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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p>
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<div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4>
<p> This document refers to a legacy release (<strong>2.2</strong>) of Apache httpd. The active release (<strong>2.4</strong>) is documented <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current">here</a>. If you have not already upgraded, please follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/upgrading.html">this link</a> for more information.</p>
<p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_auth_digest.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_auth_digest</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_auth_digest.html" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_auth_digest.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
<a href="../ko/mod/mod_auth_digest.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>User authentication using MD5
Digest Authentication.</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>auth_digest_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest.c</td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
<p>This module implements HTTP Digest Authentication
(<a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2617.html">RFC2617</a>), and
provides an alternative to <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> where the
password is not transmitted as cleartext. However, this does
<strong>not</strong> lead to a significant security advantage over
basic authentication. On the other hand, the password storage on the
server is much less secure with digest authentication than with
basic authentication. Therefore, using basic auth and encrypting the
whole connection using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> is a much better
alternative.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3>Topics</h3>
<ul id="topics">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#using">Using Digest Authentication</a></li>
</ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestalgorithm">AuthDigestAlgorithm</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestdomain">AuthDigestDomain</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestnccheck">AuthDigestNcCheck</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestnonceformat">AuthDigestNonceFormat</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestnoncelifetime">AuthDigestNonceLifetime</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestprovider">AuthDigestProvider</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestqop">AuthDigestQop</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdigestshmemsize">AuthDigestShmemSize</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>See also</h3>
<ul class="seealso">
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#authname">AuthName</a></code></li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#authtype">AuthType</a></code></li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code></li>
<li><a href="../howto/auth.html">Authentication howto</a></li>
</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="using" id="using">Using Digest Authentication</a></h2>
<p>Using MD5 Digest authentication is very simple. Simply set
up authentication normally, using <code>AuthType Digest</code> and
<code class="directive"><a href="#authdigestprovider">AuthDigestProvider</a></code>
instead of the normal <code>AuthType Basic</code> and
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code>.
Then add a <code class="directive"><a href="#authdigestdomain">AuthDigestDomain</a></code> directive containing at least the root
URI(s) for this protection space.</p>
<p>Appropriate user (text) files can be created using the
<code class="program"><a href="../programs/htdigest.html">htdigest</a></code> tool.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
<Location /private/><br />
<span class="indent">
AuthType Digest<br />
AuthName "private area"<br />
AuthDigestDomain /private/ http://mirror.my.dom/private2/<br />
<br />
AuthDigestProvider file<br />
AuthUserFile /web/auth/.digest_pw<br />
Require valid-user<br />
</span>
</Location>
</code></p></div>
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
<p>Digest authentication was intended to be more secure than basic
authentication, but no longer fulfills that design goal. A
man-in-the-middle attacker can trivially force the browser to downgrade
to basic authentication. And even a passive eavesdropper can brute-force
the password using today's graphics hardware, because the hashing
algorithm used by digest authentication is too fast. Another problem is
that the storage of the passwords on the server is insecure. The contents
of a stolen htdigest file can be used directly for digest authentication.
Therefore using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> to encrypt the whole connection is
strongly recommended.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestAlgorithm" id="AuthDigestAlgorithm">AuthDigestAlgorithm</a> <a name="authdigestalgorithm" id="authdigestalgorithm">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Selects the algorithm used to calculate the challenge and
response hashes in digest authentication</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestAlgorithm MD5|MD5-sess</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestAlgorithm MD5</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDigestAlgorithm</code> directive
selects the algorithm used to calculate the challenge and response
hashes.</p>
<div class="note">
<code>MD5-sess</code> is not correctly implemented yet.
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestDomain" id="AuthDigestDomain">AuthDigestDomain</a> <a name="authdigestdomain" id="authdigestdomain">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>URIs that are in the same protection space for digest
authentication</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestDomain <var>URI</var> [<var>URI</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDigestDomain</code> directive allows
you to specify one or more URIs which are in the same protection
space (<em>i.e.</em> use the same realm and username/password info).
The specified URIs are prefixes; the client will assume
that all URIs "below" these are also protected by the same
username/password. The URIs may be either absolute URIs (<em>i.e.</em>
including a scheme, host, port, etc.) or relative URIs.</p>
<p>This directive <em>should</em> always be specified and
contain at least the (set of) root URI(s) for this space.
Omitting to do so will cause the client to send the
Authorization header for <em>every request</em> sent to this
server. Apart from increasing the size of the request, it may
also have a detrimental effect on performance if <code class="directive"><a href="#authdigestnccheck">AuthDigestNcCheck</a></code> is on.</p>
<p>The URIs specified can also point to different servers, in
which case clients (which understand this) will then share
username/password info across multiple servers without
prompting the user each time. </p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestNcCheck" id="AuthDigestNcCheck">AuthDigestNcCheck</a> <a name="authdigestnccheck" id="authdigestnccheck">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enables or disables checking of the nonce-count sent by the
server</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestNcCheck On|Off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestNcCheck Off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<div class="note">
Not implemented yet.
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestNonceFormat" id="AuthDigestNonceFormat">AuthDigestNonceFormat</a> <a name="authdigestnonceformat" id="authdigestnonceformat">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines how the nonce is generated</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestNonceFormat <var>format</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<div class="note">Not implemented yet.</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestNonceLifetime" id="AuthDigestNonceLifetime">AuthDigestNonceLifetime</a> <a name="authdigestnoncelifetime" id="authdigestnoncelifetime">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>How long the server nonce is valid</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestNonceLifetime <var>seconds</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestNonceLifetime 300</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDigestNonceLifetime</code> directive
controls how long the server nonce is valid. When the client
contacts the server using an expired nonce the server will send
back a 401 with <code>stale=true</code>. If <var>seconds</var> is
greater than 0 then it specifies the amount of time for which the
nonce is valid; this should probably never be set to less than 10
seconds. If <var>seconds</var> is less than 0 then the nonce never
expires.
</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestProvider" id="AuthDigestProvider">AuthDigestProvider</a> <a name="authdigestprovider" id="authdigestprovider">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the authentication provider(s) for this location</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestProvider <var>provider-name</var>
[<var>provider-name</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestProvider file</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDigestProvider</code> directive sets
which provider is used to authenticate the users for this location.
The default <code>file</code> provider is implemented
by the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code> module. Make sure
that the chosen provider module is present in the server.</p>
<p>See <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code>,
and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code> for providers.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestQop" id="AuthDigestQop">AuthDigestQop</a> <a name="authdigestqop" id="authdigestqop">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines the quality-of-protection to use in digest
authentication</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestQop none|auth|auth-int [auth|auth-int]</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestQop auth</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDigestQop</code> directive determines
the <dfn>quality-of-protection</dfn> to use. <code>auth</code> will
only do authentication (username/password); <code>auth-int</code> is
authentication plus integrity checking (an MD5 hash of the entity
is also computed and checked); <code>none</code> will cause the module
to use the old RFC-2069 digest algorithm (which does not include
integrity checking). Both <code>auth</code> and <code>auth-int</code> may
be specified, in which the case the browser will choose which of
these to use. <code>none</code> should only be used if the browser for
some reason does not like the challenge it receives otherwise.</p>
<div class="note">
<code>auth-int</code> is not implemented yet.
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDigestShmemSize" id="AuthDigestShmemSize">AuthDigestShmemSize</a> <a name="authdigestshmemsize" id="authdigestshmemsize">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The amount of shared memory to allocate for keeping track
of clients</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestShmemSize <var>size</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDigestShmemSize 1000</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_digest</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDigestShmemSize</code> directive defines
the amount of shared memory, that will be allocated at the server
startup for keeping track of clients. Note that the shared memory
segment cannot be set less than the space that is necessary for
tracking at least <em>one</em> client. This value is dependant on your
system. If you want to find out the exact value, you may simply
set <code class="directive">AuthDigestShmemSize</code> to the value of
<code>0</code> and read the error message after trying to start the
server.</p>
<p>The <var>size</var> is normally expressed in Bytes, but you
may let the number follow a <code>K</code> or an <code>M</code> to
express your value as KBytes or MBytes. For example, the following
directives are all equivalent:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
AuthDigestShmemSize 1048576<br />
AuthDigestShmemSize 1024K<br />
AuthDigestShmemSize 1M
</code></p></div>
</div>
</div>
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