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CMake 3.1 Release Notes
***********************
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.. contents::
Changes made since CMake 3.0 include the following.
Documentation Changes
=====================
* A new :manual:`cmake-compile-features(7)` manual was added.
New Features
============
Generators
----------
* The :generator:`Visual Studio 14 2015` generator was added.
Windows Phone and Windows Store
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
* Generators for Visual Studio 11 (2012) and above learned to generate
projects for Windows Phone and Windows Store. One may set the
:variable:`CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME` variable to ``WindowsPhone``
or ``WindowsStore`` on the :manual:`cmake(1)` command-line
or in a :variable:`CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE` to activate these platforms.
Also set :variable:`CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION` to ``8.0`` or ``8.1`` to
specify the version of Windows to be targeted.
NVIDIA Nsight Tegra
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
* Generators for Visual Studio 10 (2010) and above learned to generate
projects for NVIDIA Nsight Tegra Visual Studio Edition. One may set
the :variable:`CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME` variable to ``Android`` on the
:manual:`cmake(1)` command-line or in a :variable:`CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE`
to activate this platform.
Syntax
------
* The :manual:`cmake-language(7)` syntax for :ref:`Variable References` and
:ref:`Escape Sequences` was simplified in order to allow a much faster
implementation. See policy :policy:`CMP0053`.
* The :command:`if` command no longer automatically dereferences
variables named in quoted or bracket arguments. See policy
:policy:`CMP0054`.
Commands
--------
* The :command:`add_custom_command` command learned to interpret
:manual:`cmake-generator-expressions(7)` in arguments to ``DEPENDS``.
* The :command:`export(PACKAGE)` command learned to check the
:variable:`CMAKE_EXPORT_NO_PACKAGE_REGISTRY` variable to skip
exporting the package.
* The :command:`file(STRINGS)` command gained a new ``ENCODING``
option to enable extraction of ``UTF-8`` strings.
* The :command:`find_package` command learned to check the
:variable:`CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NO_PACKAGE_REGISTRY` and
:variable:`CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NO_SYSTEM_PACKAGE_REGISTRY`
variables to skip searching the package registries.
* The :command:`get_property` command learned a new ``INSTALL`` scope
for properties.
* The :command:`install` command learned a ``MESSAGE_NEVER`` option
to avoid output during installation.
* The :command:`set_property` command learned a new ``INSTALL`` scope
for properties.
* The :command:`string` command learned a new ``GENEX_STRIP`` subcommand
which removes
:manual:`generator expression <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>`.
* The :command:`string` command learned a new ``UUID`` subcommand
to generate a univerally unique identifier.
* New :command:`target_compile_features` command allows populating the
:prop_tgt:`COMPILE_FEATURES` target property, just like any other
build variable.
* The :command:`target_sources` command was added to add to the
:prop_tgt:`SOURCES` target property.
Variables
---------
* The Visual Studio generators for versions 8 (2005) and above
learned to read the target platform name from a new
:variable:`CMAKE_GENERATOR_PLATFORM` variable when it is
not specified as part of the generator name. The platform
name may be specified on the :manual:`cmake(1)` command line
with the ``-A`` option, e.g. ``-G "Visual Studio 12 2013" -A x64``.
* The :variable:`CMAKE_GENERATOR_TOOLSET` variable may now be
initialized in a toolchain file specified by the
:variable:`CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE` variable. This is useful
when cross-compiling with the Xcode or Visual Studio
generators.
* The :variable:`CMAKE_INSTALL_MESSAGE` variable was introduced to
optionally reduce output installation.
Properties
----------
* New :prop_tgt:`CXX_STANDARD` and :prop_tgt:`CXX_EXTENSIONS` target
properties may specify values which CMake uses to compute required
compile options such as ``-std=c++11`` or ``-std=gnu++11``. The
:variable:`CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD` and :variable:`CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS`
variables may be set to initialize the target properties.
* New :prop_tgt:`C_STANDARD` and :prop_tgt:`C_EXTENSIONS` target
properties may specify values which CMake uses to compute required
compile options such as ``-std=c11`` or ``-std=gnu11``. The
:variable:`CMAKE_C_STANDARD` and :variable:`CMAKE_C_EXTENSIONS`
variables may be set to initialize the target properties.
* New :prop_tgt:`COMPILE_FEATURES` target property may contain a list
of features required to compile a target. CMake uses this
information to ensure that the compiler in use is capable of building
the target, and to add any necessary compile flags to support language
features.
* New :prop_tgt:`COMPILE_PDB_NAME` and
:prop_tgt:`COMPILE_PDB_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY` target properties
were introduced to specify the MSVC compiler program database
file location (``cl /Fd``). This complements the existing
:prop_tgt:`PDB_NAME` and :prop_tgt:`PDB_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY`
target properties that specify the linker program database
file location (``link /pdb``).
* The :prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES` target property now supports
a ``$<LINK_ONLY:...>``
:manual:`generator expression <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>`.
* A new :prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_SOURCES` target property was introduced. This is
consumed by dependent targets, which compile and link the listed sources.
* The :prop_tgt:`SOURCES` target property now contains
:manual:`generator expression <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>`
such as ``TARGET_OBJECTS`` when read at configure time, if
policy :policy:`CMP0051` is ``NEW``.
* The :prop_tgt:`SOURCES` target property now generally supports
:manual:`generator expression <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>`. The
generator expressions may be used in the :command:`add_library` and
:command:`add_executable` commands.
* It is now possible to write and append to the :prop_tgt:`SOURCES` target
property. The :variable:`CMAKE_DEBUG_TARGET_PROPERTIES` variable may be
used to trace the origin of sources.
* A :prop_sf:`VS_DEPLOYMENT_CONTENT` source file property was added
to tell the Visual Studio generators to mark content for deployment
in Windows Phone and Windows Store projects.
* A :prop_sf:`VS_DEPLOYMENT_LOCATION` source file property was added
to tell the Visual Studio generators the relative location of content
marked for deployment in Windows Phone and Windows Store projects.
* The :prop_tgt:`VS_WINRT_COMPONENT` target property was created to
tell Visual Studio generators to compile a shared library as a
Windows Runtime (WinRT) component.
* The :generator:`Xcode` generator learned to check source
file properties :prop_sf:`XCODE_EXPLICIT_FILE_TYPE` and
:prop_sf:`XCODE_LAST_KNOWN_FILE_TYPE` for a custom Xcode
file reference type.
Modules
-------
* The :module:`BundleUtilities` module learned to resolve and replace
``@rpath`` placeholders on OS X to correctly bundle applications
using them.
* The :module:`CMakePackageConfigHelpers` module
:command:`configure_package_config_file` command learned a new
``INSTALL_PREFIX`` option to generate package configuration files
meant for a prefix other than :variable:`CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`.
* The :module:`CheckFortranSourceCompiles` module was added to
provide a ``CHECK_Fortran_SOURCE_COMPILES`` macro.
* The :module:`ExternalData` module learned to tolerate a ``DATA{}``
reference to a missing source file with a warning instead of
rejecting it with an error. This helps developers write new
``DATA{}`` references to test reference outputs that have not
yet been created.
* The :module:`ExternalProject` module learned to support lzma-compressed
source tarballs with ``.7z``, ``.tar.xz``, and ``.txz`` extensions.
* The :module:`ExternalProject` module ``ExternalProject_Add`` command
learned a new ``BUILD_ALWAYS`` option to cause the external project
build step to run every time the host project is built.
* The :module:`ExternalProject` module ``ExternalProject_Add`` command
learned a new ``EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL`` option to cause the external
project target to have the :prop_tgt:`EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL` target
property set.
* The :module:`ExternalProject` module ``ExternalProject_Add_Step`` command
learned a new ``EXCLUDE_FROM_MAIN`` option to cause the step to not be
a direct dependency of the main external project target.
* The :module:`ExternalProject` module ``ExternalProject_Add`` command
learned a new ``DOWNLOAD_NO_PROGRESS`` option to disable progress
output while downloading the source tarball.
* The :module:`FeatureSummary` module ``feature_summary`` API
learned to accept multiple values for the ``WHAT`` option and
combine them appropriately.
* The :module:`FindCUDA` module learned to support ``fatbin`` and ``cubin``
modules.
* The :module:`FindGTest` module ``gtest_add_tests`` macro learned
a new ``AUTO`` option to automatically read the :prop_tgt:`SOURCES`
target property of the test executable and scan the source files
for tests to be added.
* The :module:`FindGLEW` module now provides imported targets.
* The :module:`FindGLUT` module now provides imported targets.
* The :module:`FindHg` module gained a new ``Hg_WC_INFO`` macro to
help run ``hg`` to extract information about a Mercurial work copy.
* The :module:`FindOpenCL` module was introduced.
* The :module:`FindOpenMP` module learned to support Fortran.
* The :module:`FindPkgConfig` module learned to use the ``PKG_CONFIG``
environment variable value as the ``pkg-config`` executable, if set.
* The :module:`FindXercesC` module was introduced.
* The :module:`FindZLIB` module now provides imported targets.
* The :module:`GenerateExportHeader` module ``generate_export_header``
function learned to allow use with :ref:`Object Libraries`.
* The :module:`InstallRequiredSystemLibraries` module gained a new
``CMAKE_INSTALL_OPENMP_LIBRARIES`` option to install MSVC OpenMP
runtime libraries.
* The :module:`UseSWIG` module learned to detect the module name
from ``.i`` source files if possible to avoid the need to set
the ``SWIG_MODULE_NAME`` source file property explicitly.
* The :module:`WriteCompilerDetectionHeader` module was added to allow
creation of a portable header file for compiler optional feature detection.
Generator Expressions
---------------------
* New ``COMPILE_FEATURES``
:manual:`generator expression <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>` allows
setting build properties based on available compiler features.
CTest
-----
* The :command:`ctest_coverage` command learned to read variable
``CTEST_COVERAGE_EXTRA_FLAGS`` to set ``CoverageExtraFlags``.
* The :command:`ctest_coverage` command learned to support
Intel coverage files with the ``codecov`` tool.
* The :command:`ctest_memcheck` command learned to support sanitizer
modes, including ``AddressSanitizer``, ``MemorySanitizer``,
``ThreadSanitizer``, and ``UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer``.
Options may be set using the new
:variable:`CTEST_MEMORYCHECK_SANITIZER_OPTIONS` variable.
CPack
-----
* :manual:`cpack(1)` gained an ``IFW`` generator to package using
Qt Framework Installer tools. See the :module:`CPackIFW` module.
* :manual:`cpack(1)` gained ``7Z`` and ``TXZ`` generators supporting
lzma-compressed archives.
* The :module:`CPackDeb` module learned a new
:variable:`CPACK_DEBIAN_COMPRESSION_TYPE` variable to set the
tarball compression type.
* The :manual:`cpack(1)` ``WiX`` generator learned to support
a :prop_inst:`CPACK_WIX_ACL` installed file property to
specify an Access Control List.
Other
-----
* The :manual:`cmake(1)` ``-E`` option learned a new ``env`` command.
* The :manual:`cmake(1)` ``-E tar`` command learned to support
lzma-compressed files.
* :ref:`Object Libraries` may now have extra sources that do not
compile to object files so long as they would not affect linking
of a normal library (e.g. ``.dat`` is okay but not ``.def``).
* Visual Studio generators for VS 8 and later learned to support
the ``ASM_MASM`` language.
* The Visual Studio generators learned to treat ``.hlsl`` source
files as High Level Shading Language sources (using ``FXCompile``
in ``.vcxproj`` files). Source file properties
:prop_sf:`VS_SHADER_TYPE`, :prop_sf:`VS_SHADER_MODEL`, and
:prop_sf:`VS_SHADER_ENTRYPOINT` were added added to specify the
shader type, model, and entry point name.
New Diagnostics
===============
* Policy :policy:`CMP0052` introduced to control directories in the
:prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES` of exported targets.
Deprecated and Removed Features
===============================
* In CMake 3.0 the :command:`target_link_libraries` command
accidentally began allowing unquoted arguments to use
:manual:`generator expressions <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>`
containing a (``;`` separated) list within them. For example::
set(libs B C)
target_link_libraries(A PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${libs}>)
This is equivalent to writing::
target_link_libraries(A PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:B C>)
and was never intended to work. It did not work in CMake 2.8.12.
Such generator expressions should be in quoted arguments::
set(libs B C)
target_link_libraries(A PUBLIC "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${libs}>")
CMake 3.1 again requires the quotes for this to work correctly.
* Prior to CMake 3.1 the Makefile generators did not escape ``#``
correctly inside make variable assignments used in generated
makefiles, causing them to be treated as comments. This made
code like::
add_compile_options(-Wno-#pragma-messages)
not work in Makefile generators, but work in other generators.
Now it is escaped correctly, making the behavior consistent
across generators. However, some projects may have tried to
workaround the original bug with code like::
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-\\#pragma-messages")
This added the needed escape for Makefile generators but also
caused other generators to pass ``-Wno-\#pragma-messages`` to
the shell, which would work only in POSIX shells.
Unfortunately the escaping fix could not be made in a compatible
way so this platform- and generator-specific workaround no
longer works. Project code may test the :variable:`CMAKE_VERSION`
variable value to make the workaround version-specific too.
* Callbacks established by the :command:`variable_watch` command will no
longer receive the ``ALLOWED_UNKNOWN_READ_ACCESS`` access type when
the undocumented ``CMAKE_ALLOW_UNKNOWN_VARIABLE_READ_ACCESS`` variable is
set. Uninitialized variable accesses will always be reported as
``UNKNOWN_READ_ACCESS``.
* The :module:`CMakeDetermineVSServicePack` module now warns that
it is deprecated and should not longer be used. Use the
:variable:`CMAKE_<LANG>_COMPILER_VERSION` variable instead.
* The :module:`FindITK` module has been removed altogether.
It was a thin-wrapper around ``find_package(ITK ... NO_MODULE)``.
This produces much clearer error messages when ITK is not found.
* The :module:`FindVTK` module has been removed altogether.
It was a thin-wrapper around ``find_package(VTK ... NO_MODULE)``.
This produces much clearer error messages when VTK is not found.
The module also provided compatibility support for finding VTK 4.0.
This capability has been dropped.
Other Changes
=============
* The :manual:`cmake-gui(1)` learned to capture output from child
processes started by the :command:`execute_process` command
and display it in the output window.
* The :manual:`cmake-language(7)` internal implementation of generator
expression and list expansion parsers have been optimized and shows
non-trivial speedup on large projects.
* The Makefile generators learned to use response files with GNU tools
on Windows to pass library directories and names to the linker.
* When generating linker command-lines, CMake now avoids repeating
items corresponding to SHARED library targets.
* Support for the Open Watcom compiler has been overhauled.
The :variable:`CMAKE_<LANG>_COMPILER_ID` is now ``OpenWatcom``,
and the :variable:`CMAKE_<LANG>_COMPILER_VERSION` now uses
the Open Watcom external version numbering. The external
version numbers are lower than the internal version number
by 11.
* The ``cmake-mode.el`` major Emacs editing mode no longer
treats ``_`` as part of words, making it more consistent
with other major modes.