIONS)330 3639 y(This)39
b(License)i(applies)f(to)g(an)m(y)h(man)m(ual)f(or)g(other)g(w)m(ork,)i
(in)e(an)m(y)g(medium,)i(that)e(con)m(tains)i(a)330 3748
y(notice)h(placed)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)h(holder)e(sa)m(ying)
h(it)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(distributed)f(under)g(the)i(terms)330
3858 y(of)c(this)f(License.)62 b(Suc)m(h)37 b(a)h(notice)h(gran)m(ts)f
(a)g(w)m(orld-wide,)h(ro)m(y)m(alt)m(y-free)i(license,)f(unlimited)d
(in)330 3967 y(duration,)49 b(to)d(use)f(that)g(w)m(ork)h(under)d(the)j
(conditions)f(stated)h(herein.)85 b(The)45 b(\\Do)s(cumen)m(t",)330
4077 y(b)s(elo)m(w,)29 b(refers)f(to)h(an)m(y)g(suc)m(h)f(man)m(ual)h
(or)f(w)m(ork.)40 b(An)m(y)29 b(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(the)f(public)g(is)g
(a)h(licensee,)i(and)330 4187 y(is)25 b(addressed)f(as)h(\\y)m(ou".)40
b(Y)-8 b(ou)26 b(accept)g(the)f(license)h(if)f(y)m(ou)h(cop)m(y)-8
b(,)27 b(mo)s(dify)d(or)h(distribute)g(the)g(w)m(ork)330
4296 y(in)30 b(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(requiring)f(p)s(ermission)f(under)g(cop)
m(yrigh)m(t)j(la)m(w.)330 4435 y(A)i(\\Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion")35 b(of)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(means)g(an)m(y)g(w)m(ork)f
(con)m(taining)j(the)e(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(or)330 4544 y(a)k(p)s(ortion)f
(of)h(it,)i(either)e(copied)g(v)m(erbatim,)i(or)d(with)h(mo)s
(di\014cations)f(and/or)h(translated)g(in)m(to)330 4654
y(another)31 b(language.)330 4792 y(A)26 b(\\Secondary)g(Section")h(is)
f(a)h(named)e(app)s(endix)f(or)i(a)h(fron)m(t-matter)g(section)g(of)f
(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 4902 y(that)c(deals)g(exclusiv)m(ely)h(with)e
(the)g(relationship)h(of)f(the)h(publishers)d(or)i(authors)g(of)h(the)f
(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 5011 y(to)38 b(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)i(o)m(v)m
(erall)g(sub)5 b(ject)37 b(\(or)h(to)g(related)g(matters\))g(and)f(con)
m(tains)h(nothing)f(that)330 5121 y(could)j(fall)h(directly)g(within)f
(that)h(o)m(v)m(erall)i(sub)5 b(ject.)70 b(\(Th)m(us,)42
b(if)e(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)f(in)g(part)h(a)330
5230 y(textb)s(o)s(ok)24 b(of)g(mathematics,)j(a)d(Secondary)f(Section)
h(ma)m(y)g(not)g(explain)g(an)m(y)g(mathematics.\))40
b(The)330 5340 y(relationship)28 b(could)f(b)s(e)g(a)g(matter)i(of)e
(historical)i(connection)f(with)f(the)h(sub)5 b(ject)27
b(or)g(with)g(related)p eop end
%%Page: 138 144
TeXDict begin 138 143 bop 150 -116 a Ft(138)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)330 299 y(matters,)38 b(or)d(of)h(legal,)i
(commercial,)h(philosophical,)f(ethical)f(or)e(p)s(olitical)i(p)s
(osition)f(regarding)330 408 y(them.)330 549 y(The)25
b(\\In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)27 b(Sections")g(are)f(certain)g(Secondary)g
(Sections)g(whose)f(titles)i(are)f(designated,)i(as)330
659 y(b)s(eing)e(those)h(of)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)27
b(Sections,)i(in)d(the)h(notice)h(that)f(sa)m(ys)g(that)g(the)g(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(released)330 769 y(under)f(this)i(License.)40
b(If)27 b(a)h(section)h(do)s(es)f(not)f(\014t)h(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h
(de\014nition)e(of)h(Secondary)f(then)h(it)g(is)330 878
y(not)k(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(to)e(b)s(e)g(designated)g(as)g(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t.)46 b(The)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(t)i(ma)m(y)f(con)m(tain)i(zero)
e(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)330 988 y(Sections.)39 b(If)25
b(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)i(do)s(es)e(not)h(iden)m(tify)g(an)m(y)g(In)m(v)
-5 b(arian)m(t)25 b(Sections)h(then)e(there)h(are)g(none.)330
1129 y(The)36 b(\\Co)m(v)m(er)i(T)-8 b(exts")38 b(are)f(certain)g
(short)g(passages)g(of)g(text)g(that)h(are)f(listed,)i(as)d(F)-8
b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)330 1238 y(T)g(exts)26 b(or)f(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m
(er)j(T)-8 b(exts,)27 b(in)d(the)h(notice)i(that)e(sa)m(ys)h(that)g
(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(is)f(released)g(under)330 1348
y(this)h(License.)40 b(A)25 b(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)29
b(T)-8 b(ext)26 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(at)i(most)f(5)g(w)m(ords,)g(and)g(a)
g(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext)26 b(ma)m(y)330 1457
y(b)s(e)k(at)h(most)g(25)g(w)m(ords.)330 1598 y(A)36
b(\\T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t")36 b(cop)m(y)g(of)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h
(means)g(a)g(mac)m(hine-readable)h(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)38
b(represen)m(ted)330 1708 y(in)d(a)h(format)g(whose)g(sp)s
(eci\014cation)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)38 b(to)f(the)f(general)g
(public,)h(that)f(is)g(suitable)g(for)330 1817 y(revising)c(the)g(do)s
(cumen)m(t)f(straigh)m(tforw)m(ardly)i(with)e(generic)i(text)g(editors)
f(or)f(\(for)h(images)h(com-)330 1927 y(p)s(osed)23 b(of)h(pixels\))g
(generic)h(pain)m(t)f(programs)g(or)f(\(for)h(dra)m(wings\))g(some)g
(widely)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)26 b(dra)m(wing)330 2037
y(editor,)k(and)f(that)g(is)g(suitable)h(for)f(input)f(to)i(text)g
(formatters)f(or)g(for)g(automatic)i(translation)f(to)330
2146 y(a)d(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)28 b(of)f(formats)g(suitable)h(for)e(input)
g(to)i(text)g(formatters.)40 b(A)27 b(cop)m(y)g(made)g(in)g(an)g
(otherwise)330 2256 y(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)37 b(\014le)h(format)g
(whose)f(markup,)i(or)e(absence)h(of)g(markup,)g(has)g(b)s(een)f
(arranged)g(to)330 2365 y(th)m(w)m(art)27 b(or)g(discourage)g
(subsequen)m(t)f(mo)s(di\014cation)h(b)m(y)g(readers)f(is)g(not)h(T)-8
b(ransparen)m(t.)39 b(An)27 b(image)330 2475 y(format)35
b(is)f(not)h(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)34 b(if)g(used)g(for)g(an)m(y)g
(substan)m(tial)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)g(text.)53 b(A)35 b(cop)m(y)g(that)g
(is)330 2585 y(not)c(\\T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t")31 b(is)f(called)i
(\\Opaque".)330 2725 y(Examples)53 b(of)g(suitable)h(formats)f(for)g(T)
-8 b(ransparen)m(t)53 b(copies)h(include)f(plain)g Fl(asci)r(i)g
Ft(without)330 2835 y(markup,)41 b(T)-8 b(exinfo)40 b(input)f(format,)j
(LaT)1775 2855 y(E)1826 2835 y(X)d(input)g(format,)k
Fl(sgml)c Ft(or)g Fl(xml)g Ft(using)g(a)h(publicly)330
2945 y(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)34 b Fl(dtd)p Ft(,)d(and)g
(standard-conforming)g(simple)h Fl(html)p Ft(,)f(P)m(ostScript)h(or)f
Fl(pdf)g Ft(designed)g(for)330 3054 y(h)m(uman)37 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)
65 b(Examples)38 b(of)g(transparen)m(t)g(image)i(formats)e(include)g
Fl(png)p Ft(,)i Fl(x)n(cf)e Ft(and)330 3164 y Fl(jpg)p
Ft(.)63 b(Opaque)38 b(formats)g(include)g(proprietary)g(formats)g(that)
h(can)f(b)s(e)g(read)g(and)f(edited)i(only)330 3273 y(b)m(y)g
(proprietary)g(w)m(ord)g(pro)s(cessors,)j Fl(sgml)c Ft(or)i
Fl(xml)e Ft(for)i(whic)m(h)f(the)g Fl(dtd)g Ft(and/or)g(pro)s(cessing)
330 3383 y(to)s(ols)32 b(are)f(not)g(generally)h(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable,)34 b(and)c(the)h(mac)m(hine-generated)i Fl(html)p
Ft(,)d(P)m(ostScript)i(or)f Fl(pdf)330 3493 y Ft(pro)s(duced)e(b)m(y)h
(some)h(w)m(ord)f(pro)s(cessors)g(for)g(output)g(purp)s(oses)e(only)-8
b(.)330 3634 y(The)34 b(\\Title)h(P)m(age")i(means,)e(for)f(a)h(prin)m
(ted)f(b)s(o)s(ok,)h(the)f(title)i(page)f(itself,)h(plus)e(suc)m(h)f
(follo)m(wing)330 3743 y(pages)28 b(as)g(are)g(needed)g(to)g(hold,)g
(legibly)-8 b(,)30 b(the)e(material)h(this)f(License)g(requires)f(to)h
(app)s(ear)f(in)h(the)330 3853 y(title)g(page.)40 b(F)-8
b(or)28 b(w)m(orks)e(in)g(formats)h(whic)m(h)g(do)f(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h
(an)m(y)e(title)j(page)e(as)g(suc)m(h,)g(\\Title)h(P)m(age")330
3962 y(means)j(the)f(text)i(near)e(the)h(most)g(prominen)m(t)g(app)s
(earance)f(of)h(the)g(w)m(ork's)g(title,)h(preceding)f(the)330
4072 y(b)s(eginning)f(of)g(the)h(b)s(o)s(dy)e(of)h(the)h(text.)330
4213 y(A)f(section)h(\\En)m(titled)g(XYZ")f(means)f(a)h(named)g
(subunit)e(of)h(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(whose)e(title)i(either)330
4322 y(is)d(precisely)g(XYZ)g(or)f(con)m(tains)i(XYZ)f(in)f(paren)m
(theses)i(follo)m(wing)g(text)g(that)f(translates)h(XYZ)e(in)330
4432 y(another)e(language.)40 b(\(Here)26 b(XYZ)f(stands)f(for)h(a)g
(sp)s(eci\014c)g(section)h(name)f(men)m(tioned)h(b)s(elo)m(w,)g(suc)m
(h)330 4542 y(as)i(\\Ac)m(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts",)33 b(\\Dedications",)e
(\\Endorsemen)m(ts",)e(or)f(\\History".\))42 b(T)-8 b(o)29
b(\\Preserv)m(e)330 4651 y(the)34 b(Title")h(of)e(suc)m(h)h(a)g
(section)g(when)f(y)m(ou)h(mo)s(dify)e(the)i(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(means)e
(that)h(it)g(remains)g(a)330 4761 y(section)e(\\En)m(titled)f(XYZ")g
(according)g(to)g(this)g(de\014nition.)330 4902 y(The)c(Do)s(cumen)m(t)
i(ma)m(y)f(include)f(W)-8 b(arran)m(t)m(y)30 b(Disclaimers)f(next)f(to)
g(the)g(notice)h(whic)m(h)e(states)i(that)330 5011 y(this)34
b(License)g(applies)g(to)h(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)52 b(These)33
b(W)-8 b(arran)m(t)m(y)36 b(Disclaimers)f(are)g(considered)e(to)330
5121 y(b)s(e)k(included)g(b)m(y)g(reference)h(in)g(this)f(License,)j
(but)d(only)h(as)g(regards)f(disclaiming)i(w)m(arran)m(ties:)330
5230 y(an)m(y)e(other)g(implication)i(that)e(these)g(W)-8
b(arran)m(t)m(y)39 b(Disclaimers)f(ma)m(y)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(is)f(v)m(oid)g
(and)f(has)h(no)330 5340 y(e\013ect)32 b(on)e(the)h(meaning)f(of)h
(this)f(License.)p eop end
%%Page: 139 145
TeXDict begin 139 144 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(Cop)m(ying)g(This)g(Man)m(ual)2063 b(139)199 299
y(2.)61 b(VERBA)-8 b(TIM)31 b(COPYING)330 445 y(Y)-8
b(ou)39 b(ma)m(y)f(cop)m(y)h(and)e(distribute)h(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h
(in)f(an)m(y)g(medium,)h(either)g(commercially)h(or)330
555 y(noncommercially)-8 b(,)48 b(pro)m(vided)42 b(that)h(this)f
(License,)47 b(the)42 b(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i(notices,)j(and)42
b(the)h(license)330 664 y(notice)37 b(sa)m(ying)g(this)e(License)i
(applies)e(to)i(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(are)g(repro)s(duced)e(in)i(all)g
(copies,)j(and)330 774 y(that)27 b(y)m(ou)g(add)f(no)h(other)f
(conditions)h(whatso)s(ev)m(er)h(to)f(those)g(of)g(this)f(License.)40
b(Y)-8 b(ou)27 b(ma)m(y)g(not)g(use)330 883 y(tec)m(hnical)35
b(measures)d(to)i(obstruct)f(or)g(con)m(trol)h(the)f(reading)g(or)g
(further)e(cop)m(ying)j(of)f(the)g(copies)330 993 y(y)m(ou)25
b(mak)m(e)g(or)g(distribute.)38 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)28
b(y)m(ou)d(ma)m(y)g(accept)h(comp)s(ensation)f(in)f(exc)m(hange)j(for)d
(copies.)330 1103 y(If)32 b(y)m(ou)g(distribute)g(a)h(large)g(enough)f
(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(copies)h(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)h(also)g(follo)m(w)g
(the)f(conditions)330 1212 y(in)e(section)i(3.)330 1358
y(Y)-8 b(ou)21 b(ma)m(y)h(also)f(lend)g(copies,)i(under)d(the)h(same)g
(conditions)g(stated)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(and)c(y)m(ou)h(ma)m(y)g
(publicly)330 1468 y(displa)m(y)31 b(copies.)199 1614
y(3.)61 b(COPYING)30 b(IN)g(QUANTITY)330 1760 y(If)25
b(y)m(ou)g(publish)f(prin)m(ted)g(copies)i(\(or)g(copies)g(in)f(media)g
(that)h(commonly)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(prin)m(ted)f(co)m(v)m(ers\))i(of)330
1870 y(the)32 b(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ering)e(more)h(than)f
(100,)j(and)d(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)h(license)f(notice)h(requires)330
1979 y(Co)m(v)m(er)i(T)-8 b(exts,)36 b(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)f(enclose)i
(the)e(copies)h(in)f(co)m(v)m(ers)i(that)f(carry)-8 b(,)36
b(clearly)f(and)f(legibly)-8 b(,)37 b(all)330 2089 y(these)j(Co)m(v)m
(er)g(T)-8 b(exts:)59 b(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)41
b(T)-8 b(exts)40 b(on)f(the)g(fron)m(t)g(co)m(v)m(er,)44
b(and)38 b(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)k(T)-8 b(exts)40 b(on)330
2198 y(the)29 b(bac)m(k)h(co)m(v)m(er.)42 b(Both)30 b(co)m(v)m(ers)h(m)
m(ust)e(also)h(clearly)g(and)f(legibly)h(iden)m(tify)f(y)m(ou)h(as)f
(the)h(publisher)330 2308 y(of)k(these)h(copies.)53 b(The)34
b(fron)m(t)h(co)m(v)m(er)h(m)m(ust)e(presen)m(t)g(the)h(full)f(title)i
(with)d(all)j(w)m(ords)d(of)i(the)f(title)330 2418 y(equally)e
(prominen)m(t)e(and)g(visible.)43 b(Y)-8 b(ou)31 b(ma)m(y)g(add)g
(other)g(material)h(on)f(the)g(co)m(v)m(ers)h(in)e(addition.)330
2527 y(Cop)m(ying)36 b(with)g(c)m(hanges)h(limited)g(to)g(the)g(co)m(v)
m(ers,)i(as)d(long)h(as)g(they)f(preserv)m(e)g(the)h(title)g(of)g(the)
330 2637 y(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(and)e(satisfy)i(these)f(conditions,)j(can)d
(b)s(e)g(treated)h(as)f(v)m(erbatim)h(cop)m(ying)g(in)f(other)330
2746 y(resp)s(ects.)330 2892 y(If)32 b(the)h(required)f(texts)i(for)e
(either)h(co)m(v)m(er)i(are)e(to)s(o)g(v)m(oluminous)g(to)g(\014t)g
(legibly)-8 b(,)35 b(y)m(ou)e(should)f(put)330 3002 y(the)h(\014rst)f
(ones)h(listed)g(\(as)h(man)m(y)f(as)g(\014t)g(reasonably\))g(on)g(the)
g(actual)h(co)m(v)m(er,)h(and)e(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(the)330
3112 y(rest)d(on)m(to)g(adjacen)m(t)h(pages.)330 3258
y(If)27 b(y)m(ou)g(publish)e(or)i(distribute)g(Opaque)f(copies)i(of)f
(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ering)f(more)i(than)e(100,)330
3367 y(y)m(ou)i(m)m(ust)g(either)h(include)e(a)i(mac)m(hine-readable)g
(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)28 b(cop)m(y)h(along)g(with)e(eac)m(h)i(Opaque)
330 3477 y(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)38 b(or)d(state)h(in)f(or)g(with)g(eac)m(h)h
(Opaque)e(cop)m(y)i(a)g(computer-net)m(w)m(ork)g(lo)s(cation)h(from)d
(whic)m(h)330 3587 y(the)24 b(general)i(net)m(w)m(ork-using)f(public)e
(has)h(access)i(to)f(do)m(wnload)f(using)g(public-standard)f(net)m(w)m
(ork)330 3696 y(proto)s(cols)40 b(a)f(complete)h(T)-8
b(ransparen)m(t)39 b(cop)m(y)g(of)g(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)i(free)d(of)g
(added)f(material.)67 b(If)330 3806 y(y)m(ou)39 b(use)g(the)g(latter)h
(option,)h(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)e(tak)m(e)j(reasonably)e(pruden)m(t)e
(steps,)k(when)d(y)m(ou)h(b)s(egin)330 3915 y(distribution)f(of)g
(Opaque)g(copies)h(in)e(quan)m(tit)m(y)-8 b(,)43 b(to)38
b(ensure)g(that)h(this)f(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)38 b(cop)m(y)h(will)330
4025 y(remain)30 b(th)m(us)g(accessible)i(at)f(the)f(stated)h(lo)s
(cation)h(un)m(til)e(at)h(least)h(one)e(y)m(ear)h(after)g(the)f(last)h
(time)330 4134 y(y)m(ou)37 b(distribute)f(an)h(Opaque)f(cop)m(y)i
(\(directly)g(or)e(through)g(y)m(our)h(agen)m(ts)h(or)f(retailers\))h
(of)f(that)330 4244 y(edition)31 b(to)g(the)g(public.)330
4390 y(It)k(is)f(requested,)i(but)e(not)h(required,)g(that)g(y)m(ou)g
(con)m(tact)h(the)f(authors)f(of)h(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(w)m(ell)330
4500 y(b)s(efore)28 b(redistributing)g(an)m(y)h(large)h(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)d(of)i(copies,)h(to)f(giv)m(e)h(them)f(a)g(c)m(hance)h(to)f(pro)m
(vide)g(y)m(ou)330 4609 y(with)h(an)g(up)s(dated)f(v)m(ersion)i(of)g
(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)199 4755 y(4.)61 b(MODIFICA)-8
b(TIONS)330 4902 y(Y)g(ou)26 b(ma)m(y)g(cop)m(y)g(and)f(distribute)g(a)
h(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion)26 b(of)g(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(under)
e(the)h(conditions)330 5011 y(of)c(sections)h(2)g(and)e(3)h(ab)s(o)m(v)
m(e,)k(pro)m(vided)20 b(that)i(y)m(ou)f(release)i(the)e(Mo)s(di\014ed)f
(V)-8 b(ersion)22 b(under)d(precisely)330 5121 y(this)29
b(License,)h(with)f(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion)30
b(\014lling)f(the)g(role)h(of)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(th)m(us)f
(licensing)330 5230 y(distribution)k(and)h(mo)s(di\014cation)g(of)h
(the)f(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion)35 b(to)g(who)s(ev)m(er)f(p)s
(ossesses)f(a)i(cop)m(y)g(of)330 5340 y(it.)41 b(In)30
b(addition,)h(y)m(ou)f(m)m(ust)h(do)f(these)h(things)f(in)g(the)h(Mo)s
(di\014ed)e(V)-8 b(ersion:)p eop end
%%Page: 140 146
TeXDict begin 140 145 bop 150 -116 a Ft(140)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)357 299 y(A.)60 b(Use)33 b(in)f(the)h(Title)h
(P)m(age)g(\(and)f(on)f(the)h(co)m(v)m(ers,)i(if)e(an)m(y\))g(a)g
(title)h(distinct)f(from)g(that)g(of)g(the)510 408 y(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)j
(and)d(from)g(those)i(of)f(previous)f(v)m(ersions)h(\(whic)m(h)g
(should,)g(if)g(there)g(w)m(ere)g(an)m(y)-8 b(,)510 518
y(b)s(e)31 b(listed)h(in)f(the)g(History)h(section)g(of)g(the)f(Do)s
(cumen)m(t\).)45 b(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)g(use)f(the)g(same)h(title)h
(as)510 628 y(a)e(previous)f(v)m(ersion)g(if)h(the)f(original)i
(publisher)d(of)h(that)h(v)m(ersion)g(giv)m(es)h(p)s(ermission.)360
758 y(B.)61 b(List)31 b(on)f(the)h(Title)g(P)m(age,)i(as)d(authors,)h
(one)g(or)f(more)h(p)s(ersons)e(or)h(en)m(tities)j(resp)s(onsible)c
(for)510 867 y(authorship)c(of)h(the)h(mo)s(di\014cations)f(in)g(the)g
(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion,)28 b(together)g(with)d(at)i(least)h
(\014v)m(e)510 977 y(of)c(the)g(principal)g(authors)f(of)i(the)f(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)g(\(all)h(of)g(its)f(principal)g(authors,)h(if)f(it)g(has)g
(few)m(er)510 1087 y(than)30 b(\014v)m(e\),)h(unless)f(they)h(release)g
(y)m(ou)g(from)f(this)g(requiremen)m(t.)359 1217 y(C.)60
b(State)32 b(on)e(the)h(Title)h(page)f(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g
(publisher)e(of)i(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8 b(ersion,)32
b(as)f(the)510 1326 y(publisher.)355 1456 y(D.)61 b(Preserv)m(e)31
b(all)g(the)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)h(notices)f(of)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)
363 1587 y(E.)60 b(Add)30 b(an)i(appropriate)f(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i
(notice)f(for)g(y)m(our)f(mo)s(di\014cations)g(adjacen)m(t)i(to)f(the)g
(other)510 1696 y(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g(notices.)365 1826
y(F.)61 b(Include,)28 b(immediately)h(after)f(the)h(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)g
(notices,)h(a)e(license)h(notice)g(giving)g(the)f(public)510
1936 y(p)s(ermission)23 b(to)j(use)e(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)g(V)-8
b(ersion)25 b(under)e(the)i(terms)f(of)h(this)f(License,)j(in)d(the)g
(form)510 2045 y(sho)m(wn)30 b(in)g(the)g(Addendum)f(b)s(elo)m(w.)353
2176 y(G.)61 b(Preserv)m(e)23 b(in)g(that)g(license)h(notice)g(the)f
(full)g(lists)g(of)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)23 b(Sections)h(and)e
(required)g(Co)m(v)m(er)510 2285 y(T)-8 b(exts)31 b(giv)m(en)g(in)f
(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)g(license)h(notice.)357 2415
y(H.)60 b(Include)30 b(an)g(unaltered)g(cop)m(y)h(of)g(this)f(License.)
392 2545 y(I.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)33 b(the)f(section)h(En)m(titled)g
(\\History",)h(Preserv)m(e)f(its)f(Title,)i(and)d(add)h(to)h(it)f(an)g
(item)510 2655 y(stating)d(at)g(least)g(the)g(title,)h(y)m(ear,)g(new)d
(authors,)i(and)e(publisher)f(of)j(the)f(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion)510 2765 y(as)32 b(giv)m(en)g(on)f(the)h(Title)g(P)m(age.)45
b(If)31 b(there)h(is)f(no)g(section)i(En)m(titled)f(\\History")h(in)e
(the)g(Do)s(cu-)510 2874 y(men)m(t,)37 b(create)f(one)f(stating)h(the)f
(title,)i(y)m(ear,)g(authors,)f(and)e(publisher)f(of)i(the)g(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)510 2984 y(as)h(giv)m(en)h(on)f(its)h(Title)g(P)m(age,)i
(then)d(add)g(an)g(item)g(describing)g(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)g(V)-8
b(ersion)37 b(as)510 3093 y(stated)31 b(in)f(the)h(previous)f(sen)m
(tence.)378 3224 y(J.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)33 b(the)g(net)m(w)m(ork)g(lo)s
(cation,)i(if)d(an)m(y)-8 b(,)34 b(giv)m(en)f(in)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m
(t)h(for)g(public)e(access)j(to)510 3333 y(a)e(T)-8 b(ransparen)m(t)30
b(cop)m(y)i(of)g(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(and)f(lik)m(ewise)h(the)g(net)
m(w)m(ork)g(lo)s(cations)g(giv)m(en)g(in)510 3443 y(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m
(t)g(for)g(previous)f(v)m(ersions)h(it)g(w)m(as)g(based)f(on.)45
b(These)31 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(placed)h(in)g(the)510 3552
y(\\History")27 b(section.)40 b(Y)-8 b(ou)25 b(ma)m(y)h(omit)g(a)f(net)
m(w)m(ork)h(lo)s(cation)g(for)f(a)h(w)m(ork)f(that)g(w)m(as)h
(published)510 3662 y(at)36 b(least)h(four)e(y)m(ears)i(b)s(efore)e
(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(itself,)h(or)d(if)h(the)g(original)h(publisher)
d(of)i(the)510 3771 y(v)m(ersion)31 b(it)g(refers)f(to)h(giv)m(es)h(p)s
(ermission.)354 3902 y(K.)60 b(F)-8 b(or)24 b(an)m(y)h(section)f(En)m
(titled)h(\\Ac)m(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts")i(or)d(\\Dedications",)k
(Preserv)m(e)c(the)g(Title)510 4011 y(of)j(the)f(section,)j(and)d
(preserv)m(e)h(in)f(the)h(section)g(all)h(the)e(substance)h(and)f(tone)
h(of)f(eac)m(h)i(of)f(the)510 4121 y(con)m(tributor)k(ac)m(kno)m
(wledgemen)m(ts)i(and/or)d(dedications)h(giv)m(en)h(therein.)368
4251 y(L.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)36 b(all)g(the)g(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(of)f(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)h(unaltered)f
(in)f(their)g(text)i(and)510 4361 y(in)f(their)g(titles.)58
b(Section)37 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)d(or)i(the)g(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)38 b(are)e(not)g(considered)g(part)g(of)g(the)510
4470 y(section)c(titles.)341 4600 y(M.)61 b(Delete)33
b(an)m(y)e(section)h(En)m(titled)f(\\Endorsemen)m(ts".)42
b(Suc)m(h)30 b(a)i(section)f(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)f(included)510
4710 y(in)g(the)h(Mo)s(di\014ed)e(V)-8 b(ersion.)357
4840 y(N.)60 b(Do)29 b(not)g(retitle)h(an)m(y)e(existing)i(section)f
(to)g(b)s(e)f(En)m(titled)h(\\Endorsemen)m(ts")g(or)f(to)h(con\015ict)g
(in)510 4950 y(title)j(with)e(an)m(y)h(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)31
b(Section.)354 5080 y(O.)60 b(Preserv)m(e)31 b(an)m(y)g(W)-8
b(arran)m(t)m(y)32 b(Disclaimers.)330 5230 y(If)h(the)g(Mo)s(di\014ed)g
(V)-8 b(ersion)34 b(includes)f(new)g(fron)m(t-matter)i(sections)f(or)f
(app)s(endices)g(that)h(qualify)330 5340 y(as)28 b(Secondary)g
(Sections)g(and)f(con)m(tain)j(no)d(material)j(copied)e(from)f(the)h
(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)i(y)m(ou)e(ma)m(y)g(at)p eop end
%%Page: 141 147
TeXDict begin 141 146 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(Cop)m(ying)g(This)g(Man)m(ual)2063 b(141)330 299
y(y)m(our)32 b(option)h(designate)h(some)e(or)h(all)g(of)f(these)h
(sections)h(as)e(in)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t.)48 b(T)-8 b(o)33
b(do)f(this,)h(add)f(their)330 408 y(titles)37 b(to)f(the)f(list)h(of)g
(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(in)f(the)h(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion's)36 b(license)g(notice.)57 b(These)330 518
y(titles)32 b(m)m(ust)e(b)s(e)g(distinct)h(from)e(an)m(y)i(other)g
(section)g(titles.)330 650 y(Y)-8 b(ou)43 b(ma)m(y)g(add)f(a)g(section)
i(En)m(titled)f(\\Endorsemen)m(ts",)j(pro)m(vided)c(it)h(con)m(tains)g
(nothing)g(but)330 759 y(endorsemen)m(ts)30 b(of)g(y)m(our)f(Mo)s
(di\014ed)g(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(b)m(y)e(v)-5 b(arious)30
b(parties|for)g(example,)g(statemen)m(ts)i(of)330 869
y(p)s(eer)27 b(review)g(or)g(that)h(the)f(text)i(has)d(b)s(een)h(appro)
m(v)m(ed)g(b)m(y)g(an)h(organization)h(as)e(the)h(authoritativ)m(e)330
978 y(de\014nition)i(of)h(a)f(standard.)330 1110 y(Y)-8
b(ou)29 b(ma)m(y)g(add)e(a)i(passage)g(of)g(up)e(to)i(\014v)m(e)g(w)m
(ords)e(as)i(a)g(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)30 b(T)-8
b(ext,)30 b(and)e(a)g(passage)i(of)e(up)330 1219 y(to)g(25)g(w)m(ords)e
(as)i(a)f(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext,)29 b(to)f(the)f(end)f(of)i
(the)f(list)h(of)f(Co)m(v)m(er)h(T)-8 b(exts)27 b(in)g(the)h(Mo)s
(di\014ed)330 1329 y(V)-8 b(ersion.)58 b(Only)35 b(one)h(passage)h(of)f
(F)-8 b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)38 b(T)-8 b(ext)36 b(and)g(one)g(of)g(Bac)m
(k-Co)m(v)m(er)j(T)-8 b(ext)36 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)330 1439
y(added)27 b(b)m(y)g(\(or)h(through)f(arrangemen)m(ts)h(made)g(b)m(y\))
g(an)m(y)g(one)f(en)m(tit)m(y)-8 b(.)42 b(If)27 b(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)
g(already)330 1548 y(includes)34 b(a)g(co)m(v)m(er)h(text)g(for)f(the)g
(same)h(co)m(v)m(er,)h(previously)e(added)f(b)m(y)h(y)m(ou)g(or)g(b)m
(y)g(arrangemen)m(t)330 1658 y(made)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(same)f(en)m(tit)m
(y)i(y)m(ou)f(are)f(acting)i(on)e(b)s(ehalf)f(of,)j(y)m(ou)f(ma)m(y)g
(not)f(add)g(another;)j(but)330 1767 y(y)m(ou)c(ma)m(y)h(replace)g(the)
f(old)g(one,)i(on)e(explicit)h(p)s(ermission)e(from)g(the)i(previous)e
(publisher)f(that)330 1877 y(added)e(the)g(old)h(one.)330
2008 y(The)25 b(author\(s\))h(and)f(publisher\(s\))f(of)i(the)f(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)h(do)g(not)f(b)m(y)h(this)f(License)h(giv)m(e)h(p)s
(ermission)330 2118 y(to)k(use)f(their)g(names)h(for)f(publicit)m(y)g
(for)h(or)f(to)h(assert)g(or)f(imply)g(endorsemen)m(t)g(of)h(an)m(y)g
(Mo)s(di\014ed)330 2228 y(V)-8 b(ersion.)199 2359 y(5.)61
b(COMBINING)31 b(DOCUMENTS)330 2491 y(Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(ma)m(y)g(com)m
(bine)h(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(with)g(other)f(do)s(cumen)m(ts)h
(released)g(under)f(this)g(License,)330 2600 y(under)f(the)h(terms)g
(de\014ned)f(in)h(section)h(4)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g(for)f(mo)s(di\014ed)f
(v)m(ersions,)k(pro)m(vided)d(that)h(y)m(ou)330 2710
y(include)25 b(in)g(the)g(com)m(bination)i(all)f(of)g(the)f(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)26 b(Sections)g(of)g(all)g(of)f(the)h(original)g(do)s
(cumen)m(ts,)330 2819 y(unmo)s(di\014ed,)g(and)g(list)h(them)g(all)g
(as)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)28 b(Sections)f(of)g(y)m(our)g(com)m(bined)
g(w)m(ork)f(in)h(its)g(license)330 2929 y(notice,)32
b(and)e(that)h(y)m(ou)f(preserv)m(e)h(all)g(their)g(W)-8
b(arran)m(t)m(y)32 b(Disclaimers.)330 3061 y(The)e(com)m(bined)g(w)m
(ork)h(need)e(only)i(con)m(tain)g(one)g(cop)m(y)g(of)f(this)g(License,)
i(and)d(m)m(ultiple)i(iden)m(tical)330 3170 y(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)33 b(Sections)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(replaced)h(with)f(a)h
(single)g(cop)m(y)-8 b(.)48 b(If)32 b(there)h(are)g(m)m(ultiple)g(In)m
(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)330 3280 y(Sections)27 b(with)g(the)g(same)g(name)g
(but)f(di\013eren)m(t)h(con)m(ten)m(ts,)i(mak)m(e)f(the)f(title)h(of)f
(eac)m(h)h(suc)m(h)f(section)330 3389 y(unique)33 b(b)m(y)h(adding)f
(at)i(the)f(end)g(of)g(it,)h(in)f(paren)m(theses,)i(the)e(name)g(of)g
(the)g(original)h(author)f(or)330 3499 y(publisher)23
b(of)i(that)h(section)g(if)f(kno)m(wn,)h(or)f(else)h(a)f(unique)f(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er.)38 b(Mak)m(e)26 b(the)g(same)f(adjustmen)m(t)330
3608 y(to)g(the)g(section)g(titles)h(in)e(the)h(list)g(of)f(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)26 b(Sections)f(in)f(the)g(license)i(notice)g(of)e(the)h
(com)m(bined)330 3718 y(w)m(ork.)330 3850 y(In)41 b(the)g(com)m
(bination,)46 b(y)m(ou)41 b(m)m(ust)g(com)m(bine)h(an)m(y)g(sections)g
(En)m(titled)g(\\History")h(in)e(the)g(v)-5 b(ari-)330
3959 y(ous)32 b(original)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts,)g(forming)f(one)g(section)h
(En)m(titled)g(\\History";)i(lik)m(ewise)f(com)m(bine)f(an)m(y)330
4069 y(sections)g(En)m(titled)f(\\Ac)m(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts",)k(and)31
b(an)m(y)h(sections)h(En)m(titled)g(\\Dedications".)47
b(Y)-8 b(ou)330 4178 y(m)m(ust)30 b(delete)i(all)f(sections)h(En)m
(titled)f(\\Endorsemen)m(ts.")199 4310 y(6.)61 b(COLLECTIONS)28
b(OF)i(DOCUMENTS)330 4441 y(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)h(mak)m(e)g(a)f
(collection)i(consisting)f(of)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(and)g(other)g
(do)s(cumen)m(ts)f(released)330 4551 y(under)41 b(this)h(License,)k
(and)c(replace)h(the)g(individual)f(copies)h(of)f(this)g(License)h(in)f
(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)330 4661 y(do)s(cumen)m(ts)42 b(with)g(a)h(single)
g(cop)m(y)h(that)f(is)f(included)g(in)g(the)h(collection,)48
b(pro)m(vided)42 b(that)i(y)m(ou)330 4770 y(follo)m(w)38
b(the)g(rules)e(of)h(this)g(License)h(for)f(v)m(erbatim)h(cop)m(ying)g
(of)f(eac)m(h)h(of)f(the)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts)e(in)h(all)330
4880 y(other)31 b(resp)s(ects.)330 5011 y(Y)-8 b(ou)32
b(ma)m(y)g(extract)h(a)f(single)g(do)s(cumen)m(t)f(from)g(suc)m(h)g(a)h
(collection,)i(and)d(distribute)g(it)h(individu-)330
5121 y(ally)k(under)d(this)i(License,)i(pro)m(vided)e(y)m(ou)g(insert)g
(a)g(cop)m(y)h(of)f(this)g(License)g(in)m(to)h(the)g(extracted)330
5230 y(do)s(cumen)m(t,)d(and)f(follo)m(w)i(this)e(License)h(in)g(all)g
(other)g(resp)s(ects)f(regarding)h(v)m(erbatim)g(cop)m(ying)h(of)330
5340 y(that)d(do)s(cumen)m(t.)p eop end
%%Page: 142 148
TeXDict begin 142 147 bop 150 -116 a Ft(142)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)199 299 y(7.)61 b(A)m(GGREGA)-8
b(TION)32 b(WITH)e(INDEPENDENT)h(W)m(ORKS)330 428 y(A)d(compilation)i
(of)e(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(or)f(its)g(deriv)-5 b(ativ)m(es)30
b(with)d(other)i(separate)g(and)e(indep)s(enden)m(t)330
538 y(do)s(cumen)m(ts)33 b(or)g(w)m(orks,)h(in)f(or)h(on)f(a)g(v)m
(olume)h(of)g(a)f(storage)i(or)e(distribution)g(medium,)g(is)h(called)
330 648 y(an)c(\\aggregate")k(if)c(the)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i(resulting)e
(from)f(the)i(compilation)g(is)f(not)h(used)e(to)i(limit)g(the)330
757 y(legal)d(righ)m(ts)f(of)g(the)g(compilation's)h(users)e(b)s(ey)m
(ond)g(what)g(the)h(individual)f(w)m(orks)g(p)s(ermit.)39
b(When)330 867 y(the)28 b(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(included)f(an)g
(aggregate,)32 b(this)27 b(License)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(apply)f(to)h(the)g
(other)g(w)m(orks)330 976 y(in)i(the)h(aggregate)i(whic)m(h)d(are)h
(not)f(themselv)m(es)i(deriv)-5 b(ativ)m(e)32 b(w)m(orks)e(of)h(the)f
(Do)s(cumen)m(t.)330 1106 y(If)22 b(the)h(Co)m(v)m(er)h(T)-8
b(ext)23 b(requiremen)m(t)g(of)g(section)h(3)f(is)g(applicable)h(to)f
(these)h(copies)f(of)g(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)330 1215
y(then)f(if)g(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(less)f(than)g(one)h(half)f
(of)h(the)g(en)m(tire)g(aggregate,)k(the)c(Do)s(cumen)m(t's)g(Co)m(v)m
(er)330 1325 y(T)-8 b(exts)27 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(placed)h(on)g(co)m(v)m
(ers)h(that)f(brac)m(k)m(et)h(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(within)f(the)h
(aggregate,)j(or)d(the)330 1435 y(electronic)37 b(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)36 b(of)g(co)m(v)m(ers)g(if)f(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(is)f
(in)g(electronic)i(form.)54 b(Otherwise)35 b(they)330
1544 y(m)m(ust)30 b(app)s(ear)g(on)g(prin)m(ted)g(co)m(v)m(ers)i(that)f
(brac)m(k)m(et)h(the)f(whole)f(aggregate.)199 1674 y(8.)61
b(TRANSLA)-8 b(TION)330 1803 y(T)g(ranslation)41 b(is)f(considered)f(a)
i(kind)e(of)h(mo)s(di\014cation,)j(so)d(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)h(distribute)e
(translations)330 1913 y(of)45 b(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(under)e(the)h
(terms)h(of)f(section)i(4.)83 b(Replacing)45 b(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)45 b(Sections)g(with)330 2022 y(translations)h(requires)f
(sp)s(ecial)h(p)s(ermission)f(from)g(their)g(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i
(holders,)i(but)c(y)m(ou)g(ma)m(y)330 2132 y(include)24
b(translations)i(of)e(some)h(or)g(all)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)25
b(Sections)g(in)f(addition)h(to)g(the)g(original)h(v)m(ersions)330
2242 y(of)32 b(these)f(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)33 b(Sections.)44
b(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)g(include)f(a)h(translation)g(of)g(this)f
(License,)i(and)d(all)j(the)330 2351 y(license)42 b(notices)g(in)f(the)
h(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)j(and)40 b(an)m(y)i(W)-8 b(arran)m(t)m(y)42
b(Disclaimers,)k(pro)m(vided)41 b(that)h(y)m(ou)330 2461
y(also)f(include)f(the)g(original)h(English)f(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(this)g
(License)h(and)e(the)h(original)h(v)m(ersions)g(of)330
2570 y(those)35 b(notices)g(and)e(disclaimers.)53 b(In)33
b(case)i(of)g(a)f(disagreemen)m(t)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)f
(translation)i(and)330 2680 y(the)f(original)i(v)m(ersion)e(of)h(this)f
(License)h(or)f(a)g(notice)i(or)e(disclaimer,)i(the)f(original)g(v)m
(ersion)g(will)330 2790 y(prev)-5 b(ail.)330 2919 y(If)28
b(a)h(section)h(in)e(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(is)e(En)m(titled)i(\\Ac)m
(kno)m(wledgemen)m(ts",)i(\\Dedications",)g(or)d(\\His-)330
3029 y(tory",)f(the)f(requiremen)m(t)f(\(section)i(4\))f(to)g(Preserv)m
(e)g(its)f(Title)i(\(section)f(1\))g(will)g(t)m(ypically)h(require)330
3138 y(c)m(hanging)j(the)g(actual)h(title.)199 3268 y(9.)61
b(TERMINA)-8 b(TION)330 3397 y(Y)g(ou)30 b(ma)m(y)h(not)f(cop)m(y)-8
b(,)31 b(mo)s(dify)-8 b(,)30 b(sublicense,)g(or)g(distribute)f(the)h
(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(except)h(as)f(expressly)330 3507 y(pro)m(vided)41
b(for)h(under)e(this)i(License.)75 b(An)m(y)42 b(other)g(attempt)h(to)g
(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)46 b(mo)s(dify)-8 b(,)44 b(sublicense)e(or)330
3616 y(distribute)36 b(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(v)m(oid,)i(and)d
(will)h(automatically)i(terminate)f(y)m(our)e(righ)m(ts)h(under)330
3726 y(this)28 b(License.)40 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)31 b(parties)d(who)f
(ha)m(v)m(e)i(receiv)m(ed)g(copies,)h(or)d(righ)m(ts,)i(from)f(y)m(ou)g
(under)e(this)330 3836 y(License)37 b(will)g(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(their)f
(licenses)g(terminated)h(so)f(long)g(as)g(suc)m(h)f(parties)h(remain)g
(in)f(full)330 3945 y(compliance.)154 4075 y(10.)61 b(FUTURE)30
b(REVISIONS)f(OF)i(THIS)e(LICENSE)330 4204 y(The)41 b(F)-8
b(ree)43 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8 b(oundation)43 b(ma)m(y)f(publish)e
(new,)k(revised)d(v)m(ersions)h(of)g(the)g(GNU)g(F)-8
b(ree)330 4314 y(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)34 b(License)e(from)g(time)h(to)g
(time.)46 b(Suc)m(h)31 b(new)h(v)m(ersions)g(will)h(b)s(e)e(similar)h
(in)g(spirit)330 4423 y(to)j(the)g(presen)m(t)f(v)m(ersion,)i(but)e(ma)
m(y)h(di\013er)f(in)g(detail)h(to)g(address)f(new)g(problems)f(or)i
(concerns.)330 4533 y(See)c Fs(http://www.gnu.org/copy)o(left)o(/)p
Ft(.)330 4663 y(Eac)m(h)f(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(the)f(License)h(is)g(giv)m
(en)g(a)g(distinguishing)f(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)39
b(If)29 b(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)330 4772 y(sp)s(eci\014es)45
b(that)h(a)g(particular)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)f(v)m(ersion)i(of)f(this)g
(License)h(\\or)g(an)m(y)g(later)g(v)m(ersion")330 4882
y(applies)33 b(to)g(it,)h(y)m(ou)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(option)g(of)f
(follo)m(wing)i(the)f(terms)f(and)g(conditions)h(either)g(of)f(that)330
4991 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)37 b(v)m(ersion)i(or)e(of)h(an)m(y)h(later)g(v)m
(ersion)f(that)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(published)f(\(not)j(as)f(a)g(draft\))g
(b)m(y)330 5101 y(the)33 b(F)-8 b(ree)34 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8
b(oundation.)49 b(If)32 b(the)h(Do)s(cumen)m(t)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(sp)s
(ecify)f(a)h(v)m(ersion)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)330 5210
y(this)i(License,)j(y)m(ou)d(ma)m(y)i(c)m(ho)s(ose)f(an)m(y)g(v)m
(ersion)g(ev)m(er)g(published)e(\(not)i(as)g(a)f(draft\))h(b)m(y)f(the)
h(F)-8 b(ree)330 5320 y(Soft)m(w)m(are)31 b(F)-8 b(oundation.)p
eop end
%%Page: 143 149
TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Ft(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(Cop)m(ying)g(This)g(Man)m(ual)2063 b(143)150 299
y Fk(C.1.1)62 b(ADDENDUM:)41 b(Ho)m(w)f(to)h(use)h(this)f(License)g
(for)h(y)m(our)f(do)s(cumen)m(ts)275 543 y Ft(T)-8 b(o)27
b(use)g(this)g(License)h(in)f(a)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)f(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)
g(written,)g(include)f(a)h(cop)m(y)g(of)f(the)h(License)g(in)f(the)150
653 y(do)s(cumen)m(t)j(and)g(put)g(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(cop)m(yrigh)m
(t)g(and)e(license)h(notices)g(just)f(after)h(the)g(title)h(page:)468
765 y Fe(Copyright)42 b(\(C\))79 b Fd(year)88 b(your)40
b(name)p Fe(.)468 852 y(Permission)i(is)e(granted)g(to)g(copy,)h
(distribute)g(and/or)g(modify)f(this)g(document)468 939
y(under)h(the)f(terms)g(of)g(the)g(GNU)g(Free)g(Documentation)i
(License,)f(Version)g(1.2)468 1026 y(or)f(any)g(later)g(version)h
(published)h(by)d(the)h(Free)g(Software)h(Foundation;)468
1113 y(with)g(no)e(Invariant)j(Sections,)f(no)f(Front-Cover)h(Texts,)g
(and)f(no)f(Back-Cover)j(Texts.)468 1200 y(A)e(copy)g(of)g(the)g
(license)g(is)g(included)h(in)f(the)g(section)h(entitled)g(``GNU)468
1288 y(Free)g(Documentation)h(License''.)275 1410 y Ft(If)d(y)m(ou)h
(ha)m(v)m(e)h(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)41 b(Sections,)i(F)-8
b(ron)m(t-Co)m(v)m(er)42 b(T)-8 b(exts)41 b(and)e(Bac)m(k-Co)m(v)m(er)k
(T)-8 b(exts,)43 b(replace)e(the)150 1520 y(\\with...T)-8
b(exts.")43 b(line)30 b(with)h(this:)547 1632 y Fe(with)40
b(the)g(Invariant)h(Sections)g(being)g Fd(list)f(their)g(titles)p
Fe(,)h(with)547 1719 y(the)f(Front-Cover)i(Texts)e(being)g
Fd(list)p Fe(,)h(and)f(with)g(the)g(Back-Cover)h(Texts)547
1806 y(being)f Fd(list)p Fe(.)275 1929 y Ft(If)34 b(y)m(ou)i(ha)m(v)m
(e)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(without)f(Co)m(v)m(er)h(T)-8
b(exts,)38 b(or)d(some)g(other)h(com)m(bination)g(of)g(the)150
2038 y(three,)31 b(merge)g(those)g(t)m(w)m(o)g(alternativ)m(es)i(to)e
(suit)f(the)h(situation.)275 2173 y(If)23 b(y)m(our)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)f
(con)m(tains)i(non)m(trivial)g(examples)g(of)f(program)f(co)s(de,)j(w)m
(e)e(recommend)g(releasing)150 2283 y(these)44 b(examples)f(in)g
(parallel)h(under)e(y)m(our)h(c)m(hoice)i(of)e(free)g(soft)m(w)m(are)h
(license,)k(suc)m(h)43 b(as)g(the)g(GNU)150 2392 y(General)31
b(Public)f(License,)i(to)f(p)s(ermit)e(their)i(use)f(in)g(free)g(soft)m
(w)m(are.)p eop end
%%Page: 144 150
TeXDict begin 144 149 bop 150 -116 a Ft(144)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 145 151
TeXDict begin 145 150 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Index)30 b(of)g(Shell)g
(Builtin)h(Commands)2133 b(145)150 299 y Fo(Index)53
b(of)h(Shell)e(Builtin)g(Commands)150 560 y Fr(.)150
686 y Fe(.)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(35)150 945 y Fr(:)150 1071 y Fe(:)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(35)150 1339 y Fr([)150 1465 y Fe([)17
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(39)150 1732
y Fr(A)150 1858 y Fe(alias)11 b Fc(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b
Fb(41)150 2116 y Fr(B)150 2242 y Fe(bg)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)41 b Fb(86)150 2334 y Fe(bind)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(41)150 2426 y Fe(break)11 b Fc(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b
Fb(35)150 2518 y Fe(builtin)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)34 b Fb(42)150
2777 y Fr(C)150 2903 y Fe(caller)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35
b Fb(42)150 2995 y Fe(cd)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
b Fb(36)150 3087 y Fe(command)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)34 b Fb(43)150
3179 y Fe(compgen)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)33 b Fb(111)150 3271 y Fe(complete)26
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
50 b Fb(111)150 3363 y Fe(continue)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(36)150
3621 y Fr(D)150 3747 y Fe(declare)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)34 b
Fb(43)150 3839 y Fe(dirs)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(77)150 3931 y Fe(disown)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(87)150
4190 y Fr(E)150 4316 y Fe(echo)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(44)150 4408 y Fe(enable)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(45)150
4500 y Fe(eval)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(36)150
4592 y Fe(exec)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(36)150
4684 y Fe(exit)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(36)150
4776 y Fe(export)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(36)150 5053
y Fr(F)150 5179 y Fe(fc)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
b Fb(115)150 5271 y Fe(fg)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
b Fb(86)150 5548 y Fr(G)150 5674 y Fe(getopts)8 b Fc(.)14
b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)34 b Fb(37)2025 560 y Fr(H)2025 676 y Fe(hash)13
b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(37)2025 764 y Fe(help)13
b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(45)2025 851 y Fe(history)7
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)33 b Fb(116)2025 1103 y Fr(J)2025 1219 y Fe(jobs)13
b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(86)2025 1470 y Fr(K)2025
1586 y Fe(kill)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(87)2025
1819 y Fr(L)2025 1935 y Fe(let)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
b Fb(45)2025 2023 y Fe(local)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(45)2025 2110 y Fe(logout)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b
Fb(46)2025 2362 y Fr(P)2025 2478 y Fe(popd)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(78)2025 2565 y Fe(printf)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b
Fb(46)2025 2652 y Fe(pushd)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b
Fb(78)2025 2739 y Fe(pwd)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
b Fb(38)2025 2991 y Fr(R)2025 3107 y Fe(read)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
38 b Fb(46)2025 3194 y Fe(readonly)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(38)2025
3281 y Fe(return)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(38)2025 3514
y Fr(S)2025 3630 y Fe(set)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
b Fb(53)2025 3718 y Fe(shift)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(38)2025 3805 y Fe(shopt)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(47)2025 3892 y Fe(source)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b
Fb(51)2025 3979 y Fe(suspend)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(87)2025
4231 y Fr(T)2025 4347 y Fe(test)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(39)2025 4434 y Fe(times)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(40)2025 4521 y Fe(trap)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(40)2025 4609 y Fe(type)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(51)2025 4696 y Fe(typeset)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(51)2025
4948 y Fr(U)2025 5064 y Fe(ulimit)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35
b Fb(51)2025 5151 y Fe(umask)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(40)2025 5238 y Fe(unalias)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(52)2025
5325 y Fe(unset)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(41)2025 5558
y Fr(W)2025 5674 y Fe(wait)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(87)p eop end
%%Page: 146 152
TeXDict begin 146 151 bop 150 -116 a Ft(146)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 147 153
TeXDict begin 147 152 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Index)30 b(of)g(Shell)g(Reserv)
m(ed)h(W)-8 b(ords)2247 b(147)150 299 y Fo(Index)53 b(of)h(Shell)e
(Reserv)l(ed)g(W)-13 b(ords)150 610 y Fr(!)150 743 y
Fe(!)18 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44 b
Fb(8)150 1029 y Fr([)150 1162 y Fe([[)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)41 b Fb(12)150 1455 y Fr(])150 1587 y Fe(]])15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)41 b Fb(12)150 1873 y Fa({)150 2006 y Fe({)17
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(13)150 2292
y Fa(})150 2425 y Fe(})17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(13)150 2709 y Fr(C)150 2842 y Fe(case)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(11)150 3119 y Fr(D)150 3252 y Fe(do)16 b Fc(.)d(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)43 b Fb(9)150 3347 y Fe(done)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
b Fb(9)2025 610 y Fr(E)2025 726 y Fe(elif)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(10)2025 814 y Fe(else)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(10)2025 901 y Fe(esac)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(11)2025 1134 y Fr(F)2025 1250 y Fe(fi)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)41 b Fb(10)2025 1338 y Fe(for)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40
b Fb(10)2025 1425 y Fe(function)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(14)2025
1658 y Fr(I)2025 1775 y Fe(if)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
b Fb(10)2025 1862 y Fe(in)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41
b Fb(11)2025 2095 y Fr(S)2025 2211 y Fe(select)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35
b Fb(11)2025 2445 y Fr(T)2025 2561 y Fe(then)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
38 b Fb(10)2025 2648 y Fe(time)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40
b Fb(8)2025 2881 y Fr(U)2025 2998 y Fe(until)12 b Fc(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
38 b Fb(9)2025 3231 y Fr(W)2025 3347 y Fe(while)11 b
Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(10)p eop end
%%Page: 148 154
TeXDict begin 148 153 bop 150 -116 a Ft(148)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)p eop end
%%Page: 149 155
TeXDict begin 149 154 bop 150 -116 a Ft(P)m(arameter)32
b(and)d(V)-8 b(ariable)32 b(Index)2262 b(149)150 299
y Fo(P)l(arameter)54 b(and)f(V)-13 b(ariable)53 b(Index)150
610 y Fr(!)150 727 y Fe(!)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(16)150 963 y Fr(#)150 1080 y Fe(#)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(16)150 1325 y Fr($)150 1442 y Fe($)17
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(16)150 1694
y Fr(*)150 1811 y Fe(*)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(16)150 2046 y Fr(-)150 2163 y Fe(-)17 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(16)150 2399 y Fr(?)150
2516 y Fe(?)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(16)150 2751 y Fr(@)150 2868 y Fe(@)17 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(16)p 159 3104 41
6 v 150 3221 a Fe(_)17 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(16)150 3456 y Fr(0)150 3573 y Fe(0)17 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(16)150 3809 y Fr(A)150
3926 y Fe(auto_resume)23 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(88)150 4171 y Fr(B)150 4288
y Fe(BASH)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(57)150 4375
y Fe(BASH_ARGC)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(58)150 4463 y Fe(BASH_ARGV)25
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
49 b Fb(58)150 4551 y Fe(BASH_COMMAND)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(58)150 4638 y
Fe(BASH_ENV)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(58)150 4726 y Fe(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)
d Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)50 b Fb(58)150 4814 y Fe(BASH_LINENO)23
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46
b Fb(58)150 4901 y Fe(BASH_REMATCH)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(58)150 4989 y Fe(BASH_SOURCE)23
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46
b Fb(58)150 5077 y Fe(BASH_SUBSHELL)18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43 b Fb(58)150 5165 y Fe(BASH_VERSINFO)18
b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43
b Fb(58)150 5252 y Fe(BASH_VERSION)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(59)150 5340 y Fe(bell-style)24
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47
b Fb(93)2025 610 y Fe(bind-tty-special-chars)27 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)48 b Fb(93)2025 866 y Fr(C)2025 983 y Fe(CDPATH)10
b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(57)2025 1071 y Fe(COLUMNS)8 b
Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(59)2025 1159 y Fe(comment-begin)18
b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43
b Fb(93)2025 1247 y Fe(COMP_CWORD)24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(59)2025 1335
y Fe(COMP_LINE)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(59)2025 1423 y Fe(COMP_POINT)24
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
b Fb(59)2025 1510 y Fe(COMP_WORDBREAKS)15 b Fc(.)g(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40 b Fb(59)2025 1598 y Fe(COMP_WORDS)24
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
b Fb(59)2025 1686 y Fe(completion-query-items)27 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)48 b Fb(93)2025 1774 y Fe(COMPREPLY)25 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49
b Fb(60)2025 1862 y Fe(convert-meta)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(94)2025 2099 y Fr(D)2025
2216 y Fe(DIRSTACK)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(60)2025 2304 y
Fe(disable-completion)10 b Fc(.)17 b(.)12 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36
b Fb(94)2025 2559 y Fr(E)2025 2677 y Fe(editing-mode)22
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
b Fb(94)2025 2765 y Fe(EMACS)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(60)2025 2853 y Fe(enable-keypad)18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b Fb(94)2025 2940 y Fe(EUID)13
b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(60)2025 3028 y Fe(expand-tilde)22
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
b Fb(94)2025 3284 y Fr(F)2025 3401 y Fe(FCEDIT)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35
b Fb(60)2025 3489 y Fe(FIGNORE)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(60)2025
3577 y Fe(FUNCNAME)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(60)2025 3814 y
Fr(G)2025 3931 y Fe(GLOBIGNORE)24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(60)2025 4019
y Fe(GROUPS)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(60)2025 4256 y Fr(H)2025
4373 y Fe(histchars)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(60)2025 4461 y Fe(HISTCMD)8
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(61)2025 4549 y Fe(HISTCONTROL)23
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)46
b Fb(61)2025 4637 y Fe(HISTFILE)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(61)2025
4725 y Fe(HISTFILESIZE)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(61)2025 4813 y Fe(HISTIGNORE)24
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48
b Fb(61)2025 4900 y Fe(history-preserve-point)27 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)48 b Fb(94)2025 4988 y Fe(HISTSIZE)7 b Fc(.)14
b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
32 b Fb(61)2025 5076 y Fe(HISTTIMEFORMAT)16 b Fc(.)f(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(62)2025 5164 y Fe(HOME)13
b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(57)2025 5252 y Fe
(horizontal-scroll-mode)27 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)48 b Fb(94)2025
5340 y Fe(HOSTFILE)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(62)p eop end
%%Page: 150 156
TeXDict begin 150 155 bop 150 -116 a Ft(150)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fe(HOSTNAME)7 b Fc(.)14
b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
32 b Fb(62)150 387 y Fe(HOSTTYPE)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(62)150
627 y Fr(I)150 745 y Fe(IFS)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39
b Fb(57)150 834 y Fe(IGNOREEOF)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(62)150 922
y Fe(input-meta)24 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47 b Fb(94)150 1011 y Fe(INPUTRC)8 b
Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)34 b Fb(62)150 1099 y Fe(isearch-terminators)9
b Fc(.)17 b(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fb(94)150 1339
y Fr(K)150 1457 y Fe(keymap)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(94)150
1715 y Fr(L)150 1834 y Fe(LANG)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(62)150 1922 y Fe(LC_ALL)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(62)150
2011 y Fe(LC_COLLATE)24 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47 b Fb(62)150 2099 y Fe(LC_CTYPE)7
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(62)150 2188 y Fe(LC_MESSAGES)14 b Fc(.)h(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40 b Fb(7,)26 b(62)150
2276 y Fe(LC_NUMERIC)e Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47 b Fb(62)150 2364 y Fe(LINENO)10
b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(62)150 2453 y Fe(LINES)11 b Fc(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37
b Fb(63)150 2692 y Fr(M)150 2811 y Fe(MACHTYPE)7 b Fc(.)14
b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
32 b Fb(63)150 2899 y Fe(MAIL)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(57)150 2988 y Fe(MAILCHECK)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(63)150 3076
y Fe(MAILPATH)7 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(57)150 3165 y Fe(mark-modified-lines)9
b Fc(.)17 b(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fb(95)150 3253
y Fe(mark-symlinked-directories)17 b Fc(.)h(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(95)150 3342
y Fe(match-hidden-files)10 b Fc(.)17 b(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)36
b Fb(95)150 3430 y Fe(meta-flag)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(94)150 3688
y Fr(O)150 3807 y Fe(OLDPWD)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(63)150
3895 y Fe(OPTARG)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(57)150 3984
y Fe(OPTERR)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(63)150 4072 y Fe(OPTIND)10
b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(57)150 4161 y Fe(OSTYPE)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35
b Fb(63)2025 299 y Fe(output-meta)23 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)46 b Fb(95)2025 551 y
Fr(P)2025 667 y Fe(page-completions)13 b Fc(.)j(.)c(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(95)2025 754 y Fe(PATH)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(57)2025 842 y Fe(PIPESTATUS)24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(63)2025 929 y
Fe(POSIXLY_CORRECT)15 b Fc(.)g(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
b Fb(63)2025 1016 y Fe(PPID)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(63)2025 1104 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMAND)16 b Fc(.)f(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(63)2025 1191 y Fe(PS1)14
b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(57)2025 1278 y Fe(PS2)14
b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(57)2025 1365 y Fe(PS3)14
b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(63)2025 1453 y Fe(PS4)14
b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(63)2025 1540 y Fe(PWD)14
b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(63)2025 1773 y Fr(R)2025
1890 y Fe(RANDOM)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(63)2025 1977
y Fe(REPLY)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(63)2025 2210
y Fr(S)2025 2326 y Fe(SECONDS)8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(64)2025
2414 y Fe(SHELL)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(64)2025 2501
y Fe(SHELLOPTS)25 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(64)2025 2588 y Fe(SHLVL)11
b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(64)2025 2675 y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)29
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)50 b Fb(95)2025 2763 y Fe(show-all-if-unmodified)27
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)48 b Fb(95)2025 2996 y Fr(T)2025 3112
y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)25 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)49 b Fb(7)2025 3200 y Fe(TEXTDOMAINDIR)21
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45
b Fb(7)2025 3287 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(64)2025 3374
y Fe(TMOUT)11 b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(64)2025 3461
y Fe(TMPDIR)10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(65)2025 3695 y Fr(U)2025
3811 y Fe(UID)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)40 b Fb(65)2025
4044 y Fr(V)2025 4160 y Fe(visible-stats)18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b Fb(96)p eop end
%%Page: 151 157
TeXDict begin 151 156 bop 150 -116 a Ft(F)-8 b(unction)31
b(Index)2861 b(151)150 299 y Fo(F)-13 b(unction)52 b(Index)150
610 y Fr(A)150 749 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))8 b Fc(.)13
b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34
b Fb(107)150 848 y Fe(accept-line)28 b(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))11
b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)37 b Fb(101)150
946 y Fe(alias-expand-line)29 b(\(\))13 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39
b Fb(109)150 1257 y Fr(B)150 1397 y Fe(backward-char)29
b(\(C-b\))15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)41 b Fb(101)150
1495 y Fe(backward-delete-char)30 b(\(Rubout\))18 b Fc(.)d(.)d(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)44 b Fb(103)150 1594 y
Fe(backward-kill-line)30 b(\(C-x)c(Rubout\))e Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48 b Fb(104)150 1692
y Fe(backward-kill-word)30 b(\(M-)999 1689 y Fg(h)p 1024
1636 146 4 v 1024 1692 a Ff(DEL)p 1024 1708 V 1165 1689
a Fg(i)1195 1692 y Fe(\))20 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)46 b Fb(104)150 1791 y Fe(backward-word)29
b(\(M-b\))15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)41 b Fb(101)150
1889 y Fe(beginning-of-history)30 b(\(M-<\))24 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)49
b Fb(102)150 1988 y Fe(beginning-of-line)29 b(\(C-a\))9
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(101)150 2299 y Fr(C)150 2438 y Fe
(call-last-kbd-macro)30 b(\(C-x)c(e\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)36 b Fb(107)150 2537
y Fe(capitalize-word)29 b(\(M-c\))12 b Fc(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38
b Fb(103)150 2635 y Fe(character-search)29 b(\(C-]\))10
b Fc(.)k(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(107)150 2734 y Fe(character-search-backward)31
b(\(M-C-]\))12 b Fc(.)j(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(107)150 2832 y Fe(clear-screen)28 b(\(C-l\))16 b
Fc(.)e(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(101)150 2931 y Fe(complete)27
b(\()528 2928 y Fg(h)p 553 2875 148 4 v 553 2931 a Ff(T)-6
b(AB)p 553 2946 V 697 2928 a Fg(i)726 2931 y Fe(\))18
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44 b Fb(105)150
3029 y Fe(complete-command)29 b(\(M-!\))10 b Fc(.)k(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)36
b Fb(106)150 3128 y Fe(complete-filename)29 b(\(M-/\))9
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(106)150 3226 y Fe(complete-hostname)29
b(\(M-@\))9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(106)150 3325 y Fe(complete-into-braces)
30 b(\(M-{\))24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)49 b Fb(106)150 3423 y Fe(complete-username)29
b(\(M-~\))9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(106)150 3522 y Fe(complete-variable)29
b(\(M-$\))9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(106)150 3620 y Fe(copy-backward-word)30
b(\(\))12 b Fc(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fb(104)150 3719 y Fe(copy-forward-word)
29 b(\(\))13 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(104)150 3817
y Fe(copy-region-as-kill)30 b(\(\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)36
b Fb(104)150 4128 y Fr(D)150 4268 y Fe(delete-char)28
b(\(C-d\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b
Fb(103)150 4366 y Fe(delete-char-or-list)30 b(\(\))10
b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(106)150 4465 y Fe(delete-horizontal-space)31
b(\(\))23 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)49 b Fb(104)150 4563 y Fe(digit-argument)29 b(\()p
Fd(M-0)p Fe(,)e Fd(M-1)p Fe(,)f(...)g Fd(M--)p Fe(\))13
b Fc(.)h(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(105)150 4662
y Fe(display-shell-version)30 b(\(C-x)d(C-v\))c Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48 b Fb(108)150 4760
y Fe(do-uppercase-version)30 b(\(M-a,)d(M-b,)f(M-)p Fd(x)p
Fe(,)h(...)q(\))317 4847 y Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(107)150
4946 y Fe(downcase-word)29 b(\(M-l\))15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)41
b Fb(103)150 5044 y Fe(dump-functions)29 b(\(\))18 b
Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b Fb(108)150 5143
y Fe(dump-macros)28 b(\(\))22 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(108)150 5241 y Fe(dump-variables)29 b(\(\))18
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b Fb(108)150 5340
y Fe(dynamic-complete-history)31 b(\(M-)1234 5337 y Fg(h)p
1259 5284 V 1259 5340 a Ff(T)-6 b(AB)p 1259 5355 V 1403
5337 a Fg(i)1432 5340 y Fe(\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36
b Fb(106)2025 610 y Fr(E)2025 730 y Fe(edit-and-execute-command)31
b(\(C-xC-e\))12 b Fc(.)i(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)39
b Fb(109)2025 819 y Fe(end-kbd-macro)28 b(\(C-x)f(\)\))19
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(107)2025 909 y Fe(end-of-history)29
b(\(M->\))13 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(102)2025 998
y Fe(end-of-line)28 b(\(C-e\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44
b Fb(101)2025 1087 y Fe(exchange-point-and-mark)31 b(\(C-x)26
b(C-x\))20 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45 b
Fb(107)2025 1349 y Fr(F)2025 1469 y Fe(forward-backward-delete-char)32
b(\(\))15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)42
b Fb(103)2025 1558 y Fe(forward-char)28 b(\(C-f\))16
b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(101)2025 1647 y Fe
(forward-search-history)30 b(\(C-s\))21 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(102)2025 1736 y Fe(forward-word)28
b(\(M-f\))16 b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(101)2025
1988 y Fr(G)2025 2108 y Fe(glob-complete-word)29 b(\(M-g\))7
b Fc(.)14 b(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)34 b Fb(108)2025 2197 y Fe(glob-expand-word)29
b(\(C-x)e(*\))14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40 b Fb(108)2025 2286 y Fe(glob-list-expansions)
30 b(\(C-x)c(g\))8 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)35 b Fb(108)2025 2548 y Fr(H)2025 2668 y Fe
(history-and-alias-expand-line)d(\(\))14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)40 b Fb(109)2025 2757 y Fe(history-expand-line)30
b(\(M-^\))25 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)50 b Fb(108)2025 2846 y Fe(history-search-backward)31
b(\(\))23 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)49 b Fb(102)2025 2935 y Fe(history-search-forward)30
b(\(\))25 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)50 b Fb(102)2025 3197 y Fr(I)2025 3317 y Fe(insert-comment)
29 b(\(M-#\))13 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(108)2025
3406 y Fe(insert-completions)29 b(\(M-*\))7 b Fc(.)14
b(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)34
b Fb(105)2025 3495 y Fe(insert-last-argument)c(\(M-.)c(or)g(M-_\))8
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(109)2025
3757 y Fr(K)2025 3877 y Fe(kill-line)27 b(\(C-k\))22
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)47 b Fb(104)2025
3966 y Fe(kill-region)28 b(\(\))22 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)48 b Fb(104)2025 4056 y Fe(kill-whole-line)29
b(\(\))16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(104)2025
4145 y Fe(kill-word)27 b(\(M-d\))22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)47 b Fb(104)2025 4396 y Fr(M)2025 4516 y Fe(magic-space)28
b(\(\))22 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48
b Fb(109)2025 4605 y Fe(menu-complete)28 b(\(\))20 b
Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(105)2025
4867 y Fr(N)2025 4987 y Fe(next-history)28 b(\(C-n\))16
b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(102)2025 5076 y Fe
(non-incremental-forward-search)q(-hist)q(ory)32 b(\(M-n\))2191
5164 y Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(102)2025 5253 y Fe
(non-incremental-reverse-search)q(-hist)q(ory)32 b(\(M-p\))2191
5340 y Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(102)p eop end
%%Page: 152 158
TeXDict begin 152 157 bop 150 -116 a Ft(152)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(O)150 425 y Fe
(operate-and-get-next)f(\(C-o\))24 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)49 b Fb(109)150 518 y
Fe(overwrite-mode)29 b(\(\))18 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43
b Fb(103)150 786 y Fr(P)150 913 y Fe(possible-command-completions)32
b(\(C-x)26 b(!\))15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)41 b Fb(106)150
1005 y Fe(possible-completions)30 b(\(M-?\))24 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)49
b Fb(105)150 1097 y Fe(possible-filename-completions)32
b(\(C-x)27 b(/\))14 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(106)150
1190 y Fe(possible-hostname-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27
b(@\))14 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(106)150 1282 y Fe
(possible-username-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b(~\))14
b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(106)150 1374 y Fe
(possible-variable-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b($\))14
b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(106)150 1467 y Fe(prefix-meta)28
b(\()646 1464 y Fg(h)p 671 1411 139 4 v 671 1467 a Ff(ESC)p
671 1482 V 804 1464 a Fg(i)834 1467 y Fe(\))19 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(107)150 1559 y Fe(previous-history)29
b(\(C-p\))10 b Fc(.)k(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(102)150 1838 y Fr(Q)150
1964 y Fe(quoted-insert)29 b(\(C-q)d(or)g(C-v\))18 b
Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44
b Fb(103)150 2243 y Fr(R)150 2369 y Fe(re-read-init-file)29
b(\(C-x)e(C-r\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)36 b Fb(107)150 2462 y Fe(redraw-current-line)30
b(\(\))10 b Fc(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(101)150 2554 y Fe
(reverse-search-history)31 b(\(C-r\))20 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)46 b Fb(102)150 2646 y Fe(revert-line)28
b(\(M-r\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b
Fb(107)2025 299 y Fr(S)2025 415 y Fe(self-insert)28 b(\(a,)e(b,)g(A,)g
(1,)g(!,)g(...)q(\))12 b Fc(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
38 b Fb(103)2025 503 y Fe(set-mark)27 b(\(C-@\))c Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48 b Fb(107)2025
590 y Fe(shell-expand-line)29 b(\(M-C-e\))d Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)50 b Fb(108)2025
677 y Fe(start-kbd-macro)29 b(\(C-x)d(\(\))16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)42
b Fb(106)2025 919 y Fr(T)2025 1036 y Fe(tilde-expand)28
b(\(M-&\))16 b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(107)2025
1123 y Fe(transpose-chars)29 b(\(C-t\))12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38
b Fb(103)2025 1210 y Fe(transpose-words)29 b(\(M-t\))12
b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(103)2025 1463 y Fr(U)2025 1579
y Fe(undo)26 b(\(C-_)h(or)f(C-x)g(C-u\))14 b Fc(.)f(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40
b Fb(107)2025 1666 y Fe(universal-argument)29 b(\(\))12
b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)38 b Fb(105)2025 1754 y Fe(unix-filename-rubout)30
b(\(\))9 b Fc(.)k(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(104)2025 1841 y Fe(unix-line-discard)29
b(\(C-u\))9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)35 b Fb(104)2025 1928 y Fe(unix-word-rubout)29
b(\(C-w\))10 b Fc(.)k(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(104)2025 2016 y Fe(upcase-word)28
b(\(M-u\))18 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44 b
Fb(103)2025 2268 y Fr(Y)2025 2384 y Fe(yank)26 b(\(C-y\))10
b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)36
b Fb(105)2025 2472 y Fe(yank-last-arg)28 b(\(M-.)f(or)f(M-_\))18
b Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
44 b Fb(102)2025 2559 y Fe(yank-nth-arg)28 b(\(M-C-y\))13
b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(102)2025 2646 y Fe(yank-pop)27
b(\(M-y\))c Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48
b Fb(105)p eop end
%%Page: 153 159
TeXDict begin 153 158 bop 150 -116 a Ft(Concept)31 b(Index)2882
b(153)150 299 y Fo(Concept)52 b(Index)150 638 y Fr(A)150
754 y Fb(alias)27 b(expansion)20 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45 b Fb(75)150 841 y(arithmetic)26
b(ev)l(aluation)f Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)50 b Fb(74)150
929 y(arithmetic)26 b(expansion)12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38
b Fb(22)150 1016 y(arithmetic,)27 b(shell)20 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(74)150
1103 y(arra)n(ys)6 b Fc(.)13 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)32 b Fb(76)150
1353 y Fr(B)150 1469 y Fb(bac)n(kground)23 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)49
b Fb(85)150 1556 y(Bash)26 b(con\014guration)11 b Fc(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(121)150 1643 y(Bash)26 b(installation)6
b Fc(.)15 b(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)32 b Fb(121)150
1730 y(Bourne)26 b(shell)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36 b Fb(5)150 1818 y(brace)26
b(expansion)d Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)48
b Fb(17)150 1905 y(builtin)17 b Fc(.)c(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)43 b
Fb(3)150 2138 y Fr(C)150 2254 y Fb(command)26 b(editing)19
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44 b Fb(89)150
2341 y(command)26 b(execution)11 b Fc(.)h(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
37 b Fb(29)150 2428 y(command)26 b(expansion)d Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)48 b Fb(28)150 2515 y(command)26
b(history)16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42
b Fb(115)150 2603 y(command)26 b(searc)n(h)12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)38 b Fb(29)150 2690 y(command)26
b(substitution)e Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)49 b Fb(21)150
2777 y(command)26 b(timing)8 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(8)150 2864 y(commands,)26 b(comp)r(ound)8
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(9)150 2952
y(commands,)26 b(conditional)13 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39
b Fb(10)150 3039 y(commands,)26 b(grouping)15 b Fc(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)41 b Fb(13)150 3126 y(commands,)26 b(lists)6
b Fc(.)14 b(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32
b Fb(9)150 3213 y(commands,)26 b(lo)r(oping)f Fc(.)12
b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(9)150 3300
y(commands,)26 b(pip)r(elines)17 b Fc(.)d(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
43 b Fb(8)150 3388 y(commands,)26 b(shell)16 b Fc(.)e(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(8)150 3475 y(commands,)26
b(simple)c Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)47
b Fb(8)150 3562 y(commen)n(ts,)26 b(shell)8 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)34
b Fb(7)150 3649 y(completion)27 b(builtins)22 b Fc(.)12
b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)48 b Fb(111)150 3736 y(con\014guration)15
b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)41
b Fb(121)150 3824 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)c Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)47 b Fb(3)150
4073 y Fr(D)150 4189 y Fb(directory)26 b(stac)n(k)e Fc(.)12
b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(77)150
4439 y Fr(E)150 4555 y Fb(editing)26 b(command)g(lines)d
Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47 b Fb(89)150 4642 y(en)n(vironmen)n(t)10
b Fc(.)i(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)35
b Fb(30)150 4729 y(ev)l(aluation,)26 b(arithmetic)13
b Fc(.)h(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(74)150 4817 y(ev)n(en)n(t)25
b(designators)18 b Fc(.)c(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44
b Fb(117)150 4904 y(execution)26 b(en)n(vironmen)n(t)19
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45 b Fb(29)150 4991 y(exit)25
b(status)17 b Fc(.)c(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)43 b Fb(3,)26 b(31)150 5078 y(expansion)16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)42 b
Fb(17)150 5166 y(expansion,)26 b(arithmetic)20 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(22)150 5253 y(expansion,)26
b(brace)12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)38
b Fb(17)150 5340 y(expansion,)26 b(\014lename)18 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43 b Fb(23)2025 638 y(expansion,)26
b(parameter)c Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47 b Fb(19)2025
729 y(expansion,)26 b(pathname)8 b Fc(.)k(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)34
b Fb(23)2025 819 y(expansion,)26 b(tilde)9 b Fc(.)j(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(18)2025 910 y(expressions,)27
b(arithmetic)16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)42 b Fb(74)2025
1000 y(expressions,)27 b(conditional)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)47
b Fb(73)2025 1267 y Fr(F)2025 1390 y Fb(FDL,)25 b(GNU)g(F)-6
b(ree)26 b(Do)r(cumen)n(tation)g(License)10 b Fc(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
36 b Fb(137)2025 1480 y(\014eld)21 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48
b Fb(3)2025 1571 y(\014lename)8 b Fc(.)k(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 b Fb(3)2025
1661 y(\014lename)26 b(expansion)10 b Fc(.)i(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)36 b Fb(23)2025 1752 y(foreground)20 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45
b Fb(85)2025 1842 y(functions,)26 b(shell)c Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)47 b Fb(14)2025 2109 y Fr(H)2025
2232 y Fb(history)25 b(builtins)16 b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(115)2025 2322 y(history)25 b(ev)n(en)n(ts)20
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)46
b Fb(117)2025 2413 y(history)25 b(expansion)13 b Fc(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fb(117)2025 2503 y(history)25 b(list)18
b Fc(.)c(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44
b Fb(115)2025 2594 y(History)-6 b(,)25 b(ho)n(w)h(to)g(use)20
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)46 b Fb(114)2025 2861
y Fr(I)2025 2984 y Fb(iden)n(ti\014er)16 b Fc(.)c(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)43
b Fb(3)2025 3074 y(initialization)28 b(\014le,)e(readline)7
b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)33 b Fb(92)2025 3165 y(installation)11
b Fc(.)j(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)37
b Fb(121)2025 3255 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)9
b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)35 b Fb(89)2025
3346 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)26 b(shell)20 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(69,)27 b(71)2025 3436 y(in)n(ternationalization)21
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45 b Fb(7)2025
3686 y Fr(J)2025 3809 y Fb(job)22 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)48
b Fb(3)2025 3900 y(job)26 b(con)n(trol)12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(3,)26 b(85)2025
4166 y Fr(K)2025 4289 y Fb(kill)g(ring)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)40
b Fb(91)2025 4380 y(killing)26 b(text)16 b Fc(.)c(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)42 b Fb(91)2025
4647 y Fr(L)2025 4769 y Fb(lo)r(calization)10 b Fc(.)15
b(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)36
b Fb(7)2025 4860 y(login)26 b(shell)13 b Fc(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)39 b Fb(69)2025
5127 y Fr(M)2025 5249 y Fb(matc)n(hing,)26 b(pattern)7
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)33 b Fb(23)2025
5340 y(metac)n(haracter)17 b Fc(.)d(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44 b Fb(3)p eop end
%%Page: 154 160
TeXDict begin 154 159 bop 150 -116 a Ft(154)2527 b(Bash)31
b(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)150 299 y Fr(N)150 417 y Fb(name)21
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)47 b Fb(3)150 506 y(nativ)n(e)25
b(languages)14 b Fc(.)h(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
b Fb(7)150 594 y(notation,)27 b(readline)12 b Fc(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fb(89)150 851 y Fr(O)150 969
y Fb(op)r(erator,)27 b(shell)15 b Fc(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41 b Fb(3)150 1225 y Fr(P)150
1344 y Fb(parameter)26 b(expansion)14 b Fc(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
40 b Fb(19)150 1432 y(parameters)14 b Fc(.)f(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(15)150 1521
y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)9 b Fc(.)14 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34
b Fb(15)150 1609 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)e Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 b Fb(16)150 1698 y(pathname)25
b(expansion)19 b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44
b Fb(23)150 1786 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)18 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43 b Fb(23)150
1875 y(pip)r(eline)15 b Fc(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)41 b Fb(8)150 1963
y(POSIX)8 b Fc(.)k(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fb(3)150 2052 y(POSIX)25
b(Mo)r(de)10 b Fc(.)i(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)35 b Fb(80)150 2140 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(group)7 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)33
b Fb(3)150 2229 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(group)e(ID)f Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)50 b Fb(3)150
2317 y(pro)r(cess)27 b(substitution)10 b Fc(.)i(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)36 b Fb(22)150 2406 y(programmable)27 b(completion)16
b Fc(.)d(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)42 b Fb(109)150 2494 y(prompting)7 b Fc(.)12
b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32
b Fb(79)150 2750 y Fr(Q)150 2869 y Fb(quoting)19 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)46 b Fb(6)150 2957 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)12 b
Fc(.)f(.)h(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)38
b Fb(6)150 3213 y Fr(R)150 3332 y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)
14 b Fc(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)39 b Fb(88)150 3421
y(redirection)21 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)46 b Fb(25)2025 299 y(reserv)n(ed)25
b(w)n(ord)f Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)50 b Fb(3)2025 386 y(restricted)26 b(shell)8 b Fc(.)13
b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)34
b Fb(80)2025 473 y(return)25 b(status)19 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45 b Fb(3)2025
707 y Fr(S)2025 823 y Fb(shell)26 b(arithmetic)12 b Fc(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fb(74)2025 910 y(shell)26
b(function)11 b Fc(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)37 b Fb(14)2025 997 y(shell)26 b(script)18 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)44
b Fb(32)2025 1084 y(shell)26 b(v)l(ariable)17 b Fc(.)c(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)43 b Fb(15)2025 1172
y(shell,)26 b(in)n(teractiv)n(e)16 b Fc(.)d(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)42 b Fb(71)2025 1259 y(signal)14 b Fc(.)f(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)40
b Fb(4)2025 1346 y(signal)27 b(handling)18 b Fc(.)13
b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)44 b Fb(31)2025
1433 y(sp)r(ecial)27 b(builtin)12 b Fc(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)38 b Fb(4,)26 b(56)2025 1521 y(startup)f(\014les)20
b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)45
b Fb(69)2025 1608 y(susp)r(ending)25 b(jobs)7 b Fc(.)14
b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)33 b Fb(85)2025
1858 y Fr(T)2025 1974 y Fb(tilde)26 b(expansion)19 b
Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)45
b Fb(18)2025 2061 y(tok)n(en)18 b Fc(.)12 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)45
b Fb(4)2025 2148 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)9
b Fc(.)14 b(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)35 b Fb(7)2025 2398 y Fr(V)2025 2514 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
b(shell)7 b Fc(.)13 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
h(.)32 b Fb(15)2025 2601 y(v)l(ariables,)27 b(readline)7
b Fc(.)12 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)32 b Fb(93)2025
2851 y Fr(W)2025 2967 y Fb(w)n(ord)10 b Fc(.)i(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36
b Fb(4)2025 3055 y(w)n(ord)26 b(splitting)21 b Fc(.)12
b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)46
b Fb(22)2025 3304 y Fr(Y)2025 3421 y Fb(y)n(anking)25
b(text)7 b Fc(.)k(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)33 b Fb(91)p eop end
%%Trailer

userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF