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<refentry id="man.dnssec-keyfromlabel">
<refentryinfo>
<date>February 8, 2008</date>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle><application>dnssec-keyfromlabel</application></refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname><application>dnssec-keyfromlabel</application></refname>
<refpurpose>DNSSEC key generation tool</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<docinfo>
<copyright>
<year>2008</year>
<year>2009</year>
<year>2010</year>
<year>2011</year>
<holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
</copyright>
</docinfo>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>dnssec-keyfromlabel</command>
<arg choice="req">-l <replaceable class="parameter">label</replaceable></arg>
<arg><option>-3</option></arg>
<arg><option>-a <replaceable class="parameter">algorithm</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-A <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-f <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-G</option></arg>
<arg><option>-I <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-k</option></arg>
<arg><option>-K <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nametype</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-P <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">protocol</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-R <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></option></arg>
<arg><option>-y</option></arg>
<arg choice="req">name</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para><command>dnssec-keyfromlabel</command>
gets keys with the given label from a crypto hardware and builds
key files for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
and RFC 4034.
</para>
<para>
The <option>name</option> of the key is specified on the command
line. This must match the name of the zone for which the key is
being generated.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>-a <replaceable class="parameter">algorithm</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Selects the cryptographic algorithm. The value of
<option>algorithm</option> must be one of RSAMD5, RSASHA1,
DSA, NSEC3RSASHA1, NSEC3DSA, RSASHA256, RSASHA512 or ECCGOST.
These values are case insensitive.
</para>
<para>
If no algorithm is specified, then RSASHA1 will be used by
default, unless the <option>-3</option> option is specified,
in which case NSEC3RSASHA1 will be used instead. (If
<option>-3</option> is used and an algorithm is specified,
that algorithm will be checked for compatibility with NSEC3.)
</para>
<para>
Note 1: that for DNSSEC, RSASHA1 is a mandatory to implement
algorithm, and DSA is recommended.
</para>
<para>
Note 2: DH automatically sets the -k flag.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-3</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Use an NSEC3-capable algorithm to generate a DNSSEC key.
If this option is used and no algorithm is explicitly
set on the command line, NSEC3RSASHA1 will be used by
default.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the name of the crypto hardware (OpenSSL engine).
When compiled with PKCS#11 support it defaults to "pkcs11".
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-l <replaceable class="parameter">label</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the label of the key pair in the crypto hardware.
The label may be preceded by an optional OpenSSL engine name,
separated by a colon, as in "pkcs11:keylabel".
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nametype</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the owner type of the key. The value of
<option>nametype</option> must either be ZONE (for a DNSSEC
zone key (KEY/DNSKEY)), HOST or ENTITY (for a key associated with
a host (KEY)),
USER (for a key associated with a user(KEY)) or OTHER (DNSKEY).
These values are case insensitive.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-C</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Compatibility mode: generates an old-style key, without
any metadata. By default, <command>dnssec-keyfromlabel</command>
will include the key's creation date in the metadata stored
with the private key, and other dates may be set there as well
(publication date, activation date, etc). Keys that include
this data may be incompatible with older versions of BIND; the
<option>-C</option> option suppresses them.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Indicates that the DNS record containing the key should have
the specified class. If not specified, class IN is used.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-f <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the specified flag in the flag field of the KEY/DNSKEY record.
The only recognized flags are KSK (Key Signing Key) and REVOKE.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-G</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Generate a key, but do not publish it or sign with it. This
option is incompatible with -P and -A.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-h</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
<command>dnssec-keyfromlabel</command>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-K <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the directory in which the key files are to be written.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-k</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Generate KEY records rather than DNSKEY records.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">protocol</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the protocol value for the key. The protocol
is a number between 0 and 255. The default is 3 (DNSSEC).
Other possible values for this argument are listed in
RFC 2535 and its successors.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Indicates the use of the key. <option>type</option> must be
one of AUTHCONF, NOAUTHCONF, NOAUTH, or NOCONF. The default
is AUTHCONF. AUTH refers to the ability to authenticate
data, and CONF the ability to encrypt data.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the debugging level.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-y</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Allows DNSSEC key files to be generated even if the key ID
would collide with that of an existing key, in the event of
either key being revoked. (This is only safe to use if you
are sure you won't be using RFC 5011 trust anchor maintenance
with either of the keys involved.)
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>TIMING OPTIONS</title>
<para>
Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as
an offset from the present time. For convenience, if such an offset
is followed by one of the suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd', 'h', or 'mi',
then the offset is computed in years (defined as 365 24-hour days,
ignoring leap years), months (defined as 30 24-hour days), weeks,
days, hours, or minutes, respectively. Without a suffix, the offset
is computed in seconds.
</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>-P <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone.
After that date, the key will be included in the zone but will
not be used to sign it. If not set, and if the -G option has
not been used, the default is "now".
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-A <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the date on which the key is to be activated. After that
date, the key will be included in the zone and used to sign
it. If not set, and if the -G option has not been used, the
default is "now".
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-R <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the date on which the key is to be revoked. After that
date, the key will be flagged as revoked. It will be included
in the zone and will be used to sign it.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-I <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the date on which the key is to be retired. After that
date, the key will still be included in the zone, but it
will not be used to sign it.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-D <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that
date, the key will no longer be included in the zone. (It
may remain in the key repository, however.)
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>GENERATED KEY FILES</title>
<para>
When <command>dnssec-keyfromlabel</command> completes
successfully,
it prints a string of the form <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii</filename>
to the standard output. This is an identification string for
the key files it has generated.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><filename>nnnn</filename> is the key name.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>aaa</filename> is the numeric representation
of the algorithm.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><filename>iiiii</filename> is the key identifier (or
footprint).
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para><command>dnssec-keyfromlabel</command>
creates two files, with names based
on the printed string. <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key</filename>
contains the public key, and
<filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private</filename> contains the
private key.
</para>
<para>
The <filename>.key</filename> file contains a DNS KEY record
that
can be inserted into a zone file (directly or with a $INCLUDE
statement).
</para>
<para>
The <filename>.private</filename> file contains
algorithm-specific
fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have
general read permission.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para><citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>dnssec-keygen</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>dnssec-signzone</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>,
<citetitle>RFC 4034</citetitle>.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>AUTHOR</title>
<para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>
</para>
</refsect1>
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