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<title>Using mod_rewrite for Proxying - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</title>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.2</a> > <a href="./">Rewrite</a></div><div id="page-content"><div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4>
<p> This document refers to a legacy release (<strong>2.2</strong>) of Apache httpd. The active release (<strong>2.4</strong>) is documented <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current">here</a>. If you have not already upgraded, please follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/upgrading.html">this link</a> for more information.</p>
<p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/rewrite/proxy.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Using mod_rewrite for Proxying</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/proxy.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div>
<p>This document supplements the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
<a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">reference documentation</a>. It describes
how to use the RewriteRule's [P] flag to proxy content to another server.
A number of recipes are provided that describe common scenarios.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="remapping.html">Redirection and remapping</a></li><li><a href="access.html">Controlling access</a></li><li><a href="vhosts.html">Virtual hosts</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">Using RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="advanced.html">Advanced techniques and tricks</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li></ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a name="dynamic-proxy" id="dynamic-proxy">Proxying Content with mod_rewrite</a></h2>
<dl>
<dt>Description:</dt>
<dd>
<p>
mod_rewrite provides the [P] flag, which allows URLs to be passed,
via mod_proxy, to another server. Two examples are given here. In
one example, a URL is passed directly to another server, and served
as though it were a local URL. In the other example, we proxy
missing content to a back-end server.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Solution:</dt>
<dd>
<p>To simply map a URL to another server, we use the [P] flag, as
follows:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
RewriteEngine on<br />
RewriteBase /products/<br />
RewriteRule ^<strong>widget/</strong>(.*)$ <strong>http://product.example.com/widget/</strong>$1 [<strong>P</strong>]<br />
ProxyPassReverse /products/widget/ http://product.example.com/widget/
</code></p></div>
<p>In the second example, we proxy the request only if we can't find
the resource locally. This can be very useful when you're migrating
from one server to another, and you're not sure if all the content
has been migrated yet.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} <strong>!-f</strong><br />
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} <strong>!-d</strong><br />
RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://<strong>old</strong>.example.com/$1 [<strong>P</strong>]<br />
ProxyPassReverse / http://old.example.com/
</code></p></div>
</dd>
<dt>Discussion:</dt>
<dd><p>In each case, we add a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code> directive to ensure
that any redirects issued by the backend are correctly passed on to
the client.</p>
<p>Consider using either <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypass">ProxyPass</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassmatch">ProxyPassMatch</a></code> whenever possible in
preference to mod_rewrite.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/proxy.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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